CN108982986B - Electric automobile alternating-current charging pile detection system and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile alternating-current charging pile detection system and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108982986B CN108982986B CN201810319885.XA CN201810319885A CN108982986B CN 108982986 B CN108982986 B CN 108982986B CN 201810319885 A CN201810319885 A CN 201810319885A CN 108982986 B CN108982986 B CN 108982986B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection system and a detection method for an alternating current charging pile of an electric vehicle. The actual vehicle or the vehicle-mounted battery system is used for detecting the alternating-current charging pile of the electric vehicle, so that the field is large, the cost is high, and the detection efficiency is low. The testing system comprises a main control module, a charging gun connecting socket, an electric energy metering unit, an alternating current contactor, a power analyzer, a load module, a PC (personal computer) control terminal and an oscilloscope. The invention realizes manual and automatic control of the detection process, can simulate the internal switch of the vehicle-mounted charger, provides a voltage signal required for judging the connection state of a charging gun, and can monitor the PWM signal output by the control guide circuit of the alternating current charging pile in real time; the charging state information can be accurately acquired and displayed on a PC (personal computer) in the charging process, and can be compared and judged with the display data of the pile body of the charging pile; and adjust the load size through the PC according to actual need, simulate the actual situation of charging of different model equipment, carry out abundant test to filling electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of intelligent charging of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to a detection system and a detection method for an alternating-current charging pile of an electric automobile.
Background
With the increasing number of electric vehicles, the electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile is used as one of electric vehicle charging equipment, and the demand is increasing, so that whether the alternating-current charging pile meets the standard or not is an urgent problem to be detected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection system and a detection method thereof applied to an electric automobile alternating-current charging pile, which can replace an actual electric automobile or a vehicle-mounted battery system to test the reliability and stability of the alternating-current charging pile and the accuracy of data reading.
The invention discloses a detection system for an alternating-current charging pile of an electric automobile, which comprises a main control module, a charging gun connecting socket, an electric energy metering unit, an alternating-current contactor, a power analyzer, a load module, a PC (personal computer) control terminal and an oscilloscope.
The main control module comprises a power supply conversion unit, a CPU (central processing unit) processor, a man-machine interaction unit, a peripheral interface unit, a charging gun connection state detection unit, an output control unit and a load monitoring unit, wherein the CPU processor, the man-machine interaction unit, the peripheral interface unit, the charging gun connection state detection unit, the output control unit and the load monitoring unit are powered by the power supply conversion unit. An ADC module in the CPU processor collects a voltage value output by the charging gun connection state detection unit, data interaction with a PC control end and an electric energy metering unit is realized through the peripheral interface unit, and the state of an IO port is changed to realize the control function of relays in the human-computer interaction unit and the output control unit. The man-machine interaction unit comprises a status indicator light and a voice module. The number of the status indicator lamps is three, R is a power indicator lamp and is red, G is a test operation indicator lamp and is green, and Y is an alarm indicator lamp and is yellow. The peripheral interface unit comprises a standby expansion interface circuit, an electric energy meter interface circuit and a USB interface circuit. The USB interface circuit adopts a CH340T chip to realize the conversion from an external serial port on a CPU processor chip to a USB serial port, and leads out a USB interface to be connected with a control end of a PC; the electric energy meter interface circuit adopts an SP3485EN chip to realize the conversion from an on-chip external serial port of the CPU processor to an RS485 serial port, and an RS485 interface is led out to be connected with the electric energy metering unit; the spare expansion interface circuit leads out the other three peripheral serial ports of the CPU processor, wherein two of the spare expansion interface circuits adopt MAX3232ESE chips to realize 232 interfaces, and one of the spare expansion interface circuits adopts SP3485EN chips to realize 485 interfaces. The charging gun connection state detection unit is connected with CC and CP output ports of the charging gun connection socket, and detects the connection state of the charging gun plug and the charging gun connection socket by acquiring the voltage of the CP output port in real time; the charging gun connection state detection unit performs rectification and voltage reduction operations on the PWM signal output by the CP output port, so that the output signal can meet the voltage acquisition range of an ADC module in the CPU processor; and the charging gun connection state detection unit is connected with the oscilloscope by leading out a CC and CP output terminal, and the oscilloscope detects the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of the PWM signal output by the charging pile in the charging process. The charging gun connection state detection unit is internally provided with a first analog switch and a second analog switch which are composed of two S8050 type triodes and used for simulating different states of a vehicle-mounted charger: when the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket and the first and second simulation switches are disconnected, the fully separated state of the vehicle and the charging gun in actual charging is simulated; when the charging gun plug is connected with the charging connection socket, the first analog switch is closed, and the second analog switch is disconnected, the fact that the vehicle is completely connected with the charging gun in actual charging but cannot be charged is simulated; when the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket and the first and second simulation switches are closed, the vehicle is completely connected with the charging gun in the actual charging simulation, and the vehicle is ready to be in a charging permission state.
