CN107579820A - Sychronisation and synchronous method for multichannel quantum key distribution system - Google Patents
Sychronisation and synchronous method for multichannel quantum key distribution system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sychronisation and synchronous method for multichannel quantum key distribution system, including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, transmitting terminal includes homologous clock module, multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal, the first protocol resolution module, the first optical module driver element and the first optical module, and receiving terminal includes the second optical module, the second optical module driver element, second protocol parsing module and multichannel quantum key distribution system receiving terminal；Homologous clock module is connected with multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal, and multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal electrically connects with the first protocol resolution module, and the first protocol resolution module electrically connects with the first optical module driver element；Transmitting terminal of the present invention uses same clock source, and multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal are merged in a channel, therefore the present invention can both save multichannel allusion quotation signal and the drive circuit and electrooptic conversion module of synchronizing signal, can also simplify the complexity of channel wavelength-division multiplex.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to quantum key distribution technical field, and in particular to a kind of for multichannel quantum key distribution system
Sychronisation and synchronous method.
Background technology
Quantum-key distribution is a crossing domain of quantum information and computer science perfect adaptation, and it is managed using quantum
By to realize that real security information exchanges the method for providing a unconditional security in theory.Field of quantum secure communication is just
Flourish, and clearly propose " quantum key distribution " this concept be the Bennett of IBM companies and it is Canadian
Brassard.Two people have published paper in the IEEE computers world conference of 1984《Public-Key
Distribution and coin tossing》.Elaborate to carry out key distribution using the polarization state coding of photon in paper
General principle and experiment conceive, the paper delivers the birth for indicating quantum cryptography, and this later method became famous
BB84 agreements.Quantum secret communication is gradually from laboratory proofing, short distance, the low QKD models into code check since then,
Through starting toward networking, remote, and high efficiency height is into the System Development of code check high stability.It is existing a small number of both at home and abroad at present
Company has carried out commercial applications to QKD system, and the coverage of domestic QKD networks has also just initially formed.It is main at present logical
The method of lifting system quantum light transmission frequency is crossed to lift the generation speed of safe code check, but by electronics and optical limit
The following impossible unconfined raising of system, can be for the node that some main nodes or high code check are applied, safe key
Demand future will persistently become more, this will restrict the large-scale use of quantum key dispatching system.At present, some networks are in master
Have begun to produce safe key parallel using more set quantum-key distribution equipment on the circuit of main line and big data quantity.Quantum
Key distribution system needs three channels, respectively quantum channel, synchronizing channel and classical communication channel in the communications, it is general and
Speech quantum channel is used for transmission quantity sub-light, and synchronizing channel is used for synchronous signal transmission, and classical communication channel sieves for primary key
Choosing, base, authentication, error correction and secrecy are amplified.In general, in order to save channel, can be by multichannel quantum channel, synchronization
Channel and classical communication channel wavelength-division multiplex or by synchronizing channel and classical communication combining channel, but with multiplex system
Increase, practical operation and the difficulty used will increase.
