CN109714745A - Transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission system - Google Patents
Transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109714745A CN109714745A CN201910187510.7A CN201910187510A CN109714745A CN 109714745 A CN109714745 A CN 109714745A CN 201910187510 A CN201910187510 A CN 201910187510A CN 109714745 A CN109714745 A CN 109714745A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission systems, including central server and several first layer data acquisition units, several first layer data acquisition units are cascaded structure, are communicated to connect between consecutive first layer data acquisition unit by first kind transport protocol and/or the second class transport protocol；The endpoint node of the first layer data acquisition unit is connect by third class transport protocol with central server；Each first layer data acquisition unit is connected separately with several second layer data acquisition units by the 4th class transport protocol；The first kind transport protocol is remote, big data quantity transport protocol, and the second class transport protocol is low-power consumption, small data quantity transport protocol, and third class transport protocol is Internet of Things communication protocol, and the 4th class transport protocol is near field communication protocols.This system can be constructed for the network in no cellular mo-bile data network area transmission data, can obtain highest data transmission efficiency with minimum energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power data acquisition field, especially a kind of transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission system.
Background technique
In power transmission network corridor area, especially in mountain area, hilly country, there is no 4G signal, or even there is no 3G/2G signal.With
It can not send back in the collected data of optics transient state platform institute of monitoring power transmission line environmental data.For such situation, I
Need to construct the system of a set of ad hoc network, can allow the numbers of the various sensing modules of the collected data of platform and platform periphery
According to transferring data to central server by the network of component.And then the Internet of Things ecosystem is built out, it is formed complete defeated
Electric network data chain.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of transmission line of electricity monitoring data transmission
System.To build out the network for being used for transmission data in transmission of electricity thread environment, to solve on mountain area, hills etc. without the mobile number of honeycomb
According to network area transmissions to transmission of electricity thread environment monitoring data the problem of.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission system, including central server and several first layer data acquisition units, it is described
Several first layer data acquisition units are cascaded structure, pass through first kind transport protocol between consecutive first layer data acquisition unit
And/or second class transport protocol communication connection；The endpoint node of the first layer data acquisition unit passes through third class transmission association
View is connect with central server；Each first layer data acquisition unit is connected separately with several second layers by the 4th class transport protocol
Data acquisition unit；Data collected are sent to its company for acquiring data by the second layer data acquisition unit
The first layer data acquisition unit connect；The first kind transport protocol is remote, big data quantity transport protocol, the transmission of the second class
Agreement is low-power consumption, small data quantity transport protocol, and third class transport protocol is Internet of Things communication protocol, the 4th class transmission association
View is near field communication protocols；Each first layer data acquisition unit, the second layer data acquisition unit based on its connection are sent out
The attribute information for the data sent is automatically selected using first kind transport protocol or the second class transport protocol, to consecutive first layer number
Data are transmitted according to acquisition unit.
By constructing system of the invention, can construct in no cellular mo-bile data network area transmission data
Network, meanwhile, the framework of this system may insure that data summarization to the logic of corresponding node, is summarized step by step；System network
Transport protocol of the network between each level is different, on the one hand, for the different classes of of the data transmitted, sets different transmission associations
View, it can be ensured that transmission link guarantees the efficiency and compatibility of transmission to transmission device/transmission data specific aim, separately
On the one hand, the transport protocol that different data acquisition/transmission device is supported also is allowed for, it is ensured that system routinely sets market
Standby compatibility, convenient for construction and maintenance.Attribute based on the data transmitted, switches between preset protocol automatically, with
Ensure that transmission mode has more specific aim, data transmission is made to meet corresponding require.
Further, each above-mentioned described first layer data acquisition unit, the second layer data acquisition based on its connection
The attribute information of data transmitted by unit is automatically selected using first kind transport protocol or the second class transport protocol, Xiang Xianglin
First layer data acquisition unit transmits data specifically: transmits data needed for each described first layer data acquisition unit judgement
Scheduled item data target whether reach required standard, if so, using first kind transport protocol transmit data, otherwise, use
Second class transport protocol transmits data.
