CN108736168A - A kind of optical clear electromagnetism applied to microwave section encodes Meta Materials and basic unit - Google Patents
A kind of optical clear electromagnetism applied to microwave section encodes Meta Materials and basic unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108736168A CN108736168A CN201810493101.5A CN201810493101A CN108736168A CN 108736168 A CN108736168 A CN 108736168A CN 201810493101 A CN201810493101 A CN 201810493101A CN 108736168 A CN108736168 A CN 108736168A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optical clear electromagnetism applied to microwave section to encode Meta Materials and basic unit, including more than one super subelement, the super subelement are mainly made of N × N number of basic cell structure, and N is non-zero positive integer；The basic cell structure is according to corresponding digital coding matrix arrangement on two dimensional surface；The basic cell structure includes the rectangular ITO layer (tin indium oxide) set gradually, dielectric-slab layer, zero transmission layer of air layer, dielectric-slab layer and total reflection.The present invention has many advantages, such as single layer structure, easy to process, and has optically transparent characteristic, can be used for controlling the applications such as wave beam deviation, the radar cross section that can also be used for reduction target.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel manual electromagnetic material more particularly to a kind of optical clear electromagnetism codings in microwave section
Meta Materials.
Background technology
Novel manual electromagnetic material, also known as electromagnetism Meta Materials (Metamaterials) will have geometry in particular
Macroscopical basic unit period/aperiodically arrange, or a kind of people that (or surface) is constituted is implanted in basis material body
Work material.Electromagnetism Meta Materials and traditional sense material difference lies in macro-size unit instead of original microscopic dimensions unit
(atom or molecule).Although the unit size of the two differs greatly, it is all to pass through base that they, which externally power up the response of magnetic wave,
The interaction of this unit resonator system and additional electromagnetic field embodies.Electromagnetism Meta Materials define electromagnetism from the angle of medium
The behavior of wave provides new idea and method for the design of microwave device.
Capasso et al. proposed broad sense Snell's law in 2011, which is that description Meta Materials surface electromagnetism is special
Property philosophy, it is contemplated that electromagnetic wave phase discontinuity for generating and therewith in Meta Materials surface reflection or transmission
The abnormal reflection of generation and refraction behavior.People can design artificial surface texture messenger this phase discontinuity in order to control,
And then the super surface of two dimension can be utilized to regulate and control spatial wave.Achieve the purpose that arbitrary control back wave and refracted wave.It realizes such as
Vortex wave beam and Bezier wave beam etc., it might even be possible to design random phase distribution so that incident wave beam is by random scatter to respectively
A direction forms diffusing reflection, to effectively reduce the Radar Cross Section of target, realizes stealthy.
The unit of above-mentioned Meta Materials is designed by opaque metal and medium, i.e., designed super
Material is all lighttight for visible light, be can not achieve in the stealthy of visible light frequency band.
Invention content
Technical problem：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of light applied to microwave section
Transparent electromagnetic coding Meta Materials and basic unit are learned, by designing specific digital coding matrix and accordingly assigning it to material
In each basic unit, different functions can be independently realized under the irradiation of vertical incidence electromagnetic wave, it is such as abnormal anti-
It penetrates, diffusing scattering, reduce the functions such as Radar Cross Section.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, a kind of optically transparent electromagnetism applied to microwave section of the invention encodes
The technical solution that Meta Materials basic unit uses for：
It includes the rectangular layer of ito set gradually, dielectric-slab layer, air that the electromagnetism, which encodes Meta Materials basic unit,
Zero transmission layer of layer, dielectric-slab layer and total reflection.
Wherein,
The thickness of the dielectric-slab layer is 0.5-1.0mm, and the thickness of dielectric constant 4.5-4.8, air layer are 2-3mm,
Loss angle tangent is 0.01-0.02.
The Meta Materials that the optically transparent electromagnetism applied to microwave section of the present invention encodes Meta Materials basic unit include one
A above super subelement, the super subelement are mainly made of N × N number of basic unit, and N is non-zero positive integer.
