CN107783985A - A kind of distributed networks database query method, apparatus and management system - Google Patents
A kind of distributed networks database query method, apparatus and management system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of distributed networks database query method, including：Retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, preserve historical execution information in above-mentioned query caching area；In the case where retrieving historical execution information corresponding with above-mentioned query statement, inquired about according to the historical execution information.So that distributed data base can save the generating process that part performs tree in query process, so as to reduce the time delay of distributed networks database query and improve concurrency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributed data base field, more particularly to a kind of distributed networks database query method, apparatus and pipe
Reason system.
Background technology
As traditional database technology reaches its maturity, and the high speed development of the Internet, applications, database application are general
All over appearing on internet.And traditional centralized data base system also shows its weak point simultaneously --- using concentration
Formula management, this will certainly cause performance bottleneck, and single raising hardware performance can not meet the big data quantity of current internet
The demand of high concurrent inquiry write-in, while substantial amounts of hardware maintenance and upgrade cost can be produced.In addition, the centralized management of database
Multiple database association is often resulted in, once a certain database corruption, will cause whole system to collapse.So distributed data base
The development of system is in irresistible gesture.
Because the data in distributed data base system are on a large amount of different nodes, in inquiry, the mistake of access data
The performance burden of the inevitable heavy systems of Cheng Zhonghui, in turn result in the problem of inquiry time delay increases, concurrency reduces.It is existing
Some related distributed query technologies, developed typically or based on unit data, these Query Optimization Techniques are also
It is to be confined to cache historical data, caching query executive plan and precompile etc. is carried out to sentence, all without solution point
The problem of cloth data base querying time delay is longer, concurrency is relatively low.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as that distributed networks database query time delay is longer in correlation technique, concurrency is relatively low, the present invention carries
A kind of distributed networks database query method, apparatus and management system are supplied, at least to solve the above problems.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of distributed networks database query method, including：According to what is received
Query statement is retrieved into query caching area, wherein, preserve historical execution information in above-mentioned query caching area；Retrieve with
In the case of historical execution information corresponding to above-mentioned query statement, inquired about according to the historical execution information.
Wherein, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, purpose database information, constant and replaced
Positional information in it is one or more.When retrieving these historical execution informations, it is possible to according to these information and often
Magnitude information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to perform inquiry operation.
Alternatively, retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, including：Above-mentioned query statement is carried out
Constant is replaced, and carries out Hash calculation, cryptographic Hash corresponding to generation to the query statement after replacement；According to the cryptographic Hash to above-mentioned
Query caching is retrieved in area.
Alternatively, before or after being retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, in addition to：Collect
Execution information in query process；In the case where determining and meeting preset rules, the execution information is saved in above-mentioned inquiry
In buffer area.
Alternatively, in the case where determining and meeting preset rules, above-mentioned execution information is saved in above-mentioned query caching
Qu Zhong, including：Determine inquired about data need not carry out calculate processing when, the execution information is saved in above-mentioned inquiry
In buffer area.
By the present invention, retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, above-mentioned query caching area
In preserve historical execution information；In the case where retrieving historical execution information corresponding with above-mentioned query statement, according to this
Historical execution information is inquired about.So that distributed data base can save the generation that part performs tree in query process
Journey, so as to reduce the time delay of distributed networks database query and improve concurrency.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of distributed networks database query device is additionally provided, is arranged at distribution
In data base management system, including：Module is retrieved, for being retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, its
In, preserve historical execution information in above-mentioned query caching area；Execution module, for above-mentioned retrieval module retrieve with it is above-mentioned
In the case of historical execution information corresponding to query statement, inquired about according to the historical execution information.
Wherein, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, purpose database information, constant and replaced
Positional information in it is one or more.When retrieving these historical execution informations, it is possible to according to these information and often
Magnitude information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to perform inquiry operation.
Alternatively, above-mentioned retrieval module, including：Parsing unit, for carrying out constant replacement to above-mentioned query statement,
And Hash calculation, cryptographic Hash corresponding to generation are carried out to the query statement after replacement；Retrieval unit, for being arrived according to the cryptographic Hash
Retrieved in above-mentioned query caching area.