For the node of high safety code check application, by electronics and optical limitation it is following can not possibly unconfined raising,
Have begun to produce safe key parallel using more set quantum-key distribution equipment at present.Because quantum key distribution system is logical
Three channels are needed in letter, the complexity of wavelength division multiplexed channel will be big when being used for more set quantum-key distribution equipment simultaneously
Width is improved, it is necessary to which Multi-path synchronous signal and the drive circuit and electrooptic conversion module of classical signals, channel wavelength-division multiplex are more multiple
It is miscellaneous.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide one kind for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art to be used for multichannel quantum
The sychronisation and synchronous method of key distribution system, this is used for the sychronisation of multichannel quantum key distribution system and synchronization side
Method according to receiving terminal in most clock cycle all without this feature of the output of detectable signal, transmitting terminal using it is same when
Zhong Yuan, and multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal are merged in a channel, therefore the present invention can both save multichannel allusion quotation letter
Number and synchronizing signal drive circuit and electrooptic conversion module, the complexity of channel wavelength-division multiplex can also be simplified.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is：
A kind of sychronisation for multichannel quantum key distribution system, including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, the transmitting terminal include
Homologous clock module, multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal, the first protocol resolution module, the first optical module driver element and
First optical module, the receiving terminal include the second optical module, the second optical module driver element, second protocol parsing module and multichannel
Quantum key distribution system receiving terminal；
The homologous clock module is connected with quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel, quantum key distribution described in multichannel
System transmitting terminal is connected with quantum key distribution system receiving terminal quantum communications described in multichannel, quantum key distribution system described in multichannel
System transmitting terminal electrically connects with the first protocol resolution module, and first protocol resolution module is electrically connected with the first optical module driver element
Connect, the first optical module driver element electrically connects with the first optical module, and first optical module and the second optical module are classical logical
Letter connection, second optical module electrically connect with the second optical module driver element, the second optical module driver element and second
Protocol resolution module electrically connects, and the second protocol parsing module is electrically connected with quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel
Connect.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, in addition to the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer and the second quantum
Key wavelength division multiplexer, quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel are connected with the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer,
Quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel is connected with the second quantum key wavelength division multiplexer, first quantum key
Wavelength division multiplexer is connected by simple optical fiber with the second quantum key wavelength division multiplexer quantum communications.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, first optical module passes through simple optical fiber and the second optical module
Classical communication connects.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the homologous clock module using pll clock generator or
Person's crystal oscillator.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, first protocol resolution module includes coding module and first
Fifo module, the coding module are connected with quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal, the coding module and the first fifo module
Connection；The second protocol parsing module includes decoder module and the second fifo module, the decoder module and the 2nd FIFO moulds
Block is connected, and second fifo module is connected with quantum key distribution system receiving terminal.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal includes light source, hair
Sending end quantum state prepares module, optical attenuator and transmitting terminal control circuit module, and the light source prepares mould with transmitting terminal quantum state
Block is connected by optical fiber, and the transmitting terminal quantum state prepares module and is connected with optical attenuator by optical fiber, the optical attenuator and
First quantum key wavelength division multiplexer is connected by optical fiber, the control circuit module respectively with light source, transmitting terminal quantum state system
Standby module and optical attenuator electrically connect, and the control circuit module electrically connects with the first protocol resolution module.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, the quantum key distribution system receiving terminal includes receiving terminal control
Circuit module, receiving terminal quantum state preparation module and single-photon detector processed, the receiving terminal control circuit module is respectively with connecing
Receiving end quantum state prepares module and single-photon detector electrical connection, the receiving terminal control circuit module and second protocol parsing mould
Block electrically connects.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, another technical scheme that the present invention takes is：
A kind of synchronous method for multichannel quantum key distribution system, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel carries out quantum state preparation by homologous clock module and passed through
Quantum channel traffic volume sub-light is to quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel；
Step 2:Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel sends synchronizing signal and multichannel by homologous clock module
Classical signals are added header information to multichannel classical signals and delayed respectively to the first protocol resolution module, the first protocol resolution module
Deposit multichannel classical signals；
Step 3：Multichannel classical signals according to the transmission frequency of synchronizing signal and are passed through the first optical mode by the first protocol resolution module
Block driver element is sent to the first optical module, and multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal are converted to optical signal by first optical module
And the second optical module is sent to by simple optical fiber；
Step 4：The optical signal of reception is converted to multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal and by second by second optical module
Optical module driver element is sent to second protocol parsing module, and second protocol parsing module removes the header in multichannel classical signals
Information simultaneously sends multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal the multichannel quantum corresponding to according to the header information in multichannel classical information
Key distribution system receiving terminal, quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel is according to the multichannel classical signals received and together
Walk signal and quantum state preparation and quantum state detection are carried out to the quantum light that quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel is sent.