Based on data transfer demands, adaptive switching is carried out to transmission link, on the one hand, chain can be timely responded to
While the demand of road, on the other hand the overstocked and transmission delay for avoiding data can be such that system transfers with lowest power consumption
At all data.
Further, by default, first layer data acquisition unit keeps first kind transport protocol to close to system, the
Two class transport protocols are opened.
System default state is arranged under low power consumpting state, is only just opening high power consumption state whenever necessary, can make
System is maintained at for a long time under a low power consumpting state, and then achievees the effect that reduce equipment energy consumption.
Further, above-mentioned first kind transport protocol is WiFi agreement, and the second class transport protocol is LoRa transport protocol.
WiFi agreement and LoRa transport protocol can provide support for the remote construction of first layer data acquisition unit, together
When, the two is more convenient on the net in the configuration of system parameter, the group of equipment, and equipment purchase and construction cost are low, and the two exists
Freedom degree is high in switching, without complicated switching flow, it can be ensured that the high efficiency of switching and the low-power consumption of switching.
Further, for each first layer data acquisition unit, all second layer data acquisition units of connection
Structure the data acquisition of establishment is completed for the near field communication protocols classification supported according to second layer data acquisition unit
Network.
After second layer data acquisition unit is carried out adaptive network building, then it is linked into first layer data acquisition unit
In, it realizes after second layer data acquisition unit is by data summarization collected, then pass to first layer data acquisition unit, phase
The mode direct-connected compared with the two, can be greatly reduced the requirement of number of structures, while reduce first layer data acquisition unit difference
It receives the calculation amount of data and receives time-consuming, improve data transfer efficiency, reduction data transmission delay reduces data and transmits function
Consumption.By way of summarizing transmitting, first layer data transmission unit can also be made efficiently to utilize the transmission link of high power consumption.
Further, above-mentioned near field communication protocols include bluetooth, ZigBee and radio frequency three classes.
Above-mentioned three classes near field communication protocols, which can be compatible with, counts greatly absolutely the existing equipment for supporting near-field communication.Concurrently set support
Three kinds of agreements, can make system have powerful compatibility, and then the buying, construction and maintenance cost of system is effectively reduced.Together
When, above-mentioned three kinds of protocol devices are provided with ad hoc capability, and equipment component is also equipped with automatic recovery ability, it can be ensured that system Construction
Agility and work when stability.
Further, the second layer data acquisition unit of the Bluetooth protocol is supported to be divided into ordinary node, relay node, friend
Four class of friendly node and low power consumption node, wherein low power consumption node and the mating appearance of friend's node, under low power consumption node default conditions
Lock dormant state out, corresponding friend's node are used to be its temporary news.
Which may make second layer data acquisition unit to be in a low power consumpting state, guarantee the effective of data acquisition
Property in the case where, reduce system operating power consumption.
Further, the data acquisition network of the second layer data acquisition unit institute component of above-mentioned support Bluetooth protocol is
Mesh network topological structure.
Mesh network topological structure can be such that the repeater span between node is effectively extended, so that data acquisition network
Network can collect wider array of data, can build less equipment to cover wider array of region.Meanwhile mesh network structural network
Data can be transmitted for node and multiple choices are provided, can data in an efficient way congestion, reduce the delay of data transmission, improve and pass
Defeated efficiency.
Further, the second layer data acquisition unit of Zigbee protocol is supported to be divided into ordinary node, routing node, gateway
Node, four class of relay node.
Which can make second layer data acquisition unit complete ad hoc network by relay node, be connected by gateway node
It is connected at the same level or upper network, effective transmitting of data is completed by routing node.
Further, the data acquisition network of the second layer data acquisition unit institute component of above-mentioned support Zigbee protocol
For tree topology.
The ZigBee sub-network of tree can complete the ad hoc network between each node by trunking scheme, it is ensured that each section
Effective connection is kept between point, improves the stability of system operation.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention is by way of wireless networking, for mountain area, hilly country etc. without cellular mo-bile data network area, with
Low-power consumption, high efficiency, the scheme of high stability, complete the transmission of data.
