CN108835049B - Method for breeding self-identification male and female geese - Google Patents
Method for breeding self-identification male and female geese Download PDFInfo
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- CN108835049B CN108835049B CN201810940208.XA CN201810940208A CN108835049B CN 108835049 B CN108835049 B CN 108835049B CN 201810940208 A CN201810940208 A CN 201810940208A CN 108835049 B CN108835049 B CN 108835049B
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 title claims abstract 11
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009405 line breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000272808 Anser Species 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 4
- 108700028369 Alleles Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000272816 Anser cygnoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027272 reproductive process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of feather color self-discrimination of meat geese breeding new strains or complete sets in the current goose industry, the invention provides a breeding method capable of self-discriminating male and female geese, which comprises screening of light brown male geese, propagation of mutation groups, breeding of male parent pure lines and female parent pure lines and establishment of complete sets. The method provided by the invention greatly reduces the stress and damage to the gosling; is beneficial to the prevention and control of the goose infectious diseases; the cost of manually turning the anus to identify the male and female links of the gosling is greatly saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a method for breeding self-sexing male and female geese.
Background
With the continuous development and growth of goose industry in China, the problem of sex identification of newborn goslings is highlighted, and technicians always try to conduct detailed research on characteristics of the anus and the feathers of the goslings. At present, the female and male of the newly hatched gosling are required to be identified no matter in the parental generation or the commercial generation, and are respectively treated according to the respective production purposes, so that the feeding cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved. The female and male identification methods of the goslings are few, and can be divided into two types on the whole, wherein one type is the identification method by directly observing reproductive processes or gonads according to the difference of reproductive organ structures of female and male chickens, such as an anus turning method and the like; the other is to use the sex-linked genetic principle to perform hybridization by using a specific variety or strain and directly identify the different colors of the villi of the gosling which is the filial generation of the gosling. At present, the goose production at home and abroad basically has no self-sexing technology of the formed gosling. As a large country for goose production and consumption, in the prior art, the gender identification of goslings in the production of Chinese gooses always adopts the traditional anus turning identification, which not only causes stress and damage to the goslings, is not beneficial to the prevention and control of diseases, but also increases the cost. The problem of self-sexing in goose production is one of the problems to be solved urgently in the goose raising industry in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for breeding self-identification male and female geese.
In production practice, after the light brown open-hole goose male goose is hybridized with the white-feather female goose, the female young goose in the offspring is light brown, and the male young goose is yellow. Research proves that the goose feather color character is mainly formed by the influence of a pair of alleles on a silver feather locus on a Z chromosome, wherein S × S alleles are dominant, and S × Al alleles are recessive. The obvious and implicit relationship between the two is adopted, so that the offspring can have the difference of feather color, and the male and female distinction of the gosling is realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The breeding method of the self-identification male and female geese is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) screening the light brown goslings: screening the offspring of the random mating population of the white-feather goose variety, screening the light brown 1-day-old male and female young birds and the yellow 1-day-old male and female young birds through sensory identification, marking the wing numbers, and feeding in groups;
(2) expanding the mutant population: carrying out propagation by adopting a successive transfer breeding method aiming at the selected individuals;
(3) and (3) breeding of male parent pure line: keeping all light brown male chicks in the offspring obtained by propagation, and carrying out pure line breeding;
(4) and (3) breeding of the female parent pure line: reserving all yellow mother chicks in the offspring obtained by propagation, and carrying out pure line breeding;
(5) and hybridizing the obtained male parent pure line and the female parent pure line, wherein the offspring female young lines are all light brown, and the male young lines are all yellow, so as to obtain the goose feather color self-distinguishing male and female matched line.
Specifically, in the step (1), the light brown 1-day-old male and female broods are worn with red Chinese wing numbers, the yellow 1-day-old male and female broods are worn with green Chinese wing numbers, the feeding conditions are completely the same when the broods are fed in groups, the broods are fed in three-dimensional cages, the ground flat feeding is adopted in the growing period, the female geese in open-breeding are fed in a single cage, and artificial insemination and breeding are adopted during breeding; each family uses a set of semen collecting and semen deposition equipment, and the family can be used separately and disinfected strictly; feeding complete compound feed at corresponding growth stage in each growth period, and performing free feeding and automatic drinking.
Specifically, in the step (2), the sub-breeding method adopts a full-closed cluster sub-breeding method, homogeneous mating and random mating are combined, the comprehensive selection index is combined with an independent elimination method, and the generation interval is 12 months.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention designs the male and female parent genotypes and the hybridization process by utilizing the sex-linked feathering character of the open-eye goose, can directly identify the male and female parents according to the phenotype of the hybrid F1 generation in the cultivation process, and the identification accuracy can reach 100 percent. The method is simple and convenient, is easy to operate, does not need to train special identifying personnel, can save a large amount of cost, has high identifying speed and high accuracy, does not cause any damage to the goslings, improves the survival rate of the chicks, and is favorable for preventing and controlling diseases.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The conditions used in the examples may be further adjusted according to the manufacturer's conditions, and the unexplained conditions are generally conventional experimental conditions.
