CN106586796A - System and method for monitoring state of escalator - Google Patents
System and method for monitoring state of escalator Download PDFInfo
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- CN106586796A CN106586796A CN201611004666.XA CN201611004666A CN106586796A CN 106586796 A CN106586796 A CN 106586796A CN 201611004666 A CN201611004666 A CN 201611004666A CN 106586796 A CN106586796 A CN 106586796A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B29/00—Safety devices of escalators or moving walkways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B25/00—Control of escalators or moving walkways
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B27/00—Indicating operating conditions of escalators or moving walkways
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring state of an escalator. The system comprises a signal sensing sub system, a data acquisition sub system and a monitoring and diagnosing main system, wherein the signal sensing sub system is used for obtaining state information, in an operation process, of the escalator; the data acquisition sub system is used for acquiring and obtaining corresponding original state information after pre-processing the obtained state information, and storing the original state information; and the monitoring and diagnosing main system is used for carrying out online monitoring, early-warning and alarm processing after carrying out analysis and feature extraction on the original state information to obtain a real-time state feature vector, and carrying out self-learning type intelligent diagnosing and fault predicating on the state feature vector by combining with historical fault data and/or expert knowledge base. The system can be used for realizing comprehensive online monitoring of the escalator, can be used for accurately carrying out intelligent diagnosing and fault predicating, and can be widely applied to the monitoring industry of the escalators, moving sidewalks and elevators.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring field of escalator, more particularly to a kind of escalator condition monitoring system and side
Method, can be used to monitor casing, lifting or the parallel transport people either run along rigid guideway along the step of line operation
Member or the electromechanical equipment of goods.
Background technology
Escalator (Escalator), also known as escalator, or pedestrian's elevator, handrail elevator, Escalator automatically, are one
Plant and carry the shuttling movement ladder road a large amount of, electromechanical equipment of the fixation of continuous conveying passenger up or down.It is usually used in subway, machine
The places such as field, station, office building, store, harbour.As shown in figure 1, escalator is by drive system, terraced road system, handrail system
The composition such as system, metal structure and electric control system, wherein, drive system includes motor, reductor, drive chain and main driving
Axle etc., terraced road system includes step, floor and fishback, comb, step chains and step chain tension device etc., and handrail system includes
Interior plate, skirtboard, cover plate, handrail and hand strap driving device etc., metal structure refers to the metal parts of escalator, including leading
Rail and truss etc., electric control system includes power supply, controller, driver and detecting signal unit etc..Because of escalator
Working environment mainly in the crowded public place such as market, station, long operational time, load are big, and peak time is very
To the normal overload operations of Jing, after prolonged operation, various failures are occurred unavoidably.The appearance of failure not only shadow
The normal operation of escalator is rung, it is also possible to cause security incident, or even cause heavy economic losses or casualties.Closely
In the past few years, be not found in time due to breaking down during escalator operation and cause the report of security incident to be seen repeatly not
It is fresh.As can be seen here, the safety inspection and maintenance of escalator operation is very necessary.
At present, two kinds of sides of maintenance and inspection after maintenance and failure are mainly made regular check on to the safety detection method of escalator
Formula.Maintenance and inspection after failure refer to and are checked again after escalator breaks down, keeped in repair, this simply to failure one
Relief measure, escalator can not provide service in maintenance process, can bring using inconvenience, economic loss etc., and because will
Prepare maintenance and repair parts in advance, larger financial burden can be brought.And though regular Inspection and maintenance can to a certain extent be reduced and helped automatically
The appearance of terraced failure, but its not only working service high cost, and many failures are caused due to the improper of periodic maintenance
's.Additionally, these safety inspection means are largely by the precision and the experience level of reviewer of detecting instrument, it is difficult to
Real-time monitoring is accomplished to the operation conditions of escalator, it is impossible to failure is carried out according to the operation conditions of escalator timely pre-
Alert or alarm.Although existing also occur in that in the art some methods for carrying out status monitoring to escalator, such as by arranging
Hall speed sensor, laser range sensor etc. gathering on escalator the operation conditions of passenger and be diagnosed automatically,
The running status of escalator is detected by arranging transformer, is gathered on escalator by arranging image capture module
Carry out image recognition after image judging whether the various modes such as abnormal, existing these are monitored escalator
Mode is only for the monitoring of escalator or the detection of some functions and control, not with versatility, or only for automatic
Some parameter indexs of staircase operation, on-line monitoring state is not comprehensive, or only monitoring function, no early warning and diagnostic function
Deng, it is impossible to realize the comprehensive on-line checking to escalator, fault alarm, fault pre-alarming and remote fault diagnosis etc..