The input end of the electric energy metering unit is connected with the L, N output port of the charging gun connecting socket, and the output end of the electric energy metering unit is connected with the alternating current contactor; the PE output port of the charging gun connecting socket is grounded through the load module. And the charging state information measured by the electric energy metering unit is uploaded to upper computer software at the control end of the PC through the CPU. The alternating current contactor is controlled to be opened and closed by the output control unit, and then the input of the alternating current of the load module is controlled. The output control unit comprises a relay and an isolation amplifying circuit; the relay is connected with 220V mains supply; the CPU processor changes the output IO state and controls the relay to be opened and closed after the IO state is amplified by the isolation amplifying circuit, if the relay is closed, the coil of the alternating current contactor is electrified, and the contact of the alternating current contactor is closed; the electric energy metering unit is connected with the adjustable power resistance module of the load module through the alternating current contactor.
The load module comprises an adjustable power resistor module and a cooling device; the adjustable power resistor module consists of power resistors R1, R2 and R3 with the same resistance value and alternating current relays KM1, KM2 and KM 3; one end of a power resistor R1 is connected with one end of a power resistor R2 and one end of a power resistor R3, and the other end of the power resistor R1 is connected with one end of an alternating current relay KM 1; the other end of the alternating current relay KM1 is connected with one end of an alternating current relay KM2 and one end of an alternating current relay KM 3; the other end of the alternating current relay KM2 is connected with the other end of the alternating current relay KM2, and the other end of the alternating current relay KM3 is connected with the other end of the alternating current relay KM 3; and sending an instruction to a CPU (central processing unit) processor of the main control module through a PC (personal computer) control terminal 7, wherein the CPU processor controls the on and off of the alternating current relays KM1, KM2 and KM3 through the load monitoring unit. The load monitoring unit detects the temperature of the load working environment, and the CPU judges that the temperature of the load working environment is too high, and controls the cooling device to be started through the load monitoring unit.
The power analyzer is in a model of WT1804E, and a current input terminal of the power analyzer detects alternating current output by the alternating current contactor; and a voltage input terminal of the power analyzer is connected with the load module in parallel, and is used for measuring the charging state information of the alternating current output by the charging pile. And the charging state information measured by the power analyzer is synchronously displayed in the upper computer software of the control end of the PC.
The power conversion unit is connected with 220V mains supply and outputs three different voltages of 12V, 5V and 3V through AC/DC conversion.
The CPU processor adopts a programmable microprocessor with the model of STM32F103VCT 6.
The charging gun connecting socket adopts a standard alternating current charging interface of an electric automobile.
The electric energy metering unit adopts a DDZY3366 series single-phase cost control intelligent electric energy meter.
The detection method of the electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system specifically comprises the following steps:
after the power is switched on, the power indicator lights are turned on, and manual operation or automatic operation is selected through the software of the upper computer at the control end of the PC.
① manual operation flow:
the method comprises the following steps: the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket.
Step two: and manually closing an analog switch I in the charging gun connection state detection unit through PC control end upper computer software, and observing the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of a PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile body through an oscilloscope.
Step three: and manually closing an analog switch II in the charging gun connection state detection unit through PC control end upper computer software, and observing the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of a PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile body through an oscilloscope.
Step four: the upper computer software at the control end of the PC controls the AC relay KM1 to be closed, or controls the AC relays KM1 and KM2 to be closed simultaneously, or controls the AC relays KM1, KM2 and KM3 to be closed simultaneously, so that three-gear conversion of the access loop resistor is realized, and the conditions of accessing different loads are simulated. Meanwhile, when the CPU judges that the load working environment temperature detected by the load monitoring unit is higher than the set upper limit temperature, the cooling device is in an open state, and the working environment temperature of the load module is reduced; and when the CPU judges that the temperature of the load working environment detected by the load monitoring unit is less than the set lower limit temperature, the cooling device is in a closed state.
Step five: and the upper computer software at the control end of the PC manually sends an instruction to the main control module to close the relay, so that the AC contactor is controlled to be closed, and the test operation indicator lamp is lightened.
Step six: the CPU processor reads the electric energy dynamic parameters collected by the electric energy metering unit and sends the data to the PC control end through the USB interface circuit; the power analyzer measures the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value output by the pile body of the alternating current charging pile of the electric automobile and transmits the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value to the upper computer software of the control end of the PC; and starting a timer in the CPU processor, comparing and analyzing data displayed by upper computer software at the control end of the PC with display data of the pile body of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile, and analyzing the quality of alternating current output by the pile body of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile through a harmonic value.
In the manual operation process, in the operation process from the first step to the sixth step, duty ratio, frequency and waveform information of PWM signals output by the pile body of the alternating-current charging pile of the electric automobile are continuously observed through an oscilloscope; and the test is selected to be finished at any time through the upper computer software of the control end of the PC.
② automatic operation flow:
the method comprises the following steps: the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket.
Step two: and the CPU automatically closes the first analog switch and the second analog switch in the charging gun connection state detection unit.
Step three: the upper computer software at the control end of the PC controls the AC relay KM1 to be closed, or controls the AC relays KM1 and KM2 to be closed simultaneously, or controls the AC relays KM1, KM2 and KM3 to be closed simultaneously, so that three-gear conversion of the access loop resistor is realized, and the conditions of accessing different loads are simulated. Meanwhile, when the CPU judges that the load working environment temperature detected by the load monitoring unit is higher than the set upper limit temperature, the cooling device is in an open state, and the working environment temperature of the load module is reduced; and when the CPU judges that the temperature of the load working environment detected by the load monitoring unit is less than the set lower limit temperature, the cooling device is in a closed state.