The basic unit shares 2 kinds of basic cell structures；By the side for adjusting rectangular layer of ito (1) film
It is long, it obtains independently generating two kinds under the irradiation of the linear polarised electromagnetic wave of normal incidence for each basic cell structure
Digital state response, both digital corresponding two kinds of reflected phases of state response, responds according to two kinds of numerical value states and then obtains 2 differences
Phase number state encodes, this 2 corresponding 2 kinds of basic cell structures of out of phase number state coding.
The digital state response of two kinds of the generation is respectively " 0 " and " 1 ", both digital state responses are two kinds corresponding
Reflected phase is 0 degree and 180 degree；2 phase number states are encoded to " 0 " and " 1 ", indicate anti-under normal incidence electromagnetic wave respectively
Penetrate phase number state.
The cycle length L of the basic unit is 5-7mm.
The rectangular ITO layer length of side of " 0 " number state coding unit is in the geometric parameter of 2 kinds of basic cell structures
The rectangular ITO layer length of side of 2.7mm, " 1 digital state " coding unit are 5.5mm.
The back side of the dielectric-slab layer covers one layer of ito thin film and is formed.
Advantageous effect：A kind of optical clear electromagnetism applied to microwave section provided by the invention encodes Meta Materials and substantially single
Meta structure has the advantages that compared with prior art：
1. the present invention is different from traditional scheme analyzed Meta Materials and designed using effective medium parameter, from number
The angle analysis and design Meta Materials of word coding, greatly simplify design process.
2. the present invention designs metamaterial unit using the glass and ito thin film of transparent material so that designed electromagnetism is super
Material has optically transparent characteristic.
3. the present invention realizes a variety of adjusting functions of the electromagnetism Meta Materials for electromagnetic wave by the combination of different coding sequence,
Including special angle reflected beam, radar cross section (RCS) is reduced, to realize electromagnetism stealth.
4. the present invention has certain broadband character.Designed metamaterial unit can be realized and be wanted in broadband
The design function asked.
5. present invention processing is simple, it is easy to implement.Simple ITO patterns are only relied on, it is easily prepared in microwave frequency band to add
Work.
Description of the drawings
Electromagnetic wave principle of adjustment and control figure of the super surface of coding that Fig. 1 is 1-bit under 4 kinds of different encoder matrixs.
Fig. 2 is the illustraton of model of the basic cell structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is " 0 " and " 1 " digital state coding unit for normal incidence reflection of electromagnetic wave phase response and phase difference.
Fig. 4 is four kinds of different encoder matrix patterns；Fig. 4 (a) be encoder matrix be [0 101 ...] when S1Coding
Pattern；Fig. 4 (b) be encoder matrix be [0 011 ...] when S2Coding pattern；Fig. 4 (c) encoder matrixs are [0 101
.../1 010 ...] when S3Coding pattern；S when Fig. 4 (d) encoder matrixs are random coded4Coding pattern.
Fig. 5 is that encoder matrix is S1、S2And S3When, the Far Field Scattering side of the three peacekeeping two Dimension Numerical Values emulation on three kinds of super surfaces
Xiang Tu；Fig. 5 (a) is S1The three-dimensional Far Field Scattering directional diagram of encoder matrix；Fig. 5 (b) is S1The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering side of encoder matrix
Xiang Tu；Fig. 5 (c) is S2The three-dimensional Far Field Scattering directional diagram of encoder matrix；Fig. 5 (d) is S2The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering side of encoder matrix
Xiang Tu；Fig. 5 (e) is S3The three-dimensional Far Field Scattering directional diagram of encoder matrix；Fig. 5 (f) is S3The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering side of encoder matrix
Xiang Tu.
Fig. 6 is that encoder matrix is S4Super surface three dimension Far Field Scattering directional diagram；Three-dimensional far field when Fig. 6 (a) is 11.5GHz
Scatter directional diagram；Three-dimensional Far Field Scattering directional diagram when Fig. 6 (b) is 12GHz；Three-dimensional Far Field Scattering side when Fig. 6 (c) is 12.5GHz
Xiang Tu.
