CN106602265A - Wave beam forming network, input structure thereof, input/output method of wave beam forming network, and three-beam antenna - Google Patents
Wave beam forming network, input structure thereof, input/output method of wave beam forming network, and three-beam antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN106602265A CN106602265A CN201610843984.9A CN201610843984A CN106602265A CN 106602265 A CN106602265 A CN 106602265A CN 201610843984 A CN201610843984 A CN 201610843984A CN 106602265 A CN106602265 A CN 106602265A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a wave beam forming network, and the network comprises a first directional coupler, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a first power divider, and at least one phase shifter. The output end of the first directional coupler is connected with the input ends of the second and third directional couplers. The output end of the first power divider is connected with the input ends of the second and third directional couplers. At least one phase shifter is connected to one output end of the second directional coupler and/or one output end of the third directional coupler. An electric signal is inputted through the first directional coupler and the first power divider, and is outputted by the output ends of the second and third couplers. The matrix network is excellent in performance, is simple in structure, is small in size, and is good in consistency. In addition, the invention also relates to a three-beam antenna, an input structure of the network and an input/output method of the network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical field, specifically, the present invention relates to Wave-packet shaping network and its input structure, defeated
Enter output intent and three beam antennas.
Background technology
At present, moving communicating field technology is developed rapidly, and subscriber traffic continues blowout, and substantial amounts of data service is to movement
Message capacity is put forward higher requirement.Generally, antenna of mobile communication base station covers a sector with a wider wave beam,
When user increases in the sector, the problems such as signal interference strengthens, capacity is not enough is can bring about.
Multibeam antenna is can be regarded as a wider wave beam " splitting " into multiple narrower wave beams, is to be at antenna feeder end
System capacity enlargement provides a kind of reliable solution.It is multibeam antenna design that multiple wave beams are formed using Butler matrixes
One of Main Means.
A kind of three beam antenna of dual polarization for mobile communication base station of patent CN201210080959.1, discloses one kind
Three beam antennas, the phase contrast of formed -120 ° of the patent, 0 ° of phase contrast ,+120 ° of phase contrasts can realize the respectively on antenna
Azimuthal sensing of one wave beam offset to the left -40 °, the azimuthal of the second wave beam be oriented to 0 °, the azimuth of the 3rd wave beam
Be oriented to 0.For to be formed -40 °, 0 ° ,+40 ° of azimuth.In addition to changing phase contrast, antenna can also be optimized
In array pitch.By changing its spacing, it is also possible to change the formation of antenna azimuth.But due to the ripple that the antenna is formed
Beam azimuthal displacement is larger, but the size greater level face Sidelobe Suppression of antenna can not meet existing demand, and which is integrally tied
Structure design is complex, relatively costly.
Patent CN201310294694.X 3 × 3Butler of one kind matrixes and 5 × 6Butler matrixes, disclose a kind of 3 ×
3Butler matrixes, including by the first directional coupler, the second directional coupler, the 3rd directional coupler, the first phase shifter,
Two phase shifters and the 3rd phase shifter composition.As a key property of 3dB directional couplers is straightthrough port and coupling aperture energy
Formed with 90 ° of phase contrasts, and 120 ° of phase contrasts that the 3 × 3Butler matrixes described in the patent are formed are by power combing
's.Therefore the output of the first delivery outlet OUT1 described in the patent, the second delivery outlet OUT2, the 3rd delivery outlet OUT3 must
It is equal, this power distribution is irrational for the antenna pattern of antenna.First, its first delivery outlet OUT1,
Two delivery outlet OUT2, the output of the 3rd delivery outlet OUT3 are equal, then can make the antenna pattern of the first input port in1
- 40 ° of the beam positional angular variation of the first wave beam, therefore, the horizontal plane Sidelobe Suppression of the first wave beam cannot just be inhibited, can be right
The antenna pattern (i.e. the second wave beam) and the antenna pattern (i.e. the 3rd wave beam) of the 3rd input port in3 of the second input port in2
Main beam formed interference.Secondly as the increase of phase contrast, it will increase the loss of antenna.
So, existing Butler matrix design is complicated, size is larger, and conformity of production deviation need to improve.
