CN105956923B

CN105956923B - Asset transaction system and digital authentication and transaction method of assets

Info

Publication number: CN105956923B
Application number: CN201610248229.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹剑
Original assignee: Shanghai Ruge Investment Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Ruge Investment Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-04-20
Filing date: 2016-04-20
Publication date: 2022-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 2036-04-20
Also published as: CN105956923A

Abstract

The invention relates to a digital asset transaction system, which comprises asset entry equipment and a distributed accounting network; the asset entry equipment verifies the asset, generates asset item information when the asset is in compliance and enters an asset transaction system, wherein the asset item information comprises a hash value of a digital asset certificate of the asset; the distributed accounting network comprises a plurality of accounting nodes which are connected point to point and respectively store transaction data information general ledgers which are synchronous in data and based on a block chain database; an asset trading system supports the mutual trading of at least two different types of assets. The asset transaction system provided by the invention realizes decentralized and reliable rapid transaction of various assets by adopting a block chain technology and an asset digital identity identification technology.

Description

Asset transaction system and digital authentication and transaction method of assets

Technical Field

The invention relates to a digital asset transaction system, in particular to an asset transaction system based on a block chain technology.

The invention also relates to a digital authentication method of the assets.

The invention also relates to a digital transaction method of the assets.

Background

The convenient transaction of various assets and the free circulation of currency are the cornerstones of the modern business society. The common basis for both asset trading and currency circulation is trust in value, trading partners and trading rules. However, in order to establish trust, especially between strange transaction parties, trust in asset reliability, and social efforts are quite expensive, and various centralized large organizations, and various governmental regulatory agencies have been established. The free and convenient asset transaction is realized by trusting public credibility of large organizations and governments. Such as various stock and bulk trading markets, large commercial banks, central banks, real estate offices, and the like. These organizations and organizations have large organizations and complicated processes to meet trust requirements, resulting in high operating costs and limited efficiency. More importantly, centralized organizations bring power and information to the organization itself, so that the interests of the organization itself may not be consistent with the social interests, or the negligence or malicious illegal operations of the organization itself may have serious consequences.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: a decentralized asset trading system is provided that supports multi-attribute asset trading, such as real asset trading.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a digital asset transaction system comprises an asset entry device and a distributed accounting network, wherein the asset transaction system is connected with a user transaction terminal to allow a user to perform asset transaction; the asset entry equipment verifies the assets required to enter the asset transaction system, judges whether the assets are in compliance or not, generates asset item information when the assets are in compliance and enters the asset transaction system, wherein the asset item information comprises a hash value of a digital asset certificate of the assets and the type of the assets; the distributed accounting network comprises a plurality of accounting nodes which are connected point to point and respectively store transaction data information general ledgers which are synchronous in data and based on a block chain database; the asset transaction system supports the mutual transaction of at least two different types of assets;

the user transaction end comprises a seller transaction end and a buyer transaction end which are used for realizing the following steps:

the seller transaction end is used for issuing asset selling information;

the buyer transaction end is used for receiving the asset selling information and verifying whether the asset selling information can be purchased, and if so, sending a transaction request to the seller transaction end;

the seller transaction end receives the transaction request and electronically signs the transaction to approve the transaction;

the buyer transaction end electronically signs the transaction to permit the transaction;

the seller transaction end and the buyer transaction end respectively verify whether the electronic signature of the other party is correct, and if the electronic signature of the other party is correct, the buyer transaction end or the seller transaction end sends transaction information to the transaction supervision equipment; the transaction supervision device verifies whether the transaction is in compliance, if the transaction is verified to be in compliance, the transaction supervision device verifies the transaction in compliance, the transaction supervision device sends transaction data information to the accounting node, and the accounting node records the transaction into the block chain and broadcasts the transaction.

Preferably, the asset transaction system stores asset item information into the blockchain to confirm the time of existence of the hash value of the digital asset certificate for the asset.

Preferably, for assets having a statutory regulatory authority or an issuing authority, the asset entry device correspondingly authenticates whether the digital asset certificate is in compliance by confirming whether the digital asset certificate is authenticated by the statutory regulatory authority or the issuing authority.

Preferably, the distributed accounting network selects the accounting node generating the new block by using a rights and interests proving mechanism or a proxy rights and interests proving mechanism.

Preferably, the assets in the transaction system at least comprise a system coin, and the system coin is used for paying transaction fees paid to the asset transaction system when in transaction.

