CN106355538A - Collapse prevention and control engineering system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a collapse prevention and control engineering system.A rainwater measuring module for detecting rainfall is arranged at the upper end of a mountain, a temperature detecting module for detecting the temperature of the mountain is arranged on the slope of the mountain, and a vibration detecting module for detecting the vibration of the mountain is arranged at the lower end of the temperature detecting module; the lower end of the mountain is provided with a ditch, a ditch cover plate is arranged on the ditch, and the right end of the ditch is provided with a protective dam; the output ends of the rainwater measuring module, the temperature detecting module and the vibration detecting module are communicated with the computer terminal. The collapse prevention engineering system provided by the invention can be used for timely sending rainfall detection, temperature detection and vibration detection of a mountain to a computer terminal, people can determine the collapse possibility of the detection area through analysis, and if danger exists, related departments can be timely informed to carry out related road blocking on the area and even spread residents in the area, so that the life and property safety of people is well protected.

Description

A kind of avalanche prevention and cure project system

Technical field

The invention belongs to avalanche Way of Engineering Technology in Control of Underground field, more particularly, to a kind of avalanche prevention and cure project system.

Background technology

Avalanche is generally present in mountain area, particularly have plenty of rain and earthquake zone near mountain area, due to natural disaster Uncertainty, is difficult to timely harm be prevented and treated and process, the security of the lives and property giving people brings hidden danger.

Content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of avalanche prevention and cure project system is it is intended to solve the uncertainty of natural disaster, It is difficult to timely harm be prevented and treated and process, the security of the lives and property giving people brings the problem of hidden danger.

The present invention is achieved in that a kind of avalanche prevention and cure project system, is provided with massif, ditch, ditch cover plate, protection Dykes and dams, the upper end of described massif is provided with the rainwater measurement module for detecting rainfall, massif slope is provided with for The temperature detecting module of detection massif temperature, the lower end of temperature detecting module is provided with the shock detection for detecting massif vibrations Module；The lower end of massif is provided with ditch, and ditch is provided with ditch cover plate, and the right-hand member in ditch is provided with protective dike；Rainwater Measurement module, temperature detecting module, the outfan of shock detection module are connected with terminal；

Described rainwater measurement module includes: rainwater-collecting bottle, displacement transducer, signal projector；It is used for collecting rainwater Rainwater-collecting bottle；Inside rainwater-collecting bottle, the displacement for detecting in-plane displancement data on rainwater in rainwater-collecting bottle passes Sensor；Connect with displacement transducer outfan, for the signal projector of emission sensor transmission signal.

Further, institute's displacement sensors measurement model is as follows:

y_a(t_k-1)、y_a(t_k)、y_a(t_k+1) it is respectively displacement transducer a to target in t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1The local flute card in moment Measuring value under your coordinate system, is respectively as follows:

$y_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)={y^{\′}}_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)-c_a\left(t_{k-1}\right){\mathrm{\ξ}}_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)+n_{y_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)}---\left(1\right)$

$y_a\left(t_k\right)={y^{\′}}_a\left(t_k\right)-c_a\left(t_k\right){\mathrm{\ξ}}_a\left(t_k\right)+n_{y_a\left(t_k\right)}---\left(2\right)$

$y_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)={y^{\′}}_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)-c_a\left(t_{k+1}\right){\mathrm{\ξ}}_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)+n_{y_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, y'_a(t_k-1)、y'_a(t_k)、y'_a(t_k+1) it is respectively displacement transducer a in t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1The local flute in moment Actual position under karr coordinate system；c_aT () is the transformation matrix of error；ξ_aT () is the systematic error of sensor；For being System noise it is assumed thatFor zero-mean, separate Gaussian stochastic variable, noise covariance matrix It is respectively r_a(k-1)、r_a(k)、r_a(k+1).

Further, obtain displacement transducer a and exist using the interpolation extrapolation temporal registration algorithm that carries out of 3 points of parabolic interpolations t_bkWhen be engraved in measuring value under local rectangular coordinate systemFor:

Wherein, t_bkFor registering moment, t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1For during three nearest samplings of displacement transducer a distance registering moment Carve, y_a(t_k-1),y_a(t_k),y_a(t_k+1) it is respectively its corresponding detection data to target.