2, the present invention is directed to different data transmission links, selects corresponding agreement, can be improved for equipment and data
Specific aim, and then improve data transfer efficiency.Also, pass through adaptively the cutting to communication link (agreement) based on data volume
It changes, can agree the power consumption that can reduce system to the greatest extent in the case where guaranteeing data transmission timeliness, that is, consume least energy consumption and reach
Highest efficiency of transmission.
3, the present invention supports multiple terminal communication protocol (near-field communication), can support multiple terminal acquisition equipment (sensing
Device), in the case where ensuring that system has highly compatible, so that buying, construction and maintenance cost are lower.Meanwhile being supported
Plurality of devices has ad hoc network and self-reparing capability, and network construction efficiency can be improved, and improves the stability of system work.
4, the structure of the network of present system can effectively extend the repeater span of each data acquisition node, Jin Eryan
Data acquisition link is grown, so that system covers most wide region with least retrieval cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission system structure chart.
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of bluetooth class data acquisition network.
Fig. 3 is one embodiment of ZigBee class data acquisition network.
In figure, 10 be central server, and 20 be first layer data acquisition unit, and 301-303 is respectively to support different near fields
The sub-network that the second layer data acquisition unit of communication protocol is set up, biography of the 2-3 between consecutive first layer data acquisition unit
Defeated agreement, transport protocol of the 1-2 between end first layer data acquisition unit and central server.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract), unless specifically stated,
It is replaced by other equivalent or with similar purpose alternative features.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is a series of
An example in equivalent or similar characteristics.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission system, which includes central server
With several first layer data acquisition units, several first layer data acquisition units are cascaded structure, consecutive first layer data
It is communicated to connect between acquisition unit by first kind transport protocol and/or the second class transport protocol, the first layer data acquisition is single
The endpoint node of member is connect by third class transport protocol with central server；Each first layer data acquisition unit passes through the 4th class
Transport protocol is connected separately with several second layer data acquisition units (second number of plies that each first layer data acquisition unit is connected
According to the quantity of acquisition unit, there may be differences)；The second layer data acquisition unit is used to acquire data, and will be collected
Data are sent to its first layer data acquisition unit connected；The first kind transport protocol is remote, big data quantity biography
Defeated agreement, the second class transport protocol are low-power consumption, small data quantity transport protocol, and third class transport protocol is Internet of Things communication protocols
View, the 4th class transport protocol are near field communication protocols；Each first layer data acquisition unit, second based on its connection
The attribute information of data transmitted by layer data acquisition unit is automatically selected using first kind transport protocol or the second class transmission association
View transmits data to consecutive first layer data acquisition unit.The attribute information of data includes but is not limited to data volume size, data
Quality (signal-to-noise ratio, there is N/D etc.), transmission range, delay requirement, transmission realize requirement, data format, channel disturbance intensity,
Channel quality etc..
In above system, each so-called first layer data acquisition unit, the second layer data acquisition based on its connection
The attribute information of data transmitted by unit is automatically selected using first kind transport protocol or the second class transport protocol, Xiang Xianglin
First layer data acquisition unit transmits data specifically: the predetermined item number of transmission data needed for the judgement of first layer data acquisition unit
Whether reach required standard according to index, if so, transmitting data using first kind transport protocol, otherwise, is transmitted using the second class
Agreement transmits data.In one embodiment, so-called scheduled item data target is data volume size, data format, data letter
Make an uproar ratio, transmission range or scheduled transmission time limit require in one or more (be also possible to the pact in other attribute informations
Beam condition).It in a specific embodiment, is when the data volume of required transmission data reaches predetermined threshold, using the first kind
Transport protocol transmits data, otherwise, transmits data using the second class transport protocol.By default, the first layer data acquires
Unit keeps first kind transport protocol to close, and the second class transport protocol is opened.For using data volume size as index, shape is defaulted
Under state, first layer data acquisition unit transmits data using the second class transport protocol, in this way, entire Link Control data is (containing letter
Number) can be transmitted in the signal link of low speed, it keeps normal signal to shake hands state, achievees the purpose that low-power consumption, to be transmitted
Data volume larger (reaching predetermined threshold) when, shaken hands by the second class transport protocol, open first kind transport protocol, carry out
The data of big data quantity are transmitted, and after big data end of transmission, close first kind transport protocol (i.e. disconnection first kind transport protocol
Connection), be restored to the second class transport protocol and shake hands state.The purpose done so is just in no mass data, the first kind
Transport protocol default is closed, and is achieved the effect that power saving, is saved power consumption, the just unlatching first kind when have mass data to need to transmit when
Transport protocol can thus reduce the power consumption of whole system to greatest extent.