Fig. 7 is two-dimentional Far Field Scattering directional diagram experimental results；Fig. 7 (a) is S1The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering of encoder matrix
Pattern measurement result；Fig. 7 (b) is S4Two-dimentional Far Field Scattering Pattern measurement result at encoder matrix 11.5GHz frequency points；Figure
7 (c) is S4Two-dimentional Far Field Scattering Pattern measurement result at encoder matrix 12GHz frequency points；Fig. 7 (d) is S4Encoder matrix
Two-dimentional Far Field Scattering Pattern measurement result at 12.5GHz frequency points
Fig. 8 is the configuration diagram of basic cell structure, and wherein Fig. 8 (a) is the front view of basic cell structure, and Fig. 8 (b) is
The sectional view along A-A of Fig. 8 (a).
Wherein have：Rectangular layer of ito 1, dielectric-slab layer 2, air layer 3, zero transmission layer 4 of total reflection.
Each dimensional parameters indicate meaning：A is the rectangular layer of ito length of side；T is layer of ito and total reflection
The thickness of zero transmission layer；H is thickness of glass；H is air layer thickness；P is the cycle length of unit.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of optical clear electromagnetism applied to microwave section of the present invention encodes the basic cell structure of Meta Materials, including successively
The rectangular ITO layer (tin indium oxide) being arranged, dielectric-slab layer, zero transmission layer of air layer, dielectric-slab layer and total reflection.
A kind of optical clear electromagnetism applied to microwave section encodes Meta Materials, including more than one super subelement, institute
It states super subelement to be mainly made of N × N number of basic cell structure, N is non-zero positive integer；The basic cell structure includes side
Shape ITO layer (tin indium oxide), dielectric-slab layer, zero transmission layer of air layer, dielectric-slab layer and total reflection.
Preferably：The basic cell structure shares 2 kinds of basic cell structures；By the side for adjusting rectangular ito thin film
It is long, it obtains independently generating two under the irradiation of the linear polarised electromagnetic wave of normal incidence for each basic cell structure
Digital state is corresponding, both digital corresponding two kinds of reflected phases of state response respond according to two kinds of numerical value states and then obtain 2 differences
Phase number state encodes, basic cell structure in this 2 out of phase number state codings corresponding 2.
Preferably：The two kinds of digital state responses generated are respectively " 0 " and " 1 ", both digital state responses are corresponding
Two kinds of reflected phases are 0 degree and 180 degree；2 phase number states are encoded to " 0 " and " 1 ", indicate under normal incidence electromagnetic wave respectively
Reflected phase number state.
Preferably：The thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.5-1.0mm, and the thickness of dielectric constant 4.5-4.8, air layer are 2-
3mm, loss angle tangent 0.01-0.02.
Preferably：The unit cycle length p of basic cell structure is 5-7mm.
Preferably：The geometric parameter of 2 kinds of basic cell structures is as follows：The rectangular ITO layer length of side of " 0 " number state coding unit
The rectangular ITO layer length of side for 2.7mm, " 1 digital state " coding unit is 5.5mm.
Preferably：The back side of zero transmission layer of the total reflection covers one layer of ito thin film and is formed.
With reference to and specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these examples are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, various equivalences of the those skilled in the art to the present invention
The modification of form falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims.In the present invention, 180 degree is differed with phase response
Two kinds of electromagnetism metamaterial units as two kinds of digital coding states " 0 " and " 1 " unit, by designing different encoder matrixs, with
Realize the regulation and control that specific function is carried out for the electromagnetic wave of normal incidence.Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for the present invention carry out deeper into explain
It states.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that 1-bit electromagnetism coding Meta Materials (super surface) regulate and control electromagnetic wave.For identical
A variety of adjusting functions for electromagnetic wave may be implemented in the super surface of the electromagnetic wave of normal incidence, design different coding matrix, such as
Abnormal reflection, diffusing scattering and the reduction radar cross section of special angle.