The content of the invention
The primary and foremost purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of simple structure, smaller, stable performance and concordance is preferable
Wave-packet shaping network.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three beam antennas using above-mentioned Wave-packet shaping network.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of input structure of above-mentioned Wave-packet shaping network.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of input output method of above-mentioned Wave-packet shaping network.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides technical scheme below：
A kind of Wave-packet shaping network, it is characterised in that include：First directional coupler, the second directional coupler, the 3rd determine
To bonder, the first power splitter and at least one phase shifter, the outfan of first directional coupler is oriented with second respectively
The input connection of bonder and the 3rd directional coupler, the outfan of first power splitter respectively with the second directional coupler
Connect with the input of the 3rd directional coupler；The signal of telecommunication is input into via the first directional coupler and the first power splitter respectively, and
Exported and/or exported into the phase shifter by the outfan of the second directional coupler and the 3rd directional coupler respectively, it is described
Phase shifter at least one is connected on an outfan of the second directional coupler and/or the 3rd directional coupler.
Preferably, each directional coupler is respectively provided with first, second input and first, second outfan；First orientation
First outfan of bonder is connected with the first input end of second directional coupler, and the second of the first directional coupler is defeated
Go out end to be connected with the second input of the 3rd directional coupler；Two output ports of first power splitter and the second orientation coupling
Second input of clutch, the first input end of the 3rd directional coupler connect one to one, and the second of the second directional coupler
Outfan, the first outfan of the 3rd directional coupler respectively connect a phase shifter..
Further, also include that the first outfan of outfan and/or the second directional coupler with the phase shifter, the 3rd determine
To multiple second power splitters that the second outfan of bonder connects.
Preferably, each described directional coupler is the directional coupler that two outfans have 90 ° of phase contrasts.
Preferably, first directional coupler is the directional coupler of 3dB constant powers distribution, and described second, third is determined
To the directional coupler that bonder is unequal power distribution.
Preferably, each phase shifter introduce 90 ° of Phase delay.
A kind of three beam antennas, including reflecting plate, the aerial array on reflecting plate, the work(point fed for aerial array
The Wave-packet shaping network that phase shift feeding network and its outfan are connected with the input of work(point phase shift feeding network, the antenna
Array includes multiple subarrays, and each subarray includes multiple radiating elements；The number of the work(point phase shift feeding network and son
The columns of array is consistent, and each work(point phase shift feeding network is respectively provided with an input and multiple outfans；The beam shaping
Network is above-mentioned Wave-packet shaping network, the output port quantity of the Wave-packet shaping network and the submatrix column number one of aerial array
Cause, and multiple output ports of Wave-packet shaping network connected one to one with the input of multiple work(point phase shift feeding network,
Multiple outfans of each described work(point phase shift feeding network are connected one to one with multiple radiating elements of a subarray.
Preferably, each described radiating element is dual-polarization radiating unit, and the quantity of the Wave-packet shaping network is at least
Two, described two Wave-packet shaping networks are respectively used to two different polarization, the input of each work(point phase shift feeding network
With each corresponding outfan connection of two Wave-packet shaping networks.
Preferably, 0.5～1.2 times wavelength of the spacing of two neighboring subarray selected from working frequency range center frequency point, same
In individual subarray, the spacing of two neighboring radiating element is 0.7～1.3 times of wavelength selected from working frequency range center frequency point.
Preferably, two neighboring subarray mutual dislocation is arranged, and dislocation spacing is two neighboring spoke in same subarray
Penetrate spacing between unit 0.5 times.
A kind of input output method of Wave-packet shaping network, comprises the following steps：The first via signal of telecommunication to being input into is carried out
Coupling and phase modulation are processed, and export four tunnels forward direction output signal；The second road signal of telecommunication to being input into is coupled and phase modulation is processed,
And export the reverse output signal in four tunnels；The two-way that is divided into of the 3rd road signal of telecommunication of input is exported into the equal shunting signal of telecommunication, and
The described shunting signal of telecommunication is coupled, and four tunnel phase places is exported into the signal of the arithmetic progression that tolerance is zero；Four tunnel is just
Correspond to the reverse output signal in output signal and four tunnel, and mutually there is between corresponding signal equal phase place
Difference.
The coupling and phase modulation are processed includes that coupling processing and phase shift are processed, the signal of telecommunication coupling that the coupling processing will be input into
Tetra- road signals of He Chu, the phase shift are processed at least signal carries out phase shift and exports all the way.
The coupling processing includes the first coupling processing and the second coupling processing, the electricity that first coupling processing will be input into
Signal constant power is distributively coupled out two-way coupled signal, and the second coupling processing is carried out at coupling to two-way coupled signal respectively
Reason, and export four road signals.