Preferably, the asset comprises a system coin issued by the asset transaction system for paying a transaction fee to the asset transaction system at the time of the transaction.

Preferably, the assets are divided into divisible assets and inseparable assets, the divisible assets can be overlapped and combined with each other, and the inseparable assets cannot be overlapped and combined; each type of indivisible asset occupies an asset address for each asset individually.

Preferably, when the user account receives a new indivisible asset, the accounting node checks whether the asset is already in the address of the asset of the type in the user account, and if not, the asset is registered to the address; if so, a new address is generated and the asset is registered to the new address.

Preferably, the system further comprises a transaction supervision device, wherein the transaction supervision device verifies whether the transaction is in compliance.

Preferably, the transaction supervision device monitors the transaction data in the blockchain database and judges whether the transaction data is in compliance after the transaction is completed.

Preferably, the transaction supervision device verifies whether the transaction is compliant before the transaction is recorded in the blockchain database, and terminates the transaction if the transaction is not compliant.

Preferably, the asset transaction system includes an intelligent contract interface to access the customized transaction contract rules of the external system.

Preferably, the transaction data information includes multiple signatures, and the transaction is successful only when the signature condition predefined by the transaction rule is satisfied.

Preferably, the transaction data information includes a hash value of the asset, input/output information of the buyer, an electronic signature of the buyer, input/output information of the seller, and an electronic signature of the seller; and the transaction is successful only if both the buyer and seller provide the electronic signature.

The invention also provides a digital authentication method of the assets, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a digital asset certificate of an asset; submitting an asset issuance request to an asset transaction system; the asset transaction system is connected with the user transaction terminal to allow the user to perform asset transaction; the asset entry equipment verifies whether the asset is in compliance; if the digital asset certificate is in compliance, the asset entry equipment generates asset information, and the asset information comprises a digital asset certificate hash value of the digital asset certificate; storing the asset information in a blockchain database to obtain a proof of presence of the asset;

the seller transaction end is used for issuing asset selling information;

Preferably, the step of obtaining a proof of presence of the asset comprises the sub-steps of: generating an initial transaction for the asset, assigning the asset to an asset owner; the initial transaction data is stored into a blockchain database.

Preferably, verifying that the asset is compliant comprises the steps of: and confirming whether the digital asset certificate is authenticated by a legal supervision agency or an issuing agency, and correspondingly authenticating whether the digital asset certificate is in compliance.

The invention also provides a digital transaction method of the assets, which comprises the following steps: receiving transaction data information of both transaction parties from a user transaction end; transmitting the transaction data information to a distributed accounting network based on a block chain technology; the accounting node confirms the type of the assets in transaction and judges the attribute of the assets in the type as divisible or inseparable; if the property of the asset is divisible, the accounting node registers the asset into a receiving address of the asset of the type in an account of the asset receiving party; if the asset attribute is not distinguishable, the accounting node checks whether the address of the type of asset is occupied in the account of the asset receiver, and if the address is occupied, a new asset address is generated and the asset is registered in the new asset address; if not, registering the assets into the original asset address; the user transaction end comprises a seller transaction end and a buyer transaction end which are used for realizing the following steps:

the seller transaction end is used for issuing asset selling information;

Preferably, before sending the transaction data information to the accounting node, the following steps are further included: and verifying whether the asset transaction is in compliance, and if not, terminating the transaction.

Preferably, the distributed accounting network determines the current accounting node generating the new block based on a equity certification algorithm or a proxy equity certification algorithm.

Preferably, in the transaction, at least one of the parties to the transaction pays a transaction fee to the asset transaction system, the transaction fee being independent of the asset being transacted.

Preferably, the transaction fee is paid in a system currency issued by the asset transaction system.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the block chain technology and the digital identity identification technology of the assets, the transaction system of the invention realizes decentralized and trustable rapid transaction of various assets, ensures the authenticity, uniqueness and safety of the circulating assets and can avoid the flooding of illegal transactions. By setting the independent system currency as the transaction fee to pay the currency, the value loss of the assets in circulation can not be generated. By dividing assets into both re-partitionable and non-re-partitionable assets and setting address rules separately, assets of all types can be transacted and co-exist in a user account without conflict.

Drawings

The technical problems, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention described above will be clearly understood from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

The same reference numbers and symbols in the drawings and the description are used to indicate the same or equivalent elements.