Alternatively, said apparatus also includes：Collection module, collect the execution information in query process；Cache module, it is used for
In the case where determining and meeting preset rules, the execution information is saved in above-mentioned query caching area.
Alternatively, above-mentioned cache module, including：Judging unit, based on judging whether inquired about data need to carry out
Calculation is handled；Buffer unit, for determine inquired about data need not carry out calculate processing when, the execution information is preserved
Into above-mentioned query caching area.
By the present invention, retrieval module is retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, it is above-mentioned to look into
Ask in buffer area and preserve historical execution information；Execution module is retrieving historical execution information corresponding with above-mentioned query statement
In the case of, inquired about according to the historical execution information.So that distributed data base can save part in query process
The generating process of tree is performed, so as to reduce the time delay of distributed networks database query and improve concurrency.
According to the still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of distributed data base management system (DDBMS), the system comprise at least
Distributed networks database query device, query caching area.The distributed networks database query device comprises at least retrieval module, performs mould
Block, retrieval module can be retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, protected in above-mentioned query caching area
There is historical execution information；Execution module can retrieve history corresponding with above-mentioned query statement in above-mentioned retrieval module and perform
In the case of information, inquired about according to the historical execution information.
Wherein, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, purpose database information, constant and replaced
Positional information in it is one or more.When retrieving these historical execution informations, it is possible to according to these information and often
Magnitude information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to perform inquiry operation.
By the present invention, the retrieval module in distributed data base management system (DDBMS) is according to the query statement received to inquiry
Retrieved in buffer area, wherein, preserve historical execution information in above-mentioned query caching area；Execution module is looked into above-mentioned retrieving
In the case of asking historical execution information corresponding to sentence, inquired about according to the historical execution information.So that distributed data base
The generating process that part performs tree can be saved in query process, so as to reduce the time delay of distributed networks database query and raising
Concurrency.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the application, this hair
Bright schematic description and description is used to explain the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is distributed networks database query method flow diagram one according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is distributed networks database query method flow diagram two according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is distributed networks database query method flow diagram three according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is distributed networks database query apparatus structure block diagram one according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is distributed networks database query apparatus structure block diagram two according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is distributed data base management system (DDBMS) structured flowchart according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is distributed data base management system (DDBMS) configuration diagram according to embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing and in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that do not conflicting
In the case of, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can be mutually combined.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of distributed networks database query method, Fig. 1 is point according to embodiments of the present invention
Cloth data base query method flow chart one, as shown in figure 1, this method includes：
S102, retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, preserved in above-mentioned query caching area
There is historical execution information；
S104, in the case where retrieving historical execution information corresponding with above-mentioned query statement, performed according to the history
Information is inquired about.
Wherein, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, purpose database information, constant and replaced
Positional information in it is one or more.When retrieving these historical execution informations, it is possible to according to these information and often
Magnitude information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to perform inquiry operation.
By the embodiment of the present invention, retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, above-mentioned inquiry
Historical execution information is preserved in buffer area；In the case where retrieving historical execution information corresponding with above-mentioned query statement,
Inquired about according to the historical execution information.So that distributed data base can save the life that part performs tree in query process
Into process, so as to reduce the time delay of distributed networks database query and improve concurrency.
In an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 is distributed networks database query method according to embodiments of the present invention
Flowchart 2, as shown in Fig. 2 above-mentioned steps S102 can be realized further in the following way：
Constant replacement is carried out to above-mentioned query statement, and Hash calculation is carried out to the query statement after replacement, generation is corresponding
Cryptographic Hash, then retrieved according to the cryptographic Hash into above-mentioned query caching area.The query statement is SQL in the present embodiment
(Structured Query Language, SQL) sentence.
Morphological analysis can be carried out to above-mentioned SQL statement, find out constant value in SQL statement and by constant value by suitable
Sequence is recorded in an array, is then replaced the constant value found out using placeholder.SQL statement after being replaced again to constant enters
Row Hash calculation generates cryptographic Hash, is retrieved using the cryptographic Hash as KEY (key) values into above-mentioned query caching area.
