CN107807367A - A kind of coherent wind laser radar apparatus - Google Patents

A kind of coherent wind laser radar apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107807367A
CN107807367A CN201711069318.5A CN201711069318A CN107807367A CN 107807367 A CN107807367 A CN 107807367A CN 201711069318 A CN201711069318 A CN 201711069318A CN 107807367 A CN107807367 A CN 107807367A
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signal
laser
echo
module
coupler
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CN201711069318.5A
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CN107807367B (en
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黄晨
朱海龙
钱勇
周军
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Nanjing Mulai Laser Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Laser Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/95Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of coherent wind laser radar apparatus.The device includes:Signal generator module, handled for being amplified to multi-wavelength local oscillation signal to produce multiwavelength laser signal;Signal transmitting and receiving module, the echo-signal come is scattered back by atmospheric aerosol particle after being emitted to for multiwavelength laser signal caused by transmission signal generation module and reception multiwavelength laser signal in air, wherein, echo-signal carries wind speed information;Signal processing module, it is coupled to signal generator module and signal transmitting and receiving module, after carrying out beat frequency processing to echo-signal according to multi-wavelength local oscillation signal to produce multiple frequency shift signals, wind speed retrieval is carried out to obtain wind speed information according to multiple frequency shift signals after cumulative.By the above-mentioned means, the present invention can improve the power output of laser signal in laser radar apparatus, so as to improve the signal to noise ratio of laser radar apparatus echo-signal, and then the purpose of the detection performance of laser radar apparatus is improved.

Description

A kind of coherent wind laser radar apparatus
Technical field
The application is related to field of radar, more particularly to a kind of coherent wind laser radar apparatus.
Background technology
Atmospheric wind information is an important resource, and accurate atmospheric wind measurement can improve field of renewable energy wind Can utilization rate, improve climate model establish accuracy, strengthen aircraft landing when security, wind-powered electricity generation, Aero-Space, The fields such as weather meteorology, military affairs suffer from very important researching value.
The means of wind field information measurement are broadly divided into passive type and active two major class, and traditional passive measurement device has Airspeedometer, wind vane and sonde etc., active type measure device have anemometry laser radar, microwave radar and survey sound of the wind radar etc.. Wherein, anemometry laser radar has higher spatial and temporal resolution compared with traditional instrument for wind measurement, can quickly measure wind field information, As the important means of Wind field measurement.
In the prior art, anemometry laser radar comprises at least lasing light emitter and optic fiber amplifying module, wherein, lasing light emitter is general For the laser of Single wavelength.In actual use, when optic fiber amplifying module is amplified to the laser signal of Single wavelength, Due to the narrow linewidth of Single wavelength laser signal, easily there is the nonlinear effect of optic fiber amplifying module, and then laser can be limited The power output of middle Single wavelength laser signal, so as to substantially reduce the detection performance of laser radar.
The content of the invention
The present invention solves the technical problem of provide a kind of coherent wind laser radar apparatus, it is possible to increase laser thunder Up to the power output of middle laser signal, so as to improve the detection performance of laser radar.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention is:A kind of coherent wind laser thunder is provided Up to device, the device includes:Signal generator module, processing is amplified to multi-wavelength local oscillation signal for root to produce multi-wavelength Laser signal;Signal transmitting and receiving module, for multiwavelength laser signal caused by transmission signal generation module and receive multi-wavelength Laser signal is scattered back the echo-signal come by atmospheric aerosol particle after being emitted in air, wherein, echo-signal carries wind Fast information;Signal processing module, signal generator module and signal transmitting and receiving module are coupled to, for according to multi-wavelength local oscillation signal pair After echo-signal carries out beat frequency processing to produce multiple frequency shift signals, wind speed retrieval is carried out according to multiple frequency shift signals after cumulative To obtain wind speed information.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The coherent wind laser radar apparatus of the present invention is believed by launching multiwavelength laser Number, it is possible to increase the power output of laser signal in laser radar, so as to improve the signal to noise ratio of laser radar echo signal, And then improve the purpose of the detection performance of laser radar.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the coherent wind laser radar apparatus of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the coherent wind laser radar apparatus of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fiber amplifier in coherent wind laser radar apparatus shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of signal transmitting and receiving module in coherent wind laser radar apparatus shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the coherent wind laser radar apparatus of third embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only the part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the coherent wind laser radar apparatus of first embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 1, should Device 100 includes signal generator module 11, signal transmitting and receiving module 12 and signal processing module 13.
