CN106442458A - Device for detecting aflatoxin by aid of ultraviolet fluorescence spectra in online manner - Google Patents
Device for detecting aflatoxin by aid of ultraviolet fluorescence spectra in online manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN106442458A CN106442458A CN201611074632.8A CN201611074632A CN106442458A CN 106442458 A CN106442458 A CN 106442458A CN 201611074632 A CN201611074632 A CN 201611074632A CN 106442458 A CN106442458 A CN 106442458A
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- phase grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N21/643—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N2021/6417—Spectrofluorimetric devices
- G01N2021/6421—Measuring at two or more wavelengths
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detecting aflatoxin by the aid of ultraviolet fluorescence spectra in an online manner. By the aid of the device, shortcomings of existing ultraviolet fluorescence imaging can be overcome. The device comprises a material conveying system, an ultraviolet illuminating system and a detecting sensing portion. The detecting sensing portion comprises a polygonal rotary mirror, a first reflection type convergence system, a slit mask plate, a reflection type collimation system, a reflection type one-dimensional phase grating, a second reflection type convergence system and a photoelectric detection unit, a slit is arranged on the slit mask plate, and the width direction of the slit is perpendicular to the directions of lines of the reflection type one-dimensional phase grating. The device for detecting the aflatoxin by the aid of the ultraviolet fluorescence spectra in the online manner has the advantages that the aflatoxin AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 can be simultaneously detected by means of detecting the ultraviolet fluorescence spectra, and the problems of complicated structures and high cost of combinations of multiple groups of light filters and multiple groups of detectors for detecting aflatoxin as reported in public can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical detection is and in particular to a kind of aflatoxin of utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum exists
Line detector.
Background technology
Aflatoxin (Aflatoxin, abbreviation AF) is to produce a kind of funguses toxic metabolite by Aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus
Product, is also the toxicity finding a so far class mycotoxin the strongest.Aflatoxin mainly have AFB1, AFB2, AFG1,
This 5 class of AFG2, AFM1.Wherein, the toxicity of AFB1 is the strongest, and its toxicity is 10 times of potassium cyanide, is 68 times of arsenicum, is melamine
416 times of amine.And, AFB1 carciongenic potency is 75 times of dimethyl nitramine, IARC in 1993
(International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC) has just been classified as I class carcinogen, and other 4
Class is listed in II class carcinogen.Not only toxicity is big for aflatoxin, content is low, and pollution range is wide, grain, oil, tea, dry fruit,
All find there is aflatoxin contamination in more than the 100 kind of agricultural product such as breast, feedstuff, soy sauce and food.Therefore, carry out aflatoxin
Detection technique research is particularly significant.
Detection technique with regard to aflatoxin mainly includes damage detection and Non-Destructive Testing two class at present.Damage detection skill
Art is predominantly based on materialization principle (such as：High performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrography/mass spectrography etc.), it has to sample
Destructiveness, carries out purifying pretreatment etc., detection time is long, is not suitable for the industrial on-line checking of high-volume.And Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement
There is the nondestructive advantage to detection object, become the focus of people's research.The Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement of report is typically at present
Using the detection technique of Ultraluminescence intensity image, it mainly irradiates object to be measured using long wave ultraviolet and excites visible fluorescence, and ties
Close camera and obtain visible fluorescence intensity image.At present report mainly has the U.S. special using what this technology carried out aflatoxin detection
Sharp US4535248, US20120093985 and China's application publication CN105044062A and CN103234945A.Due to this
Technology direct access is visible fluorescence intensity image, and the fluorescence that usual burst of ultraviolel produces is very weak, leads to the resolution of intensity image
Rate is relatively low and noise is poor, and it can affect the accuracy detecting.In addition, in the technology of existing report, by multigroup optical filter
Or the mode of multigroup combinations of detectors obtains the detection of aflatoxin AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, apparatus structure complicated and
Relatively costly.
