CN110488420B - Multi-focus optical fiber lens based on all-dielectric super surface - Google Patents
Multi-focus optical fiber lens based on all-dielectric super surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-focus optical fiber lens based on a full-medium super surface, and belongs to the technical field of optics. The multimode fiber comprises a multimode fiber, wherein all dielectric films are plated on the end faces of a fiber core and a cladding of the multimode fiber, a plurality of micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structures are inscribed on the dielectric films near the fiber core by utilizing an optical micromachining technology, mie resonance is caused by electric dipole and magnetic dipole resonance generated when light beams are incident on the dielectric resonance units, an optical fiber lens regulates and controls emergent light beams by utilizing the mie resonance, namely, a sudden change phase is added, the additional phase of the emergent light beams is determined by the size and the structure of a single resonance unit, and the arrangement combination of the strip-shaped resonance units for focusing a plurality of focuses is realized by utilizing an interpenetration method or a partition method so as to meet the additional phase distribution of focusing of the plurality of focuses. The multi-focus optical fiber lens can generate a plurality of axial focusing focuses simultaneously, does not need a series of devices for fixing devices, has small volume, high stability and high efficiency, is easy to realize full optical fiber integration, and has important significance in the fields of light capture and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-focus optical fiber lens based on a full-medium super surface, and belongs to the technical field of optics.
Background
Beam shaping, which can provide a variety of unusual beam profiles, plays an important role in the fields of optical micro-trapping, holographic imaging, and beam focusing, and has been a research focus. The traditional optical lens can perform functions of deflecting, diverging and converging light beams. But its size is large and not conducive to optical integration. In addition, the diffractive optical element can also regulate and control the light beam, but chromatic aberration and a plurality of diffraction orders are generated, and unnecessary optical loss is caused. The metal surface plasmon can realize complete control of the light beam at the thickness of nanometer level, which is beneficial to optical integration, but the inherent loss of metal causes the light utilization efficiency to be too low, and the efficiency of light beam deflection, reflection and focusing is not ideal. The all-dielectric super-surface is used as a dimension reduction structure of a metamaterial, the design is simple, the optical beam can be completely regulated and controlled by matching with the current manufacturing process, the efficiency is high, and optical devices of the all-dielectric super-surface are paid more and more attention.
Mie resonance is a dipole resonance caused by the interaction of electric and magnetic dipoles in light and all-dielectric nanoparticles, where the incident light changes its polarization, amplitude and phase. Through the interaction between the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole, the active control of light transmission can be realized. The emergent light generated by the method can overcome the diffraction limit, and a plurality of novel optical phenomena such as negative refraction, ultrahigh resolution imaging, transmission enhancement, wave front shaping and the like are generated. The all-dielectric super surface has obvious advantages in developing miniaturized photonic devices. However, when the optical device based on the conventional waveguide all-dielectric super-surface is applied, a precise alignment device is needed, a series of devices for fixing the device are needed, and the performance of the device is also affected by the oblique incidence of light. The optical fiber has good flexibility and long transmission distance, the combination of the all-dielectric super surface and the optical fiber is more beneficial to the integration of an optical system, and the volume of a device is greatly reduced. Lenses based on all-dielectric super-surfaces have also been reported, but most focus on a single focal point, limiting their range of applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-focus optical fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super surface for combining the all-dielectric super surface with an optical fiber to generate a plurality of axial focusing focuses and completely regulating and controlling a light beam.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the multi-focus optical fiber lens based on the all-dielectric super surface comprises a multimode optical fiber, wherein all dielectric films are plated on the end faces of a fiber core and a cladding of the multimode optical fiber, a micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structure is engraved on the surface of the all dielectric film on the end face of the fiber core, and the micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structure is arranged and combined by using an interpenetration method or a partition method.
The invention also includes such structural features:
1. the height of the micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structure is the same as the thickness of the whole dielectric film, and the specific parameters are that the film thickness is 400-400 nanometers, the width of the dielectric strip is 50-400 nanometers, and the period of the resonance unit is 400-800 nanometers.
