CN109363644A - A kind of detection system for differentiating photoacoustic imaging based on coaxial time domain - Google Patents
A kind of detection system for differentiating photoacoustic imaging based on coaxial time domain Download PDFInfo
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- CN109363644A CN109363644A CN201811268174.0A CN201811268174A CN109363644A CN 109363644 A CN109363644 A CN 109363644A CN 201811268174 A CN201811268174 A CN 201811268174A CN 109363644 A CN109363644 A CN 109363644A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0093—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy
- A61B5/0095—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/02007—Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection systems that photoacoustic imaging is differentiated based on coaxial time domain, which includes master controller, scanning head, three-D electric platform and accessory.The invention has the advantages that emitted using coaxial laser and ultrasonic reception optical path, being overlapped and with the excitation solid angle excitation on vertex and receiving solid angle and receive for optical focus and acoustic focus is realized, measurement error can be reduced；Using intravascular blood flow optoacoustic echo as spatial analysis benchmark, the analysis of optoacoustic echo-signal is differentiated using time domain, the corresponding optoacoustic echo-signal of the blood flow passed through in synchronization quill path, internal blood vessel tissue, each layer material of vascular wall can be analyzed, it can be achieved that detection while optoacoustic is to the external morphology and interior tissue fractions distribution of blood vessel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of human vas detection system more particularly to a kind of photoacoustic imaging is differentiated based on coaxial time domain
Detection system belongs to field of photodetection suitable for the detection of human body arteriovenous inside and outside three-dimensional structure.
Background technique
Angiography is a kind of auxiliary examination technology for being monitored to vascular health situation, is commonly used to clinical each
In the Clinics and Practices of kind disease, facilitates doctor and find the state of an illness in time, control disease progression, effectively improve patient's
Survival rate.Angiography belongs to intervention detection method, it need to inject developer in the blood vessel of examinee, because X-ray can not be worn
Saturating developer, angiography can accurately reflect position and the degree of vascular lesion.But angiography is answered in clinical practice
Also there are many insufficient in.For example, it is only able to display the case where lumen, the tube wall and atheromatous plaque being unable to where lesions showed,
The details of atheromatous plaque form and property cannot be provided, it is possible to doctor be made to underestimate the degree of coronary stenosis.In order to detect
The case where internal blood vessel, the new technologies such as intravascular ultrasound are developed.Intravascular ultrasound is by miniature ultrasonic probe by leading
Pipe is led into intravascular and is detected, then the subtle dissection letter such as endovascular geometric shape and structure is shown through electronic imaging system
Breath.The probe of intravascular ultrasound is to be placed directly within Endovascular detection, therefore the technology not only can accurately measure lumen, athero- spot
The substantially organizational information of atheromatous plaque and fibrous plaque can also be provided in the size of block and fibrous plaque, in display because of cardiovascular disease
Radiography is substantially better than when intravascular complex lesions form caused by disease or interventional therapy etc..
Although intravascular ultrasound technology can carry out the detection of internal blood vessel form, since it all belongs to as angiography
In intervention detect, under topical anesthesia probe be inserted into blood vessel, there are many blood vessels detection blind area and may
Cause the adverse side effect to person to be checked.Therefore, the vascular health monitoring technology of non-intervention type has huge demand and market
Prospect.
Photoacoustic imaging (Photoacoustic Imaging, PAI) is a kind of non-invasive developed in recent years and non-
The new bio medical imaging procedure of ionization type, can be to avoid the insertion types detection method such as intravascular ultrasound the problem of.Its principle
It is when pulsed laser irradiation is into biological tissue, the light absorption domain of tissue will generate ultrasonic signal, and this excited by light generates
Ultrasonic signal be photoacoustic signal.The photoacoustic signal that biological tissue generates carries the light absorption characteristics information of tissue, passes through spy
The light absorption distributed image in tissue can be reconstructed by surveying photoacoustic signal.Vascular distribution detection may be implemented in photoacoustic imaging technology, i.e.,
External morphology detection, but carrying out detection to the external morphology of blood vessel and interior tissue fractions distribution simultaneously is a difficulty to be captured
Topic.
