CN107607135B - A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device and method - Google Patents
A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is applied to distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring system, specifically a kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device and method.Described device includes chaos laser, the first optoisolator, 1 × 2 fiber coupler, the first optical fiber polarization controller, the first high-speed electro-optic modulator, microwave signal source, fiber grating, the first optical circulator, the second optical fiber polarization controller, the second high-speed electro-optic modulator, impulse generator, light scrambler, image intensifer, the second optoisolator, sensor fibre, the second optical circulator, adjustable light wave-filter, optical power detecting meter.The present invention has merged the advantage of existing BOCDA system and BOTDA system, solve the problems, such as that traditional BOTDA System spatial resolution is limited and tradition BOCDA system in use frequency to be modulated sinusoidally or phase is by the continuous light of pseudorandom sequence modulates leads to distance sensing as detectable signal there are fuzzy distances, breach the contradiction that above-mentioned distributed sensing system middle and long distance and high spatial resolution cannot be considered in terms of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is applied to distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring system, specifically a kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field
Convergence analysis device and method.
Background technique
Since the low loss fiber eighties in last century comes out, optical fiber sensing technology is constantly in Sensor Technology Development
Forward position, and become together with Fibre Optical Communication Technology two key areas of optical fiber technology.Using telecommunication optical fiber as carrier, and rely on
The fibre optical sensor of the characteristics such as optical fiber high transmission rates, high bandwidth production becomes one of most important invention of sensory field.With it is traditional
Sensor is compared, and fibre optical sensor itself is not charged, and there are electromagnetism interference, electrical isolation, corrosion-resistant, many reference amounts to measure, is sensitive
The advantage for spending high, light and handy, embeddable (object) etc., is widely answered in fields such as petroleum, coal mine, electric power, buildings
With.
Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques are broadly divided into based on Rayleigh scattering effect, based on Raman scattering effect and are based at present
Three research fields of Brillouin scattering effect.Sensor-based system based on Rayleigh scattering is suitable for the monitoring of fiber failure point；It is based on
The sensor-based system of Raman scattering is suitable for the monitoring of temperature information along optical fiber；Sensor-based system based on Brillouin scattering can be real
Temperature and strain information while, monitor along existing optical fiber, therefore become a big research hotspot.
Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques based on Brillouin scattering effect are generally divided into optical time domain and two kinds of light coherent field.Cloth
In deep light when domain system be divided into Brillouin light time domain reflection technology (BOTDR, Brillouin Optical Time Domain
) and Brillouin optical time domain analysis technology (BOTDA, Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
Analysis), the former spontaneous brillouin scattering effect of the BOTDR technology based on optical fiber, the latter BOTDA technology based on optical fiber by
Swash Brillouin scattering effect.Relative to BOTDR technology, BOTDA technology has longer distance sensing.Brillouin light time domain system
The positioning and extraction of temperature or strain along optical fiber usually are realized using light pulse signal as detectable signal, the advantage is that biography
Sense distance is longer, and system detection signal capabilities are strong.But pulsed optical signals will receive the limitation in acoustical phonon service life in optical fiber, cause
Spatial resolution is difficult to break through 1m.
The relevant domain system of Brillouin light is using frequency by sinusoidal signal modulation or phase by the continuous of pseudorandom sequence modulates
Variation of the light as temperature or strain along detectable signal perception sensor fibre, is further divided into the reflection of Brillouin light coherent field
Technology (BOCDR, Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Reflectometry) and Brillouin light are relevant
Domain analysis technology (BOCDA, Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Analysis), the advantage is that sky
Between resolution ratio it is higher, theoretical spatial resolution rate be light source coherence length.But since sinusoidal signal and pseudo-random sequence exist
Periodically, leading to distance sensing, there are fuzzy distances, so that distance sensing is limited.