2. The strip-shaped resonance unit structure is arranged on a fiber lensThe internal is of equal high period, but the widths of the medium unit structures are different, and the width of each medium unit structure is expressed by a formula
Calculating the phase of the point, matching the corresponding width, wherein m is a positive integer, x is the distance from each resonant unit to the center of the fiber core,
is the abrupt phase at this position, f is the designed focal length, λ is the wavelength of the incident wave, and f takes different values, corresponding to different focal points.
3. The strip-shaped resonance unit structures are symmetrically distributed according to the central axis of the end face of the optical fiber.
4. The insertion method comprises the steps of sequentially arranging single strip-shaped resonance units acting on different focuses; the zoning method is characterized in that the end face of the fiber core of the optical fiber is divided into a plurality of zones, and a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units with different focuses are arranged in different zones.
5. The all-dielectric film is amorphous silicon or TiO2A material.
6. The diameter of the core is 50-100 microns, and the diameter of the cladding is 125 microns.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the multi-focus fiber lens can generate a plurality of axial focusing focuses simultaneously by utilizing a single-layer structure, and has important significance in the fields of light capture and the like; the multi-focal-point optical fiber lens based on the all-dielectric super surface has the advantages of small volume, high integration level, high efficiency, easy realization of all-optical fiber integration, capability of being interconnected with the existing optical fiber technology and great significance in micro-optical devices; meanwhile, due to the flexibility of the optical fiber, the device does not need a series of devices for fixing the device, is easy to operate practically, and improves the stability of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a multimode fiber cross-section; FIG. 1(b) is a diagram of a single focus fiber lens structure based on an all-dielectric super surface;
FIG. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of stripe-shaped resonant cells by an interleaving method; FIG. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of a partitioning arrangement of the stripe-shaped resonant cells;
FIG. 3(a) is a phase and resonance unit position distribution diagram of a single focus fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super-surface; FIG. 3(b) is a simulation effect diagram of a single focus fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super surface;
FIG. 4(a) is a phase distribution diagram of a bifocal fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super-surface and designed by an interpenetration method and a position distribution diagram of a resonance unit; FIG. 4(b) is a simulation effect diagram of a bifocal fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super surface designed by an interpenetration method;
FIG. 5(a) is a distribution diagram of the phase of a bifocal fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super-surface and the position of a resonant unit, which is designed by a zoning method; FIG. 5(b) is a simulation effect diagram of a bifocal fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super surface designed by using a partition method;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the effect of the triple focus fiber lens simulation based on the all-dielectric super surface.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention aims to provide a multifocal fiber lens based on a full-medium super surface. The device is characterized in that the end face of a multimode optical fiber is plated with a full dielectric film, and then a micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structure is engraved on the surface of the full dielectric film on the end face of a fiber core by utilizing an optical micromachining technology. The working principle is based on Mie resonance, and the light of the fiber core is added with a sudden change phase by utilizing the dipole resonance of the strip-shaped resonance unit and then is emitted to a free space. The plurality of resonator elements have different degrees of modulation of the light beam, thereby affecting the wavefront of the outgoing light beam as a whole.