The present invention according to receiving terminal in most clock cycle all without this feature of the output of detectable signal, by multichannel
Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal and multichannel quantum key distribution system receiving terminal are parallel in use, can be by all synchronous letters
Number and classical signals transmitted by a combining channel；Multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal uses same clock source, makes
Run simultaneously even if obtain only can much cover quantum key distribution equipment using synchronizing signal all the way.Therefore the present invention can both save
Multichannel allusion quotation signal and the drive circuit and electrooptic conversion module of synchronizing signal are removed, the complexity of channel wavelength-division multiplex can also be simplified
Degree.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the transmitting terminal of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the receiving terminal of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the quantum key distribution system receiving terminal of the present invention.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is made below according to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 and being illustrated:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of sychronisation for multichannel quantum key distribution system, including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, institute
Stating transmitting terminal includes homologous clock module, multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal, the first protocol resolution module, the first optical mode
Block driver element and the first optical module, the receiving terminal include the second optical module, the second optical module driver element, second protocol solution
Analyse module and multichannel quantum key distribution system receiving terminal；The homologous clock module and quantum key distribution system described in multichannel
Transmitting terminal connects, quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel and quantum key distribution system receiving terminal quantum described in multichannel
Communication connection, quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal electrically connects with the first protocol resolution module described in multichannel, first agreement
Parsing module electrically connects with the first optical module driver element, and the first optical module driver element electrically connects with the first optical module,
First optical module is connected with the second optical module classical communication, and second optical module is electrically connected with the second optical module driver element
Connect, the second optical module driver element electrically connects with second protocol parsing module, the second protocol parsing module and multichannel
The quantum key distribution system receiving terminal electrical connection.
The present embodiment also includes the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer（DWDM）It is more with the second quantum key wavelength division multiplexer
Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in road is connected with the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer, quantum key described in multichannel point
Hair system receiving terminal is connected with the second quantum key wavelength division multiplexer, and the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer passes through single
Optical fiber is connected with the second quantum key wavelength division multiplexer quantum communications.First optical module passes through simple optical fiber and the second optical mode
Block classical communication connects.The homologous clock module uses pll clock generator or crystal oscillator.
In the present embodiment, first protocol resolution module includes coding module and the first fifo module, the coding mould
Block is connected with quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal, and the coding module is connected with the first fifo module；The second protocol solution
Analysis module includes decoder module and the second fifo module, and the decoder module is connected with the second fifo module, the 2nd FIFO
Module is connected with quantum key distribution system receiving terminal.First protocol resolution module and second protocol parsing module not only have association
The function of parsing is discussed, also with store function, for caching the classical signals of uncertain speed.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 3, the quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal includes light source, transmitting terminal quantum state system
Standby module, optical attenuator and transmitting terminal control circuit module, the light source prepare module with transmitting terminal quantum state and connected by optical fiber
Connect, the transmitting terminal quantum state prepares module and is connected with optical attenuator by optical fiber, the optical attenuator and the first quantum key
Wavelength division multiplexer is connected by optical fiber, and the control circuit module prepares module and light decay with light source, transmitting terminal quantum state respectively
Subtract device electrical connection, the control circuit module electrically connects with the first protocol resolution module.Wherein transmitting terminal quantum state prepares module
Prepared with quantum state（I.e. quantum state changes）Function, can use prior art quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal in
The structure that portion changes quantum state realizes prepared by quantum state.Specifically, transmitting terminal control circuit module triggering light source produces multi-photon,
Module is prepared by transmitting terminal quantum state, key information is carried on photon, light source is decayed into single photon rank before sending,
The single photon for being loaded with key information enters quantum channel.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 4, the quantum key distribution system receiving terminal include receiving terminal control circuit module,
Receiving terminal quantum state prepares module and single-photon detector, the receiving terminal control circuit module respectively with receiving terminal quantum state system
Standby module and single-photon detector electrically connect, and the receiving terminal control circuit module electrically connects with second protocol parsing module.Its
Middle receiving terminal quantum state, which prepares module, has quantum state preparation（I.e. quantum state changes）Function, can use prior art amount
The structure for changing quantum state inside quantum key distribution system receiving terminal realizes prepared by quantum state.Receiving terminal receives from quantum channel
Photon, initially enter receiving terminal quantum state and prepare module decoding, enter back into single-photon detector, single-photon detector is to single photon
Respond and export electrical signal and export to receiving terminal control circuit module, then by receiving terminal initiate classical channel to base and after
Processing.