Further, described signal projector includes: dielectric-slab, radiation patch unit, earth plate, microstrip feed line；

Described radiation patch unit and microstrip feed line are arranged on the front of described dielectric-slab, and described earth plate is arranged on described The back side of dielectric-slab；

Away from for 4.5mm, rightmargin is 7.5mm on the left side of described radiation patch cell distance dielectric-slab, and top margin is 5mm, Bottom margin is 12.5mm；

Radiation patch unit physical length calculating reference formula:

$l=\frac{{\mathrm{\λ}}_0}{2\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ξ}}_e}}-0.824h\frac{({\mathrm{\ξ}}_e+0.3)(w/h+0.264)}{({\mathrm{\ξ}}_e-0.258)(w/h+0.8)},{\mathrm{\ξ}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\ξ}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\ξ}}_r-1}{2}{(1+12\frac{h}{w})}^{-\frac{1}{2}};$

The computing formula of radiation patch cell width is:

$w=\frac{{\mathrm{c\λ}}_0}{2}{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ξ}}_r+1}{2}\right)}^{-\frac{1}{2}};$

At described feed port, microstrip feed line adopts the characteristic impedance of 50 ω, and width calculation refers to following equation:

$\frac{w}{h}=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\frac{8e^a}{e^{2a}-2}& w/h<2\\ \frac{2\&lsqb;b-1-ln(\frac{377\mathrm{\&pi;}}{z_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}}-1)\&rsqb;}{\mathrm{\&pi;}}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r-1}{2{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}\&lsqb;\ln \frac{377\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2z_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}}-1)-\frac{0.61}{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}+0.39\&rsqb;& w/h>2\end{array}\right.$ $a=\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r-1}{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r+1}(0.23+\frac{0.61}{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r})+\frac{z_0}{60}\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r+1}{2}};$

Wherein ξ_rFor medium relative dielectric constant；H is thickness of dielectric layers；W is radiation patch cell width.

Further, institute's displacement sensors are provided with signal detection module, the signal processing method bag of described signal detection Include:

The first step, the radio frequency in reived_v1 or reived_v2 or if sampling signal is carried out the fft of nfft points Computing, then modulus computing, front nfft/2 point therein is stored in vectorf, in vectorf, saves the width of signal x2 Degree spectrum；

Second step, analysis bandwidth bs is divided into the equal block, n=3,4 of n block ... .., each block will be carried out The a width of bs/n of band of computing, if the low-limit frequency that will analyze bandwidth bs is fl, fl=0 here, then block nblock, n=1...n, Corresponding frequency separation scope is [fl+ (n-1) bs/n, fl+ (n) bs/n] respectively, by the frequency of frequency range corresponding in vectorf Rate point distributes to each block, and the vectorf point range that wherein nblock divides is [sn, sn+kn], whereinRepresent the number of every section of Frequency point got, and Represent is starting point, and fs is signal sampling frequencies, and round (*) represents the computing that rounds up；

3rd step, seeks the energy σ of its frequency spectrum to each block | | 2, obtain e (n), n=1...n；

4th step, averages to vectorial e

5th step, try to achieve vectorial e variance and

6th step, update flag bit flag, flag=0, the front testing result of expressions be no signal, this kind of under the conditions of, Only it is judged to currently detected signal as σ sum > k2, flag is changed into 1；Work as flag=1, represent that a front testing result is Have signal, this kind of under the conditions of, only when σ sum <be judged to during k1 currently be not detected by signal, flag be changed into 0, k1 and k2 be door Limit value, with theoretical simulation, empirical value is given, k2 > k1；

According to flag bit, 7th step, controls whether subsequent demodulation thread etc. is opened: flag=1, opens subsequent demodulation thread Deng otherwise closing subsequent demodulation thread.

Further, described temperature detecting module is provided with frequency-hopping mixing signal pretreatment module, described frequency-hopping mixing signal The signal processing method of pretreatment module includes:

To frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrixCarry out pretreatment, specifically include as Lower two steps:

The first step is rightCarry out low-yield pretreatment, that is, in each sampling instant p, WillThe value that amplitude is less than thresholding ε sets to 0, and obtains The setting of thresholding ε can determine according to the average energy of receipt signal；

Second step, finds out the time-frequency numeric field data of p moment (p=0,1,2 ... p-1) non-zero, uses Represent, whereinRepresent the response of p moment time-frequencyCorresponding frequency indices when non-zero, to this A little non-zero normalization pretreatment, obtain pretreated vector b (p, q)=[b₁(p,q),b₂(p,q),…,b_m(p,q) ]^t, wherein

Further, described shock detection module is provided with frequency normalization processing module, and described frequency normalization processes mould The method of block includes: estimates jumping moment and the corresponding normalized mixed moment array of each jump of each jump using clustering algorithm When vector, Hopping frequencies, comprise the following steps:

The first step is in p (p=0,1,2 ... the p-1) moment, rightThe frequency values representing are clustered, in the cluster obtaining Heart numberThe carrier frequency number that the expression p moment exists,Individual cluster centre then represents the size of carrier frequency, uses respectivelyRepresent；

Second step, to each sampling instant p (p=0,1,2 ... p-1), using clustering algorithm pairClustered, Equally availableIndividual cluster centre, usesRepresent；

3rd step, to allAverage and round, obtain the estimation of source signal numberI.e.