A kind of input structure of Wave-packet shaping network, including：At least two couple inputs and the work(such as at least one point are defeated
Enter end；Described two couple inputs include being configurable for the first input for the Wave-packet shaping network input two paths of signals
Port and the second input port, so as to two paths of signals is formed under the constant power distribution coupling of the Wave-packet shaping network respectively have
Dephased first, second wave beam；It is described to wait work(point input, it is configurable for as the Wave-packet shaping network input the 3rd
Road signal, so that the 3rd road signal forms equiphase 3rd ripple under the constant power distribution coupling of the Wave-packet shaping network
Beam.
Compared to existing technology, the solution of the present invention has advantages below：
The Wave-packet shaping network of the present invention, by the mutual of three directional couplers, two phase shifters and a power splitter
Coordinate, construct the Wave-packet shaping network of one three input multi output (at least four output ports) so that radiofrequency signal passes through
When different input ports is input into, different phase configurations are formed at four different output ports, it is different so as to form three
Beam position.The characteristics of Wave-packet shaping network of the present invention has excellent performance, simple structure, small volume and concordance good.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and these will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Of the invention above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will become from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments
It is substantially and easy to understand, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the Wave-packet shaping network of the 3 × 4 of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of 3 × 4 Wave-packet shaping network shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the Wave-packet shaping network of the 3 × 5 of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of the aerial array with reflecting plate of three beam antennas of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the work(point phase shift feeding network of three beam antennas of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of three beam antennas of the present invention, shows Wave-packet shaping network, work(point phase shift transmission network
The annexation of network and aerial array；
Fig. 7 is the directional diagram of the antenna of the Wave-packet shaping network using the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from start to finish
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 collectively illustrate the present invention Wave-packet shaping network, to from different port input radio frequency signal when
Different output port forms different phase configurations, so as to form multiple different beam positions.
With 3 × N Butler matrixing networks (hereinafter referred to as " Butler matrixing networks ") of three input multi outputs it is below
Example, illustrates to the composition and its principle of the Wave-packet shaping network of the present invention.
The Butler matrixing networks include the first directional coupler, the second directional coupler, the 3rd directional coupler,
One power splitter and at least one phase shifter, the outfan of first directional coupler respectively with the second directional coupler and the 3rd
The input connection of directional coupler, the outfan of first power splitter orient coupling with the second directional coupler and the 3rd respectively
The input connection of clutch, the phase shifter at least one are connected to the second directional coupler and/or the 3rd directional coupler
On one outfan.The signal of telecommunication is input into via the first directional coupler and the first power splitter respectively, and respectively by the second orientation coupling
The outfan output of clutch and the 3rd directional coupler.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of 3 × 4 Butler matrixing networks 100, including three input ports and four output ports, point
Wei not first input port IN1, the second input port IN2, the 3rd input port IN3, the first output port OUT1, the second output
Port OUT2, the 3rd output port OUT3 and the 4th output port OUT4.
A kind of instantiation schematic diagram of Butler matrixing networks of the Fig. 2 shown in Fig. 1.The Butler matrixing networks 100
Including the first directional coupler 11, the second directional coupler 12, the phase shifter 21,22 and one of the 3rd directional coupler 13, two
Power splitter 3.Wherein, each directional coupler has first input end, the second input, the first outfan and the second outfan,
By taking the first directional coupler 11 as an example, the first directional coupler 11 with its first input end 11a, the second input 11b, first
Outfan 11c and the second outfan 11d；Two phase shifters 21,22 respectively have an input and an outfan；It is described
Power splitter 3 is one-to-two constant power power splitter, i.e., described power splitter 3 is with an input 3a and two outfans 3b, 3c.
The first input end 11a of first directional coupler 11 is input into as the first of the Butler matrixing networks 100
Port IN1, the second input 11b of first directional coupler 11 are input into as the second of the Butler matrixing networks 100
The 3rd input port IN3 of port IN2, the input 3a of the power splitter 3 as the Butler matrixing networks 100.
First outfan 11c of first directional coupler 11 is connected to the first outfan of the second directional coupler 12
12a, the second outfan 11d of the first directional coupler 11 are connected to the second input 13b of the 3rd directional coupler 13, described
The second input 12b of two outfans 3b, 3c and the second directional coupler 12 of power splitter 3, the 3rd directional coupler 13
First input end 13a connects one to one, the second outfan 12d of second directional coupler 12 and a phase shifter 21
Input connects, and the first outfan 13c of the 3rd directional coupler 13 is then connected with the input of another phase shifter 22.