In one embodiment, first kind transport protocol is WiFi agreement, and the second class transport protocol is LoRa transport protocol.
The former has the characteristics that super remote transmission range, high-power, big data quantity, multinode, large capacity networking, and the latter has super teletransmission defeated
The characteristics of distance, low-power consumption, multinode, large capacity networking.
In one embodiment, LoRa module (communication module for supporting LoRa transport protocol) selects AUGTEK AUG-
KL8A/P LoRa wireless communication module or the SX126X series LoRa chip of Semtech company, concrete property are not done herein
It introduces.The former copes with the low demand of development difficulty, and the latter is directed to networking and low-power consumption demand.WiFi module (supports WiFi agreement
Communication module) select the high-power WIFI mould group of Skylab SKW77.
In above system, between first layer data acquisition unit and second layer data acquisition unit, pass through the near field of low-power consumption
Communication protocol connection.For each first layer data acquisition unit, the knot of all second layer data acquisition units of connection
The data acquisition network of establishment is completed for the near field communication protocols classification supported according to second layer data acquisition unit in structure.
I.e. each second layer data acquisition unit itself is completed corresponding different according to the specific category for the near field communication protocols that itself is supported
After the establishment of the data acquisition network of near field communication protocols, it is integrally constructed as data acquisition network, then is linked into first number of plies
According to acquisition unit.I.e. second layer data acquisition unit is not each connected to first layer data acquisition unit, but in group
After part is at data acquisition network, then by network insertion to first layer data acquisition unit.Such as second layer data acquisition unit group
After building up data acquisition network, first layer data acquisition unit is connected by gateway node.
Embodiment two
By taking the second layer data acquisition unit that a first layer data acquisition unit is connected as an example, present embodiment discloses each
Networking mode between Layer 2 data acquisition unit: it will support the second layer data acquisition unit of same class near field communication protocols, match
It is set to ordinary node, relay node (relay node), gateway node (gateway node), routing node (router
Node), one of friend's node (friend node) or low power consumption node (Low power node, LP node) or a variety of
Nodal community is supported the second layer data acquisition unit of same class near field communication protocols according to the nodal community being configured, is completed
The establishment of this class (the near field communication protocols class supported) data acquisition network.
In one embodiment, each first layer data acquisition unit, which is connected with, supports bluetooth (Bluetooth), radio frequency (RF)
With the second layer data acquisition unit of ZigBee three classes near field communication protocols.Wherein, it is single to support that the second layer data of bluetooth acquires
Member is configured as ordinary node, four class of relay node, friend's node and low power consumption node, i.e. second layer data acquisition unit is matched
One of support relaying, friend or low-power consumption or a variety of additional features are set, each node passes through the pact configured under application scenarios
Beam condition establishes connection in networking between adjacent node automatically, completes the networking of bluetooth class data acquisition network.Usually
, the framework of sub-network uses mesh network (Mesh) topological structure of multi-to-multi.In sub-network, low power consumption node and friend's node
Mating appearance goes out lock dormant state under low power consumption node default conditions, that is, means that it can not receive and send in network
Message, friend's node can help its matched low power consumption node temporary news, when low power consumption node needs message, Xiang Pengyou
Node hair request, to inquire with the presence or absence of " waiting message " (i.e. temporary message), if so, friend's node will
One rule issues low power consumption node.