Based on the multi-focus optical fiber lens with the full-medium super surface, a multimode optical fiber end surface fiber core 1 and a cladding 2 are both plated with a full-medium film, then a micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structure 3 is engraved on the surface of the full-medium film on the end surface of the fiber core by utilizing an optical micromachining technology, the arrangement and combination of strip-shaped resonance units for focusing multiple focuses are realized by utilizing an interpenetration method or a partition method, and the optical fiber can simultaneously generate multiple axial focusing focuses. The height of the strip-shaped resonant unit 3 is the same as the thickness of the dielectric film, and the film thickness is 400-700 nm, the width of the dielectric strip is 50-400 nm; the resonant cell period is 400-800 nm. The resonant unit 3 in one fiber lens is of equal high period, but the widths of the medium units are different, so that abrupt phases with different sizes are obtained, and light beam focusing with different focal lengths is realized. The width of each strip-shaped resonance unit 3 is represented by the formula
And calculating the mutation phase, and finding out the corresponding width of the mutation phase. Where m is a positive integer, x is the distance of the nth resonant element from the core,
is the abrupt phase at that point, f is the designed focal length, and λ is the wavelength of the incident beam. The fiber lens can focus one focal point and can also focus two or more than two focal points simultaneously. In order to realize the focusing of the light beams with a plurality of focuses, f in the phase formula takes a plurality of values, and a plurality of phase distribution curves need to be calculated. The medium is amorphous silicon or TiO2And high refractive index dielectric materials. The diameter of the multimode fiber core 1 is 50-100 microns, the diameter of the cladding 2 is 125 microns, the end face of the fiber core 1 is large enough, and enough strip-shaped resonance units can be placed to efficiently control light beams. The strip-shaped resonance units 3 on the end face of the fiber core are symmetrically distributed according to the central axis of the fiber core, so that different additional phases are caused, and two or more than two focuses can be simultaneously focused. The insertion method is to arrange single strip-shaped resonance units acting on different focuses successively; the zoning method divides the end surface of the fiber core into a plurality of zones, and different zones are arranged to act on a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units without focuses. The multifocal fiber lens can work in visible light and near infrared light bands.
Example 1:
the single focus fiber lens based on the all-dielectric super surface, wherein the attached figure 1(a) is a multimode fiber cross section; (b) is a single focus fiber lens structure chart based on the all-dielectric super surface; FIG. 3(a) is a phase and resonance unit position distribution diagram of a single focus fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super-surface; multiple modesThe fiber core 1 and the cladding 2 on the end face of the optical fiber are both plated with amorphous silicon films with the thickness of 600nm, and then a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units 3 with the height of 600nm, the period of 500nm and the length covering the fiber core of the optical fiber are respectively engraved on the end face of the fiber core 1 by utilizing a focused ion beam technology. The strip-shaped resonance units 3 are symmetrically distributed according to the central axis of the fiber core of the optical fiber, and the width of each dielectric structure is represented by a formula
And calculating the mutation phase, and finding out the corresponding width of the mutation phase. Where m is a positive integer, x is the distance of each resonant element from the center of the core,
is the additional phase of the position, f is the focal length, and λ is the wavelength of the incident beam. When f is 100 μm, the strip-shaped resonant units are arranged as shown in fig. 1(b), a phase distribution curve is calculated according to design requirements, as shown in fig. 3(a), points are taken at intervals of 500nm as the positions of the resonant units, additional phases obtained by medium structures with different widths are required to conform to the phase distribution curve of fig. 3(a), and the strip-shaped resonant units all act on a single focus. The wavelength is 1300nm, the light with the polarization state parallel to the direction of the dielectric strips is incident, and the field distribution calculated when the medium structures are 117 is shown in FIG. 3 (b). It can be seen that there is a focus at 100 microns in the far field, achieving single focus focusing.
