CN109239682B - External calibration system and method for quantitative measurement radar system - Google Patents
External calibration system and method for quantitative measurement radar system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109239682B CN109239682B CN201810243012.5A CN201810243012A CN109239682B CN 109239682 B CN109239682 B CN 109239682B CN 201810243012 A CN201810243012 A CN 201810243012A CN 109239682 B CN109239682 B CN 109239682B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses an external calibration system and method for a quantitative measurement radar system, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a frequency spectrograph (1), a signal generator (2), a horn antenna (3), an antenna fixing tool (4), a change-over switch (5), an experiment high tower (6), a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8). The frequency spectrograph (1), the signal generator (2), the antenna fixing tool (4) and the change-over switch (5) are all arranged on an experimental high tower (6), and the horn antenna (3) is fixed on the antenna fixing tool (4); the frequency spectrograph (1) and the signal generator (2) are respectively connected with the change-over switch (5) through cables, the output end of the change-over switch (5) is connected with the horn antenna (3) through cables, and the radar system (7) to be measured is fixed on the two-dimensional turntable and the auxiliary control system (8). The method of the invention depends on the system to implement external calibration of the quantitative measurement radar system. The technology of the invention has the advantages of simple equipment, simple and convenient operation, high calibration precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an external calibration system and method for a radar system, and more particularly, to an external calibration system and method for a radar system.
Background
The traditional radar system external calibration method can be divided into active calibration and passive calibration. An additional set of active equipment needs to be developed for active calibration, so that the defects of long development period, high calibration cost and the like are caused; the passive calibration completes the external calibration process by respectively measuring parameters such as the beam width and the transmitting power gain product of the transmitting antenna and the beam width and the receiving gain of the receiving antenna, but the calibration method introduces too many measuring steps, so that the required measuring instruments and equipment are too many, and the operation procedure is too complicated. The above-mentioned method is too time-consuming, heavy, expensive, and for units with insufficient expenses, the external calibration work is difficult to perform because there is no corresponding testing equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an external calibration system and method for a quantitative measurement radar system, and solves the problems of complex measurement system, long test time and high test cost caused by the traditional measurement method.
An external calibration system for a quantitative measurement radar system, comprising: a frequency spectrograph, a signal generator, a horn antenna, an antenna fixing tool, a change-over switch, an experimental tower, a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system,
Wherein the spectrometer, the signal generator, the antenna fixing tool and the change-over switch are all arranged on the experimental high tower. The horn antenna is fixed on the antenna fixing tool. The frequency spectrograph and the signal generator are respectively connected with the change-over switch through cables, and the output end of the change-over switch is connected with the input port of the horn antenna through cables. The radar system to be tested is fixed on the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system, and the experimental tower, the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system are horizontally arranged at intervals.
Preferably, the horn antenna can be replaced by a calibration sphere A or a calibration sphere B according to test requirements.
The external calibration method for the quantitative measurement radar system comprises the following specific steps:
first step external scaling based on horn antenna
And fixing the horn antenna on the antenna fixing tool.
And controlling the switch to connect the frequency spectrograph and the horn antenna. And (3) placing the radar system to be tested in a transmitting working state, and keeping the zero-degree position of the electric shaft by the two-dimensional turntable and the auxiliary control system. Setting parameters of a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system: rotation speed, start angle of scan, step angle of scan, and end angle of scan. And starting the turntable to scan the antenna of the radar system to be measured according to a preset rotating speed, and reading the power value measured by the current frequency spectrograph when the antenna rotates to a stepping angle position. After the antenna of the radar system to be detected finishes scanning in the preset range, the rotary table is controlled to stop, a transmitting directional diagram in the set angle range is obtained, and the beam of the transmitting directional diagram is recorded as theta 1 、φ 1 Wherein θ 1 、φ 1 Respectively, the beamwidths of the transmit antenna elevation and azimuth directions.