Summary of the invention
For the problem that external morphology and interior tissue fractions distribution of above photoacoustic technique to blood vessel detect simultaneously, originally
Invention provides a kind of detection system and method that photoacoustic imaging is differentiated based on coaxial time domain, is emitted using coaxial laser and ultrasound connects
Optical path is received, by differentiating the analysis of optoacoustic echo-signal by time domain using intravascular blood flow optoacoustic echo as spatial analysis benchmark,
The blood flow passed through in synchronization quill path, internal blood vessel tissue, vascular wall, which can be analyzed, in single scanning element is respectively layered object
The corresponding optoacoustic echo-signal of matter, to realize optoacoustic to the external morphology and interior tissue fractions distribution of blood vessel while visit
It surveys.
The present invention is achieved like this:
Human vas detection system proposed by the present invention based on Laser Photoacoustic, mainly by master controller, scanning head, three
Tie up electric platforms and accessory composition；
Wherein, accessory includes cascade amplifier, detector circuit, laser controller, data acquisition card, three-dimensional electricity
Machine controller and three-dimensional stepper motor；
There are optical sound head, reflecting mirror with holes, laser, laser beam expanding lens, ratio light splitting piece, photoelectricity to visit in scanning head
Survey device, ultrasonic probe, laser cable, detector cable and ultrasonic cable；It is provided with window on scanning head, facilitates laser
Cable, detector cable and ultrasonic cable are pierced by scanning head, and respectively with laser controller, detector circuit and cascade
Amplifier is connected；Optical sound head is made of the plano-convex focus lamp and ultrasonic lens coaxially assembled, based on the central axis of the two is equal
Axis, plano-convex focus lamp are provided with center hole, and ultrasonic lens is coaxially embedded in and fits into center hole, and the optics of plano-convex focus lamp is burnt
The acoustic focus of point and ultrasonic lens coincides with focus point；Scanning head is assemblied on three-D electric platform, in three-dimensional stepping electricity
Three-dimensional motion is done under the drive of machine, three-dimensional stepper motor is accurately controlled by three-dimensional electric machine controller；
Laser controller starts by laser cable or closes laser, and the running parameter of settable laser；
Received light can be converted into electric signal by photodetector, sent by detector cable to detector circuit and amplified, amplification
Electric signal afterwards is sent as control signal to the triggering port of data acquisition card, is triggered enabling signal capture card and is carried out signal acquisition
Work；Received ultrasound transfer can be electric signal by ultrasonic probe, and sent by ultrasonic cable to cascade amplifier and carried out multistage
Series connection amplification, amplified signal send to data acquisition card and carry out signal sampling, and analog-to-digital conversion simultaneously send the master into master controller
Control software is analyzed；
Laser is divided into transmitted pulse light and reflection along the medium-frequency pulse laser that transmitting optical axis issues after ratio light splitting piece
Pulsed light two parts；Wherein reflected impulse light is advanced along monitoring optical axis, electric signal is received by a photoelectric detector and is converted into, through visiting
The amplification of device circuit is surveyed, is sent to the triggering port of data acquisition card；And transmitted pulse light continues to advance along transmitting optical axis, expands through laser
It after beam mirror beam-expanding collimation, then reflects through reflecting mirror with holes, is travelled downwardly along main shaft, focus on focus point through plano-convex focus lamp；It is poly-
The ultrasonic signal of focal point excitation is travelled upwardly along main shaft, and the through-hole of reflecting mirror with holes is passed through through the ultrasonic lens in center hole
It focuses on ultrasonic probe, ultrasound transfer is electric signal by ultrasonic probe, after the amplification of cascade amplifier multistage, until signal acquisition
Card；
For master controller for starting laser controller, the signal of reception data acquisition card output is simultaneously soft by internal master control
Part is analyzed；Master controller is also used to send three needed for control instruction and three-dimensional stepper motor to three-dimensional electric machine controller
The traveling step number in a direction；
Transmitting optical axis, monitoring optical axis, main shaft three are coplanar, and transmitting optical axis is parallel with main shaft, and vertical with monitoring optical axis；
Detection method includes the following steps for human vas proposed by the present invention based on Laser Photoacoustic:
(1) system initial alignment
Include in human body region to be measured the different tissues such as skin, subcutaneous tissue, vascular wall, atheromatous plaque, fluid flow blood and
Ingredient, by human vas detection system close to the starting blood flow position of the blood vessel to be detected in human body region to be measured；Master controller is given
Three-dimensional electric machine controller sends control instruction, and setting the direction z of three-dimensional stepper motor, (subcutaneous depth direction is z to along blood flow
Direction be x to the direction of, vertical blood flow be y to) traveling step number, drive the scanning head movement on three-D electric platform,