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of escalator condition monitoring system, this
The another object of invention is to provide a kind of escalator state monitoring method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of escalator condition monitoring system, including sensing subsystem, data acquisition subsystem and monitoring examine
Disconnected main system, the sensing subsystem is used to obtain status information of the escalator in running, and the data are adopted
Subsystem is used for collection after the status information to obtaining is pre-processed and obtains corresponding preprocessed original state information and store,
The monitoring, diagnosing main system is used to parsing preprocessed original state information, feature extraction process obtain real-time state feature to
Monitored on-line after amount, early warning and alarming processing, and with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library to state feature to
Amount carries out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
Further, the monitoring, diagnosing main system includes field monitoring alarm subsystem, communication subsystem and long-range monitoring
Diagnostic subsystem, the field monitoring alarm subsystem to preprocessed original state information for being parsed, feature extraction is processed and obtained
Monitored on-line after state characteristic vector in real time, early warning and alarming processing, and by real-time state characteristic vector by logical
Letter subsystem is sent to remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem, and the remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem is used to combine historical failure data
And/or expert knowledge library carries out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication to state characteristic vector.
Further, the sensing subsystem is included with least one of lower sensor：
Vibrating sensor, for obtaining at least one of rotary part, support member and the guiding parts of escalator
The vibrational state of part；
Temperature sensor, for gathering working environment, rotary part, support member, the electric control system of escalator
With the temperature of at least one of lubricant；
Infrared imaging sensor, at least one part in the drive system and electric control system that obtain escalator
Two-dimension temperature state；
Sound transducer, for obtaining electric control system, drive system, terraced road system and the handrail system of escalator
At least one of part sound equipment state；
Staircase controller communication interface, for obtaining the working condition of the electric control system of escalator, the work
State includes less than at least one running state information：The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety are returned
At least one of road, inspection switch, cover plate switch, brake and failure code running status；
Speed probe, at least one rotation in the drive system, terraced road system and the handrail system that obtain escalator
The rotating speed of rotating shaft；
Electrical quantity sensor, for obtaining instantaneous voltage, transient current and the instantaneous work(of the electric control system of escalator
Rate.
Further, the remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem includes：
First state display module, for showing the real-time status characteristic vector of escalator；
First alarm module, enters for the real-time status characteristic vector according to escalator to the operation conditions of escalator
Row early warning and alarm；
Analyzing and diagnosing module, for being parsed to the preprocessed original state information of escalator, feature extraction processes and obtains real
When state characteristic vector, and self-learning type is carried out to state characteristic vector with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library
Intelligent diagnostics and failure predication；
Data management module, for carrying out reality to the preprocessed original state information of escalator and/or real-time status characteristic vector
When storage, inquiry, delete or back up.
Further, the remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem also includes dynamic analog module, and the dynamic analog module is used for
According to acquired preprocessed original state information, the running status of real-time Simulation escalator, by image, sound, color, animation
And/or the mode of text message is presented vibrational state, state of temperature, sound equipment state and the and/running status of escalator.
Further, the field monitoring alarm subsystem includes main control module, the second state display module and the second alarm
Module, the main control module to the preprocessed original state information of escalator for being parsed, feature extraction is processed and obtains real-time
State characteristic vector simultaneously carries out real-time monitoring, and second state display module is used to show the real-time status feature of escalator
Vector, second alarm module is used to enter the operation conditions of escalator according to the real-time status characteristic vector of escalator
Row early warning and alarm.
Further, the status information includes at least one in following state：
The vibrational state of the rotary part, support member and guiding parts of escalator；
The state of temperature of the working environment of escalator, rotary part, support member, electric control system and lubricant；
The drive system of escalator and the two-dimension temperature state of electric control system；
The sound equipment state of the electric control system of escalator, drive system, terraced road system and handrail system；
The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety return circuit, inspection switch, cover plate switch, braking
At least one of device and failure code running status；
The rotating speed of at least one rotary shaft in the drive system of escalator, terraced road system and handrail system；
The instantaneous voltage of the electric control system of escalator, transient current and instantaneous power.
The present invention solves another technical scheme for being adopted of its technical problem：
A kind of escalator state monitoring method, including step：
The status information of S1, acquisition escalator in running；
Collection after S2, the status information to obtaining are pre-processed obtains corresponding preprocessed original state information；
S3, the preprocessed original state information to escalator are parsed, feature extraction process obtain real-time state feature to
Monitored on-line after amount, early warning and alarming processing, and with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library to state feature to
Amount carries out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
Further, the preprocessed original state information of escalator is parsed described in step S3, feature extraction is processed
The step of obtaining real-time state characteristic vector, it is specially：The preprocessed original state information of escalator is pre-processed successively,
After Fourier transformation, feature extraction and Fuzzy processing, extract and obtain real-time state characteristic vector.
