CN109787689A - A kind of optional waveform generator and method based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping - Google Patents
A kind of optional waveform generator and method based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of optional waveform generator and method based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping belongs to microwave photon signal and generates field.Frequency comb flatness in random waveform system and the precision to frequency comb shaping are led to the problem of based on microwave photon method mainly for existing, the 5 preferable frequency combs of line flatness are generated with double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder DP-MZM first, optical fiber bragg grating FBG is combined to separate every spectral line later, the adjusting for carrying out phase and amplitude to spectral line by fiber stretcher FS and Polarization Controller PC again, it is more accurate close to waveform required for triangular wave, sawtooth wave, rectangular wave and high bass wave etc. to produce waveform.The present invention is based on being individually adjusted to each spectral line, random waveform can be generated, and there is very high precision, can be applied in radar system or ROF system, improve the precision of transmission signal waveform.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to microwave photon signal and generates field, and in particular to a kind of any based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping
Waveshape generating device and method.
Background technique
The optics such as semiconductor laser, optical fiber optics and microwave antenna, microwave monolithic integrated circuit are mutually tied with microwave at present
The technology of conjunction just in high speed development, produces this cross discipline for combining microwave and fiber optic communication of Microwave photonics, and micro-
Random waveform signal generating method in glistening light of waves submethod, is based on this disciplinary study, generate have higher frequency and
The waveform signal of more high bandwidth can effectively avoid it from being limited to the sample rate of electronic device when synthesizing in electrical domain and generate lower
The waveform signal of frequency, lower bandwidth.
The research of random waveform generation technique is concentrated mainly on frequency-domain shaping and time domain regulation.Generating in frequency domain is to each
Root spectral line carries out shaping, including direct modulation method, transferring preparation method, Fourier synthesis, optical heterodyne, Harmonic Method etc., time domain
Interior generation is to directly control, including directly synthesized with direct space and time mapping method to the amplitude and phase of input signal etc..
B.Dai, J.Li et al. are utilized respectively the external modulations such as DDMZM, DP-MZM, SDMZM in the article that it is published
Technology generates the waveforms such as triangular wave, sawtooth wave.Guizhou University researcher utilizes tradition bicyclic OEO structural generation repetition frequency
Rate is the triangular signal of 5GHz.This is because photoelectricity oscillator is a regenerative feedback loop being made up of photodetector,
To which continuous light is become microwave signal stable, that frequency spectrum is clean.Transferring preparation method is directly generated using during Electro-optical Modulation, chain
Road is constituted simply, and method is easy to accomplish, but increasing with waveform requirements, and device parameters setting is especially complicated, simultaneously because
After electrooptic modulator link is constituted, multiplier parameter is non-adjustable, and the flexibility ratio for causing random waveform to generate is inadequate, and generates wave
The quality strong correlation of the quality of shape and device, structure, it is difficult to ensure effect.
Fourier synthesis mainly relies on Fourier transformation, and theoretical foundation is that the Fourier expansion of periodic waveform is former
Reason, first in some way separates each spectral line of input signal, then the amplitude with electrooptic modulator to each spectral line, phase again
Position is manipulated, and can finally accurately generate required waveform, including Fourier directly synthesizes and frequency-time maps two kinds
Mode.University is released from sufferings with the U.S. is disclosed in Andrew M.Weiner, Ultrafast optical pulse shaping:A
tutorial review[J].Optics communication,2011,284,3669-3692.pulse shaping:A
4f Space Optical System in tutorial review [J] .Optics communication, 2011,284,3669-3692.
To represent.But this technology depends on the spectrum number of lines of optical frequency com, is convenient for Waveform Design, but this technology export is believed
Number waveform depend on the Frequency Response of dispersive medium, selection and use for dispersive medium have very high requirement, therefore
It is fiber bragg grating, liquid crystal modulator and waveguide optical grating using more device, and requires input signal in time domain
Narrower in width.
To sum up, the signal waveform type based on external modulation technology generation waveform signal technology generation is less, and flexibility ratio is inadequate,
And the raw quality of technology that nonlinear method used in Fourier synthesis generates frequency comb is bad, planarization is lower.
Summary of the invention
This application provides a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping, which is characterized in that should
Device includes consisting of component:
1. flat frequency comb source: being required according to target waveform, generate the flat frequency comb of power, line width and line number of needs；
2. spectral shaper: be mainly used to separate each spectral line, then control each spectral line amplitude and
Phase；
3. photodetector: being primarily used to generate in electrical domain and any wave of the consistent microwave of spectral shape after shaping
Shape.
Further, the flat frequency comb source uses single double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder (DP-MZM), right
Each spectral line of optical frequency com carries out shaping, then progress spectral line separation first carries out amplitude and phase control.
Further, spectral line separation realizes that phase controlling uses fiber stretcher using Bragg grating (FBG)
(FS), amplitude control is realized using Polarization Controller (PC).
Further, in the DP-MZM, every height has independent RF signal input end mouth and direct current biasing defeated
Inbound port.