And controlling the selector switch to connect the signal generator with the horn antenna, wherein the horn antenna is used as a transmitting antenna. And controlling the radar system to be tested to be in a receiving working state, and keeping the zero-degree position of the electric shaft by the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system. Setting parameters of the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system: rotational speed, start angle of scan, step angle of scan, and end angle of scan. And starting the rotary table to enable the antenna of the radar system to be measured to scan according to the preset rotating speed, and measuring the power value by the radar system to be measured when the antenna rotates to a stepping angle position. After the antenna of the radar system to be tested finishes scanning in the preset range, the rotating platform is controlled to stop, a receiving directional diagram in the set angle range is obtained, and a receiving directional beam is marked as theta 2 、φ 2 Wherein θ 2 、φ 2 Respectively representing the beam widths of the pitching direction and the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna, and finishing the work of the radar.
Second step external scaling based on scaling ball A
And fixing the calibration ball A on the antenna fixing tool, and controlling the radar system to be tested to be in a normal transceiving working state. And obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system to be measured and the calibration ball A through measurement. The two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system control the azimuth direction of the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out within a preset range to find out the position of the maximum value of the received power. And acquiring the product of the transmitting power, the antenna transmitting gain and the antenna receiving gain of the radar system to be tested by using a known radar equation.
Third step external scaling based on scaling ball B
And fixing the calibration ball B on the antenna fixing tool, and controlling the radar system to be tested to be in a normal transceiving working state. And obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system to be measured and the calibration ball B through measurement. The two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system control the direction of the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out in a preset range to find out the position of the maximum value of the received power. And acquiring the system error of the radar system to be measured by using a known radar equation.
And finishing the external calibration of the radar system to be tested.
The system and the method have the advantages of simple equipment, simple and convenient operation, high calibration precision and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an external calibration system for a quantitative measurement radar system.
1. Spectrometer 2, signal generator 3, horn antenna 4, antenna fixing tool 5, change-over switch 6, experimental tower 7, radar system to be tested 8, two-dimensional rotary table and auxiliary control system
Detailed Description
Example 1
An external calibration system for a quantitative measurement radar system, comprising: a frequency spectrograph 1, a signal generator 2, a horn antenna 3, an antenna fixing tool 4, a change-over switch 5, an experimental tower 6, a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system 8,
Wherein the frequency spectrograph 1, the signal generator 2, the antenna fixing tool 4 and the change-over switch 5 are all arranged on an experimental high tower 6. The horn antenna 3 is fixed on the antenna fixing tool 4, and the horn antenna 3 can be replaced by a calibration ball A9 or a calibration ball B according to test requirements. The frequency spectrograph 1 and the signal generator 2 are respectively connected with the change-over switch 5 through cables, and the output end of the change-over switch 5 is connected with the input port of the horn antenna 3 through a cable. The radar system 7 to be tested is fixed on the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8, and the experimental high tower 6, the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8 are horizontally arranged at intervals.
Example 2
The external calibration method for the quantitative measurement radar system comprises the following specific steps:
first step external scaling based on horn antenna 3
The horn antenna 3 is fixed on the antenna fixing tool 4.
The switch 5 is controlled to connect the spectrometer 1 with the horn antenna 3. And (3) placing the radar system 7 to be tested in a transmitting working state, and keeping the zero-degree position of the electric axis by the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8. Setting parameters of the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8: rotation speed, start angle of scan, step angle of scan, and end angle of scan. And starting the rotary table to enable the antenna of the radar system 7 to be measured to scan according to a preset rotating speed, and reading the power value measured by the current frequency spectrograph 1 when the antenna rotates to a stepping angle position. After the antenna of the radar system 7 to be detected finishes scanning in the preset range, the rotating platform is controlled to stop, a transmitting directional diagram in the set angle range is obtained, and the wave beam of the transmitting directional diagram is recorded as theta 1 、φ 1 Wherein θ 1 、φ 1 Respectively, the beam widths of the transmit antenna pitch and azimuth directions.