Further, the combination historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library carry out self-learning type to state characteristic vector
The step of intelligent diagnostics and failure predication, specifically include：
S31, state characteristic vector is examined by being trained obtained neutral net using historical failure data
Disconnected reasoning, obtains the multigroup failure diagnosis information corresponding with state characteristic vector；
S32, multigroup failure diagnosis information is carried out after synthesis using fuzzy theory operator, obtain preliminary diagnostic result；
S33, according to threshold value screen principle and maximum membership degree screening principle screened after obtain diagnostic result；
S34, in response to the confirmation of user input, judge whether diagnostic result is consistent with physical fault, it is if so, then defeated
Go out after diagnostic result and terminate, conversely, continuing executing with step S35；
S35, the diagnostic result is stored in the special case searching being associated with the neutral net after training；
S36, judge whether the sum of special example in special case searching reaches predetermined threshold value, if so, then re-start god
Jing network trainings, and reset special case searching.
Further, the historical failure data include failure diagnosis information and corresponding preprocessed original state information and/or
Line monitoring state, adopt described in the step S31 historical failure data be trained obtained neutral net be by with
Under type training is obtained：
S311, preprocessed original state information and/or on-line monitoring state are pre-processed successively, Fourier transformation, feature are carried
Take with after Fuzzy processing, extract and obtain real-time state characteristic vector；
S312, the state characteristic vector for obtaining will be extracted as the input data of neutral net, and corresponding failure be examined
After disconnected information is as the output data of neutral net, neutral net is trained.
Further, the real-time state characteristic vector includes vibration, sound, temperature and electricity feature, specifically includes：Drive
The rotational frequency of dynamic motor, the peak value of vibration acceleration, vibration velocity and vibration displacement, peak-to-peak value, root-mean-square value, maximum are square
Root, envelope and rumble spectrum；The temperature rise of temperature signal, minimum temperature, maximum temperature and rate of change, the peak of acoustic signals
Value, average, root-mean-square value, crest factor, the kurtosis factor, envelope and frequency spectrum；The instantaneous value of voltage, electric current and power, phase place,
Average, root-mean-square value, maximum, peak-to-peak value, fundamental wave harmonic, and three-phase current unbalance, voltage waveform radio-frequency component and
Current waveform radio-frequency component；The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety return circuit, inspection switch, cover plate
The running status of at least one of switch, brake and failure code.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：A kind of escalator condition monitoring system of the present invention, including sensing subsystem
System, data acquisition subsystem and monitoring, diagnosing main system, the sensing subsystem is used to obtain escalator in operation
During status information, the data acquisition subsystem be used for obtain status information pre-process after collection obtain it is right
The preprocessed original state information answered simultaneously is stored, and the monitoring, diagnosing main system is used to parsing preprocessed original state information, feature
Extraction process obtain monitored on-line after real-time state characteristic vector, early warning and alarming processing, and with reference to historical failure number
According to and/or expert knowledge library self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication are carried out to state characteristic vector.The system can be realized
Comprehensive on-line monitoring to escalator, and can exactly carry out intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
Another beneficial effect of beneficial effects of the present invention is：A kind of escalator state monitoring method, including step：S1、
Obtain status information of the escalator in running；Collection after S2, the status information to obtaining are pre-processed obtains right
The preprocessed original state information answered；S3, the preprocessed original state information to escalator are parsed, feature extraction is processed and obtains real-time shape
Monitored on-line after state characteristic vector, early warning and alarming processing, and with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library to shape
State characteristic vector carries out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.This method can realize the comprehensive online prison to escalator
Survey, and can exactly carry out intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
Description of the drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of typical escalator；
Fig. 2 is a kind of electronic block diagrams of escalator condition monitoring system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the electronic block diagrams of the electric control system of typical escalator；
Fig. 4 is the topology diagram of the BP neural network adopted in a kind of escalator state monitoring method of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the detail flowchart that fault diagnosis is carried out in embodiments of the invention two；
Reference in Fig. 1：1st, truss, 2, step, 3, comb, 4, floor and fishback, 5, skirtboard, 6, drive chain, 7,
Reductor, 8, motor, 9, step chains, 10, main drive shaft, 11, step chain tension device, 12, guide rail, 13, handrail drives
Device, 14, handrail, 15, interior plate, 16, console panel, 17, cover plate.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention one
Reference Fig. 2, the invention provides a kind of escalator condition monitoring system, including sensing subsystem, data
Acquisition subsystem and monitoring, diagnosing main system, the sensing subsystem is used to obtain escalator in running
Status information, the data acquisition subsystem is used for collection after the status information to obtaining is pre-processed and obtains corresponding original
Status information is simultaneously stored, and the monitoring, diagnosing main system to preprocessed original state information for being parsed, feature extraction is processed
Obtain monitored on-line after real-time state characteristic vector, early warning and alarming processing, and with reference to historical failure data and/or specially
Family's knowledge base carries out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication to state characteristic vector.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the data acquisition subsystem includes signal regulating device and data acquisition
Module, the signal regulating device is used for collection after the status information to obtaining is pre-processed and obtains corresponding reset condition letter
Breath, pre-processing includes filtering, amplifies and/or protocol analysis process, and the data acquisition module is used for acquisition after pretreatment
Preprocessed original state information is acquired, stores and/or forwards.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the monitoring, diagnosing main system includes field monitoring alarm subsystem, leads to
Letter subsystem and remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem, the field monitoring alarm subsystem is used to solve preprocessed original state information
Analysis, feature extraction process obtain monitored on-line after real-time state characteristic vector, early warning and alarming processing, and will be real-time
State characteristic vector is sent to remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem by communication subsystem, and the remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem is used for
Self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication are carried out to state characteristic vector with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library.
Remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem is arranged on the server.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the communication subsystem passes through on-scene communication bus, cordless communication network
Communicated with least one communication mode in internet.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, the sensing subsystem include with lower sensor at least one
It is individual：
Vibrating sensor, for obtaining at least one of rotary part, support member and the guiding parts of escalator
The vibrational state of part；Vibrational state is included in drive system ladder road system, handrail system and the metal structure of escalator
The vibration acceleration of at least one part, including at least one of the following：The support base of rotary part is axially and radially put down
In face in two mutually perpendicular directions at least one direction vibration acceleration；In the three-dimensional of support member and guiding parts
The vibration acceleration at least one direction.The rotary part of escalator refers to rotor, shaft coupling, braked wheel, the driving of motor
The portion that wheel, flywheel, gear, belt pulley, directive wheel, tensioning wheel, sprocket wheel, chain, rotary shaft and spindle nose etc. can rotate in operation
Part.Support member refers generally to the main passive part such as bearing, bearing block.Guiding parts refers mainly to guide rail and gathering sill
Deng.
Temperature sensor, for gathering temperature and/or rotary part, support member, the electricity of the working environment of escalator
The temperature of 1 point of at least one of gas control system and lubricant part；
Infrared imaging sensor, at least one part in the drive system and electric control system that obtain escalator
Two-dimension temperature state；
Sound transducer, for obtaining electric control system, drive system, terraced road system and the handrail system of escalator
At least one of part sound equipment state, i.e., in electric control system, drive system, terraced road system and handrail system at least
The sound equipment state that one part is operationally produced；
Staircase controller communication interface, for obtaining the working condition of the electric control system of escalator, the work
State includes less than at least one running state information：The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety are returned
At least one of road, inspection switch, cover plate switch, brake and failure code running status；Staircase controller communication interface is
The working condition of the electric control system of escalator is obtained by live universal serial bus, the controller of electric control system leads to
Cross universal serial bus and various working conditions are sent to into staircase controller communication interface, staircase controller communication interface is forwarded to again prison
Survey diagnosis main system.As shown in figure 3, electric control system generally comprises power supply, controller, driver, brake, signal
Detector unit, the output end of controller is connected by driver with brake, while electronic with escalator by driver
Machine connects, and the output end of detecting signal unit is connected with the input of controller, and power supply is used to be signal detection list simultaneously
Unit, controller and driver are powered.Detailed, detecting signal unit includes photosignal detection module, motion state detection mould
Block and safety signal detection module etc., the output end of these modules is connected with the input of controller.
Speed probe, at least one rotation in the drive system, terraced road system and the handrail system that obtain escalator
The rotating speed of rotating shaft；
Electrical quantity sensor, for obtaining instantaneous voltage, transient current and the instantaneous work(of the electric control system of escalator
Rate.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem includes：
First state display module, for showing the real-time status characteristic vector of escalator, can pass through digital information
And/or graphical information is showing；
First alarm module, enters for the real-time status characteristic vector according to escalator to the operation conditions of escalator
Row early warning and alarm；Alarm mode includes the modes such as sound alarm, color alarm, text output alarm；
Analyzing and diagnosing module, for being parsed to the preprocessed original state information of escalator, feature extraction processes and obtains real
When state characteristic vector, and self-learning type is carried out to state characteristic vector with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library
Intelligent diagnostics and failure predication；
Data management module, for carrying out reality to the preprocessed original state information of escalator and/or real-time status characteristic vector
When storage, inquiry, delete or back up.
Remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem is used to enter state characteristic vector with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library
Row self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem also includes dynamic analog module, institute
Dynamic analog module is stated for according to acquired preprocessed original state information, the running status of real-time Simulation escalator, by figure
The mode of picture, sound, color, animation and/or text message is presented vibrational state, state of temperature, the sound equipment state of escalator
With with/running status.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the field monitoring alarm subsystem includes main control module, the second state
Display module and the second alarm module, the main control module to the preprocessed original state information of escalator for being parsed, feature
Extraction process obtains real-time state characteristic vector and carries out real-time monitoring, and second state display module is used to show automatically
The real-time status characteristic vector of staircase, second alarm module be used for according to the real-time status characteristic vector of escalator to from
The operation conditions of dynamic staircase carries out early warning and alarm.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the status information includes at least one in following state：
The vibrational state of the rotary part, support member and guiding parts of escalator；
The state of temperature of the working environment of escalator, rotary part, support member, electric control system and lubricant；
The drive system of escalator and the two-dimension temperature state of electric control system；
The sound equipment state of the electric control system of escalator, drive system, terraced road system and handrail system；
The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety return circuit, inspection switch, cover plate switch, braking
At least one of device and failure code running status；Here, the operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety
Loop, inspection switch, cover plate switch, brake refer both to corresponding state, and mode of operation state includes that operation neutralization stops two kinds
State, traffic direction state includes uplink and downlink two states, and speed of service state includes positive and abnormal two states, peace
Full loop includes disconnecting and closing two states, and inspection switch includes disconnecting and closing two states, and cover plate includes playing open and close
Two states are closed, brake includes opening and closing two states.
The rotating speed of at least one rotary shaft in the drive system of escalator, terraced road system and handrail system；
The instantaneous voltage of the electric control system of escalator, transient current and instantaneous power.By instantaneous voltage and wink
When the monitoring such as electric current, electric fault and mechanical breakdown can be recognized.
The status information of this monitoring system monitoring more fully and completely, can be with many-sided, multi-angle to escalator
Carry out Failure detection and identification.
The embodiment of the present invention two
A kind of escalator state monitoring method, including step：
The status information of S1, acquisition escalator in running；
Collection after S2, the status information to obtaining are pre-processed obtains corresponding preprocessed original state information；
S3, the preprocessed original state information to escalator are parsed, feature extraction process obtain real-time state feature to
Monitored on-line after amount, early warning and alarming processing, and with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library to state feature to
Amount carries out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the preprocessed original state information of escalator is carried out described in step S3
Parsing, feature extraction process the step of obtaining real-time state characteristic vector, and it is specially：The reset condition of escalator is believed
Breath is pre-processed successively, Fourier transformation, after feature extraction and Fuzzy processing, extract obtain real-time state feature to
Amount.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the combination historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library are special to state
The step of levying vector and carry out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication, specifically include：
S31, state characteristic vector is examined by being trained obtained neutral net using historical failure data
Disconnected reasoning, obtains the multigroup failure diagnosis information corresponding with state characteristic vector；
S32, multigroup failure diagnosis information is carried out after synthesis using fuzzy theory operator, obtain preliminary diagnostic result；
S33, according to threshold value screen principle and maximum membership degree screening principle screened after obtain diagnostic result；Threshold value is sieved
Select principle to refer to be screened according to predetermined probabilities threshold value, if the possibility of certain diagnostic result is more than predetermined probabilities threshold value,
Think that the failure is present, otherwise it is assumed that not existing.Predetermined probabilities threshold value λ ∈ [0,1], such as λ=0.7 are for example set, when producing certain
When the possibility for planting failure is more than λ, then it is assumed that this failure there may be, otherwise it is assumed that this failure can not possibly be present.Maximum is subordinate to
Degree screening principle refers to that the size of the possibility produced according to failure carries out descending sort, takes possibility the greater as diagnosis knot
By.
S34, in response to the confirmation of user input, judge whether diagnostic result is consistent with physical fault, it is if so, then defeated
Go out after diagnostic result and terminate, conversely, continuing executing with step S35；
S35, the diagnostic result is stored in the special case searching being associated with the neutral net after training；
S36, judge whether the sum of special example in special case searching reaches predetermined threshold value C, if so, then re-start god
Jing network trainings, and reset special case searching.It is further used as preferred embodiment, the historical failure data includes failure
Diagnostic message and corresponding preprocessed original state information and/or on-line monitoring state, adopt historical failure described in step S31
It is that in the following manner training is obtained that data are trained obtained neutral net：
S311, preprocessed original state information and/or on-line monitoring state are pre-processed successively, Fourier transformation, feature are carried
Take with after Fuzzy processing, extract and obtain real-time state characteristic vector；
S312, the state characteristic vector for obtaining will be extracted as the input data of neutral net, and corresponding failure be examined
After disconnected information is as the output data of neutral net, neutral net is trained.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, neutral net adopts BP neural network, and its topological structure is as shown in figure 4, including input
Layer, hidden layer and output layer.Wherein, x1, x2···xnIt is the node of input layer, corresponding states characteristic vector, y1、y2、ymIt is
The node of output layer, correspondence failure diagnosis information, Wij represents the company of i-th node of input layer to j-th node of hidden layer
Weights are connect, Wjk represents the connection weight of j-th node of hidden layer to k-th node of output layer.