Signal generator module 11 is used to be amplified multi-wavelength local oscillation signal processing to produce multiwavelength laser signal.
Signal transmitting and receiving module 12 is coupled to signal generator module 11, for multi-wavelength caused by transmission signal generation module 11 Laser signal and reception multiwavelength laser signal are scattered back the echo come by atmospheric aerosol particle after being emitted in air to be believed Number, wherein, echo-signal carries wind speed information;
Signal processing module 13 is coupled to signal generator module 11 and signal transmitting and receiving module 12, for according to multi-wavelength local oscillator After signal carries out beat frequency processing to echo-signal to produce multiple frequency shift signals, enter sector-style according to multiple frequency shift signals after cumulative Fast inverting is to obtain wind speed information.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the coherent wind laser radar apparatus of second embodiment of the invention.As shown in Fig. 2 should Device 200 includes signal generator module 21, signal transmitting and receiving module 22 and signal processing module 23.
Signal generator module 21 is used to be amplified multi-wavelength local oscillation signal processing to produce multiwavelength laser signal.Its In, signal generator module 21 includes being sequentially connected laser 211, beam splitter 212 and fiber amplifier 213.Wherein, laser 211 include the multiple seed source An (n=1,2,3 ...) and the first coupler W1 of different wave length.
Specifically, multiple seed source An connect with corresponding first coupler W1 input respectively, the first coupler W1 output end is connected with the input of beam splitter 212, and the first output end of beam splitter 212 is connected with fiber amplifier 213, point Second output end of beam device 212 is connected with signal processing module 23.
The linear polarization that multiple seed source An employed in the present embodiment are respectively used to produce multiple different wave lengths continuously swashs Light.The wave-length coverage of the linear polarization continuous laser of seed source An outputs employed in the present embodiment is 1.53 μm~1.56 μm. Semiconductor laser, distributed feedback lasers of the seed source An used in the present embodiment for single mode narrow linewidth (Distributed Feedback Laser, DFB) and Distributed Bragg Reflection laser (Distributed Bragg Reflector, DBR) in one kind, wherein DFB and DBR laser band tail optical fiber export.
Multiple seed source An can include a kind of model laser namely be all semiconductor laser, Distributed Feedback Laser or DBR laser, the laser namely part that can also include three kinds of different models are semiconductor laser, are partly DFB and swash Light device, remainder are DBR laser, and the laser that can also include two kinds of different models is for example partly semiconductor laser Device, remainder are DBR laser etc..
The first coupler W1 employed in the present embodiment is used to carry out multiple linear polarization continuous lasers of different wave length Couple to export multi-wavelength local oscillation signal, wherein, multi-wavelength local oscillation signal is continuous laser, and it is multiple linear polarization continuous lasers Set.Change for an angle, the first coupler W1 effect is continuously to swash the linear polarization transmitted respectively in multiple seed sources Light set forms multi-wavelength local oscillation signal to be transmitted in same transmission channel.In the present embodiment, the first coupler W1 is fiber coupler.In other embodiments, the coupler of other forms, such as directional coupler, power can also be used Any one in distributor and various microwave branches device, the application is not specifically limited.
Beam splitter 212 is the Optical devices that light beam is divided into two-beam or multi-beam, point employed in the present embodiment Beam device 212 is fiber optic splitter, and it is used to the multi-wavelength local oscillation signal of the first coupler W1 outputs being divided into two parts, wherein one Part is transmitted to fiber amplifier 213 as the transmission signal of coherent wind laser radar apparatus, and another part is as with being concerned with The input signal that the echo-signal of windfinding laser radar apparatus carries out beat frequency processing is transmitted to signal processing module 23.