The real work flow of the above-mentioned sychronisation for multichannel quantum key distribution system is：Transmitting terminal makes during operation
Quantum state preparation is carried out with homologous clock；Multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal passes through wavelength-division multiplex quantum channel traffic volume
Sub-light；Classical information is sent to the first protocol resolution module, the coding module in its function the first protocol resolution module of one side
For classical information is added into header（The process encoded by coding module）So which receiving terminal can tell
The data that transmitting terminal is sent, another aspect the first fifo module caching multichannel classical signals（First fifo module has caching number
According to function）So that classical signals are by presetting speed rates；Multichannel classical information is with synchronizing signal in the first protocol analysis mould
Sent after merging in block by the first optical module；After receiving terminal receives classical information, pass through second protocol parsing module
Interior decoder module removes header（The process decoded by decoder module）, classical information is sent to corresponding each
Road quantum key distribution system receiving terminal.After receiving terminal receives synchronizing signal, each road quantum key distribution system receiving terminal makes
Quantum state is carried out with synchronised clock to prepare and quantum state detection；
The present embodiment also provides a kind of synchronous method for multichannel quantum key distribution system, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel carries out quantum state preparation by homologous clock module and passed through
Quantum channel traffic volume sub-light is to quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel；
Step 2:Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel sends synchronizing signal and multichannel by homologous clock module
To the first protocol resolution module, the coding module in the first protocol resolution module adds classical signals respectively to multichannel classical signals
The first fifo module caching multichannel classical signals in header information and the first protocol resolution module；
Step 3：Multichannel classical signals according to the transmission frequency of synchronizing signal and are passed through the first optical mode by the first protocol resolution module
Block driver element is sent to the first optical module, and multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal are converted to optical signal by first optical module
And the second optical module is sent to by simple optical fiber；
Step 4：The optical signal of reception is converted to multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal and by second by second optical module
Optical module driver element is sent to second protocol parsing module, and the decoder module in second protocol parsing module removes multichannel classics
The second fifo module caching multichannel classical signals in header information and second protocol parsing module on signal, second protocol solution
Analyse module and multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal the multichannel quantum corresponding to are sent according to the header information in multichannel classical information
Key distribution system receiving terminal, quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel is according to the multichannel classical signals received and together
Walk signal and quantum state preparation and quantum state detection are carried out to the quantum light that quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel is sent.
Prepared by quantum state and the quantum state of the usable prior art of quantum state detection prepares and quantum state detection method.
The present invention is parallel in use, can be by all synchronizing signals and classical signals for more set quantum-key distribution equipment
Merge transmission；More set quantum key distribution system transmitting terminals use same clock source so that can be only using synchronizing signal all the way
Even if much set quantum key distribution equipment is run simultaneously.
Protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to embodiment of above, and protection scope of the present invention is with claims
It is defined, any replacement being readily apparent that to those skilled in the art that this technology is made, deformation, improvement each fall within the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of sychronisation for multichannel quantum key distribution system, including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating transmitting terminal includes homologous clock module, multichannel quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal, the first protocol resolution module, the first optical mode
Block driver element and the first optical module, the receiving terminal include the second optical module, the second optical module driver element, second protocol solution
Analyse module and multichannel quantum key distribution system receiving terminal；
The homologous clock module is connected with quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel, quantum key distribution described in multichannel
System transmitting terminal is connected with quantum key distribution system receiving terminal quantum communications described in multichannel, quantum key distribution system described in multichannel
System transmitting terminal electrically connects with the first protocol resolution module, and first protocol resolution module is electrically connected with the first optical module driver element
Connect, the first optical module driver element electrically connects with the first optical module, and first optical module and the second optical module are classical logical
Letter connection, second optical module electrically connect with the second optical module driver element, the second optical module driver element and second
Protocol resolution module electrically connects, and the second protocol parsing module is electrically connected with quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel
Connect.