In step S311, the process for carrying out Fuzzy processing to vibration data is as follows：Using rise half trapezoidal profile function come
It is normalized again after obfuscation.The formula that obfuscation is specifically adopted is as follows：
In above formula, _ (Si) represents the characteristic vector obtained after Fuzzy processing, and Soi represents i-th of state characteristic vector
Standard amplitude during the normal operation of element respective frequencies section, SMi is threshold value corresponding with Soi, and Si is in vibration signals measured
The amplitude of i-th frequency band.
The formula mode that normalized is adopted is as follows；
Xi represents the real-time fault feature vector obtained after Fuzzy processing.After being processed with upper type, can
While failure degradation is considered, to project the energy of major frequency components.
It is also to adopt in a similar manner that Fuzzy processing is carried out to temperature data, voice data etc., differs only in formula
The explanation of symbol is different.The application is repeated no more.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, real-time state characteristic vector includes that vibration, sound, temperature and electricity are special
Levy, specifically include：The rotational frequency of motor, the peak value of vibration acceleration, vibration velocity and vibration displacement, peak-to-peak value,
Root value, maximum square value, envelope and rumble spectrum；The temperature rise of temperature signal, minimum temperature, maximum temperature and change
Rate, the peak value of acoustic signals, average, root-mean-square value, crest factor, the kurtosis factor, envelope and frequency spectrum；Voltage, electric current and work(
The instantaneous value of rate, phase place, average, root-mean-square value, maximum, peak-to-peak value, fundamental wave harmonic, and three-phase current unbalance, electricity
Corrugating radio-frequency component and current waveform radio-frequency component；The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety are returned
The running status of at least one of road, inspection switch, cover plate switch, brake and failure code.
By taking vibration data as an example, the spectrogram of vibration signal reflects the vibration overall picture produced when plant equipment is run, respectively
The frequency domain character of kind of failure is more clearly, concentrate, regular governed.The different vibration of different frequency component correspondences is former
Cause, by analyzing the amplitude size of various frequencies and causing the major frequency components of vibration, substantially may determine that vibration is former
Cause or failure.The amplitude of the fraction frequency multiplication of some frequencys multiplication and power frequency generally on spectrogram, has concentrated most of energy of vibration,
Embody various vibrational states.Thus the amplitude that can be selected under these frequencies is used as fault signature.Such as choose some to have
Representational harmonic component (10Hz～0.39X, 0.4X～0.49X, 0.51X～0.99X, 0.5X, 1X, 2X, 3X～5X,>5X,
Strange frequency multiplication) as fault diagnosis characteristic vector.
On the basis of state characteristic vector based on aforesaid vibration, sound, temperature and electricity feature, the present embodiment is carried out
One detailed example of fault diagnosis is as shown in figure 5, its concrete diagnostic process process is as follows：
First, by the vibration of the various sensors of sensing subsystem detection correspondence unit under test, sound, temperature and
Electric quantity signal.Signal Jing excitations, amplification and the analog/digital conversion signal condition for being detected, then, performs filtering process step, carries
Take the filtering signal of the predetermined frequency band corresponding with the natural frequency of unit under test.Hereafter, to the numeral letter after filtering process
Number characteristic extraction step is performed, vibrated, the characteristic quantity of sound, temperature and electricity.The judgement provided by expert knowledge library is accurate
Then and boundary value, fault reference value is obtained through calculating, including the numerical value of characteristic quantity, envelope and spectral range；Fault reference value
The virtual value or peak value of the data signal of measurement frequency spectrum data when can be any, or can be counted based on these values
Calculate.Following diagnosis is performed according to fault reference value：(1) judge the characteristic quantity for extracting whether more than fault reference value.If：Refer to
Be out of order position and warning output.Otherwise：It is without exception.(2) whether judging characteristic amount exceeds fault reference envelope, if：Look into
Look for beyond the general maximum point of envelope, it is otherwise, without exception.Searching after the general maximum point of envelope, judging to exceed envelope
Whether the historical trend of general maximum point simultaneously calculates occurrence frequency more than setting value, if：Fault pre-alarming, otherwise：It is as good as
Often.After fault pre-alarming, it is confirmed whether to break down according to user input, if：Carry out failure logging and write expert knowing
Know storehouse；Otherwise, it is without exception.