Content of the invention
A kind of aflatoxin on-line measuring device of utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum proposed by the present invention, overcomes existing ultraviolet
The deficiency of fluorescence imaging, using reflective structure layout, it is to avoid the problem that transmission-type structure absorbs to week fluorescent, improves luminous energy
Utilization rate.In addition, using reflective one-dimensional phase grating design, ± 3 grades and ± 3 times order diffraction light and permissible can be eliminated
The impact to spectral detection reducing by 0 grade and even-order light so that diffraction light wave is mainly concentrated in ± 1 order diffraction light, from
And improve the accuracy of spectral detection.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs technical scheme below：
A kind of aflatoxin on-line measuring device of utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum, shines including material-transporting system, ultraviolet
Bright system and detection transducing part, ultraviolet illumination systemses are arranged on the top of material-transporting system, described detection detecting means subpackage
Include Polyhedral rotating mirror, reflective convergence yoke one, slit masks template, reflective colimated light system, reflective one-dimensional phase grating, anti-
Penetrate formula convergence yoke two, photoelectric detection unit, described slit masks template is provided with slit, slit width direction and reflective
Dimension phase grating line orientations are vertical.
Further, described slit width size is more than λmax/ (2NA), wherein λmaxFor maximum in visible fluorescence wavelength,
NA is that the picture of reflective convergence yoke one puts numerical aperture size.
Further, non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part and reflected light are comprised in described reflective one-dimensional phase grating a cycle
Part, wherein, non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part comprises non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part a1 and non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part a2, reflected light portion
Subpackage contains direct reflecting part b1 and Phase delay reflecting part b2, and, a1 and a2's is equivalently-sized, the size phase of b1 and b2
With, and the ratio of ai and bj is 1/2, i=1 or 2, j=1 or 2.
Further, described reflective one-dimensional phase grating base material adopts SiO2, alternatively non-transparent part is Cr film, reflection
Part b1 is Al film, and Phase delay reflecting part b2 performs etching for reflective one-dimensional phase grating substrate, the table after etching
Face is coated with Al film, and etching depthFor visible fluorescence wavelength meansigma methodss.
Further, described ultraviolet illumination systemses include ultra violet illumination unit A and ultra violet illumination unit B, and both of which adopts
Ultraviolet LED one-dimensional array layout.
Further, it is provided with Fresnel Lenses for even before described ultra violet illumination unit A and ultra violet illumination unit B
Light.
Further, described reflective convergence yoke one surface is coated with and leaches ultraviolet light film layer.
Further, described photoelectric detection unit is combined with photomultiplier tube for rotating scan mirror or is time delay integration
CCD.
Further, described Polyhedral rotating mirror is hexahedro, octahedral or dodecahedro revolving mirror.
As shown from the above technical solution, aflatoxin material is irradiated, by ultraviolet illumination systemses, the visible fluorescence exciting and enters
In Polyhedral rotating mirror in detection transducing part, Polyhedral rotating mirror is mainly formed in the homogeneous area of ultraviolet illumination systemses illumination
One scanning field of view, and aflatoxin material in scanning field of view is excited the visible fluorescence of generation anti-under ultraviolet illumination systemses
It is mapped in reflective convergence yoke one；Reflective convergence yoke one main by the beam convergence from Polyhedral rotating mirror to slit window
Enter in reflective colimated light system after slit masks template in mouthful；Reflective colimated light system is mainly by the transmitted light from slit window
Shu Bianwei collimated light beam simultaneously incides reflective one-dimensional phase grating；Reflective one-dimensional phase grating adopts special construction to design,
Primarily serve the effect of dispersion beam splitter, incident visible fluorescence dispersion light splitting is become 1 grade of spectrum of corresponding different wave length；Reflective
The main spectrum producing reflective one-dimensional phase grating of convergence yoke two converges at photoelectric detection unit.
A kind of aflatoxin on-line measuring device using Ultraluminescence spectrum of the present invention has the advantages that：
Ultraluminescence spectral detection can be passed through, it is possible to achieve while aflatoxin AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2
Detection, overcomes the structure realizing aflatoxin detection in existing open report using multigroup optical filter and multigroup combinations of detectors
Complicated and relatively costly problem.