The process that connection is established between low power consumption node and friend's node is as follows: low power consumption node issues one " good friend's request "
(Friend Request) message.The message will not be relayed, therefore good friend's node only in direct a-n radio range a-n
The message could be handled.Node without " friend " characteristic can abandon message.If neighbouring friend's node supports that " good friend asks
Ask " it specifically requires in message, " Friend Offer " message will be prepared, and send back to low power consumption node.Low function
Consumption node is when receiving " Friend Offer " message, by the algorithm of pre-configuration (active arrangement, not according to usage scenario
Together, determined by product developer) the suitable good friend's node of selection.Later, low power consumption node will send one to friend's node
" Friend Poll " polling message, friend's node can reply " Friend Update " update message, complete " good friend " and build
Vertical process simultaneously provides security parameter, and so far connection relationship is established.
As shown in Fig. 2, being one embodiment of bluetooth mesh network networking, figure interior joint T transmits message to the process of node L
As follows: node S forwards the message of ordinary node T to help low power consumption node L to friend node O, friend's node O as relay node
Temporary news, when node L needs message data, node O posts messages to node L again.
The framework of bluetooth class data acquisition network is as follows:
1. bearing bed (Bearer Layer)
Bearing bed (Bearer Layer) defines how each node of mesh network transmits internet message.Define two kinds of loading sides
Formula: broadcast (advertising bearer) and GATT bearer carrying.
1.1 broadcast (Advertising Bearer) utilize be BLE GAP broadcast packet advertising and
The function of scanning receives the message of Mesh to transmit.
1.2The GATT carrying allows the equipment for not supporting broadcast bearer indirectly to be communicated with mesh node.Make
With agency agreement (Proxy Protocol).Agency agreement is packaged in inside GATT, can use the GATT feature especially defined.
The relay node i.e. agent node for supporting Trunk Characteristics, because two kinds of bearing beds can be supported simultaneously, it is possible to as
The intermediate bridge of mesh node and non-mesh node.
2. network layer (Network Layer): network layer defines several things, and one is to define multiple network address
Type, the content about netted net address.Second is that defining the format of network layer, transport layer (Transport layer) is got through
With bearing bed (Bearer layer)；Third is that defining some input and output filters, determine which message needs to forward, handles
Or refuse.Fourth is that defining the encryption and certification of internet message.
3. bottom transport layer (Lower Transport Layer): the packet of too long of transport layer being splitted into several and is given
Network layer, the PDU of one long transport layer of packet recomposition of short network layer.
4. upper transmission layer (Upper Transport Layer): upper transmission layer is mainly responsible for encrypting, and exposes and answers
Use data grant.The safety of message and confidentiality be exactly have this layer it is responsible.There are also be exactly can define between some nodes
Some sessions of this layer, such as Friend function, heartbeat packet (Heartbeats).
5. access layer (Access Layer): access layer defines the data of application layer, how to control and use encryption and
Decryption.Verify the context of message, password etc..
Model layers of basis 6. (Foundation Models Layer): being responsible for realization and the mesh network network of basic model
Configuration and management.
In bluetooth class data acquisition network, pass through the Model Transfer message of " publish/subscribe ".Generate the node meeting of message
It gives out information.The node for needing to receive message can subscribe to address needed for them.Message can be released to unicast, group or virtual
Address.Message can be used as the reply to other message and send, and can also be used as unsolicited message and is sent.When model is sent
When replying message, message is used to originate the source address at place as destination address.When sending unsolicited message, model will use model
Publication address as destination address.Each model in node has a publication address.When receiving message, model in node
Each example in (there may be multiple models in node) can be by subscribing manner from one or more groups or virtually
Location receives message.The model for subscribing to message defines the effective address for receiving message using the subscription list of model.Work as mould
When type receives message, model will check its subscription list.When the address on subscription list with being set as the element unicast of model
Location or when belonging to the fixed group address of the node, then be considered as a matching.