Fig. 2 is 1-bit electromagnetism coding metamaterial modular construction schematic diagram." 0 " and " 1 " number state coding unit is from top to bottom
It is followed successively by ito thin film layer, glass medium layer, air layer, glass medium layer and ito thin film layer.The unit week of entire cellular construction
Phase length p is 5-7mm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.5-1.0mm, dielectric constant 4.5-4.8, and loss angle tangent is
The thickness of 0.01-0.02, air layer are 2-3mm.The unit cycle length p of basic cell structure is 5-7mm, the thickness of ito thin film
Degree is 400nm.
As shown in figure 3, the length of side by changing top layer ITO film squares, can obtain phase response difference 180 degree
" 0 " and " 1 " number state coding unit.The length of side of the wherein corresponding ITO film squares of " 0 " digital state coding unit is 2.7mm,
The corresponding ITO film squares length of side of " 1 " number state coding unit is 5.5mm.As can be seen from Fig. 3, two kinds of digital coding state units
At 12Ghz frequency points generate 180 degree phase difference, and in certain bandwidth frequency band two kinds of digital coding state units phase
Difference is all close to 180 degree.
Fig. 4 shows the super surface of coding of four kinds of designed different encoder matrixs.In the present invention, we introduce
Super subelement, each subelement have 5 × 5 identical " 0 " or " 1 " coding unit to constitute to constitute a list
One bits of coded, and a whole super surface is made of 12 × 12 super subelements, therefore the size on the entire super surface of coding is
360mm×360mm。
Fig. 5 is the Far Field Scattering side of the three peacekeeping two Dimension Numerical Values emulation on the super surface under three kinds of different cycles encoder matrixs
Xiang Tu, frequency 12GHz mainly present the adjusting function that super surface makes electromagnetic wave with special angle abnormal reflection.Wherein
S1Encoder matrix is [0 101 ...], encoder matrix mechanical periodicity in the direction of the x axis, constant on y-axis direction；S2Encoder matrix
For [0 011 ...], encoder matrix mechanical periodicity in the direction of the x axis is constant on y-axis direction；S3Encoder matrix is [0 101
.../1 010 ...], encoder matrix mechanical periodicity in x-axis and y-axis direction；
When Fig. 5 (a-b) show vertical normal incidence electromagnetic wave, S1The three peacekeeping two Dimension Numerical Values on the super surface of encoder matrix emulate
Far Field Scattering directional diagram.Reflected beam is emitted for symmetrical dualbeam at this time, and wave beam deflection angle is 24.6 degree.Fig. 5 (c-d) institute
When being shown as vertical normal incidence electromagnetic wave, S2The Far Field Scattering directional diagram of the three peacekeeping two Dimension Numerical Values emulation on the super surface of encoder matrix.
Reflected beam is emitted for symmetrical dualbeam at this time, and wave beam deflection angle is 12 degree.Fig. 5 (e-f) show vertical normal incidence electromagnetism
When wave, S3The Far Field Scattering directional diagram of the three peacekeeping two Dimension Numerical Values emulation on the super surface of encoder matrix.Reflected beam is about z at this time
Axisymmetric four wave beams outgoing, wave beam deflection angle are 36 degree.
Fig. 6 is that encoder matrix is S4Three-dimensional Far Field Scattering directional diagram of the super surface at three different frequencies.Fig. 6 (a)
Encoder matrix is S when being 11.5GHz4Super surface three-dimensional Far Field Scattering directional diagram；Encoder matrix is when Fig. 6 (b) is 12GHz
S4Super surface three-dimensional Far Field Scattering directional diagram；Encoder matrix is S when Fig. 6 (c) is 12.5GHz4Super surface three-dimensional far field
Scatter directional diagram.From Fig. 6 (a), (b) with shown in (c), designed coding is super on 11.5GHz, 12GHz and 12.5GHz frequency point
Good diffusing scattering effect is presented for the electromagnetic wave of normal incidence in surface, effectively reduces the radar scattering in mirror reflection direction
Sectional area.