Secondly, the present invention adopts the reflective one-dimensional phase grating of special construction design, other levels time is reduced or eliminated and spreads out
Penetrate spectrum, thus light splitting mainly produces 1 grade of spectrum information of corresponding different wave length, it is to avoid the impact of other levels time spectrum informations, from
And improve the accuracy of detection.
Finally, on-line measuring device of the present invention adopts reflective structure layout, it is to avoid transmission-type structure is inhaled to week fluorescent
The problem received, improves week fluorescent detection efficient.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
The principle schematic of the survey transducing part that Fig. 2 examines for the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the reflective one-dimensional phase grating floor map of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the reflective one-dimensional phase grating generalized section of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the photoelectric detection unit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
A kind of aflatoxin on-line measuring device of utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum of the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, include
Material-transporting system 101, material to be measured 102, ultraviolet illumination systemses 201, detect transducing part 301, described ultraviolet illumination systemses
201 include ultra violet illumination unit A 201A and ultra violet illumination unit B 201B.Wherein, detect transducing part 301 principle schematic
As shown in Fig. 2 including Polyhedral rotating mirror 202, reflective convergence yoke 1, slit masks template 204, reflective colimated light system
205th, reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206, reflective convergence yoke 2 207, photoelectric detection unit 208.
Non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part and reflected beam portion is comprised, wherein in reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 a cycle
Non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part comprises non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part a1 and non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part a2, and reflected beam portion comprises directly
Reflecting part b1 (no Phase delay) and Phase delay reflecting part b2.Reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 structural representation is such as
Shown in Fig. 3, wherein black portions represent non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part b1 and b2, and white portion represents direct in reflected beam portion
Reflecting part b1, grey parts represent Phase delay reflecting part b2 in reflected beam portion.And, a1 and a1's is equivalently-sized,
B1 and b2's is equivalently-sized.Reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 adopts special construction to design, incident beam is diffracted primarily into ±
1 order diffraction light, reduces and eliminates the impact to spectrophotometric spectra for the diffraction spectrum of other level time.Reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 is main
Play the effect of dispersion beam splitter, incident visible fluorescence dispersion light splitting is become 1 grade of spectrum of corresponding different wave length.
As follows to Phase shift of reflectance grating theory analysis of the present invention：
If the width of reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 alternatively non-transparent part a1 and alternatively non-transparent part a2 is wa, reflected light
In partly, the width of direct reflecting part b1 and Phase delay reflecting part b2 is wb, Phase delay reflecting part b2 with respect to
Directly the bit phase delay of reflecting part b1 is
Theoretical according to Fourier transformation, the reflected light far-field intensity distribution of reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 can represent
For：
Wherein, n is reflection lighting level time.
Can be seen that from formula (1)：When reflecting part direct in the reflected beam portion of reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206
B1 and Phase delay reflecting part b2 phase contrastWhen, 0 grade of now reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 reflection and all
Even level time diffraction light all disappears；Work as wa=2wbWhen, ± 3 grades of reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 and ± 3 times order diffraction light
All disappear, incident light wave key reflections are become ± 1 grade of spectrum by reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206.
The base material of reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 adopts SiO2, non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part is Cr film, reflects position
In phase grating, direct reflecting part b1 is Al film, and Phase delay reflecting part b2 is reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 substrate
Etching obtains, and the surface after etching is coated with Al film.Phase delay reflecting part b2 etching depth is calculated as follows：
According to Fig. 4 it is assumed that in reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 Phase delay reflecting part b2 etching depth be h introduce
Position is mutuallyBecause the etched transmission medium of Phase delay reflected beam portion b2 is air, then according between optical path difference and position phase
Relation, with respect to direct reflected beam portion b1, the bit phase delay computing formula that Phase delay reflected beam portion b2 introduces is as follows
Shown：
Wherein, in order to reduce the impact of spectrum in reflection visible fluorescence, negate the mean wavelength penetrating visible fluorescenceCarry out
Calculate.