Illustrate：
For example query statement is " Select t1.a from t1where t1.id=30 ", can find out by morphological analysis
Constant value therein is " 30 ", then can use placeholder "" replaced, become " Select t1.a from t1where
T1.id=”.Then one integer value is obtained by Hash calculation to the sentence after being replaced：0x87653127, by the integer
Value is retrieved as the KEY values of the query statement into above-mentioned query caching area, if retrieving identical KEY values, then it is assumed that should
The corresponding historical execution information of identical KEY values just with the query statement in this programme --- Select t1.a from
T1where t1.id=30 are corresponding, and following can performs above-mentioned S104 steps, that is, continue with above-mentioned history and perform
Information is inquired about.
In an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, mesh
Database information, constant replace positional information in it is one or more.Table Data distribution information can indicate that these tables
For data distribution on which node, purpose database information can represent which database above-mentioned query statement should be issued to
In, the positional information that constant is replaced can indicate that where the constant that those (individual) are replaced is in query statement.This
A little historical execution informations were calculated and were cached according to former query statement.
When retrieving these historical execution informations according to new query statement, it is possible to according to these information and constant
Value information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to directly to obtaining corresponding data on corresponding back end.
In an embodiment of the invention, before being retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area
Or afterwards, in addition to：Collect the execution information in query process；In the case where determining and meeting preset rules, this is performed
Information is saved in above-mentioned query caching area.It should be noted that the step for collecting the execution information in query process both may be used
, can also be after above-mentioned searching step with before above-mentioned searching step, the not limitation of sequencing；Moreover, upper
After stating searching step, regardless of whether retrieved corresponding historical execution information, it can collect in this query process
Execution information.The present embodiment is only enumerated preferred embodiment and is illustrated, and Fig. 3 is distributed number according to embodiments of the present invention
According to library inquiry method flow diagram three, as shown in figure 3, this method includes：
S302, when retrieved above-mentioned query caching area and do not retrieve corresponding historical execution information, then to the inquiry
Sentence (i.e. SQL statement) performs normal distributed query flow.
S304, collects the execution information of this inquiry during inquiry, and judges whether this query statement can be with
Caching；Wherein, the rule of judgement is exactly：If the execution information of the query statement does not need distributed system to participate in result set meter
Calculate, then can cache；Result set is grouped if necessary to distributed system participation, sorted, converges calculating, result set is gone
One of them operation such as weight, result set restriction, it can not all be buffered.
S306, if it is determined that to that can cache, then return to the execution information for needing to cache.
S308, the execution information is cached to above-mentioned query caching area, during in case same or analogous sentence next time being sent
Call.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of distributed networks database query device, is arranged at distributed database management system
In system, Fig. 4 is distributed networks database query apparatus structure block diagram one according to embodiments of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, the device bag
Include：Retrieval module 402 can be retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, above-mentioned query caching area
In preserve historical execution information；Execution module 404 can retrieve corresponding with above-mentioned query statement in above-mentioned retrieval module
In the case of historical execution information, inquired about according to the historical execution information.
Wherein, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, purpose database information, constant and replaced
Positional information in it is one or more.When retrieving these historical execution informations, it is possible to according to these information and often
Magnitude information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to perform inquiry operation.
By the embodiment of the present invention, retrieval module 402 is retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, its
In, preserve historical execution information in above-mentioned query caching area；Execution module 404 retrieve it is corresponding with above-mentioned query statement
In the case of historical execution information, inquired about according to the historical execution information.So that distributed data base is in query process
The generating process that part performs tree can be saved, so as to reduce the time delay of distributed networks database query and improve concurrency.
In an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 5 is distributed networks database query device according to embodiments of the present invention
Structured flowchart two, as shown in figure 5, retrieval module 502 also includes parsing unit 5002, retrieval unit 5004, syntactic analysis
Unit 5002, constant replacement can be carried out to above-mentioned query statement, and Hash calculation, generation are carried out to the query statement after replacement
Corresponding cryptographic Hash, then retrieval unit 5004 retrieved according to the cryptographic Hash into above-mentioned query caching area.Should in the present embodiment
Query statement is SQL statement.
I.e. parsing unit 5002 can carry out morphological analysis to above-mentioned SQL statement, find out the constant in SQL statement
Constant value is simultaneously sequentially recorded in an array by value, is then replaced the constant value found out using placeholder.Again to constant
SQL statement after replacement carries out Hash calculation generation cryptographic Hash, and retrieval unit 5004 is KEY (key) values to above-mentioned using the cryptographic Hash
Query caching is retrieved in area.