First outfan 12c of second directional coupler 12 is exported as the first of the Butler matrixing networks 100
Port OUT1, the outfan of a phase shifter 21 being connected with the second directional coupler 12 is used as the Butler matrixing networks 100
The 3rd output port OUT3, the outfan of a phase shifter 22 being connected with the 3rd directional coupler 13 is used as the Butler squares
Second output port OUT2 of battle array network 100, the second outfan 13d of the 3rd directional coupler 13 is used as the Butler matrix nets
4th output port OUT4 of network 100.
Preferably, in above-mentioned device, each described directional coupler 11,12,13 is that two outfans have 90 ° of phase contrasts
Directional coupler；Each described phase shifter 21,22 introduces 90 ° of Phase delay；Two outfans of the power splitter 3
The phase place of 3b, 3c is consistent.
Thus, when radiofrequency signal is input into from first input port IN1 of the Butler matrixing networks 100, signal passes through
The first input end 11a of the first directional coupler 11 enters two of the first directional coupler 11 the first directional couplers of Jing 11
Outfan 11c, 11d are exported, wherein, the first outfan 11c of the first directional coupler 11 obtains 0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of signal, and second is defeated
Go out to hold 11d to obtain 1/2 ∠ -90 ° of signal.
Of 1/2 ∠ of signal, 0 ° of second directional coupler of Jing 12 obtained by first outfan 11c of the first directional coupler 11
One input 12a flows into the second directional coupler 12, and obtains signal 1/ in the first outfan 12c of the second directional coupler 12
40 ° of ∠, obtain 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal in the second outfan 12d of the second directional coupler 12,1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal again Jing with
Second directional coupler 12 the second outfan 12d connection phase shifter 21 and export, finally in the outfan of the phase shifter 21
1/4 ∠ -180 ° of signal is obtained, i.e., final OUT1 output signals are 0 ° of 1/4 ∠, 1/4 ∠ -180 ° of OUT3 output signals.
1/2 ∠ -90 ° of the 3rd directional coupler 13 of Jing of signal obtained by second outfan 11d of the first directional coupler 11
Second input 13b flows into the 3rd directional coupler 13, and obtains signal in the first outfan 13c of the 3rd directional coupler 13
, 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal is obtained in the second outfan 13d, 1/4 ∠ -180 ° of signal Jing and the 3rd directional couple again by 1/4 ∠ -180 °
13 first outfan 13c of device connection phase shifter 22 and export, finally the outfan in the phase shifter 22 obtain 1/4 ∠ of signal-
270 °, i.e., final OUT2 output signals are 1/4 ∠ -270 °, OUT4 output signals are 1/4 ∠ -90 °.
Therefore, it is if radiofrequency signal is input into from first input port IN1 of the Butler matrixing networks 100, defeated at four
The signal that exit port is obtained respectively 0 ° of 1/4 ∠ (OUT1), 1/4 ∠ -270 ° (OUT2), 1/4 ∠ -180 ° (OUT3) and 1/4 ∠ -
90°(OUT4).According to 360 ° of electromagnetic wave for a cycle principles, OUT1 output signals can be regarded as 1/4 ∠ -360 °.Thus
Constant amplitude can be formed between four output ports, the width distributed mutually that phase contrast is+90 °.
When radiofrequency signal is from the second input port IN2 of the Butler matrixing networks 100, namely the first directional coupler 12
The second input 12b when being input into, obtain 1/2 ∠ -90 ° of signal in the first outfan 11c of the first directional coupler 11, second
Outfan 11d obtains 0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of signal.
1/2 ∠ -90 ° of the signal that first outfan 11c of the first directional coupler 11 is obtained is through the second directional coupler
12 first input end 12a flows into the second directional coupler 12, and at the first outfan 12c of the second directional coupler 12
To 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal, 1/4 ∠ -180 ° of signal at the second outfan 12d, is obtained, Jing is moved signal obtained by the second outfan 12d again
Phase device 21 is exported, and finally the outfan in the phase shifter 21 obtains 1/4 ∠ -270 ° of signal, i.e., and final 1/4 ∠ of OUT1 output signals -
90 °, 1/4 ∠ -270 ° of OUT3 output signals.