Step four: the CPU processor automatically closes the relay, so as to control the AC contactor to be closed, and the test operation indicator lamp is lighted.
Step five: the CPU processor reads the electric energy dynamic parameters collected by the electric energy metering unit and sends the data to the PC control end through the USB interface circuit; the power analyzer measures the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value output by the charging pile and transmits the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value to the PC machine control end upper computer; and comparing and analyzing data displayed by the upper computer at the control end of the PC with display data of the pile body of the alternating-current charging pile of the electric automobile, and analyzing the quality of the output alternating current through a harmonic value.
In the automatic operation process, in the operation process of the first step to the fifth step, duty ratio, frequency and waveform information of PWM signals output by the pile body of the alternating current charging pile of the electric automobile are continuously observed through an oscilloscope; and the test is selected to be finished at any time through the upper computer software of the control end of the PC.
In steps two to six of manual operation process and step two to five of automatic operation process, the PWM signal of electric automobile alternating-current charging stake pile body output is detected in real time to the rifle connection status detecting element that charges, and the testing process specifically as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: setting three charging state flag bits by the CPU processor, and marking a charging state one at a first position; wherein, a mark position of the charging state corresponds to a state that the charging gun plug is completely separated from the vehicle in actual charging; the first sign position of the charging state II indicates that the first analog switch is closed and corresponds to the fact that a charging gun plug is connected with a vehicle in actual charging, but the vehicle is not prepared and cannot be in a charging state; and the first sign position of the charging state indicates that the second analog switch is closed, and the charging gun plug is connected with the vehicle corresponding to actual charging, so that the vehicle is prepared and the charging state is allowed.
Step two: the CPU detects a CC end signal of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile and a PWM signal output by a CP end through the charging gun connection state detection unit, and judges whether the set charging state flag bit corresponds to the voltage positive peak value of the CC end signal of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile and the voltage positive peak value of the PWM signal output by the CP end. If not, the upper computer of the control end of the PC prompts that the PWM signal is abnormal, the voice module sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended. And if so, performing the third step.
Step three: the CPU processor starts a timer. And C, judging whether the first analog switch is closed, if so, performing the step four, and otherwise, judging whether the manual operation process is performed. And returning to the step two if the operation is in the manual operation process, otherwise, judging whether the first closing of the analog switch is overtime. If the time is out, the upper computer of the control end of the PC prompts the analog switch to fail to close, the voice module sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended. And returning to the step two if the time is not out.
Step four: and the first flag position of the charging state two, the first flag bit of the charging state is cleared, and the timer is restarted. And judging whether the analog switch II is closed, if so, performing the step five, and otherwise, judging whether the operation process is a manual operation process. And if the operation is in the manual operation process, returning to the step two, otherwise, judging whether the closing of the analog switch two is overtime. If the time is out, the upper computer at the control end of the PC prompts that the second analog switch is failed to be closed, the voice module sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended. And returning to the step two if the time is not out.
Step five: the first flag position of the charging state is reset, the second flag position of the charging state is cleared, the timer is closed, if the upper computer software of the control end of the PC finishes the test, the third flag position of the charging state is cleared, and the test is stopped; otherwise, returning to the step two.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention simulates the charging process of the electric automobile and can realize the function test of the alternating current charging pile; the manual and automatic control process of the detection process can be realized by adopting the upper computer software of the PC LabVIEW; can simulate on-vehicle machine internal switch that charges, provide and judge the required voltage signal of rifle connection status that charges, simultaneously can real-time supervision alternating-current charging stake control guide circuit output's PWM signal.
2. The invention can accurately collect the charging state information (voltage, current, harmonic wave and power) in the charging process, display the charging state information on the PC, and compare and judge the charging state information with the display data of the pile body of the charging pile. And adjust the load size through the PC according to actual need, simulate the actual situation of charging of different model equipment, carry out abundant test to filling electric pile.
3. The invention designs human-computer interaction equipment such as voice reminding and indicator light display, and can remind testers of the test progress.
4. The circuit provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and simplicity in operation, and can completely simulate the process of using the alternating current charging pile by an actual vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a load module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the manual operation detection of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the automatic operation detection of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of detecting the PWM signal output from the electric vehicle ac charging pile body in real time according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system comprises a main control module 1, a charging gun connecting socket 2, an electric energy metering unit 3, an alternating-current contactor 4, a power analyzer 5, a load module 6, a PC machine control end 7 and an oscilloscope 8. The main control module 1 comprises a power conversion unit 1.2, a CPU (central processing unit) processor 1.1 powered by the power conversion unit 1.2, a human-computer interaction unit 1.3, a peripheral interface unit 1.4, a charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5, an output control unit 1.6 and a load monitoring unit 1.7.
The power conversion unit 1.2 is connected with 220V mains supply and outputs three different voltages of 12V, 5V and 3V through AC/DC conversion. The CPU processor 1.1 adopts a programmable microprocessor with the model number of STM32F103VCT6, an ADC module in the CPU processor 1.1 collects a voltage value output by a charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5, data interaction with a PC control end 7 and an electric energy metering unit 3 is realized through a peripheral interface unit 1.4, and the state of an IO port is changed to realize the control function on a man-machine interaction unit 1.3 and a relay 1.6.2 of an output control unit 1.6.
