CN109359253A - A kind of web front end performance optimization method - Google Patents
A kind of web front end performance optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109359253A CN109359253A CN201810993761.XA CN201810993761A CN109359253A CN 109359253 A CN109359253 A CN 109359253A CN 201810993761 A CN201810993761 A CN 201810993761A CN 109359253 A CN109359253 A CN 109359253A
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Abstract
A kind of web front end performance optimization method, comprising the following steps: 1) make original front end webpage；2) optimization of HTML；2.1) size of html document is reduced；2.2) relative path is used；2.3) html tag semantization；2.4) iframe label is replaced；3) optimization of CSS；3.1) CSS is placed on top；3.2) it extracts repeat pattern and replacement@import mode introduces file；4) optimization of JavaScript；5) CSS Sprites technology；6) picture lazyness loading technique；7) preparatory acquisition methods are used；8) Expires, Cache-Control heading are added；9) resource merges and compresses.The present invention provides that a kind of realization front end page loading velocity is fast, code is more succinct, memory is smaller, to a kind of web front end performance optimization method of user's optimum experience effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internet, performance optimization, CSS Sprites technology, lazy loading technique, computer application necks
Domain more particularly to a kind of web front end performance optimization method.
Background technique
In the rigid birth of Web, it only regards the platform carrier that an information is issued as by people, after 2005,
There is a large amount of Web application in the arrival in Web2.0 epoch, and earth-shaking variation has occurred in the front end of website therewith.Interconnection
Net industry development is become better and better, and scale is increasing, also increasing using the people of internet, by the end of the year in 2016, the whole world
Internet user's number up to 3,500,000,000, will be equivalent to the 47% of population in the world, and wherein China Internet user number is up to 7.21 hundred million, position
Occupy the whole world first.The development of Web and the increase of Web user are so that the demand to the performance optimization of web front end becomes especially urgent.
For enterprise, it is desirable to use resource as few as possible, provide better viewing experience and more stable for more website users
Service；But for a user, so that them is rested on the key factor of continuation browsing website contents on webpage is exactly website
On provide content needed for user and website and webpage loading velocity is fast, user experience is good.
To sum up, being exactly the length of web page loading time for the direct judgment criteria of the performance quality of web front end, add
Carry the same website, it is that the time is shorter, that is, the performance of front end is better that the load time is shorter, which to illustrate that user waits,.There are data aobvious
Show, the every reduction 0.1s of certain web page loading velocity, income just will increase 1.3%；Certain search engine load time lacks 0.1s, webpage
Flowing of access just will increase 2%.It is not difficult to obtain, improves website loading velocity, could more preferably meet user demand, obtain more preferable
Income therefore how to make that front end page loading velocity is fast, code is more succinct, occupied space is few, provide the user with optimum experience
Effect is the Important Problems studied in this method.
Front end is exactly the presentation layer of webpage, it is the content for showing user to see.Application page be by text gear, style sheet,
Front end script, the different resource composition such as picture.HTML is a kind of for creating the hypertext markup language of webpage, needs to browse
It is shown on the page after device parsing；The language for functioning as style sheet and layout of CSS；JS is a kind of scripting language, is used
JavaScript language is much also relied in the interaction of the displaying of page dynamic effect, front-end and back-end.Html document is page
The basis in face, CSS completes the typesetting of style sheet, and JS script is responsible for the behavior of the page.
It is reasonable to realize that front end page loading velocity is fast, code is more succinct, occupied space is few, provide the user with optimum experience
Effect is the key problem of the performance optimization method of web front end.However, causing user to wait since performance of front end is inadequate at present
Phenomena such as overlong time at load interface, page load is incomplete, and page reaction speed is slow, and webpage is stuck suddenly, occurs.Therefore,
It designs that a kind of scientific and reasonable performance of front end optimization method is extremely urgent, proposes a kind of property of web front end for solving current problem
Energy optimization method, keeps page loading velocity fast, user obtains optimum experience effect, solves present in existing web front end performance
Drawback.
Performance of front end is influenced by several factors, for example, without cleaning html document, inappropriate placement CSS, incorrect put
It sets JavaScript, without optimization CSS performance, no reduction external HTTP request, uncompressed CSS, JS and HTML, does not use
CDN and caching improve speed, do not have compressed file, without using lightweight frame, all can performance of front end are in a disadvantageous position
Position.In the case where the optimization of existing performance of front end, comprehensive utilization internet, performance optimization, CSS Sprites technology and lazyness add
Load technology proposes a kind of performance optimization method of reasonable front end, provides the user with optimal experience effect, bring more to enterprise
Big benefit is very important.