Understood according to above analysis, thus be calculated Phase delay reflecting part b2 etching depth with reference to formula (2) being：
Design the reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 of the present invention according to aforementioned formula, predominantly 1 grade spectrum of reflectance spectrum.
In order to improve the energy of illumination region, ultraviolet illumination systemses 201 of the present invention be designed with ultra violet illumination unit A201A and
Ultra violet illumination unit B 201B, both of which adopts ultraviolet LED one-dimensional array layout.Simultaneously in order to improve the uniformity of illumination region,
It is provided with Fresnel Lenses for even light before ultra violet illumination unit A201A and ultra violet illumination unit B 201B.
Material-transporting system 101 transports material 102 to be measured behind the Uniform Illumination region of ultraviolet illumination systemses 201, purple
Outer light excites the aflatoxin in material 102 to be measured to produce visible fluorescence.
Polyhedral rotating mirror 202 forms a scanning field of view in the homogeneous area that ultraviolet illumination systemses 201 illuminate, and will sweep
Retouching aflatoxin material in visual field excites the visible fluorescence of generation to reflex to reflective convergence system under ultraviolet illumination systemses 201
In unified 203, in order to eliminate the impact to reflection visible fluorescence for the ultraviolet illumination systemses 201, reflective convergence yoke 1 surface
It is coated with and leach ultraviolet light film layer.
Reflective convergence yoke 1 is it will be seen that fluorescence converges in slit masks template 204.Wherein, slit masks template 204
On be provided with slit, slit width direction is vertical with reflective one-dimensional phase grating line orientations.In order to realize space filtering and
Improve capacity usage ratio, slit width is slightly larger in dimension than λmax/ (2NA), wherein λmaxFor maximum in visible fluorescence wavelength, NA is
The picture of reflective convergence yoke 1 puts numerical aperture size.
In slit masks template 204, the outgoing beam of slit becomes directional light after reflective colimated light system 205 and enters
The characteristic wave producing corresponding difference aflatoxin after being mapped to the reflective one-dimensional phase grating 206 of special construction design and producing
Multiple 1 grade of fluorescence light wave of long value.Aforesaid 1 grade of fluorescence light wave can be arrived photoelectric detection unit by reflective convergence yoke 2 207
208 detect reception.As shown in figure 5, photoelectric detection unit 208 can be combined with photomultiplier tube 208b for rotating scan mirror 208a
Mode, or photoelectric detection unit 208 be time delay integration CCD.
The spectral signal of detection is transferred to signal processing unit and carries out spectral signal analysis by photoelectric detection unit 208, obtains
Spectral signal and the no infection aflatoxin material spectral signal of aflatoxin AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 or AFG2 must be corresponded to
Difference value.According to difference value, rejecting mechanism is controlled to carry out the sorting of aflatoxin material using control unit.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, the not model to the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of without departing from design spirit of the present invention, the technical side to the present invention for the those of ordinary skill in the art
Various modifications and improvement that case is made, all should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of aflatoxin on-line measuring device of utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum, including material-transporting system (101), ultraviolet
Illuminator (201) and detection transducing part (301), ultraviolet illumination systemses (201) are arranged on the upper of material-transporting system (101)
Side it is characterised in that：Described detection transducing part (301) include Polyhedral rotating mirror (202), reflective convergence yoke one (203),
Slit masks template (204), reflective colimated light system (205), reflective one-dimensional phase grating (206), reflective convergence yoke two
(207), photoelectric detection unit (208), described slit masks template (204) is provided with slit, slit width direction with reflective
One-dimensional phase grating (206) line orientations are vertical.
2. utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 1 aflatoxin on-line measuring device it is characterised in that：
Described slit width size is more than λmax/ (2NA), wherein λmaxFor maximum in visible fluorescence wavelength, NA is that reflective convergence is
The picture of unified (203) puts numerical aperture size.
3. utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 2 aflatoxin on-line measuring device it is characterised in that：
Non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part and reflected beam portion is comprised in described reflective one-dimensional phase grating (206) a cycle, wherein, non-
Reflection alternatively non-transparent part comprises non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part a1 and non-reflective alternatively non-transparent part a2, and reflected beam portion comprises directly anti-
Penetrate part b1 and Phase delay reflecting part b2, and, a1 and a2's is equivalently-sized, and b1 and b2's is equivalently-sized, and ai and bj
Ratio be 1/2, i=1 or 2, j=1 or 2.
4. utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 3 aflatoxin on-line measuring device it is characterised in that：
Described reflective one-dimensional phase grating (206) base material adopts SiO2, alternatively non-transparent part is Cr film, and reflecting part b1 is Al
Film, and Phase delay reflecting part b2 performs etching for reflective one-dimensional phase grating (206) substrate, the surface after etching is coated with
Al film, and etching depth For visible fluorescence wavelength meansigma methodss.
5. the aflatoxin on-line measuring device of the utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 1-4 any one,
It is characterized in that：Described ultraviolet illumination systemses (201) include ultra violet illumination unit A (201A) and ultra violet illumination unit B (201B),
Both of which adopts ultraviolet LED one-dimensional array layout.
6. utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 5 aflatoxin on-line measuring device it is characterised in that：
It is provided with Fresnel Lenses for even light before described ultra violet illumination unit A (201A) and ultra violet illumination unit B (201B).
7. utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 6 aflatoxin on-line measuring device it is characterised in that：
Described reflective convergence yoke one (203) surface is coated with and leaches ultraviolet light film layer.
8. the aflatoxin on-line measuring device of the utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 6 or 7, its feature exists
In：Described photoelectric detection unit (208) is combined with photomultiplier tube (208b) for rotating scan mirror (208a) or is time delay
Integration CCD.
9. utilization Ultraluminescence spectrum according to claim 8 aflatoxin on-line measuring device it is characterised in that：
Described Polyhedral rotating mirror (202) is hexahedro, octahedral or dodecahedro revolving mirror.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611074632.8A CN106442458A (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Device for detecting aflatoxin by aid of ultraviolet fluorescence spectra in online manner |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611074632.8A CN106442458A (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Device for detecting aflatoxin by aid of ultraviolet fluorescence spectra in online manner |
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| CN107144554A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥泰禾光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of aflatoxin detection means |
| CN107328745A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-11-07 | 合肥泰禾光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Determination Methods of Aflatoxins and device |
| CN107991266A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-04 | 合肥泰禾光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of on-line measuring device of aflatoxins |
| CN108548786A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-09-18 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of apparatus and method using multiple surface rotating mirror spectral detection peanut aflatoxin |
| CN110567902A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Mould detection device and detection method |
| CN112816687A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 华南农业大学 | Broad-spectrum immunosensor for image matching by using machine learning |
| CN113418896A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-21 | 中国农业大学 | Method for on-line high-throughput detection of aflatoxin in corn grains |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107144554A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥泰禾光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of aflatoxin detection means |
| CN107328745A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-11-07 | 合肥泰禾光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Determination Methods of Aflatoxins and device |
| CN107991266A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-04 | 合肥泰禾光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of on-line measuring device of aflatoxins |
| CN108548786A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-09-18 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of apparatus and method using multiple surface rotating mirror spectral detection peanut aflatoxin |
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| CN112816687A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 华南农业大学 | Broad-spectrum immunosensor for image matching by using machine learning |
| CN112816687B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-04-22 | 华南农业大学 | Broad-spectrum immunosensor for image matching by using machine learning |
| CN113418896A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-21 | 中国农业大学 | Method for on-line high-throughput detection of aflatoxin in corn grains |
| CN113418896B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-01-10 | 中国农业大学 | Method for on-line high-throughput detection of aflatoxin in corn grains |
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