The human-computer interaction unit 1.3 comprises a status indicator lamp 1.3.1 and a voice module 1.3.2. Three status indicator lamps 1.3.1 in total, wherein R is a power indicator lamp and is red, G is a test operation indicator lamp and is green, and Y is an alarm indicator lamp and is yellow; the voice module 1.3.2 is used for reminding the tester of the test progress and giving an alarm.
The peripheral interface unit 1.4 comprises a standby expansion interface circuit 1.4.3, an electric energy meter interface circuit 1.4.2 and a USB interface circuit 1.4.1. The USB interface circuit 1.4.1 adopts a CH340T chip to realize the conversion from the peripheral serial port to the USB serial port on the CPU processor 1.1, and the USB interface is led out to be connected with the PC control end 7, so that the normal and stable communication between the main control module 1 and the PC control end 7 is ensured. The electric energy meter interface circuit 1.4.2 adopts an SP3485EN chip to realize the conversion from the on-chip peripheral serial port of the CPU processor 1.1 to the RS485 serial port, and leads out the RS485 interface to be connected with the electric energy metering unit 3, thereby ensuring the normal and stable communication between the main control module 1 and the electric energy metering unit 3. The spare expansion interface circuit 1.4.3 leads out the other three peripheral serial ports of the CPU processor for spare use, wherein two of the serial ports adopt MAX3232ESE chips to realize 232 interface, and one adopts SP3485EN chip to realize 485 interface. The PC control end 7 realizes the control of the test flow and the display function of the acquired data through upper computer software written by Labview.
The charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 is connected with the CC and CP output ports of the charging gun connection socket 2, and is used for detecting the connection state of the charging gun plug 9.1 and the charging gun connection socket 2 by acquiring the voltage of the CP output port in real time; the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 performs rectification and voltage reduction operations on the PWM signal output by the CP output port, so that the output signal can meet the voltage acquisition range of an ADC module in the CPU processor 1.1; the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 is connected with the oscilloscope 8 by leading out the CC and CP output terminal, and the oscilloscope 8 detects the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of the PWM signal output by the charging pile in the charging process. Further, a first analog switch and a second analog switch which are composed of two S8050 type triodes are arranged in the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 and are used for simulating different states of a vehicle-mounted charger: when a charging gun plug 9.1 (the charging gun plug 9.1 is connected with an electric automobile alternating current charging pile body 9, and the electric automobile alternating current charging pile body 9 is connected with 220V commercial power) is connected with a charging gun connecting socket 2, and a first simulation switch and a second simulation switch are disconnected, a state that a vehicle and a charging gun are completely separated in actual charging is simulated; when the charging gun plug 9.1 is connected with the charging connecting socket 2, the first analog switch is closed and the second analog switch is disconnected, the fact that the vehicle is completely connected with the charging gun in actual charging is simulated, but the charging state cannot be carried out; when the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket 2 and the first and second simulation switches are closed, the vehicle is simulated to be completely connected with the charging gun in actual charging, and the vehicle is ready to be in a charging permission state.
The charging gun connecting socket 2 adopts a standard electric automobile alternating current charging interface and is used for connecting a charging gun plug 9.1.
The electric energy metering unit 3 adopts a DDZY3366 series single-phase cost control intelligent electric energy meter, the input end of the electric energy metering unit is connected with the L, N output port of the charging gun connecting socket 2 to realize the metering of the output electric energy of the charging pile 9, and the output end of the electric energy metering unit is connected with the alternating current contactor 4; the PE output port of the charging gun connection socket 2 is grounded via the load module 6. The charging state information measured by the electric energy metering unit 3 is uploaded to the upper computer software of the PC control end 7 through the CPU 1.1. The AC contactor 4 is controlled by the output control unit 1.6 to be opened and closed, and then the input of the AC of the load module 6 is controlled. The output control unit 1.6 comprises a relay 1.6.2 and an isolation amplifying circuit 1.6.1; the relay 1.6.2 is connected with 220V commercial power; the CPU processor 1.1 changes the output IO state and controls the opening and closing action of the relay 1.6.2 after being amplified by the isolation amplifying circuit 1.6.1, if the relay 1.6.2 is closed, the coil of the alternating current contactor 4 is electrified, the contact of the alternating current contactor 4 is closed, and the small current control of the large current is realized; the electric energy metering unit 3 is connected with an adjustable power resistance module 6.1 of the load module 6 through an alternating current contactor 4.