Example 1
The breeding method of the self-identification male and female geese comprises the following operation steps:
(1) screening the light brown goslings: screening the offspring of a random mating group of the white-feather goose variety, screening light brown 1-day-old male and female young birds and yellow 1-day-old male and female young birds through sensory identification, marking wing numbers, feeding in groups, wearing red Chinese-style wing numbers on the light brown 1-day-old male and female young birds, wearing green Chinese-style wing numbers on the yellow 1-day-old male and female young birds, wherein the feeding conditions are completely the same when feeding in groups, three-dimensional cage feeding is adopted in the brooding period, ground flat feeding is adopted in the breeding period, single-cage feeding is adopted for the female geese in production, and artificial insemination breeding is adopted in the breeding period; each family uses a set of semen collecting and semen deposition equipment, and the family can be used separately and disinfected strictly; feeding complete compound feed at corresponding growth stage in each growth period, and performing free feeding and automatic drinking;
(2) expanding the mutant population: and (3) carrying out propagation aiming at the selected individuals, adopting a full-closed cluster subculture breeding method, combining homomating and random mating, combining a comprehensive selection index and an independent elimination method, and setting the generation interval to be 12 months. (ii) a
(3) And (3) breeding of male parent pure line: keeping all light brown male chicks in the offspring obtained by propagation, and carrying out pure line breeding;
(4) and (3) breeding of the female parent pure line: reserving all yellow mother chicks in the offspring obtained by propagation, and carrying out pure line breeding;
(5) and hybridizing the obtained male parent pure line and the female parent pure line, wherein the offspring female young lines are all light brown, and the male young lines are all yellow, so as to obtain the goose feather color self-distinguishing male and female matched line.
And (3) testing:
in the experiment, 4 light brown open-eye goose male geese and 20 yellow open-eye goose female geese are selected as parents, and F1 generations are generated by hybridization; the male-female ratio is 1: 5, and each group of 6 geese is fed in a single fence. The geese are bred in groups in the same house, are fed and drunk freely, are bred, managed and immunized according to a conventional method, the feathering character condition of the experimental geese is determined when the geese are hatched, the experiment is implemented in a breeding base of the geese of Yangchengfeng animal husbandry Limited company, the number of individuals with different characters in each generation of the resource group is recorded, and statistical analysis is carried out by Excel software.
TABLE 1 Split ratio of the eye opening trait in the hybrid F1 population
The hybridization result shows that 100% of male young geese are yellow downy feathers and 100% of female young geese are light brown downy feathers in the orthogonal F1 generation group of the light brown open-end goose male geese and the yellow open-end goose female geese, and the result shows that the sex-linked inheritance of the goose feather character can be used for self-distinguishing male and female of the young geese in goose hybridization utilization, and has very wide development and utilization prospects.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The breeding method of the self-identification male and female geese is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) screening the light brown goslings: screening the offspring of the random mating population of the white-feather goose variety, screening the light brown 1-day-old male and female young birds and the yellow 1-day-old male and female young birds through sensory identification, marking the wing numbers, and feeding in groups;
(2) expanding the mutant population: carrying out propagation by adopting a successive transfer breeding method aiming at the selected individuals;
(3) and (3) breeding of male parent pure line: keeping all light brown male chicks in the offspring obtained by propagation, and carrying out pure line breeding;
(4) and (3) breeding of the female parent pure line: reserving all yellow mother chicks in the offspring obtained by propagation, and carrying out pure line breeding;
(5) and hybridizing the obtained male parent pure line and the female parent pure line, wherein the offspring female young lines are all light brown, and the male young lines are all yellow, so as to obtain the goose feather color self-distinguishing male and female matched line.
2. The method for breeding self-identification male and female geese according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the light brown 1-day-old male and female geese wear red Chinese wing numbers, the yellow 1-day-old male and female geese wear green Chinese wing numbers, when the geese are bred in groups, the breeding conditions are completely the same, the breeding period adopts three-dimensional cage breeding, the breeding period adopts ground flat breeding, the breeding female geese are bred in a single cage, and the breeding period adopts artificial insemination breeding; each family uses a set of semen collecting and semen deposition equipment, and the family can be used separately and disinfected strictly; feeding complete compound feed at corresponding growth stage in each growth period, and performing free feeding and automatic drinking.
3. The method for cultivating self-sexing male and female geese according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the secondary breeding method adopts a full-closed locked group secondary breeding method, the homogeneous mating and the random mating are combined, the comprehensive selection index is combined with an independent elimination method, and the generation interval is 12 months.
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| CN201810940208.XA CN108835049B (en) | 2018-08-11 | 2018-08-11 | Method for breeding self-identification male and female geese |
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| CN108835049B true CN108835049B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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| CN101627745B (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2012-02-15 | 秦鸿谊 | Method for cultivating half-bred goose |
| CN102696550A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-10-03 | 扬州瑞农科技有限公司 | Breeding method for new high-fatty goose liver yield strain of white-feathered Landaise gooses |
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| GB0802980D0 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2008-03-26 | Atazoa Ltd | Biological materials and uses thereof |
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| CN101627745B (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2012-02-15 | 秦鸿谊 | Method for cultivating half-bred goose |
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