CN110466731B - Airship floating weight balance control method based on interaction of air bag and helium bag - Google Patents
Airship floating weight balance control method based on interaction of air bag and helium bag Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/58—Arrangements or construction of gas-bags; Filling arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/58—Arrangements or construction of gas-bags; Filling arrangements
- B64B1/60—Gas-bags surrounded by separate containers of inert gas
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- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
An airship floating weight balance control method based on interaction of an air bag and a helium bag relates to an airship floating weight balance control method. Helium fills the whole main bag body in the air-parking stage, the mass of the helium in the main bag body is calculated, the density of the helium in the air-parking stage is calculated, the overall mass of the airship is calculated, the mass of the helium in the main bag body in the ascending and descending stages is not changed, the volume of the helium at any height is calculated, the density of the helium at any height is calculated, the volume of the air bag can be calculated under the condition that the volume of the main bag body and the volume of the helium at any height are known, then the air mass is calculated, the air density is calculated, the position of the airship at the junction of the helium and the air in the main bag body at any height is calculated, the gradient pressure difference at any height of the main bag body is calculated, and the ascending and descending of the airship are assisted to be controlled. The mass and the volume of air and helium in the main capsule at any height can be calculated by considering the condition of zero pressure or negative pressure, and the floating weight balance is controlled in an auxiliary manner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an airship floating weight balance control method, in particular to an airship floating weight balance control method based on interaction of an air bag and a helium bag.
Background
The stratosphere space is 20-100 km away from the earth surface, is positioned above a troposphere and below an ionosphere, has stable weather and climate, almost has no electromagnetic interference, has unique environmental advantages and military and civil application values, and becomes a hot spot concerned by countries in the world. The stratospheric airship is a representative aircraft of the stratospheric space which continuously flies for a long time, has wide application prospect and development potential in the fields of communication relay, navigation positioning, meteorological observation, space detection and the like, a plurality of countries such as the United states, the Japan, the English, the Russia and the like are investing a large amount of funds to carry out research and development, and the stratospheric airship enters the rapid development period.
At present, the method for calculating the buoyancy-weight balance of the airship only considers the condition that the interior of the airship is positive pressure in the air-parking stage, but does not consider the condition of zero pressure or negative pressure in the ascending and descending processes, and can not accurately calculate the mass and the volume occupied by the air and the helium in the main capsule at a certain height. Therefore, a method for considering the condition that the interior of the main bag body of the airship is zero pressure or negative pressure and calculating the mass and the volume of air and helium in the main bag body at any height so as to better assist in controlling the floating weight balance of the airship is very needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an airship floating weight balance control method based on interaction of an air bag and a helium bag so as to solve the problems.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for controlling buoyancy-weight balance of an airship based on interaction of an air bag and a helium bag is characterized in that a main bag body of the airship is of a double-ellipse bus rotating body structure, a diaphragm is arranged in the main bag body of the airship and surrounds the inner lower part of the main bag body to form the air bag, and a plurality of helium bags are arranged above the diaphragm in the main bag body, and the control method comprises the following steps:
in the air-parking stage, air is completely discharged, helium is filled in the whole main capsule, and the mass of the helium in the main capsule is calculated by the following formula I:
wherein P represents the sum of the external air pressure and the internal pressure difference of the main balloon; v represents the main capsule volume; m represents the molar mass of helium; r represents an ideal gas state equation constant; t represents the steady state temperature in the main capsule,
the helium density during the parking period is calculated by the following formula two:
where ρ represents the gas density; m represents a gas mass; v represents the volume of the gas,
calculating the overall mass of the airship according to the following formula III, wherein the overall mass of the airship is equal to the buoyancy in the sky parking stage:
where ρ is c Representing the density difference between the air outside the main capsule and the gas inside the main capsule; h represents the vertical height of the measuring point in the main capsule body from the lowest point of the gas in the main capsule body; g takes the value of 10N/kg; v represents the main capsule volume; m represents the overall mass of the airship,
assuming constant quality of helium gas in the main capsule during the ascent and descent phases, the volume of helium gas at any height is calculated according to the following formula four:
P 1 V 1 ＝P 2 V 2 ，
wherein P is 1 Indicating the internal pressure of the main capsule body in the emptying stage; v 1 Representing the main capsule volume; p is 2 Indicating the internal pressure of the main capsule during the ascent and descent phases; v 2 Indicating the volume of helium at any height,