In a specific embodiment, the processing chip of the second layer data acquisition unit of bluetooth is supported to select
SILICON EFR32BG series.It supports bluetooth 5.0.
Further more, the second layer data acquisition unit of ZigBee is supported to be configured as ordinary node, routing node, gateway section
Point, four class of relay node, i.e. second layer data acquisition unit are configured to support one of relaying, routing or gateway or a variety of volumes
External characteristics, complete ZigBee class data acquisition network networking (ZigBee itself has ad hoc network and self-reparing capability, according to
Characteristic set by each node can be automatically performed the establishment and reparation of sub-network between node).ZigBee-network supports tree-shaped, net
The overlength distance transmission group net of shape and netted web frame, and have powerful self-reparing capability.As shown in figure 3, being ZigBee class
One embodiment of data acquisition network organizing, wherein if the signal of host H to slave S are unreachable, in being added
Signal forwarding is carried out after node.
In ZigBee class data acquisition network, low power consumption characteristic is that (can have several grades, example for sleep state
Such as cause the AW516x of remote electronics that there is deep power down mode, electric current is up to 160nA, turnaround time 3.8ms).
The network architecture of ZigBee class data acquisition network is as follows:
1. network layer
The major function of network layer is proper use of media access control sublayer, and provides suitable interface for next upper layer, that is, application layer.Its
Ability and structure are usually associated with these network layers, including routing.The function of network layer with sound just the same.It is handled
Network function such as connects, disconnects and establish network.It will add a network, distribute address, and add/delete and is certain
Equipment.This figure layer uses star, grid and tree topology.It is added to an interface for application layer.
On the one hand, data entity creates from the payload of application layer and manages network layer data units, and according to current
Topological structure executes routing.On the other hand, there are also layer controls, and for handling the configuration of new equipment and establishing new network: it can
Show new neighbor and router to determine whether neighbouring device belongs to network concurrent.The controller can also detect depositing for receiver
To allow direct communication synchronous with MAC.
The Routing Protocol that network layer uses is AODV, it has and Associativity-based Routing (ABR)
Similar characteristic.Different from AODV, ABR is the patent Routing Protocol in univ cambridge uk's invention in 1994.AODV is IETF
Working draft, it be consistently added to it is various suggestion and source functions.In AODV, set to find destination
Standby, AODV broadcasts out a route requests to all neighbours.Then request is broadcast to neighbours and continued forward, until arriving by neighbours
Up to destination.Once arriving at the destination, the routing answer by unicast transmission is sent the minimum path of source cost by it.It is this
The method of route discovery and those route discoveries similar routing based on relevance completely, in addition to using ABR without using sequence number
Or distance vector.Once source receives reply, it just will be updated the destination address of path next-hop and path in its routing table and opens
Pin.
2. application layer: application layer is the top of specification definition, is the valid interface of Zigbee system Yu its end user.
It is made of most of component of Zigbee specification addition: the application program pair that ZDO and its management program and manufacturer define
A part as being considered as this layer.This layer of binding table sends message between the equipment of binding, manages group address, again group
Dress data packet simultaneously transmits data.It is responsible for Zigbee device configuration file and provides service.
3.MAC layers, physical layer: it is responsible for providing reliable communicating between a node and its adjacent node, help to avoid
It collides and improves efficiency and be responsible for being packaged and decomposition data packet and frame.
In a ZigBee sub-network, only coordinator (coordinator) equipment can establish network, establish net
During network, network request is established in the application layer sending of coordinator unit first, after network layer receives, it is desirable to which MAC layer executes
Channel energy scanning (provides in IEEEE802.15.4 agreement, in 2.4G frequency range, shares 16 channels, the bandwidth of each channel
For 5M).Channel of the channel energy lower than setting energy value is found, and marking these channels is available channel, is just existed in next step
Activity condition scanning is executed in available channel, is exactly to search zigbeee equipment in acceptable channel, is found a best letter
Road, by record as a result, one channel of selection, the channel are set there are least zigbee network preferably without zigbee
It is standby.