By taking vibrations of rotating components Characteristic Extraction as an example, the FFT based on rotational speed signal is calculated and obtained due to rotating part
The exception of part and the characteristic quantity that generates, it may include：Bearing fault characteristics component F x (inner ring fault characteristic frequency fi, outer shroud failure
Characteristic frequency fo, rolling element fault characteristic frequency fbWith retainer fault characteristic frequency fc) and gear meshing fault feature point
Fault signature component F r (rotor unbalance, misalign, couple loosening) of amount fg, the rotating member such as wheel.
Inner ring fault characteristic frequency fi=Zfo(1+dcosβ/D)/2；
Outer shroud fault characteristic frequency fo=Zfo(1-dcosβ/D)/2；
Rolling element fault characteristic frequency fb=foD/d[1-(dcosβ/D)2]/2；
Retainer fault characteristic frequency fc=fo(1-dcosβ/D)/2；
Wherein, fo(outward) rotary speed is enclosed in expression, d represents rolling element diameter, and D represents rolling member pitch diameter, β tables
Show contact angle [rad], Z represents the number of rolling element.
Meshing fault characteristic frequency fg=Z of gear1N1/ 60 or fg=Z2N2/ 60, wherein, N1Represent the rotation of gear wheel
Number (unit for rev/min), N2Represent the rotation number (unit for rev/min) of little gear, Z1Represent the number of teeth of gear wheel, Z2Table
Show the number of teeth of little gear.
By taking the monitoring of escalator operation state characteristic quantity as an example, by obtain the operational mode of escalator, traffic direction,
The running status of the speed of service, safety return circuit, inspection switch, cover plate switch, brake and failure code, tracking, record are automatic
Staircase operational mode (including it is standby, maintenance and it is automatic), traffic direction, the speed of service, safety return circuit, inspection switch, cover plate
Switch, brake and failure code.Judge：(1) whether the speed of service is in allowed band, once exceed allowed band, alarm
Output；(2) whether safety return circuit disconnects, if it is, the safety component for judging to break down according to failure code, alarm output；
(3) whether the step speed of service is consistent with traffic direction and motor steering correspondence, otherwise, then is judged as taking a turn for the worse and reporting
Alert output；(4) according to record the speed of service and brake actuation time, load be T under conditions of, record escalator from
Travel at the uniform speed the moment T0 for starting to brake, and to the time Ts of escalator stop, with reference to rate curve V (t) of braking procedure, adopts
With even retarding method is segmented, the range ability of T0 → Ts, i.e. braking distance are calculated, judge braking distance whether in allowed band
It is interior, otherwise, alarm output.
Additionally, according to the trouble-shooter and method for diagnosing faults of the present embodiment, signal processing is by miniature calculating
Mechanism into, therefore make signal processing unitize, and can realize that the small-sized formation of trouble-shooter or module are formed.
It is more than that the preferable enforcement to the present invention is illustrated, but the invention is not limited to the enforcement
Example, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make a variety of equivalent variations on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention or replace
Change, the modification of these equivalents or replacement are all contained in the application claim limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of escalator condition monitoring system, it is characterised in that including sensing subsystem, data acquisition subsystem with
And monitoring, diagnosing main system, the sensing subsystem be used for obtain status information of the escalator in running, institute
State data acquisition subsystem and obtain corresponding preprocessed original state information simultaneously for collection after pre-processing to the status information for obtaining
Stored, the monitoring, diagnosing main system to preprocessed original state information for being parsed, feature extraction is processed and obtains real-time
Monitored on-line after state characteristic vector, early warning and alarming processing, and with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library pair
State characteristic vector carries out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
2. a kind of escalator condition monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitoring, diagnosing principal series
System includes field monitoring alarm subsystem, communication subsystem and remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem, and the field monitoring alerts subsystem
Unite for being parsed to preprocessed original state information, feature extraction is processed to obtain and supervised online after real-time state characteristic vector
Survey, early warning and alarming processing, and real-time state characteristic vector is sent to into remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem by communication subsystem
System, the remote monitoring and diagnosis subsystem is used to enter state characteristic vector with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library
Row self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
3. a kind of escalator condition monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sensing subsystem
System is included with least one of lower sensor：
Vibrating sensor, for obtaining at least one of rotary part, the support member and guiding parts part of escalator
Vibrational state；
Temperature sensor, for gathering working environment, rotary part, support member, electric control system and the profit of escalator
The temperature of at least one of lubrication prescription；
Infrared imaging sensor, for two of at least one part in the drive system and electric control system that obtain escalator
Dimension state of temperature；
Sound transducer, in the electric control system, drive system, terraced road system and the handrail system that obtain escalator
The sound equipment state of at least one part；
Staircase controller communication interface, for obtaining the working condition of the electric control system of escalator, the working condition
Including less than at least one running state information：The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety return circuit, inspection
Repair at least one of switch, cover plate switch, brake and failure code running status；
Speed probe, at least one rotary shaft in the drive system, terraced road system and the handrail system that obtain escalator
Rotating speed；
Electrical quantity sensor, for obtaining instantaneous voltage, transient current and the instantaneous power of the electric control system of escalator.