Fiber amplifier 213 is used to amplify multi-wavelength local oscillation signal to be launched to produce multiwavelength laser signal.Please one And with reference to figure 3, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fiber amplifier in coherent wind laser radar apparatus shown in Fig. 2.Such as Fig. 3 institutes Showing, fiber amplifier 213 includes the 3rd coupler 30, optical fiber 31, pumping source 32 and wave filter 33, wherein, the 3rd coupler 30 An input be connected to receive multi-wavelength local oscillation signal, another input and pump of the 3rd coupler 30 with beam splitter 212 Pu source 32 is connected to receive pumping signal, and the output end of the 3rd coupler 30 is connected with the input of optical fiber 31, optical fiber 31 Output end is connected with wave filter 33.Wherein, optical fiber 31 is Er-doped fiber or erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber, wave filter 33 be optical filter or Bragg grating.
In the present embodiment, during being amplified processing to multi-wavelength local oscillation signal using fiber amplifier 213, by Multiple frequency contents be present in multi-wavelength local oscillation signal, spectrum produces broadening, so as to increase the increasing of fiber amplifier 213 Benefit, and then obtain the power output of higher multiwavelength laser signal.
Signal transmitting and receiving module 22 is used for multiwavelength laser signal caused by transmission signal generation module 21 and receives more ripples Long laser signal is scattered back the echo-signal come by atmospheric aerosol particle after being emitted in air, wherein, echo-signal carries Wind speed information.
Please also refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the structure of signal transmitting and receiving module in coherent wind laser radar apparatus shown in Fig. 2 Schematic diagram.As shown in figure 4, signal transmitting and receiving module 22 includes the telescope system set gradually along multiwavelength laser signal propagation direction System 34 and optical beam scanning system 35, wherein, telescopic system includes eyepiece and object lens.
Telescopic system 34 can be transmitting and receive coaxial telescopic system, and the focal length of the telescopic system 34 can Adjust.Optical beam scanning system 35 can be that one kind in wedge mirror, scanner and Multichannel photoswitch forms, the used finger for changing light beam To.
Wherein, multiwavelength laser signal output caused by transmission signal generation module 21 to telescopic system 34 eyepiece, Object lens are after beam-expanding collimation through the directive air of optical beam scanning system 35;And the echo-signal come is scattered back by atmospheric aerosol particle Enter telescopic system 34 after the reception of optical beam scanning system 35, and then export to signal processing module 23.
Signal processing module 23 is coupled to signal generator module 21 and signal transmitting and receiving module 22, for according to multi-wavelength local oscillator After signal carries out beat frequency processing to echo-signal to produce multiple frequency shift signals, enter sector-style according to multiple frequency shift signals after cumulative Fast inverting is to obtain wind speed information.Wherein, signal processing module 23 includes the second coupler 231, the balance detection being sequentially connected Device 232, Data Acquisition Card 233 and signal processor 234.
Second coupler 231 is used to export to balanced detector after being coupled multi-wavelength local oscillation signal and echo-signal 232.Wherein, the second coupler 231 includes first input end, the second input and output end, and the first of the second coupler 231 is defeated Enter after end is connected with the second output end of beam splitter 212 and receive multi-wavelength local oscillation signal, the second input of the second coupler 231 Receives echo-signal after being connected with signal transmitting and receiving module 22, the output end of the second coupler 231 be connected with balanced detector 232 with Multi-wavelength local oscillation signal after coupling and echo-signal are sent to balanced detector 232.In the present embodiment, the second coupler 231 be fiber coupler.In other embodiments, the coupler of other forms, such as directional coupler, power can also be used Any one in distributor and various microwave branches device, the application is not specifically limited.
Balanced detector 232 is used to enter the multi-wavelength local oscillation signal after the coupling of the second coupler 231 and echo-signal The processing of row beat frequency, the multiple frequency shift signals related to wind field information are produced, and then multiple frequency shift signals exported after adding up. Wherein, what balanced detector 232 received is two optical signals, and output is an electric signal.
Electric signal that Data Acquisition Card 233 exports to balanced detector 232 namely it is cumulative after frequency shift signal be acquired After export to signal processor 234.
Frequency shift signal after signal processor 234 adds up to what is collected is handled, and can be specifically by signal Reason device 234 carries out wind speed retrieval to obtain wind speed information to the frequency shift signal after adding up.Signal transacting used by the present embodiment Device 234 is one kind in industrial computer or embedded platform.Certainly, in other embodiments, model and species can also be used Signal processor, do not do and further limit herein.