Optical sound head is set to be located substantially above skin one centimetre or so；Master controller starts laser controller, laser controller
Start laser according to the running parameter set；
(2) single-spot testing
Laser pulse portion of energy passes through ratio light splitting piece, reflects through reflecting mirror with holes, then focus on through plano-convex focus lamp
Focus point is formed using focus point as the excitation solid angle on vertex, which passes through different groups of different depth under skin
It knits, only the energy density of unit area is more than that optoacoustic generates those of threshold value organizing ability generation ultrasound echo signal；It is located at
It is focused to as the ultrasound echo signal of the reception solid angle on vertex through ultrasonic lens using focus point and is converted to telecommunications on ultrasonic probe
Number；Meanwhile laser pulse another part energy is reflected through ratio light splitting piece, is received by a photoelectric detector and is converted into telecommunications
Number, amplify through detector circuit, send to the triggering port of data acquisition card, instantaneous open signal capture card, at this point, ultrasonic probe
The electric signal of output is after the amplification of cascade amplifier multistage, until data acquisition card carries out high frequency sampling, analog-to-digital conversion is simultaneously sent to master
Main control software in controller is analyzed；
(3) acoustic fix ranging of time domain resolved light is analyzed
Under normal conditions, the pulsed laser energy in solid angle is excited successively to pass through subcutaneous tissue, vascular wall, athero- spot
Block, fluid flow blood, in the case where focusing good situation, the laser energy of the unit area of above four kinds of heterogeneities is up to optoacoustic
Threshold value will successively inspire subcutaneous tissue photoacoustic signal, vascular wall photoacoustic signal, atheromatous plaque photoacoustic signal, fluid flow blood light
Acoustical signal；The time domain that main control software in master controller receives is differentiated in photoacoustic signal, first in t1Reception is to intensity
For I1Time width is T1Subcutaneous tissue photoacoustic signal, then successively in t2Reception to intensity be I2Time width is T2's
Vascular wall photoacoustic signal, t3Reception to intensity be I3Time width is T3Atheromatous plaque photoacoustic signal, t4Reception arrives
Intensity is I4Time width is T4Fluid flow blood photoacoustic signal；
Wherein, the inverse of the time width of photoacoustic signal is 2 times for being approximately supersonic frequency, and different tissues ingredient is by laser
The supersonic frequency of excitation is different, identical structural constituent by the supersonic frequency of laser excitation be it is identical, therefore, according to the time
The measurement of width can determine whether structural constituent；The intensity of photoacoustic signal represents the size of structural constituent density, identical to be organized into
Point, the tissue density that photoacoustic signal represents more by force at this is bigger；
Define transmission time Δ t1=t2-t1；Δt2=t3-t2；Δt3=t4-t3；It is being organized with transmission time multiplied by sound
Transmission speed in ingredient can find out the thickness of the structural constituent；
(4) optoacoustic single-point vessel measurement
Main control software in master controller records the x coordinate of focus point at this time；Master controller gives three-dimensional electric machine controller
Control instruction is sent, three-dimensional stepper motor drives the scanning head on three-D electric platform along z-axis and y-axis moving sweep, meanwhile,
It repeats step (2) (3)；Main control software in master controller is constantly analyzed, until reaching peak, at this point, focus point is blood
The y and z coordinate of focus point are recorded in liquid concentration highest point；With Δ t3The athero- of focal spot main shaft process is obtained multiplied by the velocity of sound
The thickness of patch, according to I3The density for recording atheromatous plaque, with Δ t2The vascular wall of focal point main shaft process is obtained multiplied by the velocity of sound
Thickness, according to I2Record the density of vascular wall；
(5) optoacoustic vascular three-dimensional reconstruction
Master controller sends control instruction to three-dimensional electric machine controller, and three-dimensional stepper motor drives on three-D electric platform
Scanning head is repeated step (4), is obtained under the Blood Center point coordinate and the coordinate of second point along one step-length of x-axis stepping
The thickness and density of corresponding atheromatous plaque, the thickness and density of vascular wall；Then, scanning head walks for stepping one again along x-axis
It is long, obtain the thickness and density of corresponding atheromatous plaque under the Blood Center point coordinate and the coordinate of third point, vascular wall
Thickness and density；Similarly, constantly complete the 4th point, the 5th point ..., the Blood Center point coordinate and the coordinate of N point
Under corresponding atheromatous plaque thickness and density, the thickness and density of vascular wall；Until completing in entire human body region to be measured
Blood vessel three-dimensional measurement summarizes the information of all measurement points, and the three-dimensional appearance (packet of the blood vessel in human body region to be measured can be completed
Include coordinate, structural constituent, thickness, density) reconstruction.