Therefore, by being researched and analysed to web front end performance, find current web front end page loading velocity it is not fast enough,
Code is more complicated, occupied space is big, has biggish defect in terms of not providing the user with optimum experience effect, needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of current web front end performance, the present invention proposes the performance optimization method of front end, excellent using HTML
Change, CSS optimization, JavaScript optimization, recycles CSS Sprites technology, propose a kind of realization front end page loading velocity
Fastly, code is more succinct, occupied space is few, provides the user with a kind of performance optimization side based on web front end of optimum experience effect
Method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of performance optimization method based on web front end, the described method comprises the following steps:
1) original front end webpage making, according to the design drawing of front end webpage, with HTML, CSS of most original,
The functional realization of institute is opened Google browser using developer's tool and checks each portion of front end page by JavaScript technology
Divide the time of content load；
2) HTML optimizes, and front end webpage HTML part is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
2.1) size for reducing html document has used the label, complicated of vast number in original front end page code
Nest relation leads to occur the phenomenon that blank character in document, these blank characters are deleted；
2.2) relative path is used, by the various paths in original front end page code, such as CSS and JavaScript text
Part source, picture introduces and web page address links etc., originally absolute path was used to change relative path < %=into it
Request.getContextPath () % > search position；
2.3) html tag semantization uses the text of a big section<p>tag representation, list are used<ul>or<ol>table
Show, so that pattern file does not load completion in network difference, the frame of webpage orderly can also be shown；
2.4) iframe label, the iframe label div and CSS style that will occur in original front end page code are replaced
To replace；
3) CSS optimizes, and the part front end webpage CSS is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
3.1) CSS file is placed in head label, just downloads and parse so that CSS file has just started load in the page
Rendering is carried out to front end page together with alternative document out to show；
3.2) it extracts repeat pattern and replacement@import mode introduces file, pattern identical in CSS file is mentioned
Taking becomes individual class quotes again, so that CSS file is more simplified, size of code is less；By the@in original front end page code
Import changes link label into；
4) JavaScript optimizes, and JavaScript file is placed on html file bottom；Original operation DOM is used
Document.write generates content to the page and changes innerHTML assignment into；Use S+=S1+S2+...+SnMode connective word
Symbol string, S indicate original character string, S1, S2..., SnIndicate the content of the corresponding character string of n character string；
5) CSS Sprites technology is utilized, the picture that original front end page is used is integrated into using Fireworks tool
The file of one big figure recycles in CSS " background-position " attribute magnifies each small picture in figure to this
It is positioned, so that the disposable loaded of the picture on the page；
6) the src link in img label is set as same blank picture by picture lazyness loading technique, and really by it
Picture address be stored in the Custom Attributes of img label, until pull scroll bar, when picture element enters visual windows,
Address in Custom Attributes is stored into src attribute；
7) preparatory acquisition methods are used, the attribute of rel=" prefetch " will be increased on the link attribute in the HTML of website
And attribute value, so that the address URL, CSS, picture and the script of corresponding each link can be acquired in advance before entering the Web page；
8) Expires, Cache-Control heading are added, Expires is added for static content, by static content
It is set as never expired, for dynamic content application Cache-Control, browser is allowed to send request according to condition；
9) resource merge and compression, using html-minifier tool respectively to above-mentioned steps 1) -8) optimized after
The codes such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript are compressed, and the merging of file is realized using nodejs.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: the optimization of the performance of front end of the present invention be based on Web to HTML optimization,
CSS optimization, JavaScript optimization, HTML optimization include the size for reducing html document, use relative path, html tag language
Justiceization, replacement iframe label, CSS optimization include that CSS is placed on to top, extract repeat pattern and replaces@import mode to draw
Enter file, recycling CSS Sprites technology, lazy loading technique, resource merges and compress technique, preparatory acquisition methods, finally
Realize that front end page loading velocity is fast, code is more succinct, memory is smaller, to the performance of the web front end of user's optimum experience effect
Optimization method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of web front end performance optimization method；
Fig. 2 is that the performance of front end optimizes the effect picture compared after preceding and optimization.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a kind of web front end performance optimization method, comprising the following steps:
1) original front end webpage making, according to the design drawing of front end webpage, with HTML, CSS of most original,
The functional realization of institute is opened Google browser using developer's tool and checks each portion of front end page by JavaScript technology
Divide the time of content load；
2) HTML optimizes, and front end webpage HTML part is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
2.1) size for reducing html document has used the label, complicated of vast number in original front end page code
Nest relation leads to occur the phenomenon that blank character in document, these blank characters are deleted；
2.2) relative path is used, by the various paths in original front end page code, such as CSS and JavaScript text
Part source, picture introduces and web page address links etc., originally absolute path was used to change relative path < %=into it
Request.getContextPath () % > search position；
2.3) html tag semantization uses the text of a big section<p>tag representation, list are used<ul>or<ol>table