$\hat{n}=round\left(\frac{1}{p}\underset{p=0}{\overset{p-1}{\&sigma;}}{\hat{n}}_p\right);$

4th step, finds outMoment, use p_hRepresent, the p to each section of continuous value_hSeek intermediate value, useRepresent that l section is connected p_hIntermediate value, thenRepresent the estimation in l-th frequency hopping moment；

5th step, obtains according to estimation in second stepAnd the 4th estimate to obtain in step The frequency hopping moment estimate each jump correspondingIndividual hybrid matrix column vectorConcrete formula is:

${\hat{a}}_n\left(l\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}\&centerdot;\underset{p=1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}{\&sigma;}}{b}_{n,p}^0& l=1,\\ \frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)-{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)}\&centerdot;\underset{p={\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)+1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)}{\&sigma;}}{b}_{n,p}^0& l>1,\end{array}\right.,n=1,2,...,\hat{n}$

HereRepresent that l jumps correspondingIndividual mixing Matrix column vector estimated value；

6th step, estimates the corresponding carrier frequency of each jump, usesRepresent that l jumps correspondingIndividual frequency estimation, computing formula is as follows:

${\hat{f}}_{c,n}\left(l\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}\&centerdot;\underset{p=1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}{\&sigma;}}{f}_o^n\left(p\right)& l=1,\\ \frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)-{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)}\&centerdot;\underset{p={\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)+1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)}{\&sigma;}}{f}_o^n\left(p\right)& l>1,\end{array}\right.,n=1,2,...,\hat{n};$

Estimate that the normalization hybrid matrix column vector obtaining estimates time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal, specifically comprise the following steps that

Which this moment index belongs to and jump is judged to all sampling instants index p, method particularly includes: ifThen represent that moment p belongs to l and jumps；IfThen represent that moment p belongs to the 1st Jump；

All moment p that l (l=1,2 ...) is jumped_l, estimate the time-frequency numeric field data of this jump each frequency hopping source signal, calculate Formula is as follows:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\tilde{s}}_j(p_l,q)=\frac{1}{\left|\right|{\hat{a}}_j\left(l\right)|{|}^2}\&centerdot;{\hat{a}}_j^h\left(l\right)\&times;\left[\begin{array}{c}{\tilde{x}}_1(p_l,q)\\ {\tilde{x}}_2(p_l,q)\\ \&centerdot;\\ \&centerdot;\\ \&centerdot;\\ {\tilde{x}}_m(p_l,q)\end{array}\right]\\ j=\underset{j_0=1,2,...,\hat{n}}{\arg \max }\left(\right|{\&lsqb;{\tilde{x}}_1(p_l,q),{\tilde{x}}_2(p_l,q),...,{\tilde{x}}_m(p_l,q)\&rsqb;}^h\&times;{\hat{a}}_{j_0}\left(l\right)\left|\right)\\ {\tilde{s}}_m(p_l,q)=0,m=1,2,...,m,m\&notequal;j\\ q=0,1,2,...,n_{fft}-1\end{array}\right..$

Further, described frequency normalization processing module is provided with concatenation unit, the processing method bag of described concatenation unit Include: the time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal between different frequency hopping points is spliced, specifically comprises the following steps that

The first step, estimates that l jumps correspondingIndividual incident angle, usesRepresent l jump n-th source signal corresponding enter Firing angle degree,Computing formula as follows:

${\widehat{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_n\left(l\right)=\frac{1}{m-1}\underset{m=2}{\overset{m}{\&sigma;}}{\sin }^{-1}\&lsqb;\frac{angle\left({\hat{a}}_{n,m}\right(l)/{\hat{a}}_{n,m-1}\left(l\right))*c}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{\hat{f}}_{c,n}\left(l\right)d}\&rsqb;,n=1,2,...,\hat{n}$

Represent that l jumps n-th hybrid matrix column vector estimating to obtainM-th element, c represents the light velocity, I.e. v_c=3 × 10⁸Meter per second；

Second step, judges that l (l=2,3 ...) jumps corresponding between the source signal estimated and the source signal that first jumps estimation Relation, judgment formula is as follows:

${m_n}^{\left(l\right)}=\underset{m}{\mathrm{argmin}}|{\widehat{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_m^{\left(l\right)}-{\widehat{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_n^{\left(1\right)}|,n=1,2,...,\hat{n}$

Wherein m_n ^(l)Represent that l jumps the m estimating_n ^(l)Individual signal and first is jumped n-th signal estimated and is belonged to same source Signal；