The load module 6 comprises an adjustable power resistance module 6.1 and a cooling device 6.2; the adjustable power resistor module 6.1 consists of power resistors R1, R2 and R3 with the same resistance value and alternating current relays KM1, KM2 and KM 3; one end of a power resistor R1 is connected with one end of a power resistor R2 and one end of a power resistor R3, and the other end of the power resistor R1 is connected with one end of an alternating current relay KM 1; the other end of the alternating current relay KM1 is connected with one end of an alternating current relay KM2 and one end of an alternating current relay KM 3; the other end of the alternating current relay KM2 is connected with the other end of the alternating current relay KM2, and the other end of the alternating current relay KM3 is connected with the other end of the alternating current relay KM 3; the tester sends an instruction to the CPU processor 1.1 of the main control module 1 through the PC controller 7, and the CPU processor 1.1 controls the on and off of the ac relays KM1, KM2 and KM3 through the load monitoring unit 1.7, so as to realize three-stage switching of the access loop resistor, simulate the condition of the adjustable power resistor module 6.1 when being accessed to different loads, and comprehensively test the output function of the charging pile. Meanwhile, when the load monitoring unit 1.7 detects the temperature of the load working environment and the CPU processor 1.1 determines that the temperature of the load working environment is too high, the load monitoring unit 1.7 controls the cooling device 6.2 (in this embodiment, a fan is used) to be turned on, so as to reduce the working temperature of the adjustable power resistor module 6.1.
The power analyzer 5 is of a model WT1804E, and a current input terminal of the power analyzer detects alternating current output by the alternating current contactor 4; the voltage input terminal of the power analyzer 5 is connected in parallel with the load module 6, and measures the charging state information (including voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value) of the alternating current output by the charging pile. The charging state information measured by the power analyzer 5 is synchronously displayed in the upper computer software of the PC control end 7, and is compared and judged with the charging pile body display data.
The PC control end 5 adopts LabVIEW to compile upper computer software, a tester observes acquisition parameters and test results uploaded by the CPU processor 1.1 and the power analyzer 5 through the upper computer software, and meanwhile, the upper computer software selects two modes of automatic testing and manual testing to control the main control board 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the detection method of the electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system specifically includes the following steps:
after the power is on, the power indicator lights are turned on, and manual operation or automatic operation is selected through the upper computer software of the PC control terminal 5.
① manual operation flow:
the method comprises the following steps: the charging gun plug 9.1 is connected with the charging gun connecting socket 2.
Step two: the first analog switch in the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 is manually closed through the upper computer software of the PC control end 7, and the oscilloscope 8 observes the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of a PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile body 9.
Step three: and the analog switch II in the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 is manually closed through the upper computer software of the PC control end 7, and the oscilloscope 8 observes the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of the PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile body 9.
Step four: the upper computer software of the PC control end 7 controls the AC relay KM1 to be closed, or controls the AC relays KM1 and KM2 to be closed simultaneously, or controls the AC relays KM1, KM2 and KM3 to be closed simultaneously, so that three-gear conversion of the access loop resistor is realized, and the conditions of accessing different loads are simulated. Meanwhile, when the CPU processor 1.1 judges that the load working environment temperature detected by the load monitoring unit 1.7 is higher than the set upper limit temperature, the cooling device 6.2 is in an open state, and the working environment temperature of the load module 6 is reduced; and when the CPU processor 1.1 judges that the temperature of the load working environment detected by the load monitoring unit 1.7 is less than the set lower limit temperature, the temperature reduction device 6.2 is in a closed state.
Step five: the upper computer software of the PC control end 7 manually sends an instruction to the main control module 1 to close the relay 1.6.2, so that the AC contactor 4 is controlled to be closed, and the test operation indicator lamp is lightened.
Step six: the CPU 1.1 reads the electric energy dynamic parameters collected by the electric energy metering unit 3 and sends the data to the PC control end 7 through the USB interface circuit; the power analyzer measures the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value output by the electric automobile alternating current charging pile body 9 and transmits the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value to the upper computer software of the PC control end 7; the internal timer of the CPU processor 1.1 is started, data displayed by upper computer software of the PC control end 7 and display data of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile body 9 are compared and analyzed, and meanwhile, the alternating current output by the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile body 9 is analyzed according to the harmonic value.
In the manual operation process, in the operation process from the first step to the sixth step, the duty ratio, the frequency and the waveform information of the PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating current charging pile body 9 are continuously observed through an oscilloscope; the test is finished by the upper computer software of the PC control end 7 at any time.
② automatic operation flow:
the method comprises the following steps: the charging gun plug 9.1 is connected with the charging gun connecting socket 2.
Step two: the CPU processor 1.1 automatically closes the first analog switch and the second analog switch in the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5.
Step three: the upper computer software of the PC control end 7 controls the AC relay KM1 to be closed, or controls the AC relays KM1 and KM2 to be closed simultaneously, or controls the AC relays KM1, KM2 and KM3 to be closed simultaneously, so that three-gear conversion of the access loop resistor is realized, and the conditions of accessing different loads are simulated. Meanwhile, when the CPU processor 1.1 judges that the load working environment temperature detected by the load monitoring unit 1.7 is higher than the set upper limit temperature, the cooling device 6.2 is in an open state, and the working environment temperature of the load module 6 is reduced; and when the CPU processor 1.1 judges that the temperature of the load working environment detected by the load monitoring unit 1.7 is less than the set lower limit temperature, the temperature reduction device 6.2 is in a closed state.
Step four: the CPU processor 1.1 automatically closes the relay 1.6.2, and then controls the AC contactor 4 to be closed, and the test operation indicator lamp is lighted.