Show, so that pattern file does not load completion in network difference, the frame of webpage orderly can also be shown；
2.4) iframe label, the iframe label div and CSS style that will occur in original front end page code are replaced
To replace；
3) CSS optimizes, and the part front end webpage CSS is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
3.1) CSS file is placed in head label, just downloads and parse so that CSS file has just started load in the page
Rendering is carried out to front end page together with alternative document out to show；
3.2) it extracts repeat pattern and replacement@import mode introduces file, pattern identical in CSS file is mentioned
Taking becomes individual class quotes again, so that CSS file is more simplified, size of code is less；By the@in original front end page code
Import changes link label into；
4) JavaScript optimizes, and JavaScript file is placed on html file bottom；Original operation DOM is used
Document.write generates content to the page and changes innerHTML assignment into；Use S+=S1+S2+...+SnMode connective word
Symbol string, S indicate original character string, S1, S2..., SnIndicate the content of the corresponding character string of n character string；
5) CSS Sprites technology is utilized, the picture that original front end page is used is integrated into using Fireworks tool
The file of one big figure recycles in CSS " background-position " attribute magnifies each small picture in figure to this
It is positioned, so that the disposable loaded of the picture on the page；
6) the src link in img label is set as same blank picture by picture lazyness loading technique, and really by it
Picture address be stored in the Custom Attributes of img label, until pull scroll bar, when picture element enters visual windows,
Address in Custom Attributes is stored into src attribute；
7) preparatory acquisition methods are used, the attribute of rel=" prefetch " will be increased on the link attribute in the HTML of website
And attribute value, so that the address URL, CSS, picture and the script of corresponding each link can be acquired in advance before entering the Web page；
8) Expires, Cache-Control heading are added, Expires is added for static content, by static content
It is set as never expired, for dynamic content application Cache-Control, browser is allowed to send request according to condition；
9) resource merge and compression, using html-minifier tool respectively to above-mentioned steps 1) -8) optimized after
The codes such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript are compressed, using nodejs realize file merging, front end performance optimization before with
The effect picture compared after optimization, as shown in Figure 2.
By taking certain shopping website as an example, a kind of web front end performance optimization method, comprising the following steps:
1) the original front end webpage making of shopping website, according to the design drawing of the shopping website page, with the HTML of most original,
The functional realization of institute is opened Google browser using developer's tool and checks front end page by CSS, JavaScript technology
The time of each section content load；
2) the HTML optimization of shopping website, shopping website page HTML part is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
2.1) size of html document is reduced, the label of vast number has been used in shopping website parent page code, has been answered
Miscellaneous nest relation leads to occur the phenomenon that blank character in document, these blank characters are deleted；
2.2) use relative path, by the various paths in the original front end page code of shopping website, such as CSS and
JavaScript file source, picture introduces and web page address links etc., it was originally used absolute path change opposite road into
Diameter<%=request.getContextPath () %>searches position；
2.3) html tag semantization uses the text of a big section<p>tag representation, list are used<ul>or<ol>table
Show, so that pattern file does not load completion in network difference, the frame of webpage orderly can also be shown；
2.4) iframe label, the iframe label div and CSS style that will occur in original front end page code are replaced
To replace；
3) the CSS optimization of shopping website, the part shopping website front end webpage CSS is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
3.1) CSS file is placed in head label, just downloads and parse so that CSS file has just started load in the page
Rendering is carried out to front end page together with alternative document out to show；
3.2) it extracts repeat pattern and replacement@import mode introduces file, pattern identical in CSS file is mentioned
Taking becomes individual class quotes again, so that CSS file is more simplified, size of code is less；By the front end page of original shopping website
@import in code changes link label into；
4) the JavaScript optimization of shopping website, is placed on html file bottom for JavaScript file；It will be original
Operation DOM generates content to the page using document.write and changes innerHTML assignment into；Use S+=S1+S2+...+Sn
Mode connection string, S indicates original character string, S1, S2..., SnIndicate the corresponding character string of n character string
Content；
5) CSS Sprites technology is utilized, the picture that the front end page of original shopping website is used utilizes Fireworks
Tool is integrated into the file of one big figure, recycles in CSS " background-position " attribute magnifies in figure this
Each small picture is positioned, so that the disposable loaded of the picture on the page；
6) the src link in img label is set as same blank picture by picture lazyness loading technique, and really by it
Picture address be stored in the Custom Attributes of img label, until pull scroll bar, when picture element enters visual windows,
Address in Custom Attributes is stored into src attribute；
7) preparatory acquisition methods are used, rel=" prefetch " will be increased on the link attribute in shopping website HTML
Attribute and attribute value, so that the address URL, CSS, picture and the script of corresponding each link can be obtained in advance before entering the Web page
It takes；
8) Expires, Cache-Control heading are added, Expires is added for static content, by static content
It is set as never expired, for dynamic content application Cache-Control, browser is allowed to send request according to condition；
9) resource merge and compression, using html-minifier tool respectively to above-mentioned steps 1) -8) optimized after
The codes such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript are compressed, and the merging of file is realized using nodejs.