The invention has the advantages that emitting simultaneous ultrasonic reception optical path using coaxial laser, optical focus and sound are realized
It learns the coincidence of focus and is received with the excitation solid angle excitation on vertex and reception solid angle, measurement error can be reduced；With blood vessel
Interior blood flow optoacoustic echo is spatial analysis benchmark, differentiates the analysis of optoacoustic echo-signal using time domain, can analyze synchronization master
The corresponding optoacoustic echo-signal of blood flow, internal blood vessel tissue, each layer material of vascular wall passed through on axis path is, it can be achieved that optoacoustic
It is detected while external morphology and interior tissue fractions distribution to blood vessel.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present system and operation schematic diagram (including photoacoustic signal schematic diagram), in figure: 1 --- scanning head；
2 --- laser；3 --- transmitting optical axis；4 --- monitoring optical axis；5 --- photodetector；6 --- laser cable；7——
Laser beam expanding lens；8 --- detector cable；9 --- plano-convex focus lamp；10 --- optical sound head；11 --- ultrasonic lens；
12 --- reflecting mirror with holes；13 --- ultrasonic probe；14 --- ultrasonic cable；15 --- window；16 --- main shaft；17 --- grade
Join amplifier；18 --- detector circuit；19 --- laser controller；20 --- data acquisition card；21 --- master controller；
22 --- three-D electric platform；23 --- three-dimensional electric machine controller；24 --- receive solid angle；25 --- excitation solid angle；
26 --- subcutaneous tissue；27 --- vascular wall；28 --- atheromatous plaque；29 --- fluid flow blood；30 --- focus point；31——
Ratio light splitting piece；32 --- subcutaneous tissue photoacoustic signal；33 --- vascular wall photoacoustic signal；34 --- atheromatous plaque optoacoustic letter
Number；35 --- fluid flow blood photoacoustic signal；36 --- through-hole；37 --- three-dimensional stepper motor；38 --- center hole；39——
Human body region to be measured；40 --- skin.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.
Human vas detection system proposed by the present invention based on Laser Photoacoustic, mainly by master controller 21, scanning head
1, three-D electric platform 22 and accessory composition；
Wherein, accessory includes cascade amplifier 17, detector circuit 18, laser controller 19, data acquisition card
20, three-dimensional electric machine controller 23 and three-dimensional stepper motor 37；
There are optical sound head 10, reflecting mirror with holes 12, laser 2, laser beam expanding lens 7, ratio light splitting piece in scanning head 1
31, photodetector 5, ultrasonic probe 13, laser cable 6, detector cable 8 and ultrasonic cable 14；It is opened on scanning head 1
Have window 15, laser cable 6, detector cable 8 and ultrasonic cable 14 facilitated to be pierced by scanning head 1, and respectively with laser
Device controller 19, detector circuit 18 and cascade amplifier 17 are connected；Optical sound head 10 is by the plano-convex focus lamp 9 that coaxially assembles
It is formed with ultrasonic lens 11, the central axis of the two is main shaft 16, and plano-convex focus lamp 9 is provided with center hole 38, ultrasonic lens 11
Coaxial insertion fits into center hole 38, and the acoustic focus of the optical focus and ultrasonic lens 11 of plano-convex focus lamp 9 coincides with
Focus point 30；Scanning head 1 is assemblied on three-D electric platform 22, does three-dimensional motion under the drive of three-dimensional stepper motor 37,
Three-dimensional stepper motor 37 is accurately controlled by three-dimensional electric machine controller 23；
Laser controller 19 starts by laser cable 6 or closes laser 2, and the work of settable laser 2
Parameter；Received light can be converted into electric signal by photodetector 5, sent by detector cable 8 to detector circuit 18 and carried out
Amplification, amplified electric signal are sent as control signal to the triggering port of data acquisition card 20, trigger enabling signal capture card
20 carry out signal acquisition work；Received ultrasound transfer can be electric signal by ultrasonic probe 13, and by ultrasonic cable 14 send to
Cascade amplifier 17 carries out plural serial stage amplification, and amplified signal send to data acquisition card 20 and carries out signal sampling, and modulus turns
It changes and the main control software into master controller 21 is sent to be analyzed；
Along the medium-frequency pulse laser of the transmitting sending of optical axis 3, through ratio light splitting piece 31, (the present embodiment is 91 light splitting to laser 2
The ratio of piece, i.e. transmitted light and reflected light be nine to one) after be divided into transmitted pulse light and reflected impulse light two parts；Wherein reflect arteries and veins