Fig. 7 is that encoder matrix is S1And S4The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering directional diagram experimental results on the super surface of coding illustrate
Figure.Fig. 7 (a) is S at 12GHz frequencies1The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering directional diagram experimental results on the super surface of coding；Fig. 7 (b) is
S at 11.5GHz frequencies4The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering directional diagram experimental results on the super surface of coding；Fig. 7 (c) is at 12GHz frequencies
S4The two-dimentional Far Field Scattering directional diagram experimental results on the super surface of coding；Fig. 7 (d) is S at 12.5GHz frequencies4The super surface of coding
Two-dimentional Far Field Scattering directional diagram experimental results.It is super that designed optically transparent coding is effectively demonstrated from experimental result
Abnormal reflection is realized for the electromagnetic wave of normal incidence, diffusing scattering, reduces the functions such as Radar Cross Section in surface.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of optically transparent electromagnetism applied to microwave section encodes Meta Materials basic unit, it is characterised in that：The electromagnetism is compiled
Code Meta Materials basic unit includes the rectangular layer of ito (1) set gradually, dielectric-slab layer (2), air layer (3), medium
Plate layer (2) and zero transmission layer of total reflection (4).
2. the optically transparent electromagnetism according to claim 1 applied to microwave section encodes Meta Materials basic unit, special
Sign is：The thickness of the dielectric-slab layer (2) is 0.5-1.0mm, and the thickness of dielectric constant 4.5-4.8, air layer (3) are 2-
3mm, loss angle tangent 0.01-0.02.
3. a kind of substantially single using the optically transparent electromagnetism coding Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1 or 2 applied to microwave section
The Meta Materials of member, it is characterised in that：The Meta Materials include more than one super subelement, and the super subelement is mainly by N
× N number of basic unit composition, N is non-zero positive integer.
4. the optically transparent electromagnetism according to claim 3 applied to microwave section encodes the super material of Meta Materials basic unit
Material, it is characterised in that：The basic unit shares 2 kinds of basic cell structures；It is thin by adjusting rectangular layer of ito (1)
The length of side of film, obtain for each basic cell structure can under the irradiation of the linear polarised electromagnetic wave of normal incidence independent real estate
Raw two kinds of digital state responses, both digital corresponding two kinds of reflected phases of state response, respond according to two kinds of numerical value states and then obtain 2
A out of phase number state coding, this 2 corresponding 2 kinds of basic cell structures of out of phase number state coding.
5. the optically transparent electromagnetism according to claim 3 applied to microwave section encodes the super material of Meta Materials basic unit
Material, it is characterised in that：The digital state response of two kinds of the generation is respectively " 0 " and " 1 ", both digital state responses correspond to respectively
Two kinds of reflected phases be 0 degree and 180 degree；2 phase number states are encoded to " 0 " and " 1 ", indicate normal incidence electromagnetic wave respectively
Under reflected phase number state.
6. the optically transparent electromagnetism according to claim 3 applied to microwave section encodes the super material of Meta Materials basic unit
Material, it is characterised in that：The cycle length L of the basic unit is 5-7mm.
7. the optically transparent electromagnetism according to claim 4 applied to microwave section encodes the super material of Meta Materials basic unit
Material, it is characterised in that：The rectangular ITO layer side of " 0 " number state coding unit in the geometric parameter of 2 kinds of basic cell structures
The rectangular ITO layer length of side of a length of 2.7mm, " 1 digital state " coding unit are 5.5mm.
8. the optically transparent electromagnetism according to claim 3 applied to microwave section encodes the super material of Meta Materials basic unit
Material, it is characterised in that：The back side of the dielectric-slab layer (2) covers one layer of ito thin film and is formed.
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Cited By (1)
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