Illustrate：
For example query statement is " Select t1.a from t1where t1.id=30 ", parsing unit 5002 pass through
It is " 30 " to cross morphological analysis and can find out constant value therein, then can use placeholder "" replaced, become " Select t1.a
From t1where t1.id=”.Then one integer value is obtained by Hash calculation to the sentence after being replaced：
0x87653127, retrieval unit 5004 are retrieved the integer value as the KEY values of the query statement into above-mentioned query caching area,
If retrieve identical KEY values, then it is assumed that the corresponding historical execution information of the identical KEY values just with the inquiry in this programme
Sentence --- Select t1.a from t1where t1.id=30 are corresponding, and following can performs above-mentioned S104 steps
, that is, continue with above-mentioned historical execution information and inquired about.
In an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, mesh
Database information, constant replace positional information in it is one or more.Table Data distribution information can indicate that these tables
For data distribution on which node, purpose database information can represent which database above-mentioned query statement should be issued to
In, the positional information that constant is replaced can indicate that where the constant that those (individual) are replaced is in query statement.This
A little historical execution informations were calculated and were cached according to former query statement.
When retrieving these historical execution informations according to new query statement, it is possible to according to these information and constant
Value information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to directly to obtaining corresponding data on corresponding back end.
In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 5, the device also includes collection module 506, cache module
508, further, the cache module 508 also includes judging unit 5006, buffer unit 5008.
Collection module 506 into query caching area can retrieve it in retrieval module 502 according to the query statement received
It is preceding or afterwards, collect the execution information in query process；Cache module 508 can determine the situation that meets preset rules
Under, the execution information is saved in above-mentioned query caching area.It should be noted that collect query process in execution information this
One step both can be before above-mentioned searching step, can also be after above-mentioned searching step, the not limitation of sequencing；
Moreover, after above-mentioned searching step, regardless of whether retrieved corresponding historical execution information, this inquiry can be collected
During execution information.The present embodiment is only enumerated a kind of preferable embodiment and is illustrated, and the embodiment includes：
S502, when retrieval module 502 retrieved above-mentioned query caching area and not retrieve corresponding historical execution information,
Then start and normal distributed query flow is performed to the query statement (i.e. SQL statement).
S504, collection module 506 collect the execution information of this inquiry during above-mentioned inquiry, and by cache module
Judging unit 5006 in 508 judges whether this query statement can cache；Wherein, the rule of judgement is exactly：If this is looked into
The execution information for asking sentence does not need distributed system to participate in result set calculating, then can cache；It is if necessary to distribution
System participates in being grouped result set, sorting, converges one of them operation such as calculating, result set duplicate removal, result set restriction, all
It can not be buffered.
It S506, can be cached if it is determined that unit 5006 determines, then return to the execution information for needing to cache.
The execution information is cached to above-mentioned query caching area by S508, the buffer unit 5008 in cache module 508, in case
Next same or analogous sentence calls when sending.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of distributed data base management system (DDBMS), and Fig. 6 is according to embodiments of the present invention
Distributed data base management system (DDBMS) result block diagram, Fig. 7 are distributed data base management system (DDBMS) frameworks according to embodiments of the present invention
Schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, the system comprise at least distributed networks database query device, query caching area.The distributed number
Retrieval module 502, execution module 504 are comprised at least according to library inquiry device, retrieval module 502 can be according to the inquiry language received
Sentence is retrieved into query caching area, wherein, preserve historical execution information in above-mentioned query caching area；Execution module 504 can be with
In the case where above-mentioned retrieval module retrieves historical execution information corresponding with above-mentioned query statement, letter is performed according to the history
Breath is inquired about.
Wherein, above-mentioned historical execution information generally comprises table Data distribution information, purpose database information, constant and replaced
Positional information in it is one or more.When retrieving these historical execution informations, it is possible to according to these information and often
Magnitude information calculates the back end to be inquired about, so as to perform inquiry operation.