Described above is the good results that one embodiment that the present invention provides is shown, it is clear that the present invention is not
It is suitable only for above-described embodiment, without departing from essence spirit of the present invention and without departing from the premise of content involved by substantive content of the present invention
Under can do many variations to it and be implemented.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of web front end performance optimization method, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
1) original front end webpage making, according to the design drawing of front end webpage, with HTML, CSS, JavaScript skill of most original
The functional realization of institute is opened Google browser by art, using developer's tool, checks the load of front end page each section content
Time；
2) HTML optimizes, and front end webpage HTML part is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
2.1) size of html document is reduced, the label of vast number, the nesting of complexity have been used in original front end page code
Relationship leads to occur the phenomenon that blank character in document, these blank characters are deleted；
2.2) relative path is used, the various paths in original front end page code, such as CSS and JavaScript file are come
Source, picture introduces and web page address links etc., originally absolute path was used to change relative path < %=into it
Request.getContextPath () % > search position；
2.3) html tag semantization uses the text of a big section<p>tag representation, list are used<ul>or<ol>it indicates, makes
It obtains the pattern file in network difference and does not load completion, the frame of webpage orderly can also be shown；
2.4) iframe label is replaced, the iframe label occurred in original front end page code is replaced with div and CSS style
It changes；
3) CSS optimizes, and the part front end webpage CSS is optimized, optimization process is as follows:
3.1) CSS file is placed in head label, just downloads and parse so that CSS file has just started load in the page
Come and alternative document carries out rendering to front end page together and shows；
3.2) it extracts repeat pattern and replacement@import mode introduces file, pattern identical in CSS file is extracted into
It is quoted again for individual class, so that CSS file is more simplified, size of code is less；By the@import in original front end page code
Change link label into；
4) JavaScript optimizes, and JavaScript file is placed on html file bottom；Original operation DOM is used
Document.write generates content to the page and changes innerHTML assignment into；Use S+=S1+S2+...+SnMode connective word
Symbol string, S indicate original character string, S1, S2..., SnIndicate the content of the corresponding character string of n character string；
5) CSS Sprites technology is utilized, the picture that original front end page is used is integrated into one using Fireworks tool
The file of big figure recycles in CSS " background-position " attribute magnifies each small picture in figure to this and carries out
Positioning, so that the disposable loaded of picture on the page；
6) the src link in img label is set as same blank picture, and it is really schemed by picture lazyness loading technique
Piece address is stored in the Custom Attributes of img label, until pulling scroll bar, when picture element enters visual windows, is made by oneself
Address in adopted attribute is stored into src attribute；
7) preparatory acquisition methods are used, the attribute and category of rel=" prefetch " will be increased on the link attribute in the HTML of website
Property value so that the address URL, CSS, picture and the script of corresponding each link can be acquired in advance before entering the Web page；
8) Expires, Cache-Control heading are added, Expires is added for static content, static content is set as
It is never expired, for dynamic content application Cache-Control, browser is allowed to send request according to condition；
9) resource merge and compression, using html-minifier tool respectively to above-mentioned steps 1) -8) optimized after HTML,
The codes such as CSS, JavaScript are compressed, and the merging of file is realized using nodejs.
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| CN110321529A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-11 | 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 | Frame character displaying method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110489697A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-22 | 广东省科技基础条件平台中心 | A method of promoting Website page loading velocity |
| CN111580804A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-25 | 完美世界(北京)软件科技发展有限公司 | Software project development method and device |
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| CN113568619A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-29 | 上海中通吉网络技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for reducing volume of web-side file |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110321529A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-11 | 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 | Frame character displaying method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN111580804A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-25 | 完美世界(北京)软件科技发展有限公司 | Software project development method and device |
| CN111580804B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2023-05-26 | 完美世界(北京)软件科技发展有限公司 | Method and device for developing software project |
| CN113568619A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-29 | 上海中通吉网络技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for reducing volume of web-side file |
| CN113836456A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-24 | 桂林长海发展有限责任公司 | Method, device and storage medium for optimizing performance of WEB front-end webpage |
| CN113835740A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2021-12-24 | 山东捷瑞数字科技股份有限公司 | Search engine optimization-oriented automatic front-end code repairing method |
| CN113835740B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-22 | 山东捷瑞数字科技股份有限公司 | Search engine optimization-oriented automatic front-end code repairing method |
| CN115982486A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-18 | 北京海泰方圆科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for optimizing memory |
| CN115982486B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-09-19 | 北京海泰方圆科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for optimizing memory |
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Application publication date: 20190219 |