The switch 5 is controlled to connect the signal generator 2 with the horn antenna 3, and the horn antenna 3 is used as a transmitting antenna. And controlling the radar system 7 to be tested to be in a receiving working state, and keeping the zero-degree position of the electric shaft by the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8. Setting parameters of the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8: rotation speed, start angle of scan, step angle of scan, and end angle of scan. And starting the rotary table to enable the antenna of the radar system to be measured 7 to scan according to a preset rotating speed, and measuring the power value by the radar system to be measured 7 when the antenna rotates to a stepping angle position. After the antenna of the radar system 7 to be tested finishes scanning in the preset range, the rotary table is controlledStopping to obtain a receiving directional diagram within a set angle range, and recording a receiving directional diagram beam as theta 2 、φ 2 Wherein theta 2 、φ 2 Respectively representing the beam widths of the pitching direction and the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna, and finishing the work of the radar.
Second step external scaling based on scaling ball A
And fixing the calibration ball A on the antenna fixing tool 4, and controlling the radar system 7 to be tested to be in a normal receiving and transmitting working state. And obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system 7 to be measured and the calibration ball A through measurement. The two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8 control the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out in a preset range to find the position of the maximum value of the received power. And acquiring the product of the transmitting power, the antenna transmitting gain and the antenna receiving gain of the radar system 7 to be tested by using a known radar equation.
Third step external scaling based on scaling ball B
And fixing the calibration ball B on the antenna fixing tool 4, and controlling the radar system 7 to be tested to be in a normal receiving and sending working state. And obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system 7 to be measured and the calibration ball B through measurement. The two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system 8 control the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out in a preset range to find the position of the maximum value of the received power. And acquiring the system error of the radar system 7 to be measured by using a known radar equation.
At this point, the external calibration of the radar system 7 to be measured is completed.
Claims (2)
1. An external calibration system for a quantitative measurement radar system, comprising: the device comprises a frequency spectrograph (1), a signal generator (2), a horn antenna (3), an antenna fixing tool (4), a change-over switch (5), an experimental tower (6), a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8);
the frequency spectrograph (1), the signal generator (2), the antenna fixing tool (4) and the change-over switch (5) are all arranged on an experimental high tower (6); the horn antenna (3) or the calibration ball A or the calibration ball B is fixed on the antenna fixing tool (4); the frequency spectrograph (1) and the signal generator (2) are respectively connected with a selector switch (5) through cables, and the output end of the selector switch (5) is connected with the input port of the horn antenna (3) through a cable; the radar system (7) to be tested is fixed on the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system (8), and the experimental high tower (6) is horizontally arranged with the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system (8) at intervals;
controlling a selector switch to connect the frequency spectrograph and the horn antenna, placing the radar system to be tested in a transmitting working state, and keeping the zero-degree position of an electric axis by the two-dimensional turntable and the auxiliary control system; setting parameters of a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system; starting the rotary table to enable the antenna of the radar system to be measured to scan according to a preset rotating speed, and reading the power value measured by the current frequency spectrograph when the antenna of the radar system to be measured rotates to a stepping angle position; after the antenna of the radar system to be tested finishes scanning in a preset range, controlling the rotary table to stop to obtain a transmitting directional diagram in a set angle range;
controlling a selector switch (5) to connect a signal generator (2) with a horn antenna (3), wherein the horn antenna (3) is used as a transmitting antenna; controlling a radar system (7) to be tested to be in a receiving working state, and keeping a zero-degree position of an electric shaft by the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system (8); setting parameters of the two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8); starting the rotary table to enable the antenna of the radar system (7) to be measured to scan according to a preset rotating speed, and measuring a power value by the radar system (7) to be measured when the antenna rotates to a stepping angle position; after the antenna of the radar system (7) to be detected finishes scanning in the preset range, controlling the rotary table to stop to obtain a receiving directional diagram in the set angle range, and finishing the work of the radar;
controlling the radar system (7) to be tested to be in a normal receiving and sending working state; obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system (7) to be measured and the calibration ball A through measurement; the two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8) control the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out in a preset range to find out the position of the maximum value of the received power; obtaining the product of the transmitting power, the antenna transmitting gain and the antenna receiving gain of the radar system (7) to be tested by using a known radar equation;
obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system (7) to be measured and the calibration ball B through measurement; the two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8) control the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out in a preset range to find out the position of the maximum value of the received power; and acquiring the system error of the radar system (7) to be measured by using a known radar equation.