3rd step, by different frequency hopping point estimation to the signal belonging to same source signal be stitched together, as final Time-frequency domain source signal estimate, use y_nTime-frequency domain estimated value in time frequency point (p, q) for n-th source signal of (p, q) expression, p= 0,1,2 ...., p, q=0,1,2 ..., n_fft- 1, that is,

The avalanche prevention and cure project system that the present invention provides is by the detection of the rainfall of massif, temperature detection and shock momentum detection Timely to be sent to terminal, people pass through the probability that analysis determines this detection location avalanche, if dangerous, and The road closed that Shi Tongzhi relevant department carries out correlation to this area is even diffused to this area resident, protects people's The security of the lives and property.Rainwater rapidly can be discharged massif by ditch, and protective dike can roll down to dike by a certain degree of stop rock Dam opposite side, the safety of protection people.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of avalanche prevention and cure project system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

In figure: 1, rainwater measurement module；2nd, temperature detecting module；3rd, shock detection module；4th, massif；5th, ditch；6th, water Trench cover；7th, protective dike.

Specific embodiment

In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to Limit the present invention.

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the structure of the present invention is explained in detail.

As shown in figure 1, the avalanche prevention and cure project system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: rainwater measurement module 1, temperature detection mould Block 2, shock detection module 3, massif 4, ditch 5, ditch cover plate 6, protective dike 7.

The upper end of massif 4 is provided with the rainwater measurement module 1 for detecting rainfall, is provided with use on massif 4 slope In the temperature detecting module 2 of detection massif 4 temperature, the lower end of temperature detecting module 2 is provided with the shake for detecting massif 4 vibrations Dynamic detection module 3；The lower end of massif 4 is provided with ditch 5, and ditch 5 is provided with ditch cover plate 6, and the right-hand member in ditch 5 is provided with anti- Bank protection dam 7；Rainwater measurement module 1, temperature detecting module 2, the outfan of shock detection module 3 are connected with terminal.

Described rainwater measurement module 1 includes: rainwater-collecting bottle, displacement transducer, signal projector；It is used for collecting rainwater Rainwater-collecting bottle；Inside rainwater-collecting bottle, for detecting the displacement of in-plane displancement data on rainwater in rainwater-collecting bottle Sensor；Connect with displacement transducer outfan, for the signal projector of emission sensor transmission signal.

Further, institute's displacement sensors measurement model is as follows:

y_a(t_k-1)、y_a(t_k)、y_a(t_k+1) it is respectively displacement transducer a to target in t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1The local flute card in moment Measuring value under your coordinate system, is respectively as follows:

$y_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)={y^{\&prime;}}_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)-c_a\left(t_{k-1}\right){\mathrm{\&xi;}}_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)+n_{y_a\left(t_{k-1}\right)}---\left(5\right)$

$y_a\left(t_k\right)={y^{\&prime;}}_a\left(t_k\right)-c_a\left(t_k\right){\mathrm{\&xi;}}_a\left(t_k\right)+n_{y_a\left(t_k\right)}---\left(6\right)$

$y_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)={y^{\&prime;}}_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)-c_a\left(t_{k+1}\right){\mathrm{\&xi;}}_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)+n_{y_a\left(t_{k+1}\right)}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein, y'_a(t_k-1)、y'_a(t_k)、y'_a(t_k+1) it is respectively displacement transducer a in t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1The local flute in moment Actual position under karr coordinate system；c_aT () is the transformation matrix of error；ξ_aT () is the systematic error of sensor；For being System noise it is assumed thatFor zero-mean, separate Gaussian stochastic variable, noise covariance matrix It is respectively r_a(k-1)、r_a(k)、r_a(k+1).

Further, obtain displacement transducer a and exist using the interpolation extrapolation temporal registration algorithm that carries out of 3 points of parabolic interpolations t_bkWhen be engraved in measuring value under local rectangular coordinate systemFor:

Wherein, t_bkFor registering moment, t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1For during three nearest samplings of displacement transducer a distance registering moment Carve, y_a(t_k-1),y_a(t_k),y_a(t_k+1) it is respectively its corresponding detection data to target.