Chaotic laser light is as a kind of novel detectable signal of distributing optical fiber sensing, because having low coherent state and unimodal
Coherent function, be used in Brillouin light be concerned with domain system (Chinese invention patent: ZL201310045097.3,
ZL201510531253.6, ZL201510531180.0), while guaranteeing high spatial resolution, overcome based on sinusoidal letter
Number and the distributing optical fiber sensings of pseudorandom sequence modulates there are problems that fuzzy distance.But in the cloth based on chaotic laser light
Deep light is concerned with domain system using the positioning of temperature or strain information along variable optical delay line realization sensor fibre, causes to survey every time
Amount can only cannot achieve the continuous measurement of long range temperature or strain to individually a little measuring on optical fiber.In order to solve this
One problem, based on chaotic laser light Brillouin light time domain system (Chinese invention patent: ZL201110217936.6,
CN105783762A, CN105784195A) it is suggested, temperature or strain information along sensor fibre are realized using chaos correlation method
Positioning.But the spatial resolution of positioning is limited to the limitation of the hardware bandwidths such as photodetector, data collecting card, and
It realizes the spatial resolution of millimeter magnitude, needs the hardware of tens GHz bandwidth, this not only obviously increases system cost, even
Some hardware can not all provide.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the space point that the distributed optical fiber sensing system for solving to detect currently based on chaotic laser light has positioning
Resolution is limited to the bandwidth of the hardware such as photodetector, data collecting card and the technical problem that system hardware is with high costs, mentions
A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device and method is supplied.
A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device, including chaos laser 1, the first optoisolator
2,1 × 2 fiber coupler 3, the first optical fiber polarization controller 4, the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5, microwave signal source 6, optical fiber light
Grid 7, the first optical circulator 8, the second optical fiber polarization controller 9, the second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10, impulse generator 11, light are disturbed
Inclined device 12, image intensifer 13, the second optoisolator 14, sensor fibre 15, the second optical circulator 16, adjustable light wave-filter 17,
Optical power detecting meter 18；
Wherein, the exit end of chaos laser 1 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of the first optoisolator 2；
The exit end of first optoisolator 2 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 3；
First exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 3 passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the first optical fiber polarization controller 4
Incidence end connection；The exit end of first optical fiber polarization controller 4 passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5
Incidence end connection；The exit end of first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5 passes through the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper and the first optical circulator 8
Connection；The output end of microwave signal source 6 is connect with the signal incoming end of the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5；First optical circulator 8
Exit end is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with 9 incidence end of the second optical fiber polarization controller；The output end of fiber grating 7 and first
The reflection end of optical circulator 8 connects；The exit end of second optical fiber polarization controller 9 passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the second high speed electricity
The incidence end of optical modulator 10 connects；The exit end of second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10 passes through single-mode fiber jumper and light scrambler
12 incidence end connection；The output end of impulse generator 11 is connect with the signal incoming end of the second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10；Light
The exit end of scrambler 12 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of image intensifer 13；The exit end of image intensifer 13 is logical
Single-mode fiber jumper is crossed to connect with the incidence end of the second optical circulator 16；
Second exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 3 passes through the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper and the second optoisolator 14
Connection；The exit end of second optoisolator 14 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of sensor fibre 15；
The exit end of sensor fibre 15 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with 16 reflection end of the second optical circulator；Second ring of light
The exit end of row device 16 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of adjustable light wave-filter 17, adjustable light wave-filter 17
Exit end connect with the incidence end of optical power detecting meter 18 by single-mode fiber jumper.
A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis method realizes that steps are as follows:
Step 1: the chaotic laser light signal that chaos laser 1 exports is after the isolation of the first optoisolator 2, through 1 × 2 light
Fine coupler 3 is divided into two-way: first via chaotic laser light signal is as pump light signals, and the second road chaotic laser light signal is as detection
Optical signal；Pump light signals first pass through the first optical polarization controller 4, so that the pumping light power value of output reaches maximum, then
By the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5, and the sinusoidal signal modulation exported by microwave signal source 6, so that detection plain edge band signal
Frequency displacement close to Brillouin shift, using fiber grating 7(fiber bragg grating) and the first optical circulator 8 so that side
Residual carrier and lower sideband with pump light after modulation are suppressed, using the second optical polarization controller 9, so that export
Pumping light power value reaches maximum, using the second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10, and is pulse modulation the pulse letter of the output of device 11
Number modulation.Finally successively pass through light scrambler 12, image intensifer 13 disturbs the incidence for passing through the second optical circulator 16 partially, after amplification
End enters one end of sensor fibre 15；
Step 2: detection optical signal enters the other end of sensor fibre 15 after the second optoisolator 14, then passes through
The exit end of second optical circulator 16 enters the incidence end of adjustable light wave-filter 17, finally going out from adjustable light wave-filter 17
End is penetrated to enter in optical power detecting meter 18；
Step 3: at the relevant peak position in sensor fibre 15 stimulated Brillouin scattering phase occurs for detection light and pump light
Interaction, while detecting light and being excited to amplify.Amplified detection optical signal is exported from the exit end of the second optical circulator 16, so
The incidence end for entering adjustable light wave-filter 17 afterwards, filters laggard optical power surveymeter 18 through adjustable light wave-filter 17, right
Data are acquired, handle after obtain brillouin gain spectrum information, to obtain corresponding temperature or strain value.