Further, use radiofrequency signal for sinusoidal signal in the DP-MZM, laser source CW.
Further, the FBG is uniform period sinusoidal grating.
Further, the FS is winding made of optical fiber on piezoelectric ceramics (PZT).
Further, the polarization state of the PC has oval state and two, azimuth freedom degree.
Present invention also provides a kind of random waveform method for generation based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping, this method include with
Lower step:
1. generating the flat frequency comb of 5 lines based on double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder (DP-MZM)；
2. calculate and setting fiber bragg grating parameter, obtain light wave by Bragg grating (FBG) back reflection and thoroughly
Penetrate caused phase change；
3. being controlled by spectral shaper amplitude；
4. calculating the parameter of fiber stretcher FS；
5. amplitude is arranged according to the Fourier transformation of required waveform, phase regulates and controls parameter, waveform signal required for generating.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of Fig. 1: basic block diagram of the optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping；
Fig. 2: the random waveform based on DP-MZM frequency spectrum shaping generates system construction drawing；
Fig. 3: optical fiber bragg grating FBG structure chart；
Fig. 4: fiber stretcher FS structure chart；
Fig. 5: DP-MZM generates the flat frequency comb schematic diagram of 5 lines；
Fig. 6: a kind of simulation example figure of the random waveform method for generation based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping, wherein Fig. 6-1:
Rectangular wave；Fig. 6-2: triangular wave；Fig. 6-3: sawtooth wave.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the invention, rather than the whole invented.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of optional waveform generator and method and emulation detection based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping of embodiment 1
A kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping, basic structure are as shown in Figure 1.
A kind of random waveform method for generation experimentation and result based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping:
The first step generates the flat frequency comb of 5 lines based on DP-MZM
Double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (Dual Parallel Mach-Zehnder Modulator, DP-MZM)
System construction drawing is as shown in Figure 2.DP-MZM is the two-arm that two MZM are respectively embedded into a MZM, is made of three MZM set,
At first Y-branch of MZM3, that is, MAIN MUX, the input signal expression formula of MZM1 and MZM2 are as follows.
The output optical signal expression formula of two MZM modulators MZM1 and MZM2 can be expressed as follows.
Wherein, φiPhase change caused by MZM1 and MZM2 DC voltage, i=1,2,3 respectively indicate MZM1, MZM2,
MZM3.The final output signal expression formula of DP-MZM modulator is as follows.
Wherein, φ1、φ2、φ3The respectively phase difference of MZM1, MZM2, MZM3.
The key of output it can be seen that, although the modulation variable comparison of DP-MZM modulator is more, is influenced by expression formula
Factor is only related with the amplitude of modulator radiofrequency signal, phase and direct current signal, in order to obtain different output signals, it is only necessary to
Change radiofrequency signal and direct current signal, therefore, DP-MZM can be widely applied to the modulation of multi-signal format.
Make MZM1 work in maximum light function point, Dc bias VDC1 is set as 0, and additional RF1 RF driving signal is set as
2.05V, frequency 10GHz.Minimum light function point works MZM2 again, and setting VDC2 is 1.75V, and additional RF2 driving signal amplitude takes
0.756V, set of frequency 10GHz.The flat frequency comb of five lines is generated, as shown in Figure 5.
Second step calculates and is arranged fiber bragg grating parameter.
Fiber bragg grating is as shown in figure 3, be that light is periodically changed by carrying out ultraviolet light irradiation to photosensitive grating
Long and slender core index distribution and the all-fiber devices formed, to realize that optical frequency com corresponds to the reflection of spectral line, using being based on
The method of Bragg grating has coupling loss small, the advantages of being easily integrated；L indicates the length of FBG, and Λ indicates the week of FBG
Phase is analyzed by taking the most common uniform period sinusoidal pattern FBG as an example.FBG fiber core refractive index n (z) can be expressed as follows:
Wherein, n0Indicate FBG fibre core mean refractive index, n1Indicate the depth of sinusoidal refractive index modulation.Coupled wave equation can be with table
Show as follows.
Wherein, V is the structural constant of FBG, β1And β2Respectively indicate the propagation constant under forward and reverse transmission mode.
As Δ β=0, phase matched can obtain the solution of coupled wave equation.
Reflectivity is maximum at this time, RmaxIt can be expressed as follows.
As Δ β ≠ 0, phase is mismatched, then the solution of coupled wave equation can be obtained by boundary condition.
Reflectivity R can be indicated are as follows:
Reflection coefficient ρ may be expressed as:
Wherein, ξ+It is from the coefficient of coup, λ is the wavelength of input signal, λB=2n0Λ is the bragg wavelength of grating.
Therefore, phase shift φ occurs through the light wave for the FBG that length is llIt can be expressed as follows:
By calculating above, available light wave is by FBG back reflection and transmits caused phase change.