Further, described signal projector includes: dielectric-slab, radiation patch unit, earth plate, microstrip feed line；

Described radiation patch unit and microstrip feed line are arranged on the front of described dielectric-slab, and described earth plate is arranged on described The back side of dielectric-slab；

Away from for 4.5mm, rightmargin is 7.5mm on the left side of described radiation patch cell distance dielectric-slab, and top margin is 5mm, Bottom margin is 12.5mm；

Radiation patch unit physical length calculating reference formula:

$l=\frac{{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_0}{2\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_e}}-0.824h\frac{({\mathrm{\&xi;}}_e+0.3)(w/h+0.264)}{({\mathrm{\&xi;}}_e-0.258)(w/h+0.8)},{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_e=\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r+1}{2}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r-1}{2}{(1+12\frac{h}{w})}^{-\frac{1}{2}};$

The computing formula of radiation patch cell width is:

$w=\frac{{\mathrm{c\&lambda;}}_0}{2}{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r+1}{2}\right)}^{-\frac{1}{2}};$

At described feed port, microstrip feed line adopts the characteristic impedance of 50 ω, and width calculation can be joined

Examine following equation:

$\frac{w}{h}=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\frac{8e^a}{e^{2a}-2}& w/h<2\\ \frac{2\&lsqb;b-1-ln(\frac{377\mathrm{\&pi;}}{z_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}}-1)\&rsqb;}{\mathrm{\&pi;}}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r-1}{2{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}\&lsqb;\ln \frac{377\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2z_0\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}}-1)-\frac{0.61}{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r}+0.39\&rsqb;& w/h>2\end{array}\right.$ $a=\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r-1}{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r+1}(0.23+\frac{0.61}{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r})+\frac{z_0}{60}\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_r+1}{2}};$

Wherein ξ_rFor medium relative dielectric constant；H is thickness of dielectric layers；W is radiation patch cell width.

Further, institute's displacement sensors are provided with signal detection module, the signal processing method bag of described signal detection Include:

The first step, the radio frequency in reived_v1 or reived_v2 or if sampling signal is carried out the fft of nfft points Computing, then modulus computing, front nfft/2 point therein is stored in vectorf, in vectorf, saves the width of signal x2 Degree spectrum；

Second step, analysis bandwidth bs is divided into the equal block, n=3,4 of n block ... .., each block will be carried out The a width of bs/n of band of computing, if the low-limit frequency that will analyze bandwidth bs is fl, fl=0 here, then block nblock, n=1...n, Corresponding frequency separation scope is [fl+ (n-1) bs/n, fl+ (n) bs/n] respectively, by the frequency of frequency range corresponding in vectorf Rate point distributes to each block, and the vectorf point range that wherein nblock divides is [sn, sn+kn], whereinRepresent the number of every section of Frequency point got, and Represent is starting point, and fs is signal sampling frequencies, and round (*) represents the computing that rounds up；

3rd step, seeks the energy σ of its frequency spectrum to each block | | 2, obtain e (n), n=1...n；

4th step, averages to vectorial e

5th step, try to achieve vectorial e variance and

6th step, update flag bit flag, flag=0, the front testing result of expressions be no signal, this kind of under the conditions of, Only it is judged to currently detected signal as σ sum > k2, flag is changed into 1；Work as flag=1, represent that a front testing result is Have signal, this kind of under the conditions of, only when σ sum <be judged to during k1 currently be not detected by signal, flag be changed into 0, k1 and k2 be door Limit value, with theoretical simulation, empirical value is given, k2 > k1；

According to flag bit, 7th step, controls whether subsequent demodulation thread etc. is opened: flag=1, opens subsequent demodulation thread Deng otherwise closing subsequent demodulation thread.

Further, described temperature detecting module is provided with frequency-hopping mixing signal pretreatment module, described frequency-hopping mixing signal The signal processing method of pretreatment module includes:

To frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrixCarry out pretreatment, specifically include Following two steps:

The first step is rightCarry out low-yield pretreatment, that is, in each sampling instant P, willThe value that amplitude is less than thresholding ε sets to 0, and obtains The setting of thresholding ε can determine according to the average energy of receipt signal；

Second step, finds out the time-frequency numeric field data of p moment (p=0,1,2 ... p-1) non-zero, usesRepresent, whereinRepresent the response of p moment time-frequency Corresponding frequency indices when non-zero, to these non-zero normalization pretreatment, obtain pretreated vector b (p, q)=[b₁ (p,q),b₂(p,q),…,b_m(p,q)]^t, wherein

Further, described shock detection module is provided with frequency normalization processing module, and described frequency normalization processes mould The method of block includes: estimates jumping moment and the corresponding normalized mixed moment array of each jump of each jump using clustering algorithm When vector, Hopping frequencies, comprise the following steps:

The first step is in p (p=0,1,2 ... the p-1) moment, rightThe frequency values representing are clustered, in the cluster obtaining Heart numberThe carrier frequency number that the expression p moment exists,Individual cluster centre then represents the size of carrier frequency, uses respectivelyRepresent；

Second step, to each sampling instant p (p=0,1,2 ... p-1), using clustering algorithm pairClustered, Equally availableIndividual cluster centre, usesRepresent；

3rd step, to allAverage and round, obtain the estimation of source signal numberI.e.