2. An external calibration method for a quantitative measurement radar system is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
the first step is based on external scaling of the horn antenna (3)
Fixing the horn antenna (3) on an antenna fixing tool (4);
controlling a selector switch (5) to connect the frequency spectrograph (1) and the horn antenna (3); placing a radar system (7) to be tested in a transmitting working state, and keeping a zero-degree position of an electric shaft by a two-dimensional turntable and an auxiliary control system (8); setting parameters of a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8): rotating speed, scanning starting angle, scanning stepping angle and scanning ending angle; starting the turntable to enable the antenna of the radar system (7) to be measured to scan according to a preset rotating speed, and reading the power value measured by the current frequency spectrograph (1) when the antenna rotates to a stepping angle position; after the antenna of the radar system (7) to be detected finishes scanning in the preset range, the rotary table is controlled to stop to obtain a transmitting directional diagram in the set angle range, and the beam of the transmitting directional diagram is recorded as theta 1 、φ 1 Wherein theta 1 、φ 1 Respectively representing the beam widths of the pitch and azimuth directions of the transmitting antenna;
controlling a selector switch (5) to connect a signal generator (2) with a horn antenna (3), wherein the horn antenna (3) is used as a transmitting antenna; controlling a radar system (7) to be tested to be in a receiving working state, and keeping a zero-degree position of an electric shaft by the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system (8); setting parameters of a two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8): rotating speed, scanning start angle, scanning step and scanning end angle; starting the rotary table to enable the antenna of the radar system (7) to be measured to scan according to a preset rotating speed, and measuring a power value by the radar system (7) to be measured when the antenna rotates to a stepping angle position; after the antenna of the radar system (7) to be tested finishes scanning in a preset range, the rotating platform is controlled to stop to obtain a receiving directional diagram in a set angle range, and a receiving directional diagram beam is marked as theta 2 、φ 2 Wherein θ 2 、φ 2 Waves representing the pitch and azimuth of the receiving antenna, respectivelyBeam width, finishing the work of the radar;
second step external scaling based on scaling ball A
Fixing the calibration ball A on an antenna fixing tool (4), and controlling a radar system (7) to be tested to be in a normal receiving and transmitting working state; obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system (7) to be measured and the calibration ball A through measurement; the two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8) control the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out in a preset range to find out the position of the maximum value of the received power; obtaining the product of the transmitting power, the antenna transmitting gain and the antenna receiving gain of the radar system (7) to be tested by utilizing a known radar equation;
the third step is based on external calibration of calibration ball B
Fixing the calibration ball B on the antenna fixing tool (4), and controlling the radar system (7) to be tested to be in a normal receiving and transmitting working state; obtaining the accurate distance between the radar system (7) to be measured and the calibration ball B through measurement; the two-dimensional rotary table and an auxiliary control system (8) control the rotary table to be positioned at the zero-degree position of the electric axis, and two-dimensional scanning is carried out in a preset range to find out the position of the maximum value of the received power; acquiring a system error of a radar system (7) to be detected by using a known radar equation;
the frequency spectrograph (1), the signal generator (2), the antenna fixing tool (4) and the change-over switch (5) are all arranged on an experimental high tower (6); the frequency spectrograph (1) and the signal generator (2) are respectively connected with a selector switch (5) through cables, and the output end of the selector switch (5) is connected with the input port of the horn antenna (3) through a cable; the radar system (7) to be tested is fixed on the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system (8), and the experimental high tower (6) is horizontally arranged with the two-dimensional rotary table and the auxiliary control system (8) at intervals; thus, the external calibration of the radar system (7) to be tested is completed.
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| IL188507A (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2012-06-28 | Elta Systems Ltd | Phased array antenna having integral calibration network and method for measuring calibration ratio thereof |
| CN103454619B (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2014-11-05 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Electrical axis optical calibration system of spaceborne microwave tracking-pointing radar and calibration method thereof |
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