the density of helium at any height can be obtained through the second formula and the fourth formula,
in the volume V of the main capsule 1 And volume V of helium at any height 2 The air bag volume can be found under the known condition, and the formula five is as follows:
V air ＝V 1 -V 2 ，
wherein V air Represents the air bag volume; v 1 Representing the main capsule volume; v 2 The volume of the helium gas is shown,
and then calculating the air quality through a first formula, calculating the air density through a second formula, and calculating the position h' of the boundary between the helium and the air in the main capsule at any height of the airship through a sixth formula:
wherein a represents the major axis dimension of the ellipsoid; b represents the minor axis dimension of the ellipsoid,
and then the gradient pressure difference at any height of the main balloon is obtained by the following formula seven:
Δp gra (h)＝(ρ air -ρ he )gh＝ρ c gh，
wherein ρ air Represents a certain height of air density; rho he Represents the average density of helium within the main capsule,
the method comprises the steps of calculating the floating weight balance to control the ascending and descending of the airship through the first formula to the seventh formula, specifically controlling the air quality, gradually exhausting the air in an air bag when the airship ascends to enable the gravity of the airship to be smaller than the buoyancy force so as to ascend, gradually sucking the air when the airship descends to enable the gravity of the airship to be larger than the buoyancy force so as to descend.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention considers the condition that the internal of the main capsule of the airship is zero pressure or negative pressure, can calculate the mass and the volume of air and helium in the main capsule at any height, assists in controlling the floating weight balance of the airship, and has good reference significance for controlling the floating weight balance of the airship.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic of the geometry of the main bladder of an airship.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: the invention discloses an airship floating weight balance control method based on interaction of an air bag and a helium bag, wherein a main bag body of an airship adopts a double-ellipse bus rotating body structure, a diaphragm is arranged in the main bag body of the airship and encloses and synthesizes the air bag with the lower part of the inner part of the main bag body, and a plurality of helium bags are arranged above the diaphragm in the main bag body, the control method comprises the following steps:
in the air-parking stage, air is completely discharged, helium is filled in the whole main capsule, and the mass of the helium in the main capsule is calculated by the following formula:
wherein P represents the sum of the external air pressure and the pressure differential inside the main bladder; v represents the main capsule volume; m represents the molar mass of helium (0.004 kg/mol); r represents the ideal gas equation of state constant (8.314); t represents the main capsule internal steady state temperature (considered equal to atmospheric temperature),
the helium density during the stagnation phase is calculated by the following formula:
where ρ represents the gas density; m represents a gas mass; v represents the volume of the gas,
calculating the whole mass of the airship (the whole mass of the airship is equal to the buoyancy force in the air parking stage) by the following formula:
where ρ is c Representing the density difference between the air outside the main capsule and the gas inside the main capsule; h represents the vertical height of the measuring point in the main capsule body from the lowest point of the gas in the main capsule body; g takes the value of 10N/kg; v represents the main capsule volume; m represents the overall mass of the airship,
assuming constant quality of helium in the main capsule during the ascent and descent phases, the volume of helium at any height is calculated according to the following formula:
P 1 V 1 ＝P 2 V 2 (4)
wherein P is 1 Indicating the internal pressure of the main capsule body in the emptying stage; v 1 Representing the main capsule volume; p is 2 Indicating the internal pressure of the main bladder during the ascent and descent phases; v 2 Indicating the volume of helium at any height,
the density of helium at any height can be obtained through the formulas (2) and (4),
in the volume V of the main capsule 1 And volume V of helium at any height 2 The air cell volume can be found in the known case,
V air ＝V 1 -V 2 (5)
wherein V air Represents the air cell volume; v 1 Representing the main capsule volume; v 2 The volume of helium gas is shown as,
then, calculating the air quality through a formula (1), calculating the air density through a formula (2), and calculating the position h' of the boundary between the helium and the air in the main capsule at any height of the airship through the following formula:
wherein, a represents the major axis size of an ellipsoid; b represents the minor axis dimension of the ellipsoid,
and then the gradient pressure difference at any height of the main capsule body is obtained through the following formula:
Δp gra (h)＝(ρ air -ρ he )gh＝ρ c gh (7)
wherein ρ air Represents a certain height of air density; ρ is a unit of a gradient he The average density of helium within the main capsule is shown,
the method comprises the steps of calculating the floating weight balance in an auxiliary mode through the formula, controlling the ascending and descending of the airship, specifically controlling the air quality, gradually discharging air in an air bag when the airship ascends, enabling the gravity of the airship to be smaller than the buoyancy, so that the airship ascends, gradually sucking air when the airship descends, and enabling the gravity of the airship to be larger than the buoyancy, so that the airship descends.
The embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the geometry of the main bladder of the airship is as follows:
In the standing-in-air stage (20 km), the internal pressure of a main bag body of the airship is 50Pa, the mass of helium calculated by the formula (1) is 466.83kg, in the standing-in-air stage, the pressure difference in a helium bag is changed from 50Pa to 300Pa, only 41.84kg (compared with 466.83kg, neglected, omitted and simplified in calculation) of helium needs to be sucked, assuming that the mass of helium in the main bag body is constant, in the rising stage, helium is not discharged or increased, in the standing-in-air stage, the buoyancy borne by the airship is calculated by the formula (3), as the density difference between air in the air bag and outside air is small, the gradient pressure is small and neglected, the buoyancy generated by the helium occupying the main bag body is not changed in the rising process and is always equal to the self weight of the airship (except the mass of air and helium in the main bag body),
in the ascending process, on the ground, about 93% of the volume in the main bag body is air, about 7% of the volume is helium, in the ascending stage, the air is gradually discharged, the volume occupied by the helium is gradually increased, the buoyancy borne by the airship (equal to the gravity of the airship and free of the weight of gases such as helium, air and the like) is calculated according to the volume and the density difference of the main bag body in the air-staying stage, in the ascending and descending process, the buoyancy provided by the helium is assumed to be unchanged, and the V can be obtained according to the formula (3) he Whereby the rise in process is determinedThe helium volume, helium density, air volume, air mass and air density at any height are respectively calculated by a formula (6) and a formula (7) according to the position of the airship at the boundary between the helium and the air in the main bag at any height and the gradient pressure difference at any height of the main bag, as shown in the following table, (the submarine head is taken as the origin of coordinates, the ordinate of the lowermost part of the main bag is-16.2635 m, and the ordinate of the uppermost part of the main bag is 16.2635 m),
calculating overpressure value and overpressure gradient of main capsule of airship in rising stage
When the airship returns to a factory, a part of helium is firstly discharged, the internal pressure is changed from overpressure to negative pressure, so that the volume is contracted, the air suction efficiency is improved, in the field returning stage, a part of helium is firstly discharged, the internal pressure of a main bag body is changed from 50Pa to-5 Pa, the volume of the main bag body is contracted by about 10%, the main bag body of the airship can be contracted, namely the volume of the main bag body is reduced, the air quantity required to be sucked is reduced, the requirement of a blower is reduced, namely the air quantity required to be sucked at high altitude (6-20) is reduced, and the energy consumed by 0Pa and 10Pa is not greatly different as long as the main bag body can be contracted, and at the moment, the volume of the main bag body is 33911.73m 3 The mass of helium is 416kg, the buoyancy borne by the airship is obtained by the formula (3) in the field returning stage, the density difference between the air in the air bag and the outside air is small, so the gradient pressure is small and is ignored, so the buoyancy generated by the helium occupying the air bag is not changed in the descending process and is always equal to the self weight of the airship (except the air and the helium mass in the air bag), the volume occupied by the helium at any height, the helium density, the volume occupied by the air, the air mass and the air density in the descending process are obtained by the formula (6), the boundary line of the air and the helium in the main bag is obtained by the formula (6), and the gradient pressure at the top of the airship is calculated as shown in the following table,
calculating overpressure value and overpressure gradient of main capsule of airship in return stage