Further, by adjusting impulse generator 11, modulation pulsed light is calculated in sensor fibre 15 by clock circuit
Flight time, to realize positioning to 15 any position temperature of sensor fibre or strain point.
A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device and method of the present invention has following excellent
Point:
One, the present invention has merged existing BOCDA system and the respective advantage of BOTDA system, solves traditional BOTDA system
In system using pulsed light as detectable signal cause its spatial resolution limited and tradition BOCDA system in use frequency by just
String, which is modulated, or phase is by the continuous light of pseudorandom sequence modulates leads to distance sensing asking there are fuzzy distance as detectable signal
Topic, breaches the contradiction that above-mentioned distributed sensing system middle and long distance and high spatial resolution cannot be considered in terms of.
Two, with the Brillouin light based on chaotic laser light be concerned with domain system (Chinese invention patent: ZL201310045097.3,
ZL201510531253.6, ZL201510531180.0) it compares, the present invention is that arteries and veins is added in chaos BOCDA system pumping road
Modulated calculates flight time of the incident pulse light in sensor fibre using the clock circuit of pulsed optical signals, passes to realize
The positioning of temperature or strain along photosensitive fibre avoids the existing Brillouin based on chaotic laser light and is concerned in domain system using variable
Optical delay line positioning leads to not the problem of continuously measuring.In addition, by proper choice of modulation arteries and veins in device of the present invention
Width i.e. duty ratio is rushed, the noise that can effectively inhibit the stimulated Brillouin scattering at incoherent peak to introduce improves system signal noise ratio,
And then improve its distance sensing.
Three, with based on chaotic laser light Brillouin light time domain system (Chinese invention patent: ZL201110217936.6,
CN105783762A, CN105784195A) it compares, spatial resolution of the invention is determined by the coherence length of chaotic laser light,
The spatial resolution of millimeter magnitude can be achieved.And the Brillouin light time domain system based on chaotic laser light, spatial resolution are limited to
The limitation of the hardware bandwidths such as photodetector, data collecting card.Reach the spatial resolution of millimeter magnitude, needs tens GHz bands
Wide hardware, this not only makes, and system cost obviously increases or even the hardware of high bandwidth can not all provide.
Four, the present invention synchronously obtains brillouin gain spectrum relevant to temperature or strain using optical power detecting meter,
Electric signal is first converted optical signals into compared to existing sensor-based system, data acquisition device record data is recycled to extract in cloth
Deep gain spectral, the present invention are not necessarily to photoelectric conversion, can eliminate electronic noise effectively to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
In figure, 1: chaos laser；2: the first optoisolators；The fiber coupler of 3:1 × 2；The control of 4: the first optical fiber polarisations
Device；5: the first high-speed electro-optic modulators；6: microwave signal source；7: fiber grating；8: the first optical circulators；9: the second optical fiber polarisations
Controller；10: the second high-speed electro-optic modulators；11: impulse generator；12: light scrambler；13: image intensifer；14: the second light
Isolator；15: sensor fibre；16: the second optical circulators；17: adjustable light wave-filter；18: optical power detecting meter.
Specific embodiment
A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device, including chaos laser 1, the first optoisolator
2,1 × 2 fiber coupler 3, the first optical fiber polarization controller 4, the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5, microwave signal source 6, optical fiber light
Grid 7, the first optical circulator 8, the second optical fiber polarization controller 9, the second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10, impulse generator 11, light are disturbed
Inclined device 12, image intensifer 13, the second optoisolator 14, sensor fibre 15, the second optical circulator 16, adjustable light wave-filter 17,
Optical power detecting meter 18；
Wherein, the exit end of chaos laser 1 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of the first optoisolator 2；
The exit end of first optoisolator 2 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 3:
First exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 3 passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the first optical fiber polarization controller 4
Incidence end connection；The exit end of first optical fiber polarization controller 4 passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5
Incidence end connection；The exit end of first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5 passes through the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper and the first optical circulator 8
Connection；The output end of microwave signal source 6 is connect with the signal incoming end of the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5；First optical circulator 8
Exit end is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with 9 incidence end of the second optical fiber polarization controller；The output end and the ring of light of fiber grating 7
The reflection end of row device 8 connects；The exit end of second Polarization Controller 9 passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the second high-speed electro-optic modulator
10 incidence end connection；The exit end of second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10 passes through the incidence of single-mode fiber jumper and light scrambler 12
End connection；The output end of impulse generator 11 is connect with the signal incoming end of the second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10；Light scrambler 12
Exit end connect with the incidence end of image intensifer 13 by single-mode fiber jumper；The exit end of image intensifer 13 passes through single-mode optics
Fine wire jumper is connect with the incidence end of the second optical circulator 16；
Second exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler 3 passes through the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper and the second optoisolator 14
Connection；The exit end of second optoisolator 14 is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of sensor fibre 15；Sensor fibre
15 exit end is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the reflection end of the second optical circulator 16；The exit end of second optical circulator 16
It is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of adjustable light wave-filter 17；The exit end and light function of adjustable light wave-filter 17
The incidence end of rate surveymeter 18 connects.