Example 2:
the bifocal fiber lens based on the all-dielectric super surface is designed by respectively utilizing an interpenetration method and a partition method, and the attached figure 2(a) is a schematic arrangement diagram of a strip-shaped resonance unit interpenetration method; 3-1 focusing f 1, 3-2 focusing f 2, and (b) is a schematic arrangement diagram of a strip-shaped resonance unit partition method; 3-1 focus f 1, 3-2 focus f 2; FIG. 4(a) is a phase distribution diagram of a bifocal fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super-surface and designed by an interpenetration method and a position distribution diagram of a resonance unit; (b) the simulation effect diagram of the bifocal fiber lens based on the all-dielectric super surface is designed by utilizing an interpenetration method; FIG. 5(a) is a distribution diagram of the phase of a bifocal fiber lens based on an all-dielectric super-surface and the position of a resonant unit, which is designed by a partition method; (b) is designed by using a partition method and based on all mediaA simulation effect diagram of the bifocal fiber lens of the super surface; the multimode fiber end surface fiber core 1 and the cladding 2 are both plated with amorphous silicon films with the thickness of 600nm, and then a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units 3 with the height of 600nm, the period of 500nm and the length covering the fiber core are respectively engraved on the end surface of the fiber core 1 by utilizing the focused ion beam technology. The strip-shaped resonance units 3 are symmetrically distributed according to the central axis of the fiber core of the optical fiber, and the width of each dielectric structure is represented by a formula
And calculating the mutation phase and finding out the corresponding width. Where m is a positive integer, x is the distance of each resonant element from the center of the core,
is the additional phase of the position, f is the focal length, and λ is the wavelength of the incident beam. When f is 50 μm and 100 μm, the arrangement of the stripe-shaped resonance units may be according to two different methods: the interleaving method shown in fig. 2(a) and the partitioning method shown in fig. 2 (b). The interpenetration method is to arrange the single strip-shaped resonance units acting on different focuses one by one, as shown in fig. 4(a), a strip-shaped resonance unit 3-1 focusing 50 μm is placed at the 1 st position, a strip-shaped resonance unit 3-2 focusing 100 μm is placed at the 2 nd position, a strip-shaped resonance unit 3-1 focusing 50 μm is placed at the 3 rd position, a strip-shaped resonance unit 3-2 focusing 100 μm is placed at the 4 th position, and so on; the zoning method is to divide the end face of the fiber core into a plurality of zones, and arrange a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units acting on different focuses in different zones, as shown in fig. 5(a), a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units 3-1 focusing 50 μm are arranged in a zone close to the center of the fiber core, and a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units 3-2 focusing 100 μm are arranged in a zone far from the center of the fiber core. When 1300nm light with the polarization state parallel to the direction of the dielectric strips is incident, and 117 dielectric structures are formed, the far fields based on the interpenetration method and the partition method are respectively shown in fig. 4(b) and 5 (b). It can be seen that the simultaneous occurrence of the focal points at 50 microns and 100 microns achieves axial bifocal focusing.
Example 3:
combining and insertingThe triple focus fiber lens based on the all-dielectric super surface is designed by a method and a partition method, and the attached figure 2(a) is a schematic arrangement diagram of a strip-shaped resonance unit insertion method; 3-1 focusing f 1, 3-2 focusing f 2, and (b) is a schematic arrangement diagram of a strip-shaped resonance unit partition method; 3-1 focus f 1, 3-2 focus f 2; FIG. 6 is a diagram of the effect of the triple focus fiber lens simulation based on the all-dielectric super surface; the multimode fiber end surface fiber core 1 and the cladding 2 are both plated with amorphous silicon films with the thickness of 600nm, and then a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units 3 with the height of 600nm, the period of 500nm and the length covering the fiber core are respectively engraved on the end surface of the fiber core 1 by utilizing the focused ion beam technology. The strip-shaped resonance units 3 are symmetrically distributed according to the central axis of the fiber core of the optical fiber, and the width of each dielectric structure is represented by a formula
And calculating the mutation phase and finding out the corresponding width. Where m is a positive integer, x is the distance of each resonant element from the center of the core,
is the additional phase of the position, f is the focal length, and λ is the wavelength of the incident beam. When f is 100 μm, 150 μm, and 250 μm, the arrangement of the stripe-shaped resonance units may combine the interleaving method as in fig. 2(a) and the division method as in fig. 2 (b). Inserting partitions on the end face of the fiber core: the core was divided into 6 regions on one side of the center (symmetrical structures were arranged on the other side), the first three regions were sequentially applied to 100 μm, 150 μm and 250 μm, and the last three regions were arranged with the stripe-shaped resonance units in the same manner. The field distribution calculated for the 117 dielectric structures with 1300nm light incident with polarization state parallel to the dielectric stripe direction is shown in fig. 6. It can be seen that the simultaneous occurrence of foci at 52 μm, 88 μm and 139 μm achieves axial trifocal focusing.