0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of signal that second outfan 11d of the first directional coupler 11 is obtained is through the 3rd directional coupler 13
The second input 13b flow into the 3rd directional coupler 13, and obtain letter in the first outfan 13c of the 3rd directional coupler 13
Number 1/4 ∠ -90 °, 0 ° of 1/4 ∠ of signal is obtained at the second outfan 13d, wherein the signal of the first outfan 13c is again through phase shift
Device 22 and export so that 1/4 ∠ -180 ° of signal is obtained at the phase shifter 22, i.e., final OUT2 output signals 1/4 ∠ -180 °, OUT4
0 ° of 1/4 ∠ of output signal.That is, the output signal of four outfans be respectively 1/4 ∠ -90 ° (OUT1), 1/4 ∠ -180 °
(OUT2)、1/4∠-270°(OUT3)、1/4∠-360°(OUT4).Constant amplitude, phase can be formed between four output ports so
Potential difference is -90 ° of width distributed mutually.
When radiofrequency signal is from the input 3a (i.e. the 3rd input port IN3 of the Butler matrixing networks 100) of power splitter 3
During input, signal obtains the radiofrequency signal 1/2 of two constant amplitude homophases by power splitter 3 and in power splitter 3 two outfans 3b, 3c
∠0°。
0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of one of signal at 3 output port of power splitter is by the second input of the second directional coupler 12
End 12b flow into the second directional coupler 12, and the first outfan 12c of the second directional coupler 12 obtain 1/4 ∠ of signal-
90 °, 0 ° of 1/4 ∠ of signal, and signal obtained by the second outfan 12d are obtained again through the phase shifter 21 in the second outfan 12d
Output so that 21 output of phase shifter obtains 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal, i.e. 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of final OUT1 output signals, OUT3 is defeated
Go out 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal.
0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of another signal at 3 output port of power splitter is by the first input end of the 3rd directional coupler 13
13a flows into the 3rd directional coupler 13, and obtains 0 ° of 1/4 ∠ of signal in the first outfan 13c of the 3rd directional coupler 13, the
Two outfan 13d obtain 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal, and wherein 1/4 ∠ of signal, 0 ° of shifted device 22 is exported and caused in the phase shifter 22
Output obtains 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of signal, i.e., final OUT2 output signals 1/4 ∠ -90 °, 1/4 ∠ -90 ° of OUT4 output signals.
Thus, when the 3rd input port IN3 of the radiofrequency signal Jing Butler matrixing networks 100 is input into, four outputs
Port obtains the width distributed mutually (signal of four output ports output be 1/4 ∠ -90 °) of constant amplitude homophase.
In sum, when the Butler matrixing networks 100 of the present embodiment are connected with four aerial arrays (matrixing network
Four output ports and four aerial arrays connect one to one), 3 kinds of different beam position sides are formed in three input ports
Xiang Tu, as shown in Figure 7.
The Butler matrixing networks 100 of the present embodiment in three input port input radio frequency signals, in four outfans
Mouthful four tunnel constant amplitudes of output and phase place is into the forward signal that tolerance is 90 °, four tunnel constant amplitudes and phase place is into the reverse letter that tolerance is -90 °
Number and four tunnel constant amplitude homophases signal.
In the present embodiment, the mentality of designing of the Butler matrixing networks is simple and ingenious, smaller, stable performance and
And concordance is good.
Preferably, first directional coupler 11 is the directional coupler of 3dB constant powers distribution.
Further, it is contemplated that decay of the radiofrequency signal in transmitting procedure, the radio frequency to export whole output ports
Signal keeps constant amplitude, and described second, third directional coupler 12,13 can be the directional coupler of unequal power distribution, and make
Power of the power of an outfan being connected with the phase shifter 21,22 more than another outfan.In the present embodiment, second is fixed
It is more than the power of its first outfan 12c, the 3rd directional coupler 13 to the output of the second outfan 12d of bonder 12
The first outfan 13c output more than its second outfan 13d output.
Above-mentioned each directional coupler 11,12,13 can be using branch line directional coupler, oriented coupler of coupler wire (such as
Parallel coupled line directional coupler) or other design forms such as Small aperture coupling, the double T of matching directional coupler.Each directional couple
Device can be constituted using coaxial line, rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, strip line or microstrip line.