When it is implemented, in chaos laser 1 has by a DFB semiconductor laser without built-in optoisolator, one
Set DFB semiconductor laser, linear chirp optical fiber grating, adjustable optical attenuator, Polarization Controller, the fiber coupling of optoisolator
Device is constituted.It is that the chaotic laser light of 1530-1565nm, spectrum width greater than 10GHz is believed that chaos laser 1, which can produce central wavelength,
Number.The coupling ratio of 1 × 2 first fiber couplers 3 is 50:50.First high-speed electro-optic modulator 5, the second high-speed electro-optic modulator
10 use LN81S-FC type intensity modulator.Microwave signal source 6 uses Model-SNP1012-520-01 type microwave signal source.Arteries and veins
It rushes generator 11 and uses HP 8015A type pulse signal generator.Image intensifer 13 uses erbium-doped fiber amplifier or semiconductor light
Amplifier.Adjustable light wave-filter 17 uses XTM-50 type wavelength and bandwidth adjustable light wave-filter.Sensor fibre 15 uses
G.652 serial single mode optical fiber, the length is 300km.
A kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis method is realized using following steps:
Step 1: the chaotic laser light signal that chaos laser 1 exports is after the isolation of the first optoisolator 2, through 1 × 2 light
Fine coupler 3 is divided into two-way: first via chaotic laser light signal is as pump light signals, and the second road chaotic laser light signal is as detection
Optical signal；Pump light signals first pass through the first optical polarization controller 4, so that the pumping light power value of output reaches maximum, then
By the first high-speed electro-optic modulator 5, and the sinusoidal signal modulation exported by microwave signal source 6, so that detection plain edge band signal
Frequency displacement close to Brillouin shift, using fiber bragg grating (fiber grating 7) and the first optical circulator 8, so that side
Residual carrier and lower sideband with pump light after modulation are suppressed, using the second optical polarization controller 9, so that export
Pumping light power value reaches maximum, and using the second high-speed electro-optic modulator 10, and the pulse exported by impulse generator 11 is believed
Number modulation.Finally successively pass through light scrambler 12, image intensifer 13 disturbs the incidence for passing through the second optical circulator 16 partially, after amplification
End enters one end of sensor fibre 15；
Step 2: detection optical signal enters the other end of sensor fibre 15 after the second optoisolator 14, then passes through
The exit end of second optical circulator 16 enters the incidence end of adjustable light wave-filter 17, finally going out from adjustable light wave-filter 17
End is penetrated to enter in optical power detecting meter 18；
Step 3: at the relevant peak position in sensor fibre 15 stimulated Brillouin scattering phase occurs for detection light and pump light
Interaction, while detecting light and being excited to amplify.Amplified detection optical signal is exported from the exit end of the second optical circulator 16, so
The incidence end for entering adjustable light wave-filter 17 afterwards, filters laggard optical power surveymeter 18 through adjustable light wave-filter 17, right
Data are acquired, handle and obtain the brillouin gain spectrum information of sensor fibre temperature or strain, to obtain corresponding temperature
Or strain value.Wherein by adjusting impulse generator 11, incident pulse light is calculated in sensor fibre by the clock circuit of pulsed light
In flight time, realize positioning to 15 any position temperature of sensor fibre or strain point.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis device, including chaos laser (1), the first optoisolator
(2), 1 × 2 fiber coupler (3), the first optical fiber polarization controller (4), the first high-speed electro-optic modulator (5), microwave signal source
(6), fiber grating (7), the first optical circulator (8), the second optical fiber polarization controller (9), the second high-speed electro-optic modulator (10),
Impulse generator (11), light scrambler (12), image intensifer (13), the second optoisolator (14), sensor fibre (15), the second light
Circulator (16), adjustable light wave-filter (17), optical power detecting meter (18)；
The exit end of chaos laser (1) is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of the first optoisolator (2)；First light
The exit end of isolator (2) is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler (3)；
First exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler (3) passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the first optical fiber polarization controller (4)
Incidence end connection；The exit end of first optical fiber polarization controller (4) passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the first high-speed electro-optic modulator