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an airship floats heavy balance control method based on air bag and helium bag are mutual, the main utricule configuration of airship adopts two ellipse generating lines to revolve adult structure, is provided with the diaphragm in the main utricule of airship and encloses synthetic air bag with main utricule inside below, lies in the diaphragm in the main utricule and is provided with a plurality of helium gasbags, its characterized in that: the control method comprises the following steps:
in the air-parking stage, all air is discharged, helium is filled in the whole main capsule body, and the mass of the helium in the main capsule body is calculated through the following formula I:
wherein P represents the sum of the external air pressure and the pressure differential inside the main bladder; v represents the main capsule volume; m represents the molar mass of helium; r represents an ideal gas state equation constant; t represents the steady state temperature in the main capsule,
the helium density during the parking period is calculated by the following formula two:
where ρ represents the gas density; m represents a gas mass; v represents the volume of the gas,
calculating the overall mass of the airship according to the following formula III, wherein the overall mass of the airship is equal to the buoyancy in the sky parking stage:
where ρ is c Representing the density difference between the air outside the main capsule and the gas inside the main capsule; h represents the vertical height of the measuring point in the main capsule body from the lowest point of the gas in the main capsule body; g takes the value of 10N/kg; v represents the main capsule volume; m represents the overall mass of the airship,
assuming constant quality of helium gas in the main capsule during the ascent and descent phases, the volume of helium gas at any height is calculated according to the following formula four:
P 1 V 1 ＝P 2 V 2 ，
wherein P is 1 The internal pressure of the main capsule body in the standing-in-air stage is represented; v 1 Representing the main capsule volume; p 2 Indicating the internal pressure of the main bladder during the ascent and descent phases; v 2 Indicating the volume of helium at any height,
the density of helium at any height can be obtained through a second formula and a fourth formula,
in the main capsule volume V 1 And volume V of helium at any height 2 Determining the air in the known caseBalloon volume, formula five:
V air ＝V 1 -V 2 ，
wherein V air Represents the air cell volume; v 1 Representing the main capsule volume; v 2 The volume of helium gas is shown as,
and then calculating the air quality through a first formula, calculating the air density through a second formula, and calculating the position h' of the boundary between the helium and the air in the main capsule at any height of the airship through a sixth formula:
wherein, a represents the major axis size of an ellipsoid; b represents the minor axis dimension of the ellipsoid,
and then the gradient pressure difference at any height of the main balloon is obtained by the following formula seven:
Δp gra (h)＝(ρ air -ρ he )gh＝ρ c gh，
where ρ is air Represents a certain height of air density; rho he Represents the average density of helium within the main capsule,
the method comprises the steps of calculating the floating weight balance to control the ascending and descending of the airship through the first formula to the seventh formula, specifically controlling the air quality, gradually exhausting the air in an air bag when the airship ascends to enable the gravity of the airship to be smaller than the buoyancy force so as to ascend, gradually sucking the air when the airship descends to enable the gravity of the airship to be larger than the buoyancy force so as to descend.
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| CN112487559B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-04-28 | 中国人民解放军63660部队 | Parameter self-adaptive single-bag stratospheric airship floating weight balance assessment method |
| CN112507636B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-01-10 | 中国人民解放军63660部队 | Parameter self-adaptive multi-capsule stratospheric airship floating weight balance assessment method |
| CN113076624B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2023-04-18 | 浙江热土航空发展有限公司 | Estimation method for fuel carrying capacity of hydrogen energy airship |
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