4. a kind of escalator condition monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the remote monitoring and diagnosis
Subsystem includes：
First state display module, for showing the real-time status characteristic vector of escalator；
First alarm module, it is pre- for being carried out to the operation conditions of escalator according to the real-time status characteristic vector of escalator
Alert and alarm；
Analyzing and diagnosing module, for being parsed to the preprocessed original state information of escalator, feature extraction processes and obtains real-time
State characteristic vector, and self-learning type intelligence is carried out to state characteristic vector with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library
Diagnosis and failure predication；
Data management module, for being deposited in real time to the preprocessed original state information of escalator and/or real-time status characteristic vector
Storage, inquiry, deletion are backed up.
5. a kind of escalator condition monitoring system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the remote monitoring and diagnosis
Subsystem also includes dynamic analog module, and the dynamic analog module is used for according to acquired preprocessed original state information, real-time mould
Intend the running status of escalator, escalator is presented by way of image, sound, color, animation and/or text message
Vibrational state, state of temperature, sound equipment state and and/running status.
6. a kind of escalator condition monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the field monitoring alarm
Subsystem includes main control module, the second state display module and the second alarm module, and the main control module is used for escalator
Preprocessed original state information parsed, feature extraction processes and obtains real-time state characteristic vector and carry out real-time monitoring, described
Second state display module is used to show the real-time status characteristic vector of escalator that second alarm module to be used for according to certainly
The real-time status characteristic vector of dynamic staircase carries out early warning and alarm to the operation conditions of escalator.
7. a kind of escalator condition monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the status information includes
At least one in following state：
The vibrational state of the rotary part, support member and guiding parts of escalator；
The state of temperature of the working environment of escalator, rotary part, support member, electric control system and lubricant；
The drive system of escalator and the two-dimension temperature state of electric control system；
The sound equipment state of the electric control system of escalator, drive system, terraced road system and handrail system；
The operational mode of escalator, traffic direction, the speed of service, safety return circuit, inspection switch, cover plate switch, brake and
At least one of failure code running status；
The rotating speed of at least one rotary shaft in the drive system of escalator, terraced road system and handrail system；
The instantaneous voltage of the electric control system of escalator, transient current and instantaneous power.
8. a kind of escalator state monitoring method, it is characterised in that including step：
The status information of S1, acquisition escalator in running；
Collection after S2, the status information to obtaining are pre-processed obtains corresponding preprocessed original state information；
S3, the preprocessed original state information to escalator are parsed, feature extraction is processed and obtained after real-time state characteristic vector
Monitored on-line, early warning and alarming processing, and state characteristic vector is entered with reference to historical failure data and/or expert knowledge library
Row self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication.
9. a kind of escalator state monitoring method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described in step S3
The preprocessed original state information of escalator is parsed, feature extraction processes the step of obtaining real-time state characteristic vector, its
Specially：The preprocessed original state information of escalator is pre-processed successively, Fourier transformation, feature extraction and Fuzzy processing
Afterwards, extract and obtain real-time state characteristic vector.
10. a kind of escalator state monitoring method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the combination history therefore
The step of barrier data and/or expert knowledge library carry out self-learning type intelligent diagnostics and failure predication to state characteristic vector, specifically
Including：
S31, pushed away by being trained obtained neutral net using historical failure data and carry out diagnosis to state characteristic vector
Reason, obtains the multigroup failure diagnosis information corresponding with state characteristic vector；
S32, multigroup failure diagnosis information is carried out after synthesis using fuzzy theory operator, obtain preliminary diagnostic result；
S33, according to threshold value screen principle and maximum membership degree screening principle screened after obtain diagnostic result；
S34, in response to the confirmation of user input, judge whether diagnostic result is consistent with physical fault, if so, then output examine
Terminate after disconnected result, conversely, continuing executing with step S35；
S35, the diagnostic result is stored in the special case searching being associated with the neutral net after training；
S36, judge whether the sum of special example in special case searching reaches predetermined threshold value, if so, then re-start nerve net
Network training, and reset special case searching.
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