(5) incidence end connection；The exit end of first high-speed electro-optic modulator (5) passes through single-mode fiber jumper and the first optical circulator
(8) incidence end connection；The output end of microwave signal source (6) is connect with the signal incoming end of the first high-speed electro-optic modulator (5)；
The exit end of first optical circulator (8) is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the second optical fiber polarization controller (9) incidence end；Optical fiber
The output end of grating (7) is connect with the reflection end of the first optical circulator (8)；The exit end of second optical fiber polarization controller (9) is logical
Single-mode fiber jumper is crossed to connect with the incidence end of the second high-speed electro-optic modulator (10)；Second high-speed electro-optic modulator (10) goes out
End is penetrated to connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of light scrambler (12)；The output end of impulse generator (11) and second high
The signal incoming end of fast electrooptic modulator (10) connects；The exit end of light scrambler (12) passes through single-mode fiber jumper and light amplification
The incidence end of device (13) connects；The exit end of image intensifer (13) is entered by single-mode fiber jumper and the second optical circulator (16)
Penetrate end connection；
Second exit end of 1 × 2 fiber coupler (3) passes through the incidence end of single-mode fiber jumper and the second optoisolator (14)
Connection；The exit end of second optoisolator (14) is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of sensor fibre (15)；
The exit end of sensor fibre (15) is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the second optical circulator (16) reflection end；Second ring of light
The exit end of row device (16) is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of adjustable light wave-filter (17), tunable optical filtering
The exit end of device (17) is connect by single-mode fiber jumper with the incidence end of optical power detecting meter (18).
2. a kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis method, is realized using device described in claim 1；
It is characterized in that, steps are as follows for the realization of the method:
Step 1: the chaotic laser light signal of chaos laser (1) output is after the first optoisolator (2) isolation, through 1 × 2 light
Fine coupler (3) is divided into two-way: first via chaotic laser light signal is as pump light signals, and the second road chaotic laser light signal is as spy
Light signal；Pump light signals first pass through the first optical polarization controller (4), so that the pumping light power value of output reaches maximum,
The sinusoidal signal modulation for then passing through the first high-speed electro-optic modulator (5), and being exported by microwave signal source (6), so that detection light
The frequency displacement of sideband signals is close to Brillouin shift, using fiber grating (7) and the first optical circulator (8), so that sideband tune
The residual carrier of pump light and lower sideband are suppressed after system, using the second optical polarization controller (9), so that the pump of output
Pu optical power value reaches maximum, using the second high-speed electro-optic modulator (10), and the pulse exported by impulse generator (11)
Signal modulation；Finally successively pass through light scrambler (12), image intensifer (13) passes through the second optical circulator after disturbing inclined, amplification
(16) incidence end enters one end of sensor fibre (15)；
Step 2: detection optical signal enters the other end of sensor fibre (15) after the second optoisolator (14), then passes through
The exit end of second optical circulator (16) enters the incidence end of adjustable light wave-filter (17), finally from tunable optic filter (17)
Exit end enter in optical power detecting meter (18)；
Step 3: that stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs at the relevant peak position in sensor fibre (15) is mutual for detection light and pump light
Effect, while detecting light and being excited to amplify；Amplified detection optical signal is exported from the exit end of the second optical circulator (16), so
The incidence end for entering adjustable light wave-filter (17) afterwards filters laggard optical power surveymeter through adjustable light wave-filter (17)
(18), data are acquired, handle after obtain brillouin gain spectrum information, to obtain corresponding temperature or strain value.
3. a kind of chaos Brillouin light time domain/coherent field convergence analysis method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that logical
Impulse generator (11) are overregulated, flight time of the modulation pulsed light in sensor fibre (15) is calculated by clock circuit, thus
Realize the positioning to sensor fibre (15) any position temperature or strain point.
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