In other embodiments, Butler matrixing networks 100 are in three input port IN1～IN3 input radio frequency signals
When, four tunnel constant amplitudes are exported in four output port OUT1～OUT4 and have dephased forward signal, four tunnel constant amplitudes and and have
The signal of dephased reverse signal and four tunnel constant amplitude homophases, wherein, four tunnel forward signals and four road reverse signals one a pair
Should, and there is between corresponding each two signal identical phase contrast.Based on this, can be by those skilled in the art according to phase place
Difference demand assembles out specific Wave-packet shaping network from corresponding directional coupler, phase shifter.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 3 shows a kind of 3 × 5 Butler matrixing networks 100, with three input ports and five output ports,
Its structure is similar with embodiment 1, and difference is that, including two power splitters 3, for ease of difference, it is defeated that definition provides the 3rd
One power splitter of inbound port IN3 is the first power splitter 31, and another power splitter is the second power splitter 32.As understood above, the
Input of the input of one power splitter 31 as the 3rd input port IN3, two outfan and second, third directional coupler
End connection.The input 32 of the second power splitter 32 is connected with the first outfan 12c of the second directional coupler 12, will be original
First output port OUT1 is divided into two output port OUT1 and OUT5 to carry out signal output, i.e., in original four output port
On the basis of increase a 5th output port OUT5.
In other embodiments, more power splitters 3 can also be included, except providing one of the 3rd input port IN3 the
One power splitter (i.e. the first power splitter 31) other power splitters (i.e. the second power splitter 32) outward, the outfan with the phase shifter 21,22
Connection, or the second outfan 13d companies of the first outfan 12c with the second directional coupler 12, the 3rd directional coupler 13
Connect, or the outfan of phase shifter 21,22 outfans and second, third directional coupler 12,13 has all been connected with power splitter 32
Connect, more output ports are expanded by the second different power splitters 32 on the basis of original multiple output ports, from
And it is applied to the antenna with more antennas subarray.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 4～Fig. 6 shows a kind of three beam antenna 1000 of dual polarization, including reflecting plate 400, on reflecting plate 400
Four sub-array antennas 301,302, the 303 and 304, work(consistent with sub-array antenna quantity point phase shift feeding network 201,
202nd, 203 and 204 (referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, due to the structure of work(point phase shift feeding network it is identical, to illustrate conveniently, 202,203,
204 not exclusively draw), and two embodiments 1 in Butler matrixing networks 100 and 100 '.
In the present embodiment, each described sub-array antenna includes six antenna radiation units, such as 301, including antenna
Radiating element 301b～301g, and six antenna radiation units are dual polarization antenna radiation unit, and each radiating element is equal
The work(being each connected to point phase shift feeding network port (i.e. the outfan of work(point phase shift feeding network), that is to say, that the work(
Divide phase shift feeding network that there is at least six outfans, the work(than as shown in Figure 5 one point six point phase shift feeding network, the work(point
Phase shift feeding network 201 has input 201a and six outfan 201b～201g, wherein, outfan 201b～201g and spoke
Penetrate unit 301b～301g to connect one to one.
Incorporated by reference to Fig. 6, described two Butler matrixing networks 100 are identical with 100 ' structure, be respectively used to two it is different
Polarization (such as+45 ° and -45 ° of linear polarizations).The work(is divided to phase shift feeding network 201～204 support to polarize two
Antenna radiation unit simultaneously feed, i.e. the input 201a of work(point phase shift feeding network (such as 201) simultaneously with Butler squares
OUT1 ' the connections of the OUT1 and Butler matrixing networks 100 ' of battle array network 100, in the same manner, work(point phase shift feeding network 202,
203rd, 204 are connected with two Butler matrixing networks 100,100 ' corresponding output ports.
In other embodiments, each subarray 301,302,303 and 304 of three beam antenna 1000 of dual polarization
The number of radiating element can be adjusted by different gains demand.It is corresponding with this, work(point phase shift feeding network output port and
Its matching branch road carries out suitably adjustment (for example increasing output port) and thinks that radiating element feeds.
Preferably, the array pitch of two neighboring subarray 301,302,303 and 304 may be selected from working frequency range center frequency point
0.5～1.2 times of wavelength.
Preferably, the spacing of each two adjacent radiation unit in same subarray may be selected from working frequency range center frequency point
0.7～1.3 times of wavelength.
Further, 301,302,303 and 304 mutual dislocation of two neighboring subarray is arranged, and usually chooses same son
In array, 0.5 times of two neighboring radiating element spacing enters line misregistration.