After establishing network, the net of coordinator foundation can be added in router device or terminal device (end device)
Network is exactly that equipment to be added initiates that network is added, an equipment is added by association (association) mode；I.e. two
Equipment room constitutes the relationship of sub- equipment and parent device undetermined.
For sub- equipment, equipment sub- first sets the time of channel and each scan channel to be scanned, and network layer is received
After arriving, MAC layer execution will be required to be passively or actively scanning.Specifically being sent to outside equipment is a beacon request frame,
When the equipment in this channel receives the frame, it will send beacon frame, this is the MAC layer that sub- equipment informs the equipment, should
Whether beacon frame contains the address information for sending the frame, and other equipment is allowed to be added in a manner of its child node.To
The equipment of addition will check whether beacon Frame Protocol ID is zigbee ID in network layer.If it is not, will ignore；
If so, duplication is received the relevant information of each beacon frame into its contingency table by the equipment.It is swept once MAC layer completes
It retouches, informing network layer, network layer will send and inform application layer.After application layer receives this, application layer will according to circumstances or again
It is required that scanning, or select found network to be added from contingency table.If can not find suitable quasi- father's section in contingency table
Point will inform application layer, if can satisfy requirement by multiple equipment, will choose the minimum equipment of coordinator node depth,
If there is the depth of several equipment is identical, and all it is minimum-depth, will therefrom randomly chooses one.Once potential father node is true
Fixed, network layer will call MLME-ASSOCIATE.request primitive to MAC layer.If be added successfully, what network layer received
MLME-ASSOCIATE.confirm primitive will contain the unique logical address of the equipment available 16.It joined network
Equipment carries out transmission data, firstly, application layer is packed by a frame data, then calls the primitive of network layer, and in network layer
According to the configuration of agreement, in addition frame head, if it is considered that security mechanism, will also do safe handling.As long as equipment does not send data,
It may be at received state, it, will be the transmission of the frame data frame head as long as receiving a frame data in the case where receiving enabled
Radius subtracts one.If the value is zero, it will not be transferred to next equipment again, which will be sent to application layer, or in net
Network layers do specific processing.Data frame, if destination address is the receiving device, it will application layer is sent to, if it is broadcast
Data frame can also be sent to application layer, and also will continue to travel to other equipment.If being just coordinator in received equipment
Or router device, and routing has been enabled, if the data destination address received is not the equipment, the frame will be relayed
Data are to other equipment.
Sub-network distribution and data exchange flow process are as follows: parent device establishes the sub- equipment of network-and network-data exchange is added.
TI-Sub is selected in one embodiment for radio-frequency module (communication module for supporting RF transmission protocol)
CC1312R chip.It has the characteristics that super low-power consumption, Software Protocol Stack are wide.
In this way, data acquisition network is configured to support the framework of multiple transport protocols, the group of various ways can be formed
Web form, compatibility are strong.Also, during subsequent expansion, for general data collection station sensor, can directly it connect
Enter into network, without carrying out any transformation to existing network, the access way of a variety of pairs of external equipments is provided, so that equipment
Network access mode it is simpler, quick, subsequent adaptation cost is lower.Meanwhile because supporting multiple transport protocols, as second number of plies
According to the node of acquisition unit by configuring corresponding characteristic (as relayed), and node Ad Hoc network mode is opened, node can be completed
Between ad hoc network.As shown in Fig. 2, under adhoc mode, host can select automatically in star-like ZigBee data acquisition network
It selects the PANID being around not used and channel number forms an independent network, and a unique sheet can be distributed automatically
Ground network address to slave, slave using when after enabling ad hoc network function there is no need to carry out any configuration operation, from
Machine can be communicated after joining the network with host.When unreachable for slave signal, host Automatic-searching relay node is built
The transmission link between slave is stood on, the selfreparing of network is completed.I.e. no matter second layer data acquisition unit the first layer data of distance
Acquisition unit is remote or close, and the transport protocol for the adjustment physical layer that module can be adaptive is directly or indirectly accessible to log equipment,
Adaptive access carries out networking to network.