2. the sychronisation according to claim 1 for multichannel quantum key distribution system, it is characterised in that：Also include
First quantum key wavelength division multiplexer and the second quantum key wavelength division multiplexer, quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel
Be connected with the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer, quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel with the second quantum key
Wavelength division multiplexer connects, and the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer passes through simple optical fiber and the second quantum key wavelength division multiplexer
Quantum communications connect.
3. the sychronisation according to claim 2 for multichannel quantum key distribution system, it is characterised in that：Described
One optical module is connected by simple optical fiber with the second optical module classical communication.
4. the sychronisation according to claim 1 for multichannel quantum key distribution system, it is characterised in that：It is described same
Source clock module uses pll clock generator or crystal oscillator.
5. the sychronisation according to claim 2 for multichannel quantum key distribution system, it is characterised in that：Described
One protocol resolution module includes coding module and the first fifo module, the coding module and quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal
Connection, the coding module are connected with the first fifo module；The second protocol parsing module includes decoder module and second
Fifo module, the decoder module are connected with the second fifo module, and second fifo module connects with quantum key distribution system
Receiving end connects.
6. the sychronisation according to claim 5 for multichannel quantum key distribution system, it is characterised in that：The amount
Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal includes light source, transmitting terminal quantum state prepares module, optical attenuator and transmitting terminal control circuit mould
Block, the light source prepare module with transmitting terminal quantum state and are connected by optical fiber, and the transmitting terminal quantum state prepares module and light decay
Subtract device to connect by optical fiber, the optical attenuator is connected with the first quantum key wavelength division multiplexer by optical fiber, the control electricity
Road module prepares module with light source, transmitting terminal quantum state respectively and optical attenuator electrically connects, the control circuit module and first
Protocol resolution module electrically connects.
7. the sychronisation according to claim 6 for multichannel quantum key distribution system, it is characterised in that：The amount
Quantum key distribution system receiving terminal includes receiving terminal control circuit module, receiving terminal quantum state prepares module and single photon detection
Device, the receiving terminal control circuit module prepares module with receiving terminal quantum state respectively and single-photon detector electrically connects, described
Receiving terminal control circuit module electrically connects with second protocol parsing module.
A kind of 8. synchronous method for multichannel quantum key distribution system, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel carries out quantum state preparation by homologous clock module and passed through
Quantum channel traffic volume sub-light is to quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel；
Step 2:Quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel sends synchronizing signal and multichannel by homologous clock module
Classical signals are added header information to multichannel classical signals and delayed respectively to the first protocol resolution module, the first protocol resolution module
Deposit multichannel classical signals；
Step 3：Multichannel classical signals according to the transmission frequency of synchronizing signal and are passed through the first optical mode by the first protocol resolution module
Block driver element is sent to the first optical module, and multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal are converted to optical signal by first optical module
And the second optical module is sent to by simple optical fiber；
Step 4：The optical signal of reception is converted to multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal and by second by second optical module
Optical module driver element is sent to second protocol parsing module, and second protocol parsing module removes the header in multichannel classical signals
Information simultaneously sends multichannel classical signals and synchronizing signal the multichannel quantum corresponding to according to the header information in multichannel classical information
Key distribution system receiving terminal, quantum key distribution system receiving terminal described in multichannel is according to the multichannel classical signals received and together
Walk signal and quantum state preparation and quantum state detection are carried out to the quantum light that quantum key distribution system transmitting terminal described in multichannel is sent.
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| CN108337088A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-27 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Single fiber merges quantum key distribution system, method and related system, method |
| CN108512607A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-07 | 浙江九州量子信息技术股份有限公司 | A kind of classical information exchange method based on quantum metropolitan area looped network |
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| CN110995362A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-10 | 西安电子科技大学 | MDI-QKD (Dipper-Measure-of-Key-decomposition) encoding system and method using soft-core processor |
| CN111245618A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-05 | 江苏亨通问天量子信息研究院有限公司 | Internet of things secret communication system and method based on quantum key |
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| CN110995362B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | MDI-QKD (Dipper-Measure-of-Key-decomposition) encoding system and method using soft-core processor |
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