Three beam antenna 1000 of dual polarization all has electricity in each of which work(point phase shift feeding network 201,202,203,204
Three wave beam independence electrical tilt antenna of dual polarization is constituted during the function of adjusting phase shift.
The quantity of also expansible its subarray of three beam antenna of dual polarization, is adapted to this, need to be by different outputs
Port power splitter extends to the output port consistent with submatrix number of columns, so that radiation.
Three beam antenna of dual polarization of the present invention illustrated above.It is when radiating element is not dual-polarization radiating unit, described
Three beam antennas are common three beam antenna.Now, the Wave-packet shaping network only needs to one.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the invention provides a kind of input structure of Wave-packet shaping network, including：At least two couplings
Input and the work(such as at least one point input；Described two couple inputs include being configurable for as the beam shaping net
The first input port and the second input port of network input two paths of signals, so that grade work(of the two paths of signals in the Wave-packet shaping network
First, second wave beam for being respectively provided with phase contrast is formed respectively under rate distribution coupling；It is described to wait work(point input, it is configurable for
The 3rd road signal is input into for the Wave-packet shaping network, so that constant power distribution coupling of the 3rd road signal in the Wave-packet shaping network
Equiphase 3rd wave beam is formed under conjunction.
Using the antenna of the Wave-packet shaping network with above input structure, can be in different input port input radio frequencies
Different phase configurations are formed in different output port during signal, so as to form multiple different beam positions.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of input output method of Wave-packet shaping network, comprises the following steps：
A () first via signal of telecommunication being input into is coupled and phase modulation is processed, and exports four tunnels forward direction output signal, described
The phase place of four tunnels forward direction output signal is into the ascending series that tolerance is a；
B () the second road signal of telecommunication being input into is coupled and phase modulation is processed, and exports the reverse output signal in four tunnels, described
The phase place of the reverse output signal in four tunnels is into the decreasing sequence of numbers that tolerance is b；
C the two-way that is divided into of the 3rd road signal of telecommunication being input into is exported the equal shunting signal of telecommunication by (), and to described shunting
The signal of telecommunication is coupled, and exports four tunnel phase places into the signal of the arithmetic progression that tolerance is zero.
Wherein, the coupling and phase modulation are processed includes that coupling processing and phase shift are processed, and the coupling processing will be input into per road
Coupling electrical signals go out four road signals；The phase shift process in the four road signals that are coupled out at least signal carries out phase shift all the way
And export, so that the phase place of the signal exported at four output ports of Wave-packet shaping network is distributed into arithmetic progression.
Specifically, the coupling processing includes the first coupling processing and the second coupling processing, and first coupling processing will
The signal of telecommunication constant power of input is distributively coupled out two-way coupled signal, and the second coupling processing is respectively to obtained by the first coupling processing
Two-way coupled signal carry out coupling processing, and export four road signals.
In other embodiments, there is phase contrast to the four tunnel forward signals that first via Electric signal processing is formed, it is described
Phase contrast can be the tolerance of arithmetic progression, also not be fixed value；In the same manner, it is anti-to four tunnels of the second road Electric signal processing output
Also there is phase contrast to signal.
Sum it up, adopting the input output method, a kind of wave beam network of multiple-input and multiple-output, the wave beam can be formed
Network forms different phase configurations in different output port in different input port input radio frequency signals, many so as to be formed
Individual different beam position.
The above is only some embodiments of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of Wave-packet shaping network, it is characterised in that include：First directional coupler, the second directional coupler, the 3rd orientation
Bonder, the first power splitter and at least one phase shifter, the outfan of first directional coupler orient coupling with second respectively
The input connection of clutch and the 3rd directional coupler, the outfan of first power splitter respectively with the second directional coupler and
The input connection of the 3rd directional coupler；
The signal of telecommunication is input into via the first directional coupler and the first power splitter respectively, and respectively by the second directional coupler and the 3rd
The outfan of directional coupler is exported and/or is exported into the phase shifter, and it is fixed that the phase shifter at least one is connected to second
To on an outfan of bonder and/or the 3rd directional coupler.
2. Wave-packet shaping network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each directional coupler is respectively provided with first,
Two inputs and first, second outfan；First outfan of the first directional coupler and the of second directional coupler
One input connects, and the second outfan of the first directional coupler is connected with the second input of the 3rd directional coupler；It is described
Second input of two output ports and the second directional coupler of the first power splitter, the first input of the 3rd directional coupler
End connects one to one, the respectively connection one of the second outfan of the second directional coupler, the first outfan of the 3rd directional coupler
The individual phase shifter.