To guarantee that each Bragg grating can filter out a spectral line, by the foveal reflex wave of five fiber bragg gratings
Length is respectively set are as follows: 1550.91nm, 1551.72nm, 1552.54nm, 1553.33nm, 1554.13nm, the width point of reflectance spectrum
0.20nm is not set as it.The interval of reflection wavelength is essentially 0.8nm.
Third step controls amplitude by spectral shaper
While amplitude control is by Polarization Controller (PC) Lai Shixian, when filtering by FBG, width can also be carried out
Degree control.By previous step analysis it is found that as Δ β=0, reflectivity maximum Rmax, can indicate are as follows:
Rmax=tanh2(kL), ξ at this time+=0, peak wavelength can indicate are as follows:
Due toTherefore, λmax≈λB=2n0Λ.Therefore, pass through the filtering characteristic of FBG, so that it may realization pair
The amplitude of light wave controls.
4th step calculates the parameter of fiber stretcher FS
It is as shown in Figure 4 in the FS structure made based on PZT.
In figure, L indicates that the fiber lengths being wrapped on PZT, Δ L refer to the variable quantity of fiber lengths after PZT power-up, φ table
Show phase, Δ φ indicates to pass through the phase change after FS, the wavelength λ in vacuum0It indicates, r1And r2Respectively indicate the interior of PZT
Diameter and outer diameter.
It can be expressed as follows by the phase change after FS:
Wherein, ξ is the coefficient of strain of optical fiber, νfIt is the Poisson's ratio of optical fiber and PZT material, p respectively with ν12And p11It is optical fiber
Elasto-optical coefficient.
In FS structure chart, voltage u (t) is added in interior outer radius r1And r2Between, in cylinder, it is believed that radial field E
To be uniformly distributed.There is following expression:
Wherein, GEAnd dEIt is constant, related with optical fiber and PZT material, input signal phase change A φ and winding optical fiber are long
It is directly proportional to spend changes delta L, winding fiber lengths changes delta L is directly proportional to voltage u (t), therefore, by changing the voltage of load,
It can realize the control to phase.
Amplitude is arranged according to the Fourier transformation of required waveform in 5th step, and phase regulates and controls parameter.The present invention is according to three kinds of waves
The emulation experiment of shape verifies system feasibility.
Expression formula according to specific waveforms such as the general rectangular wave of Fourier transformation, triangular form wave and sawtooth waves is as follows.
Rectangular wave:
Triangular wave:
Zigzag:
ItsIn, A
It is the amplitude and angular frequency of input signal respectively with ω, is constant, n is Fourier coefficient.It in the ideal situation, can be by the period
Waveform is all the spectral line of series of discrete in a frequency domain etc.
6th step, emulation experiment.
According to the working principle of fiber bragg grating, only emit the spectral line frequency within broadband at it, it can be into
The separation of row spectral line, the reflection wavelength section of five fiber bragg gratings is (1545nm, 1565nm), 5 flat light of use
The frequency comb wavelength of frequency comb is all within reflection wavelength section.Adjust fiber stretcher, the phase 0 of each spectral line made.Time
Window 100ps.It is flat that VPI (Virtual Photonics Inc) TransmissionMaker optical simulation software generates 5 lines
Light comb figure, then above-mentioned concentration waveform is generated with matlab simulation software.Simulation result diagram is as shown in Fig. 6-1,6-2,6-3.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping, which is characterized in that the device includes with the following group
At component:
1. flat frequency comb source: being required according to target waveform, generate the flat frequency comb of power, line width and line number of needs；
2. spectral shaper: being mainly used to separate each spectral line, then control the amplitude and phase of each spectral line；
3. photodetector: being primarily used to generate in electrical domain and the consistent microwave random waveform of spectral shape after shaping.
2. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The flat frequency comb source uses single double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder (DP-MZM), to each of optical frequency com
Spectral line carries out shaping, then progress spectral line separation first carries out amplitude and phase control.
3. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
The spectral line separation realizes that phase controlling uses fiber stretcher (FS) using Bragg grating (FBG), and amplitude control uses
Polarization Controller (PC) is realized.
4. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
In the DP-MZM, every height has independent RF signal input end mouth and direct current biasing input port.
5. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
Use radiofrequency signal for sinusoidal signal in the DP-MZM, laser source CW.
6. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The FBG is uniform period sinusoidal grating.
7. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The FS is winding made of optical fiber on piezoelectric ceramics (PZT).
8. a kind of optional waveform generator based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The polarization state of the PC has oval state and two, azimuth freedom degree.
9. a kind of random waveform method for generation based on frequency comb and frequency spectrum shaping, which is characterized in that this method includes following step
It is rapid:
1. generating the flat frequency comb of 5 lines based on double parallel MZ Mach-Zehnder (DP-MZM)；
2. calculating and being arranged fiber bragg grating parameter, obtains light wave and draw by Bragg grating (FBG) back reflection and transmission
The phase change risen；
3. being controlled by spectral shaper amplitude；
4. calculating the parameter of fiber stretcher FS；
5. amplitude is arranged according to the Fourier transformation of required waveform, phase regulates and controls parameter, waveform signal required for generating.
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