For second layer data acquisition unit, networking mode can be customized.Such as netted web frame or star-like knot hereinbefore
Structure.In one embodiment, by configuring Trunk Characteristics for node, data acquisition network is configured to tree topology.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment discloses a kind of transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission systems comprising central server and several first numbers of plies
According to acquisition unit, several first layer data acquisition units are cascaded structure, are passed through between consecutive first layer data acquisition unit
WiFi agreement or the communication connection of LoRa transport protocol；The endpoint node of first layer data acquisition unit is assisted by 4G or Ethernet
View is connect with central server；If each first layer data acquisition unit is connected separately with by bluetooth, ZigBee or radio frequency protocol
Do the sensor for acquiring data.
In a specific embodiment, first layer data acquisition unit total amount is no more than 5.To control big data more
Signal-to-noise ratio after grade relaying, prevents the data distortion of acquisition.
The second layer data acquisition unit selects optical sensor in one embodiment.Implement in another kind
In mode, all kinds of (corresponding to different near field communication protocols) low-power consumption sensors are selected, also to further decrease system energy consumption.
Data collected include but is not limited to environmental data and operating state data.
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of transmission line of electricity monitoring data Transmission system, which is characterized in that the system comprises central servers and several
One layer data acquisition unit, several first layer data acquisition units are cascaded structure, consecutive first layer data acquisition unit
Between communicated to connect by first kind transport protocol and/or the second class transport protocol；The end of the first layer data acquisition unit
Node is connect by third class transport protocol with central server；Each first layer data acquisition unit passes through the 4th class transport protocol
It is connected separately with several second layer data acquisition units；The second layer data acquisition unit will be adopted for acquiring data
The data of collection are sent to its first layer data acquisition unit connected；The first kind transport protocol is remote, big data
Transport protocol is measured, the second class transport protocol is low-power consumption, small data quantity transport protocol, and third class transport protocol is Internet of Things Network Communication
Agreement, the 4th class transport protocol are near field communication protocols；Each described first layer data acquisition unit, based on its connection
Second layer data acquisition unit transmitted by data attribute information, automatically select using first kind transport protocol or the second class
Transport protocol transmits data to consecutive first layer data acquisition unit.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that each described described first layer data acquisition unit is based on
The attribute information of data transmitted by its second layer data acquisition unit connected, automatically select using first kind transport protocol or
Second class transport protocol transmits data to consecutive first layer data acquisition unit specifically: each described first layer data is adopted
Whether the scheduled item data target of transmission data needed for collection unit judges reaches required standard, if so, being transmitted using the first kind
Agreement transmits data, otherwise, transmits data using the second class transport protocol.
3. system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that system by default, protect by first layer data acquisition unit
The closing of first kind transport protocol is held, the second class transport protocol is opened.
4. system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the first kind transport protocol is WiFi agreement, and the second class passes
Defeated agreement is LoRa transport protocol.
5. the system as described in one of claim 1-4, which is characterized in that it is directed to each first layer data acquisition unit,
The structure of all second layer data acquisition units of connection, for the near-field communication association supported according to second layer data acquisition unit
Classification is discussed, the data acquisition network of establishment is completed.
6. system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the near field communication protocols include bluetooth, ZigBee and radio frequency
Three classes.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that support the second layer data acquisition unit point of the Bluetooth protocol
For ordinary node, four class of relay node, friend's node and low power consumption node, wherein low power consumption node and friend's node are with extracting
It is existing, lock dormant state is gone out under low power consumption node default conditions, corresponding friend's node is used to be its temporary news.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the second layer data acquisition unit institute for supporting Bluetooth protocol
The data acquisition network of component is mesh network topological structure.
9. system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that support the second layer data acquisition unit of the Zigbee protocol
It is divided into ordinary node, routing node, gateway node, four class of relay node.
10. system as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that second layer data for supporting Zigbee protocol acquires single
The data acquisition network of first institute's component is tree topology.
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