3. Wave-packet shaping network according to claim 2, it is characterised in that further include the outfan with the phase shifter
And/or second first outfan of directional coupler, multiple second work(point of the second outfan connection of the 3rd directional coupler
Device.
4. Wave-packet shaping network according to claim 2, it is characterised in that each described directional coupler is two outputs
Directional coupler of the end with 90 ° of phase contrasts.
5. Wave-packet shaping network according to claim 4, it is characterised in that first directional coupler is the work(such as 3dB
The directional coupler of rate distribution, described second, third directional coupler are the directional coupler of unequal power distribution.
6. Wave-packet shaping network according to claim 2, it is characterised in that each phase shifter introduces 90 ° of phase place and prolongs
Late.
7. a kind of three beam antenna, including reflecting plate, the aerial array on reflecting plate, the work(point for aerial array feed are moved
The Wave-packet shaping network that phase feeding network and its outfan are connected with the input of work(point phase shift feeding network, the antenna array
Row include multiple subarrays, and each subarray includes multiple radiating elements；The number and submatrix of the work(point phase shift feeding network
The columns of row is consistent, and each work(point phase shift feeding network is respectively provided with an input and multiple outfans；Characterized in that, described
Wave-packet shaping network is the Wave-packet shaping network described in any one of claim 1 to 6, the output port number of the Wave-packet shaping network
Amount is consistent with the submatrix column number of aerial array, and multiple output ports of Wave-packet shaping network and multiple work(point phase shift feed
The input of network connects one to one, and each described work(divides many of multiple outfans and a subarray of phase shift feeding network
Individual radiating element connects one to one.
8. three beam antenna according to claim 7, it is characterised in that each described radiating element is dual polarised radiation list
Unit, the quantity at least two of the Wave-packet shaping network, described two Wave-packet shaping networks are respectively used to two different poles
Change, each work(is divided to the input of phase shift feeding network and each corresponding outfan connection of two Wave-packet shaping networks.
9. three beam antennas according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that the spacing of two neighboring subarray is selected from work
Make 0.5～1.2 times of wavelength of frequency range center frequency point, the spacing of two neighboring radiating element is selected from work in same subarray
0.7～1.3 times of wavelength of frequency range center frequency point.
10. three beam antenna according to claim 9, it is characterised in that two neighboring subarray mutual dislocation is arranged, it is wrong
Column pitch is in same subarray 0.5 times of spacing between two neighboring radiating element.
11. a kind of input output methods of Wave-packet shaping network, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first via signal of telecommunication to being input into is coupled and phase modulation is processed, and exports four tunnels forward direction output signal；
The second road signal of telecommunication to being input into is coupled and phase modulation is processed, and exports the reverse output signal in four tunnels；
The two-way that is divided into of the 3rd road signal of telecommunication of input is exported into the equal shunting signal of telecommunication, and the described shunting signal of telecommunication is entered
Row coupling, exports four tunnel phase places into the signal of the arithmetic progression that tolerance is zero；
The four tunnels forward direction output signal is corresponded with the reverse output signal in four tunnel, and mutually between corresponding signal
With equal phase contrast.
The input output method of 12. beam-forming networks according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the coupling and tune
Phase processor includes that coupling processing and phase shift are processed, and the coupling electrical signals of input are gone out four road signals, the shifting by the coupling processing
Phase processor is at least signal carries out phase shift and exports all the way.
The input output method of 13. beam-forming networks according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the coupling processing
Including the first coupling processing and the second coupling processing, the signal of telecommunication constant power of input is distributively coupled by first coupling processing
Go out two-way coupled signal, the second coupling processing carries out coupling processing respectively to two-way coupled signal, and exports four road signals.
14. a kind of input structures of Wave-packet shaping network, it is characterised in that include：
At least two couple inputs and the work(such as at least one point input；
Described two couple inputs include being configurable for the first input for the Wave-packet shaping network input two paths of signals
Port and the second input port, so as to two paths of signals is formed under the constant power distribution coupling of the Wave-packet shaping network respectively have
Dephased first, second wave beam；
It is described to wait work(point input, it is configurable for being input into the 3rd road signal for the Wave-packet shaping network, so that the 3rd tunnel
Signal forms equiphase 3rd wave beam under the constant power distribution coupling of the Wave-packet shaping network.
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