Step five: the CPU 1.1 reads the electric energy dynamic parameters collected by the electric energy metering unit 3 and sends the data to the PC control end 7 through the USB interface circuit; the power analyzer measures the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value output by the charging pile and transmits the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value to the upper computer of the PC control end 7; and comparing and analyzing data displayed by an upper computer at the control end 7 of the PC with display data of the pile body 9 of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile, and analyzing the quality of the output alternating current through a harmonic value.
In the automatic operation process, in the operation process of the first step to the fifth step, duty ratio, frequency and waveform information of a PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating current charging pile body 9 are continuously observed through an oscilloscope; the test is finished by the upper computer software of the PC control end 7 at any time.
As shown in fig. 5, in steps two to six of the manual operation process and steps two to five of the automatic operation process, the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 detects the PWM signal output by the electric vehicle ac charging pile body 9 in real time, and the detection process is specifically as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the CPU 1.1 sets three charging state flag bits, and sets a first charging state flag bit to a first position; wherein, a mark position of the charging state corresponds to a state that the charging gun plug is completely separated from the vehicle in actual charging; the first sign position of the charging state II indicates that the first analog switch is closed and corresponds to the fact that a charging gun plug is connected with a vehicle in actual charging, but the vehicle is not prepared and cannot be in a charging state; and the first sign position of the charging state indicates that the second analog switch is closed, and the charging gun plug is connected with the vehicle corresponding to actual charging, so that the vehicle is prepared and the charging state is allowed.
Step two: the CPU 1.1 detects a CC end signal of the electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile 9 and a PWM signal output by a CP end through the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5, and judges whether a charging state flag bit set corresponds to a CC end signal of the electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile 9 and a voltage forward peak value of the PWM signal output by the CP end or not (when a charging state two flag bit is in a first state, a voltage forward peak value of the PWM signal has a voltage drop due to the fact that an analog switch is closed, and when a charging state three flag bit is in a first state, a voltage forward peak value of the PWM signal has another voltage drop due to the fact that an analog switch is closed). If not, the upper computer of the PC control end 7 prompts that the PWM signal is abnormal, the voice module 1.3.2 sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended. And if so, performing the third step.
Step three: the CPU processor 1.1 starts a timer. And C, judging whether the first analog switch is closed, if so, performing the step four, and otherwise, judging whether the manual operation process is performed. And returning to the step two if the operation is in the manual operation process, otherwise, judging whether the first closing of the analog switch is overtime. If the time is out, the upper computer of the PC control end 7 prompts the analog switch to fail to close, the voice module 1.3.2 sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended. And returning to the step two if the time is not out.
Step four: and the first flag position of the charging state two, the first flag bit of the charging state is cleared, and the timer is restarted. And judging whether the analog switch II is closed, if so, performing the step five, and otherwise, judging whether the operation process is a manual operation process. And if the operation is in the manual operation process, returning to the step two, otherwise, judging whether the closing of the analog switch two is overtime. If the time is out, the upper computer of the PC control end 7 prompts that the second analog switch is failed to be closed, the voice module 1.3.2 sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended. And returning to the step two if the time is not out.
Step five: the first flag position of the charging state three, the second flag position of the charging state is cleared, the timer is closed, if the upper computer software of the PC control end 7 finishes the test, the third flag position of the charging state is cleared, and the test is stopped; otherwise, returning to the step two.
According to the invention, different states in the connection between the vehicle and the charging pile are replaced by the closing of the first and second analog switches, the resistance connected to the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 is changed by the closing of the first and second analog switches, the voltage positive peak value of the PWM signal output by the electric vehicle alternating current charging pile 9 detected by the charging gun connection state detection unit 1.5 is changed differently due to the change of the resistance, and the voltage is the basis for judging the connection state between the alternating current charging pile and the vehicle in actual charging.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile alternating-current charging stake detecting system, includes host system, rifle connection socket, electric energy metering unit, ac contactor, power analysis appearance, load module, PC machine control end and oscilloscope, its characterized in that charges:
the main control module comprises a power supply conversion unit, a CPU (central processing unit) powered by the power supply conversion unit, a man-machine interaction unit, a peripheral interface unit, a charging gun connection state detection unit, an output control unit and a load monitoring unit; an ADC module in the CPU processor collects a voltage value output by a charging gun connection state detection unit, realizes data interaction with a PC control end and an electric energy metering unit through an external interface unit, and changes the state of an IO port to realize the control function of a relay in a human-computer interaction unit and an output control unit; the human-computer interaction unit comprises a state indicator light and a voice module; three status indicator lamps are provided, wherein R is a power indicator lamp and is red, G is a test operation indicator lamp and is green, and Y is an alarm indicator lamp and is yellow; the external interface unit comprises a standby expansion interface circuit, an electric energy meter interface circuit and a USB interface circuit; the USB interface circuit adopts a CH340T chip to realize the conversion from an external serial port on a CPU processor chip to a USB serial port, and leads out a USB interface to be connected with a control end of a PC; the electric energy meter interface circuit adopts an SP3485EN chip to realize the conversion from an on-chip external serial port of the CPU processor to an RS485 serial port, and an RS485 interface is led out to be connected with the electric energy metering unit; the spare expansion interface circuit leads out the other three peripheral serial ports of the CPU processor, wherein two of the spare expansion interface circuits adopt MAX3232ESE chips to realize 232 interfaces, and one of the spare expansion interface circuits adopts SP3485EN chips to realize 485 interfaces; the charging gun connection state detection unit is connected with CC and CP output ports of the charging gun connection socket, and detects the connection state of the charging gun plug and the charging gun connection socket by acquiring the voltage of the CP output port in real time; the charging gun connection state detection unit performs rectification and voltage reduction operations on the PWM signal output by the CP output port, so that the output signal can meet the voltage acquisition range of an ADC module in the CPU processor; the charging gun connection state detection unit is connected with an oscilloscope, and a CC and CP output terminal is led out from the charging gun connection state detection unit and is connected with the oscilloscope; the charging gun connection state detection unit is internally provided with two analog switches I and two analog switches II for simulating different states of a vehicle-mounted charger: when the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket and the first and second simulation switches are disconnected, the fully separated state of the vehicle and the charging gun in actual charging is simulated; when the charging gun plug is connected with the charging connection socket, the first analog switch is closed, and the second analog switch is disconnected, the fact that the vehicle is completely connected with the charging gun in actual charging but cannot be charged is simulated; when the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket and the first and second simulation switches are closed, the fact that the vehicle is completely connected with the charging gun in actual charging is simulated, and the vehicle is ready to be in a charging-allowed state;
the input end of the electric energy metering unit is connected with the L, N output port of the charging gun connecting socket, and the output end of the electric energy metering unit is connected with the alternating current contactor; the PE output port of the charging gun connecting socket is grounded through the load module; the charging state information measured by the electric energy metering unit is uploaded to upper computer software at the control end of the PC through the CPU; the AC contactor is controlled by the output control unit to be opened and closed, and then the input of the AC of the load module is controlled; the output control unit comprises a relay and an isolation amplifying circuit; the relay is connected with 220V mains supply; the CPU processor changes the output IO state and controls the relay to be opened and closed after the IO state is amplified by the isolation amplifying circuit, if the relay is closed, the coil of the alternating current contactor is electrified, and the contact of the alternating current contactor is closed; the electric energy metering unit is connected with the adjustable power resistance module of the load module through the alternating current contactor;
the load module comprises an adjustable power resistor module and a cooling device; the adjustable power resistor module consists of power resistors R1, R2 and R3 with the same resistance value and alternating current relays KM1, KM2 and KM 3; one end of a power resistor R1 is connected with one end of a power resistor R2 and one end of a power resistor R3, and the other end of the power resistor R1 is connected with one end of an alternating current relay KM 1; the other end of the alternating current relay KM1 is connected with one end of an alternating current relay KM2 and one end of an alternating current relay KM 3; the other end of the alternating current relay KM2 is connected with the other end of the power resistor R2, and the other end of the alternating current relay KM3 is connected with the other end of the power resistor R3; sending an instruction to a CPU processor of the main control module through a PC control end, and controlling the on and off of the alternating current relays KM1, KM2 and KM3 by the CPU processor through a load monitoring unit; the load monitoring unit detects the temperature of the load working environment, and the CPU judges that the temperature of the load working environment is too high, and controls the cooling device to be started through the load monitoring unit;
the power analyzer is in a model of WT1804E, and a current input terminal of the power analyzer detects alternating current output by the alternating current contactor; a voltage input terminal of the power analyzer is connected with the load module in parallel, and the charging state information of the alternating current output by the charging pile is measured; and the charging state information measured by the power analyzer is synchronously displayed in the upper computer software of the control end of the PC.
2. The electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power conversion unit is connected with 220V mains supply and outputs three different voltages of 12V, 5V and 3V through AC/DC conversion.
3. The electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the CPU processor adopts a programmable microprocessor with the model of STM32F103VCT 6.
4. The electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the charging gun connecting socket adopts a standard alternating current charging interface of an electric automobile.
5. The electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric energy metering unit adopts a DDZY3366 series single-phase cost control intelligent electric energy meter.