It washes off and advances along monitoring optical axis 4, receive and be converted into electric signal by photodetector 5, amplify through detector circuit 18, send to letter
The triggering port of number capture card 20；And transmitted pulse light continues to advance along transmitting optical axis 3, after 7 beam-expanding collimation of laser beam expanding lens,
It is reflected again through reflecting mirror 12 with holes, is travelled downwardly along main shaft 16, focus on focus point 30 through plano-convex focus lamp 9；At focus point 30
The ultrasonic signal of excitation is travelled upwardly along main shaft 16, passes through the logical of reflecting mirror 12 with holes through the ultrasonic lens 11 in center hole 38
Hole 36 focuses on ultrasonic probe 13, and ultrasound transfer is electric signal by ultrasonic probe 13, after the multistage amplification of cascade amplifier 17,
To data acquisition card 20；
Master controller 21 receives the signal that data acquisition card 20 exports and by inside for starting laser controller 19
Main control software is analyzed；Master controller 21 is also used to send control instruction and three-dimensional stepping electricity to three-dimensional electric machine controller 23
The traveling step number in three directions needed for machine 37；
It is coplanar to emit optical axis 3, monitoring optical axis 4,16 three of main shaft, transmitting optical axis 3 is parallel with main shaft 16, and with monitor optical axis
4 is vertical；
Detection method includes the following steps for human vas proposed by the present invention based on Laser Photoacoustic:
(1) system initial alignment
Human body includes skin 40, subcutaneous tissue 26, vascular wall 27, atheromatous plaque 28, fluid flow blood 29 in region 39 to be measured
Equal different tissues and ingredient, by human vas detection system close to the starting blood flow position of the blood vessel to be detected in human body region 39 to be measured
It sets；Master controller 21 sends control instruction to three-dimensional electric machine controller 23, sets the direction z (this implementation of three-dimensional stepper motor 37
Example, subcutaneous depth direction be z to, along the direction of blood flow be x to the direction of, vertical blood flow be y to) traveling step number, drive
Scanning head 1 on three-D electric platform 22 moves, and optical sound head 10 is made to be located substantially at 10 one centimetre or so of top (this of skin
The focal length of embodiment plano-convex focus lamp 9 is 3 centimetres)；Master controller 21 starts laser controller 19, and laser controller 19 is pressed
According to the running parameter starting laser 2 set, (the present embodiment laser repetition is 1kHz, laser pulse width 10ns, wavelength
For 785nm, the micro- coke of single pulse energy 30)；
(2) single-spot testing
Laser pulse portion of energy passes through ratio light splitting piece 31, reflects through reflecting mirror 12 with holes, then poly- through plano-convex focus lamp 9
Coke is in focus point 30, and being formed with focus point 30 is the excitation solid angle 25 on vertex, which passes through under skin 40 not
With the different tissues of depth, the only energy density of unit area is more than that optoacoustic generates those of threshold value organizing ability generation ultrasound
Echo-signal；It focuses to positioned at the ultrasound echo signal with focus point 30 for the reception solid angle 24 on vertex through ultrasonic lens 11 super
Electric signal is converted on sonic probe 13；Meanwhile laser pulse another part energy is reflected through ratio light splitting piece 31, is visited by photoelectricity
It surveys device 5 to receive and be converted into electric signal, amplifies through detector circuit 18, send to the triggering port of data acquisition card 20, instantaneously open
Data acquisition card 20 is opened, at this point, the electric signal that ultrasonic probe 13 exports is after the multistage amplification of cascade amplifier 17, until signal acquisition
Card 20 carries out high frequency sampling (the present embodiment, sample frequency 40MHz), analog-to-digital conversion (the present embodiment is 12bit analog-to-digital conversion)
And the main control software into master controller 21 is sent to be analyzed；
(3) acoustic fix ranging of time domain resolved light is analyzed
Under normal conditions, the pulsed laser energy in solid angle 25 is excited successively to pass through subcutaneous tissue 26, vascular wall 27, congee
Sample patch 28, fluid flow blood 29, in the case where focusing good situation, the laser energy of the unit area of above four kinds of heterogeneities will