By the embodiment of the present invention, the retrieval module 502 in distributed data base management system (DDBMS) is according to the inquiry received
Sentence is retrieved into query caching area, wherein, preserve historical execution information in above-mentioned query caching area；Execution module 504 exists
In the case of retrieving historical execution information corresponding with above-mentioned query statement, inquired about according to the historical execution information.Make
The generating process that part performs tree can be saved in query process by obtaining distributed data base, be looked into so as to reduce distributed data base
The time delay of inquiry simultaneously improves concurrency.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that above-mentioned each module of the invention or each step can be with general
Computing device realize that they can be concentrated on single computing device, or be distributed in multiple computing devices and formed
Network on, alternatively, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform, it is thus possible to they are stored
Performed in the storage device by computing device, and in some cases, can be with different from shown in order execution herein
The step of going out or describing, they are either fabricated to each integrated circuit modules respectively or by multiple modules in them or
Step is fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.So, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. distributed networks database query method, it is characterised in that including：Retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, preserve history in the query caching area and hold Row information；In the case where retrieving historical execution information corresponding with the query statement, looked into according to the historical execution information Ask.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the query statement that the basis receives to query caching area Middle retrieval, including：Constant replacement is carried out to the query statement, and Hash calculation is carried out to the query statement after replacement, generates cryptographic Hash；Retrieved according to the cryptographic Hash into the query caching area.
- 3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that according to the query statement received to query caching Before or after being retrieved in area, in addition to：Collect the execution information in query process；In the case where determining and meeting preset rules, the execution information is saved in the query caching area.
- 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that in the case where determining and meeting preset rules, will described in Execution information is saved in the query caching area, including：Determine inquired about data need not carry out calculate processing when, the execution information is saved in the query caching Qu Zhong.
- 5. according to the method described in claim 1,2 or 4, it is characterised in that the historical execution information include it is following at least it One：The positional information that table Data distribution information, purpose database information, the constant are replaced.
- 6. a kind of distributed networks database query device, is arranged in distributed data base management system (DDBMS), it is characterised in that including：Module is retrieved, for being retrieved according to the query statement received into query caching area, wherein, in the query caching area Preserve historical execution information；Execution module, for retrieving the feelings of the historical execution information corresponding with the query statement in the retrieval module Under condition, inquired about according to the historical execution information.
- 7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the retrieval module, including：Parsing unit, Hash is carried out for carrying out constant replacement to the query statement, and to the query statement after replacement Calculate, cryptographic Hash corresponding to generation；Retrieval unit, for being retrieved according to the cryptographic Hash into the query caching area.
- 8. the device according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that described device also includes：Collection module, collect the execution information in query process；Cache module, in the case where determining and meeting preset rules, it is slow that the execution information to be saved in into the inquiry Deposit in area.
- 9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the cache module, including：Whether judging unit, the data for judging inquired about need to carry out calculating processing；Buffer unit, for determine inquired about data need not carry out calculate processing when, the execution information is preserved Into the query caching area.
- A kind of 10. distributed data base management system (DDBMS), it is characterised in that including：Distributed networks database query device any one of claim 6 to 9；Query caching area, for preserving historical execution information.
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| CN201610723578.9A CN107783985B (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2016-08-25 | Distributed database query method, device and management system |
| PCT/CN2017/098886 WO2018036549A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2017-08-24 | Distributed database query method and device, and management system |
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| CN110008448B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2023-10-17 | 中国工商银行股份有限公司 | Method and device for automatically converting SQL code into Java code |
| CN111309724A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-06-19 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | Method and system for processing big data |
| CN111291054B (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2023-05-16 | 苏宁云计算有限公司 | Data processing method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN111639140A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-08 | 杭州复杂美科技有限公司 | Distributed data storage method, device and storage medium |
| CN112597004A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 广州品唯软件有限公司 | SQL statement performance test method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113064912B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2023-07-21 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for quickly inquiring historical alarm information in DCS background |
| CN113377764B (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2024-04-12 | 北京锐服信科技有限公司 | PCAP data packet high-speed indexing method and system |
| CN114238404A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-25 | 建信金融科技有限责任公司 | Data query method and device, storage medium and equipment |
| CN116541420B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-15 | 上海爱可生信息技术股份有限公司 | Vector data query method |
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| CN104216955A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-17 | 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 | Methods and devices for operating data and managing events and distributed system |
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