6. The detection method of the electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
after the power is switched on, the power indicator lights are turned on, and manual operation or automatic operation is selected through the upper computer software at the control end of the PC;
① manual operation flow:
the method comprises the following steps: the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket;
step two: manually closing an analog switch I in the charging gun connection state detection unit through PC control end upper computer software, and observing the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of a PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating current charging pile body through an oscilloscope;
step three: manually closing an analog switch II in the charging gun connection state detection unit through PC control end upper computer software, and observing the duty ratio, frequency and waveform of a PWM signal output by the electric automobile alternating current charging pile body through an oscilloscope;
step four: the upper computer software at the control end of the PC controls the AC relay KM1 to be closed, or controls the AC relay KM1 and the AC relay KM2 to be closed simultaneously, or controls the AC relay KM1, the AC relay KM2 and the AC relay KM3 to be closed simultaneously, so that three-gear conversion of the access loop resistor is realized, and the conditions of accessing different loads are simulated; meanwhile, when the CPU judges that the load working environment temperature detected by the load monitoring unit is higher than the set upper limit temperature, the cooling device is in an open state, and the working environment temperature of the load module is reduced; when the CPU judges that the temperature of the load working environment detected by the load monitoring unit is lower than the set lower limit temperature, the cooling device is in a closed state;
step five: the upper computer software at the control end of the PC manually sends an instruction to the main control module to close the relay, so that the AC contactor is controlled to be closed, and the test operation indicator lamp is lightened;
step six: the CPU processor reads the electric energy dynamic parameters collected by the electric energy metering unit and sends the data to the PC control end through the USB interface circuit; the power analyzer measures the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value output by the pile body of the alternating current charging pile of the electric automobile and transmits the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value to the upper computer software of the control end of the PC; starting a timer in the CPU processor, comparing and analyzing data displayed by upper computer software at the control end of the PC with display data of the pile body of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile, and analyzing the quality of alternating current output by the pile body of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile through a harmonic value;
in the manual operation process, in the operation process from the first step to the sixth step, duty ratio, frequency and waveform information of PWM signals output by the pile body of the alternating-current charging pile of the electric automobile are continuously observed through an oscilloscope; the test is finished by selecting the upper computer software of the control end of the PC at any time;
② automatic operation flow:
the method comprises the following steps: the charging gun plug is connected with the charging gun connecting socket;
step two: the CPU automatically closes a first analog switch and a second analog switch in the charging gun connection state detection unit;
step three: the upper computer software at the control end of the PC controls the AC relay KM1 to be closed, or controls the AC relay KM1 and the AC relay KM2 to be closed simultaneously, or controls the AC relay KM1, the AC relay KM2 and the AC relay KM3 to be closed simultaneously, so that three-gear conversion of the access loop resistor is realized, and the conditions of accessing different loads are simulated; meanwhile, when the CPU judges that the load working environment temperature detected by the load monitoring unit is higher than the set upper limit temperature, the cooling device is in an open state, and the working environment temperature of the load module is reduced; when the CPU judges that the temperature of the load working environment detected by the load monitoring unit is lower than the set lower limit temperature, the cooling device is in a closed state;
step four: the CPU processor automatically closes the relay, so as to control the AC contactor to be closed, and the test operation indicator lamp is lighted;
step five: the CPU processor reads the electric energy dynamic parameters collected by the electric energy metering unit and sends the data to the PC control end through the USB interface circuit; the power analyzer measures the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value output by the charging pile and transmits the alternating current voltage, current, harmonic wave and power value to the PC machine control end upper computer; comparing and analyzing data displayed by an upper computer at the control end of the PC with display data of the pile body of the alternating current charging pile of the electric automobile, and analyzing the quality of the output alternating current through a harmonic value;
in the automatic operation process, in the operation process of the first step to the fifth step, duty ratio, frequency and waveform information of PWM signals output by the pile body of the alternating current charging pile of the electric automobile are continuously observed through an oscilloscope; and the test is selected to be finished at any time through the upper computer software of the control end of the PC.
7. The detection method of the electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile detection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the detection method comprises the following steps: in steps two to six of manual operation process and step two to five of automatic operation process, the PWM signal of electric automobile alternating-current charging stake pile body output is detected in real time to the rifle connection status detecting element that charges, and the testing process specifically as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: setting three charging state flag bits by the CPU processor, and marking a charging state one at a first position; wherein, a mark position of the charging state corresponds to a state that the charging gun plug is completely separated from the vehicle in actual charging; the first sign position of the charging state II indicates that the first analog switch is closed and corresponds to the fact that a charging gun plug is connected with a vehicle in actual charging, but the vehicle is not prepared and cannot be in a charging state; the first sign position of the charging state indicates that the second analog switch is closed, corresponding to the fact that a charging gun plug is connected with a vehicle in actual charging, the vehicle is prepared and the charging state is allowed;
step two: the CPU detects a CC end signal of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile and a PWM signal output by a CP end through a charging gun connection state detection unit, and judges whether a charging state flag bit arranged at one position corresponds to a voltage positive peak value of the CC end signal of the electric automobile alternating-current charging pile and the PWM signal output by the CP end; if not, the upper computer of the PC control end prompts that the PWM signal is abnormal, the voice module sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended; if so, performing the third step;
step three: starting a timer by the CPU processor; judging whether the first analog switch is closed, if so, performing the fourth step, otherwise, judging whether the first analog switch is in a manual operation process; if the operation is in the manual operation process, returning to the step two, otherwise, judging whether the first analog switch is closed overtime or not; if the time is out, the upper computer of the PC control end prompts the analog switch to fail to close, the voice module sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended; if not, returning to the step two;
step four: the first flag position of the charging state II is cleared, and the timer is restarted; judging whether the analog switch II is closed, if so, performing the step five, otherwise, judging whether the operation is in a manual operation process; if the operation is in the manual operation process, returning to the step two, otherwise, judging whether the closing of the analog switch two is overtime; if the time is out, the upper computer at the control end of the PC prompts that the second analog switch is failed to be closed, the voice module sends out voice prompt, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on, and the program of the main control module is ended; if not, returning to the step two;
step five: the first flag position of the charging state is reset, the second flag position of the charging state is cleared, the timer is closed, if the upper computer software of the control end of the PC finishes the test, the third flag position of the charging state is cleared, and the test is stopped; otherwise, returning to the step two.
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