Reach optoacoustic threshold value, will successively inspire subcutaneous tissue photoacoustic signal 32, vascular wall photoacoustic signal 33, atheromatous plaque photoacoustic signal
34, fluid flow blood photoacoustic signal 35；The time domain that main control software in master controller 21 receives differentiates photoacoustic signal (see in Fig. 1
Photoacoustic signal schematic diagram) in, first in t1Reception to intensity be I1Time width is T1Subcutaneous tissue photoacoustic signal
32, then successively in t2Reception to intensity be I2Time width is T2Vascular wall photoacoustic signal 33, t3Reception is to by force
Degree is I3Time width is T3Atheromatous plaque photoacoustic signal 34, t4Reception to intensity be I4Time width is T4Flowing blood
Liquid photoacoustic signal 35；
Wherein, the inverse of the time width of photoacoustic signal is 2 times for being approximately supersonic frequency, and different tissues ingredient is by laser
The supersonic frequency of excitation is different, identical structural constituent by the supersonic frequency of laser excitation be it is identical, therefore, according to the time
The measurement of width can determine whether structural constituent；The intensity of photoacoustic signal represents the size of structural constituent density, identical to be organized into
Point, the tissue density that photoacoustic signal represents more by force at this is bigger；
Define transmission time Δ t1=t2-t1；Δt2=t3-t2；Δt3=t4-t3；It is being organized with transmission time multiplied by sound
Transmission speed in ingredient can find out the thickness of the structural constituent；
(4) optoacoustic single-point vessel measurement
Main control software in master controller 21 records the x coordinate of focus point 30 at this time；Master controller 21 gives three-dimensional motor
Controller 23 sends control instruction, and three-dimensional stepper motor 37 drives the scanning head 1 on three-D electric platform 22 along z-axis and y-axis
Moving sweep, meanwhile, it repeats step (2) (3)；Main control software in master controller 21 is constantly analyzed, until reach peak, this
When, focus point 30 is haemoconcentration highest point, records the y and z coordinate of focus point 30；With Δ t3It is focused multiplied by the velocity of sound
The thickness for the atheromatous plaque 28 that main shaft 16 passes through at point 30, according to I3The density for recording atheromatous plaque 28, with Δ t2It is obtained multiplied by the velocity of sound
The thickness for the vascular wall 27 that main shaft 16 passes through at focus 30, according to I2Record the density of vascular wall 27；
(5) optoacoustic vascular three-dimensional reconstruction
Master controller 21 sends control instruction to three-dimensional electric machine controller 23, and three-dimensional stepper motor 37 drives three-D electric flat
Scanning head 1 on platform 22 repeats step (4) along one step-length of x-axis stepping, obtains the Blood Center point coordinate of second point, with
And under the coordinate corresponding atheromatous plaque 28 thickness and density, the thickness and density of vascular wall 27；Then, scanning head 1 is along x
Axis one step-length of stepping again, obtains corresponding atheromatous plaque 28 under the Blood Center point coordinate and the coordinate of third point
Thickness and density, the thickness and density of vascular wall 27；Similarly, constantly complete the 4th point, the 5th point ..., in the blood of N point
The thickness and density of corresponding atheromatous plaque 28 under heart point coordinate and the coordinate, the thickness and density of vascular wall 27；Until complete
At the blood vessel three-dimensional measurement in entire human body region 39 to be measured, the information of all measurement points is summarized, it is to be measured that human body can be completed
The reconstruction of the three-dimensional appearance (including coordinate, structural constituent, thickness, density) of blood vessel in region 39.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of detection system for differentiating photoacoustic imaging based on coaxial time domain, including master controller (21), scanning head (1), three
It ties up electric platforms (22) and accessory, accessory includes cascade amplifier (17), detector circuit (18), laser control
Device (19), data acquisition card (20), three-dimensional electric machine controller (23) and three-dimensional stepper motor (37)；It is characterized by:
There are optical sound head (10), reflecting mirror with holes (12), laser (2), laser beam expanding lens (7), ratio in scanning head (1)
Light splitting piece (31), photodetector (5), ultrasonic probe (13), laser cable (6), detector cable (8) and ultrasonic cable