Preferably, coherent wind laser radar apparatus 200 further comprises circulator 24.Wherein, circulator is called isolation Device, its outstanding feature are one-way transmission higher frequency signal energies.It controls electromagnetic wave to be transmitted along a certain belt direction, this unidirectional biography The characteristic of defeated higher frequency signal energy, is used between the output end of high frequency power amplifier and load, plays respective independence, mutually The effect of isolation.
In the present embodiment, circulator 24 includes first end, the second end and the 3rd end, the first end connection letter of circulator 24 The output end of the fiber amplifier 213 of number generation module 21, the second end connection signal transmitting and receiving module 22, at three-terminal link signal Manage the second input of the second coupler of module 23.Wherein, multiwavelength laser signal caused by signal generator module 21 inputs The echo-signal received to signal transmitting and receiving module 22, signal transmitting and receiving module 22 is exported by the second end after to the first end of circulator 24 It is input to behind the second end of circulator 24 by three-polar output to signal processing module 23.
The operation principle of windfinding laser radar apparatus 200 is briefly described below, it is specific as follows:
Linear polarization continuous laser caused by seed source An similar in multiple wavelength is formed after the first coupler W1 to be contained Multi-wavelength local oscillation signal is divided into two parts, a part of multi-wavelength sheet by the multi-wavelength local oscillation signal of multi-frequency composition, beam splitter 212 The signal that shakes is input to fiber amplifier 213 and is amplified processing to obtain multiwavelength laser signal, a part of multi-wavelength local oscillator letter Number it is input to the second coupler 231 and carries out follow-up beat frequency processing.
Wherein, during fiber amplifier 213 amplifies, because multiple frequencies be present in the multi-wavelength local oscillation signal of input Composition, spectrum produce broadening, so as to inhibit the peak-to-peak value power for the laser signal for entering fiber amplifier 213, can effectively carry The threshold value of high Brillouin scattering, increase the gain of fiber amplifier 213, obtain the output work of higher multiwavelength laser signal Rate.
Multiwavelength laser signal is swashed multi-wavelength by the entering signal transceiver module 22 of circulator 24, signal transmitting and receiving module 22 Into air, the aerosol particle and multiwavelength laser signal that are moved in air collide optical signal launch, produce and carry wind The echo-signal of fast information, echo-signal continue to transmit to the second coupler through circulator 24 after being received by signal transmitting and receiving module 22 231.Wherein, echo-signal includes the frequency shift signal of multiple different frequency compositions.
Second coupler 231 is exported to balanced detector 232 after being coupled multi-wavelength local oscillation signal and echo-signal, Balanced detector 232 carries out beat frequency processing to multi-wavelength local oscillation signal and echo-signal, produces related to wind field information multiple After frequency shift signal, and then multiple frequency shift signals are subjected to accumulation process and pass to Data Acquisition Card 233 and signal processor 234, signal processor 234 is according to the corresponding relation between the frequency shift signal and the velocity amplitude of radial direction wind speed after cumulative, by letter Number processing after obtain radial direction wind speed velocity amplitude.
Wherein, in balanced detector 232, due to being detected using multi-wavelength, frequency shift signal caused by each wavelength is through clapping Added up after frequency, the signal to noise ratio of echo-signal, and then the detection performance of improving laser radar can be effectively improved.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the coherent wind laser radar apparatus of third embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 The difference of coherent wind laser radar apparatus 200 shown in shown coherent wind laser radar apparatus 300 and Fig. 2 is:Fig. 5 Shown signal generator module 21 further comprises acousto-optic modulator 41, wherein, acousto-optic modulator 41 is serially connected in beam splitter 212 Between first output end and fiber amplifier 213.
Acousto-optic modulator 41 is used to receive pulse chopping signal and multi-wavelength local oscillation signal, and according to pulse chopping signal pair Multi-wavelength local oscillation signal is modulated processing, to produce multiwavelength laser signal and be transferred to fiber amplifier 213.It is specific next Say, the multi-wavelength local oscillation signal of continuous laser is modulated into pulse laser by acousto-optic modulator 41 by pulse chopping signal, simultaneously Fiber amplifier 213 is input to after forming multiwavelength laser signal after generation shift frequency.That is, in the present embodiment, more ripples Long laser signal is pulse laser.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The coherent wind laser radar apparatus of the present invention is believed by launching multiwavelength laser Number, it is possible to increase the power output of laser signal in laser radar, so as to improve the signal to noise ratio of laser radar echo signal, And then improve the purpose of the detection performance of laser radar.
Embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this The equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that description of the invention and accompanying drawing content are made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other correlations Technical field, it is included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of coherent wind laser radar apparatus, it is characterised in that described device includes:
Signal generator module, handled for being amplified to multi-wavelength local oscillation signal to produce multiwavelength laser signal;
Signal transmitting and receiving module, for launching described in the multiwavelength laser signal caused by the signal generator module and reception Multiwavelength laser signal is scattered back the echo-signal come by atmospheric aerosol particle after being emitted in air, wherein, the echo Signal carries wind speed information;
Signal processing module, the signal generator module and the signal transmitting and receiving module are coupled to, for according to the multi-wavelength After local oscillation signal carries out beat frequency processing to the echo-signal to produce multiple frequency shift signals, according to multiple frequencies after cumulative Shifting signal carries out wind speed retrieval to obtain the wind speed information.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described device further comprises circulator, the circulator Including first end, the second end and the 3rd end, the first end connection signal generator module of the circulator, described second End connects the signal transmitting and receiving module, signal processing module described in the three-terminal link;
Wherein, the multiwavelength laser signal is input to the first end of the circulator caused by the signal generator module Exported afterwards by second end to the signal transmitting and receiving module, the echo-signal that the signal transmitting and receiving module receives is input to By the three-polar output to the signal processing module behind second end of the circulator.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal generator module includes the laser being sequentially connected Device, beam splitter and fiber amplifier, wherein, multiple seed sources of the laser including different wave length and with it is the multiple First coupler of seed source connection.
4. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the multiple seed source respectively with corresponding first coupling The input connection of clutch, the output end of first coupler are connected with the input of the beam splitter, the beam splitter First output end is connected with the fiber amplifier, and the second output end of the beam splitter is connected with the signal processing module, Wherein, the output end of first coupler exports the multi-wavelength local oscillation signal.
5. device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the signal generator module further comprises acousto-optic modulation Device, the acousto-optic modulator are serially connected between the first output end of the beam splitter and the fiber amplifier.
6. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the seed source is semiconductor laser, distributed Feedback One kind in laser and Distributed Bragg Reflection laser.
7. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the wave-length coverage of the single-frequency laser of seed source output is 1.53 μm~1.56 μm.
8. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described optic fiber amplifying module includes the 3rd coupler, light Fine, pumping source and wave filter, wherein, the optical fiber is Er-doped fiber or erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber, and the wave filter is optical filter Or Bragg grating.
9. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal processing module includes the second coupling being sequentially connected Clutch, balanced detector, Data Acquisition Card and signal processor, wherein, the first input end of second coupler is used to connect Receive the multi-wavelength local oscillation signal, the second input of second coupler is used to receiving the echo-signal, and described second The output end of coupler is connected with the balanced detector.
10. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal transmitting and receiving module includes swashing along the multi-wavelength The telescopic system and optical beam scanning system that lightray propagation direction is set gradually.
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CN108594207A (en) * 2018-07-13 2018-09-28 合肥菲涅尔光电科技有限公司 A kind of laser radar based on optical fiber mode fields adapter
CN108594265A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-09-28 成都英鑫光电科技有限公司 Windfinding radar system and dimensional wind detection method
CN108710137A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-10-26 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Big visual field synthetic aperture laser imaging radar receive-transmit system
CN109901195A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-06-18 合刃科技(深圳)有限公司 A kind of wind field monitoring sensor, wind field monitoring method and unmanned plane
CN109975790A (en) * 2018-04-27 2019-07-05 北京工业大学 A kind of reception device of multi-wavelength laser radar
CN110749872A (en) * 2018-07-23 2020-02-04 中国科学技术大学 Coherent differential absorption laser radar and method for detecting gas concentration
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CN109975790A (en) * 2018-04-27 2019-07-05 北京工业大学 A kind of reception device of multi-wavelength laser radar
CN112074759A (en) * 2018-04-28 2020-12-11 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Light detection and ranging sensor with multiple emitters and multiple receivers and associated systems and methods
CN108710137A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-10-26 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Big visual field synthetic aperture laser imaging radar receive-transmit system
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