$\hat{n}=round\left(\frac{1}{p}\underset{p=0}{\overset{p-1}{\&sigma;}}{\hat{n}}_p\right);$

4th step, finds outMoment, use p_hRepresent, the p to each section of continuous value_hSeek intermediate value, useRepresent that l section is connected p_hIntermediate value, thenRepresent the estimation in l-th frequency hopping moment；

5th step, obtains according to estimation in second stepAnd the 4th estimate to obtain in step The frequency hopping moment estimate each jump correspondingIndividual hybrid matrix column vectorConcrete formula is:

${\hat{a}}_n\left(l\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}\&centerdot;\underset{p=1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}{\&sigma;}}{b}_{n,p}^0& l=1,\\ \frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)-{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)}\&centerdot;\underset{p={\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)+1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)}{\&sigma;}}{b}_{n,p}^0& l>1,\end{array}\right.,n=1,2,...,\hat{n}$

HereRepresent that l jumps correspondingIndividual mixed moment Array vector estimated value；

6th step, estimates the corresponding carrier frequency of each jump, usesRepresent that l jumps correspondingIndividual frequency estimation, computing formula is as follows:

${\hat{f}}_{c,n}\left(l\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}\&centerdot;\underset{p=1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(1\right)}{\&sigma;}}{f}_o^n\left(p\right)& l=1,\\ \frac{1}{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)-{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)}\&centerdot;\underset{p={\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h(l-1)+1,p\&notequal;p_h}{\overset{{\stackrel{\&overbar;}{p}}_h\left(l\right)}{\&sigma;}}{f}_o^n\left(p\right)& l>1,\end{array}\right.,n=1,2,...,\hat{n};$

Estimate that the normalization hybrid matrix column vector obtaining estimates time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal, specifically comprise the following steps that

Which this moment index belongs to and jump is judged to all sampling instants index p, method particularly includes: ifThen represent that moment p belongs to l and jumps；IfThen represent that moment p belongs to the 1st Jump；

All moment p that l (l=1,2 ...) is jumped_l, estimate the time-frequency numeric field data of this jump each frequency hopping source signal, calculate Formula is as follows:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\tilde{s}}_j(p_l,q)=\frac{1}{\left|\right|{\hat{a}}_j\left(l\right)|{|}^2}\&centerdot;{\hat{a}}_j^h\left(l\right)\&times;\left[\begin{array}{c}{\tilde{x}}_1(p_l,q)\\ {\tilde{x}}_2(p_l,q)\\ \&centerdot;\\ \&centerdot;\\ \&centerdot;\\ {\tilde{x}}_m(p_l,q)\end{array}\right]\\ j=\underset{j_0=1,2,...,\hat{n}}{\arg \max }\left(\right|{\&lsqb;{\tilde{x}}_1(p_l,q),{\tilde{x}}_2(p_l,q),...,{\tilde{x}}_m(p_l,q)\&rsqb;}^h\&times;{\hat{a}}_{j_0}\left(l\right)\left|\right)\\ {\tilde{s}}_m(p_l,q)=0,m=1,2,...,m,m\&notequal;j\\ q=0,1,2,...,n_{fft}-1\end{array}\right..$

Further, described frequency normalization processing module is provided with concatenation unit, the processing method bag of described concatenation unit Include: the time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal between different frequency hopping points is spliced, specifically comprises the following steps that

The first step, estimates that l jumps correspondingIndividual incident angle, usesRepresent l jump n-th source signal corresponding enter Firing angle degree,Computing formula as follows:

${\widehat{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_n\left(l\right)=\frac{1}{m-1}\underset{m=2}{\overset{m}{\&sigma;}}{\sin }^{-1}\&lsqb;\frac{angle\left({\hat{a}}_{n,m}\right(l)/{\hat{a}}_{n,m-1}\left(l\right))*c}{2\mathrm{\&pi;}{\hat{f}}_{c,n}\left(l\right)d}\&rsqb;,n=1,2,...,\hat{n}$

Represent that l jumps n-th hybrid matrix column vector estimating to obtainM-th element, c represents the light velocity, I.e. v_c=3 × 10⁸Meter per second；

Second step, judges that l (l=2,3 ...) jumps corresponding between the source signal estimated and the source signal that first jumps estimation Relation, judgment formula is as follows:

${m_n}^{\left(l\right)}=\underset{m}{\mathrm{argmin}}|{\widehat{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_m^{\left(l\right)}-{\widehat{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_n^{\left(1\right)}|,n=1,2,...,\hat{n}$

Wherein m_n ^(l)Represent that l jumps the m estimating_n ^(l)Individual signal and first is jumped n-th signal estimated and is belonged to same source Signal；

3rd step, by different frequency hopping point estimation to the signal belonging to same source signal be stitched together, as final Time-frequency domain source signal estimate, use y_nTime-frequency domain estimated value in time frequency point (p, q) for n-th source signal of (p, q) expression, p= 0,1,2 ...., p, q=0,1,2 ..., n_fft- 1, that is,