In conclusion, the invention provides a multi-focus optical fiber lens based on a full-medium super surface, the device is characterized in that a dielectric film is coated on the end face of a multimode optical fiber, and then a plurality of micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structures are inscribed on the dielectric film near a fiber core by utilizing an optical micromachining technology. The light beam is incident to the dielectric resonance unit to generate electric dipole and magnetic dipole resonance to cause Mie resonance, and the fiber lens utilizes the Mie resonance to regulate and control the emergent light beam, namely, add abrupt phase. The additional phase of the emergent light beam is determined by the size and the structure of a single resonance unit, and the multi-focus fiber lens is designed on the end face of the fiber core through the resonance unit distribution by using an interpenetration method or a partition method so as to meet the additional phase distribution of a plurality of focus focuses. The multi-focus fiber lens can generate a plurality of axial focusing focuses simultaneously, does not need to utilize a spatial phase modulator with larger volume and an accurate aligning device, is integrated into a single fiber waveguide, greatly reduces the volume of a device, does not need a series of devices for fixing the device due to the flexibility of the fiber, and has important application in optical integration.
Claims (7)
1. The multifocal fiber lens based on the all-dielectric super surface is characterized in that: the multimode fiber comprises multimode fibers, wherein all dielectric films are plated on the end faces of a fiber core and a cladding of each multimode fiber, a micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structure is carved on the surface of each all dielectric film on the end face of each fiber core, the micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structures are arranged and combined by an interpenetration method or a partition method, the micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structures are symmetrically distributed according to the central axis of the end face of each fiber, and a plurality of axial focusing focuses can be generated by a fiber lens at the same time.
2. The multifocal fiber lens based on all-dielectric super-surface of claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structure is the same as the thickness of the whole dielectric film, and the specific parameters are that the film thickness is 400-400 nanometers, the width of the dielectric strip is 50-400 nanometers, and the period of the resonance unit is 400-800 nanometers.
3. The multifocal fiber lens based on all-dielectric super surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the micro-nano strip-shaped resonance unit structures are of equal high period in one optical fiber lens, but the widths of the medium unit structures are different, and the width of each medium unit structure is determined by a formula
Calculating the phase of the center of the medium unit and thenMatching the respective widths, where m is a positive integer, x is the distance of each resonant element from the center of the core,
the center of each resonance unit is in an abrupt phase, f is the focal length of the fiber lens, lambda is the wavelength of incident waves, and f takes different values and corresponds to different focuses.
4. The multifocal fiber lens based on all-dielectric super surface according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the insertion method comprises the steps of sequentially arranging single strip-shaped resonance units acting on different focuses; the zoning method is characterized in that the end face of the fiber core of the optical fiber is divided into a plurality of zones, and a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units with different focuses are arranged in different zones.
5. The multifocal fiber lens based on all-dielectric super-surface of claim 3, characterized in that: the insertion method comprises the steps of sequentially arranging single strip-shaped resonance units acting on different focuses; the zoning method is characterized in that the end face of the fiber core of the optical fiber is divided into a plurality of zones, and a plurality of strip-shaped resonance units with different focuses are arranged in different zones.
6. The multifocal fiber lens based on all-dielectric super-surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: the all-dielectric film is amorphous silicon or TiO2A material.
7. The multifocal fiber lens based on all-dielectric super-surface of claim 6, characterized in that: the diameter of the core is 50-100 microns, and the diameter of the cladding is 125 microns.
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| CN111025466A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Multi-focus diffraction lens based on optical fiber |
| CN113687453B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-26 | 华南理工大学 | Variable-focus near-infrared super-surface lens and control method thereof |
| CN114460691A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-10 | 杭州纳境科技有限公司 | Optical fiber-micro-nano structure integrated element and functional optical fiber array |
| CN115327696B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-09-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Hollow anti-resonance optical fiber tunable reflector |
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Effective date of registration: 20230506 Address after: 403-1, 4th Floor, West Zone, Shipbuilding Electronics World, No. 258 Nantong Street, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150001 Patentee after: Harbin Xinruike Photoelectric Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 150001 Intellectual Property Office, Harbin Engineering University science and technology office, 145 Nantong Avenue, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Patentee before: HARBIN ENGINEERING University |