(14)；It is provided with window (15) on scanning head (1), facilitates laser cable (6), detector cable (8) and ultrasonic cable
(14) be pierced by scanning head (1), and respectively with laser controller (19), detector circuit (18) and cascade amplifier (17) phase
Even；Optical sound head (10) is made of the plano-convex focus lamp (9) and ultrasonic lens (11) coaxially assembled, and the central axis of the two is
Main shaft (16), plano-convex focus lamp (9) are provided with center hole (38), and coaxially insertion fits into center hole (38) to ultrasonic lens (11)
In, the optical focus of plano-convex focus lamp (9) and the acoustic focus of ultrasonic lens (11) coincide with focus point (30)；Scanning head
(1) it is assemblied on three-D electric platform (22), three-dimensional motion, three-dimensional stepper motor is done under the drive of three-dimensional stepper motor (37)
(37) it is accurately controlled by three-dimensional electric machine controller (23)；
Laser controller (19) is started by laser cable (6) or closes laser (2), and settable laser (2)
Running parameter；Received light can be converted into electric signal by photodetector (5), be sent by detector cable (8) to detector electricity
Road (18) amplifies, and amplified electric signal is sent as control signal to the triggering port of data acquisition card (20), and triggering is opened
Dynamic data acquisition card (20) carry out signal acquisition work；Received ultrasound transfer can be electric signal by ultrasonic probe (13), and be led to
It crosses ultrasonic cable (14) to send to cascade amplifier (17) progress plural serial stage amplification, amplified signal is sent to data acquisition card
(20) signal sampling is carried out, analog-to-digital conversion simultaneously send the main control software into master controller (21) to be analyzed；
Laser (2) is divided into transmitted pulse light after ratio light splitting piece (31) along the medium-frequency pulse laser that transmitting optical axis (3) issues
With reflected impulse light two parts；Wherein reflected impulse light is advanced along monitoring optical axis (4), is received and is converted by photodetector (5)
For electric signal, amplifies through detector circuit (18), send to the triggering port of data acquisition card (20)；And transmitted pulse light continues edge
Emit optical axis (3) advance, after laser beam expanding lens (7) beam-expanding collimation, then through reflecting mirror with holes (12) reflect, along main shaft (16) to
Lower traveling focuses on focus point (30) through plano-convex focus lamp (9)；At focus point (30) excite ultrasonic signal along main shaft (16) to
Upper traveling, the through-hole (36) for passing through reflecting mirror with holes (12) through the ultrasonic lens (11) in center hole (38) focus to ultrasonic spy
On head (13), ultrasound transfer is electric signal by ultrasonic probe (13), after the multistage amplification of cascade amplifier (17), until signal acquisition
Block (20)；
Master controller (21) receives the signal of data acquisition card (20) output and by inside for starting laser controller (19)
Main control software analyzed；Master controller (21) is also used to send control instruction and three-dimensional to three-dimensional electric machine controller (23)
The traveling step number in three directions needed for stepper motor (37)；Transmitting optical axis (3), monitoring optical axis (4), main shaft (16) three are total
Face, transmitting optical axis (3) is parallel with main shaft (16), and vertical with monitoring optical axis (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811268174.0A CN109363644B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Detection system based on coaxial time domain resolution photoacoustic imaging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811268174.0A CN109363644B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Detection system based on coaxial time domain resolution photoacoustic imaging |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109363644A true CN109363644A (en) | 2019-02-22 |
| CN109363644B CN109363644B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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| US20080173093A1 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-24 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | System and method for photoacoustic tomography of joints |
| US20140142404A1 (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2014-05-22 | The Washington University | Single-cell label-free photoacoustic flowoxigraphy in vivo |
| CN106361294A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-01 | 华南师范大学 | Device and method for endovascular optical coherence tomography - opto-acoustic - ultrasonic multimode imaging |
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