People pass through the analytical calculation to detection areal rainfall depth, temperature and shockproofness, prevention calamity ahead of time Occur, according to circumstances local resident can be diffused and road is blocked it is ensured that people's security of the lives and property in time. The hydrops of massif can be discharged by ditch under massif in time, and protective dike can effectively stop the stone that massif falls from rolling down to Dykes and dams opposite side, the safety of life and property of protection people.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of avalanche prevention and cure project system, is provided with massif, ditch, ditch cover plate, protective dike it is characterised in that described The upper end of massif is provided with the rainwater measurement module for detecting rainfall, is provided with for detecting massif temperature on massif slope The temperature detecting module of degree, the lower end of temperature detecting module is provided with the shock detection module for detecting massif vibrations；Massif Lower end be provided with ditch, ditch is provided with ditch cover plate, the right-hand member in ditch is provided with protective dike；Rainwater measurement module, Temperature detecting module, the outfan of shock detection module are connected with terminal；

Described rainwater measurement module includes: rainwater-collecting bottle, displacement transducer, signal projector；It is used for collecting the rainwater of rainwater Receiving flask；Inside rainwater-collecting bottle, for detecting the displacement transducer of in-plane displancement data on rainwater in rainwater-collecting bottle； Connect with displacement transducer outfan, for the signal projector of emission sensor transmission signal.

2. avalanche prevention and cure project system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that institute's displacement sensors measurement model such as Under:

y_a(t_k-1)、y_a(t_k)、y_a(t_k+1) it is respectively displacement transducer a to target in t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1The local Descartes in moment sits Measuring value under mark system, is respectively as follows:

Wherein, y'_a(t_k-1)、y'_a(t_k)、y'_a(t_k+1) it is respectively displacement transducer a in t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1The local flute card in moment Actual position under your coordinate system；c_aT () is the transformation matrix of error；ξ_aT () is the systematic error of sensor；For system Noise it is assumed thatFor zero-mean, separate Gaussian stochastic variable, noise covariance matrix divides Wei not r_a(k-1)、r_a(k)、r_a(k+1).

3. avalanche prevention and cure project system as claimed in claim 2 is it is characterised in that carrying out using 3 points of parabolic interpolations Interpolation extrapolation temporal registration algorithm obtains displacement transducer a in t_bkWhen be engraved in measuring value under local rectangular coordinate systemFor:

Wherein, t_bkFor registering moment, t_k-1,t_k,t_k+1For three sampling instants that the displacement transducer a distance registering moment is nearest, y_a (t_k-1),y_a(t_k),y_a(t_k+1) it is respectively its corresponding detection data to target.

4. avalanche prevention and cure project system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described signal projector includes: dielectric-slab, Radiation patch unit, earth plate, microstrip feed line；

Described radiation patch unit and microstrip feed line are arranged on the front of described dielectric-slab, and described earth plate is arranged on described medium The back side of plate；

Away from for 4.5mm, rightmargin is 7.5mm on the left side of described radiation patch cell distance dielectric-slab, and top margin is 5mm, below Away from for 12.5mm；

Radiation patch unit physical length calculating reference formula:

The computing formula of radiation patch cell width is:

At described feed port, microstrip feed line adopts the characteristic impedance of 50 ω, and width calculation refers to following equation:

Wherein ξ_rFor medium relative dielectric constant；H is thickness of dielectric layers；W is radiation patch cell width.

5. avalanche prevention and cure project system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that institute's displacement sensors are provided with signal inspection Survey module, the signal processing method of described signal detection includes:

The first step, the radio frequency in reived_v1 or reived_v2 or if sampling signal is carried out the fft computing of nfft points, Then modulus computing, front nfft/2 point therein is stored in vectorf, saves the amplitude spectrum of signal x2 in vectorf；

Second step, analysis bandwidth bs is divided into the equal block, n=3,4 of n block ... .., each block will enter row operation Carry a width of bs/n, if the low-limit frequency that will analyze bandwidth bs is fl, fl=0 here, then block nblock, n=1...n, corresponding Frequency separation scope is [fl+ (n-1) bs/n, fl+ (n) bs/n] respectively, and the Frequency point of frequency range corresponding in vectorf is distributed to The vectorf point range that each block, wherein nblock divide is [sn, sn+kn], wherein Represent the number of every section of Frequency point got, andRepresent is starting point, fs It is signal sampling frequencies, round (*) represents the computing that rounds up；

3rd step, seeks the energy σ of its frequency spectrum to each block | | 2, obtain e (n), n=1...n；

4th step, averages to vectorial e

5th step, try to achieve vectorial e variance and

6th step, update flag bit flag, flag=0, the front testing result of expressions be no signal, this kind of under the conditions of, only It is judged to currently detected signal as σ sum > k2, flag is changed into 1；Work as flag=1, represent that a front testing result is to have letter Number, this kind of under the conditions of, only when σ sum <be judged to during k1 currently be not detected by signal, flag be changed into 0, k1 and k2 be threshold value, With theoretical simulation, empirical value is given, k2 > k1；

According to flag bit, 7th step, controls whether subsequent demodulation thread etc. is opened: flag=1, opens subsequent demodulation thread etc., no Then close subsequent demodulation thread.

6. avalanche prevention and cure project system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described temperature detecting module is provided with frequency hopping Mixed signal pretreatment module, the signal processing method of described frequency-hopping mixing signal pretreatment module includes:

To frequency-hopping mixing signal time-frequency domain matrixCarry out pretreatment, specifically include following two Step:

The first step is rightCarry out low-yield pretreatment, that is, in each sampling instant p, willThe value that amplitude is less than thresholding ε sets to 0, and obtains The setting of thresholding ε can determine according to the average energy of receipt signal；

Second step, finds out the time-frequency numeric field data of p moment (p=0,1,2 ... p-1) non-zero, uses Represent, whereinRepresent the response of p moment time-frequencyWhen non-zero, corresponding frequency indices, right These non-zero normalization pretreatment, obtain pretreated vector b (p, q)=[b₁(p,q),b₂(p,q),…,b_m(p, q)]^t, wherein

7. avalanche prevention and cure project system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described shock detection module is provided with frequency Normalized module, the method for described frequency normalization processing module includes: estimates the saltus step of each jump using clustering algorithm When moment and the corresponding normalized hybrid matrix column vector of each jump, Hopping frequencies, comprise the following steps:

The first step is in p (p=0,1,2 ... the p-1) moment, rightThe frequency values representing are clustered, the cluster centre number obtainingThe carrier frequency number that the expression p moment exists,Individual cluster centre then represents the size of carrier frequency, uses respectively Represent；

Second step, to each sampling instant p (p=0,1,2 ... p-1), using clustering algorithm pairClustered, equally AvailableIndividual cluster centre, usesRepresent；

3rd step, to allAverage and round, obtain the estimation of source signal numberI.e.

4th step, finds outMoment, use p_hRepresent, the p to each section of continuous value_hSeek intermediate value, useRepresent that l section is connected p_hIntermediate value, thenRepresent the estimation in l-th frequency hopping moment；

5th step, obtains according to estimation in second stepp≠p_hAnd the 4th estimate the frequency that obtains in step It is corresponding that jumping moment estimates each jumpIndividual hybrid matrix column vectorConcrete formula is:

HereRepresent that l jumps correspondingIndividual hybrid matrix Column vector estimated value；

6th step, estimates the corresponding carrier frequency of each jump, usesRepresent that l jumps correspondingIndividual Frequency estimation, computing formula is as follows:

Estimate that the normalization hybrid matrix column vector obtaining estimates time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal, specifically comprise the following steps that

Which this moment index belongs to and jump is judged to all sampling instants index p, method particularly includes: if Then represent that moment p belongs to l and jumps；IfThen represent that moment p belongs to the 1st jump；

All moment p that l (l=1,2 ...) is jumped_l, estimate the time-frequency numeric field data of this jump each frequency hopping source signal, computing formula is such as Under:

8. avalanche prevention and cure project system as claimed in claim 7 is it is characterised in that described frequency normalization processing module is arranged There is concatenation unit, the processing method of described concatenation unit includes: the time-frequency domain frequency hopping source signal between different frequency hopping points is carried out Splicing, specifically comprises the following steps that

The first step, estimates that l jumps correspondingIndividual incident angle, usesRepresent the corresponding angle of incidence of l n-th source signal of jump Degree,Computing formula as follows:

Represent that l jumps n-th hybrid matrix column vector estimating to obtainM-th element, c represents the light velocity, i.e. v_c =3 × 10⁸Meter per second；

Second step, judges that l (l=2,3 ...) jumps the source signal estimated and jumps the corresponding pass between the source signal estimated with first System, judgment formula is as follows:

Wherein m_n ^(l)Represent that l jumps the m estimating_n ^(l)Individual signal and first is jumped n-th signal estimated and is belonged to same source letter Number；

3rd step, by different frequency hopping point estimation to the signal belonging to same source signal be stitched together, as final when Frequency domain source signal is estimated, uses y_nTime-frequency domain estimated value in time frequency point (p, q) for n-th source signal of (p, q) expression, p=0,1, 2 ...., p, q=0,1,2 ..., n_fft- 1, that is,