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an asset authentication flow diagram of one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of buyer transaction data in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of vendor transaction data structure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an asset transaction flow diagram of one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is an asset registration flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

1 network

2 transaction supervision device

3 asset entry device

4 transaction terminal

6 accounting node

7 distributed accounting network

21 buyer transaction data

22 seller transaction data

Detailed Description

The following detailed description and technical contents of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the accompanying drawings only provide references and explanations, and do not limit the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1. The present embodiment provides traceable certification for current ownership of an asset. It utilizes digital signature technology, public and private key encryption technology, an asset tag system, and a verification device to obtain transaction information related to the asset. In this embodiment, the transactions of the asset transaction system are recorded, each transaction is locked in the blockchain database, the transaction data information includes a hash value of a digital asset certificate of the asset generated by using a hash algorithm, and the blockchain records summary information of the current transaction and the historical transaction of the asset in a transaction chain manner, so as to finally guide the transaction of the earliest asset.

By employing a key mechanism (public/private key pair). The associated account of the trading system may verify the ownership change of the asset. Briefly, this embodiment uses asymmetric key technology, and cryptographic based algorithms, each account has two independent keys, one is a public key and the other is a private key, which are mathematically related, the public key is used to encrypt a piece of information or verify a digital signature; the private key is used to decrypt the information and create a digital signature. The public key cannot be inferred to obtain the private key, so the public key can be published without worrying about the security of the asset. However, the private key must be kept in good care and must not be revealed. The message is verified by processing a piece of information with a private key to obtain a digital signature, and then anyone can use the public key to verify whether the signature belongs to a signer and is not tampered.

By employing a hash-based file uniqueness identification technique, the transaction system provides proof of presence for the asset. The source, authenticity, uniqueness and security of the asset, transaction information, time, etc. are well documented. The hash algorithm is capable of converting an electronic data into a shorter digest, called the hash value of the electronic data, and any minor alteration of the original data causes the hash value to change. The hash value can be generated only in one direction, that is, the corresponding hash value can be calculated from the raw data, but the raw electronic data cannot be reversely calculated from the hash value.

FIG. 1 illustrates a system framework diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. The system provides a digitized asset transaction system. The trading system of the embodiment can realize trading of various assets. Assets that can be traded on a trading system include vehicles, real estate, large commodities, equities, artwork, and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the system comprises an asset entry device 3, a transaction supervision device 2, a distributed accounting network 7, and several transaction terminals 4. A distributed accounting network 5 comprises a plurality of point-to-point connected accounting points 6. In this embodiment, the accounting node 6, the asset entry device 3, the transaction supervision device 2 and the transaction terminal 4 are interconnected via the network 1. Of course, in some specific scenarios of the system, some nodes may be connected in other manners, for example, two transaction terminals 4 may be connected in a point-to-point communication manner such as bluetooth during the transaction process.

An asset trading system supports the mutual trading of at least two different types of assets.

A plurality of accounting nodes 6 form a distributed point-to-point accounting network. Accounting node 6 uses blockchain techniques to achieve decentralized, trusted recording of transactions. In short, a chain database formed by connecting a plurality of blocks end to end according to a generated time sequence is called a block chain, each block stores a plurality of transaction records, and the sum of the blocks is: the complete blockchain becomes the general ledger for all transactions in the transaction system. As transactions continue to occur, a billing node will record transactions that occur after the most recently generated chunk, generate new chunks, link to the top of the chunk chain, and include the hash value of the previous chunk in each new chunk, thereby ensuring that historical transaction data is not tampered with, since once any data in any chunk is tampered with, all subsequent chunks need to recalculate the hash value. After a new block is generated by the specific accounting node 6, the new block is broadcasted to the whole network, and the other accounting nodes 6 synchronize the new block to the block chain stored by themselves, so that each accounting node 6 in the distributed accounting network 7 stores a complete block chain database, namely, the general ledger of all transaction data.

In the embodiment, by increasing the block output speed and the single block capacity, the transaction processing capacity of the transaction system is increased, and more than thousand transactions can be processed per second.

In other alternative embodiments, the system may also employ a rights and interests attestation mechanism (POS), a proxy rights and interests attestation mechanism (DPOS), etc. as the mechanism for selecting the node to generate the new block.

The asset entry device 3 is used for checking the asset entering the asset transaction system for the first time and entering the information of the asset, so that the authenticity, uniqueness and safety of the asset are guaranteed. The asset entry equipment verifies the assets required to enter the asset transaction system, judges whether the assets are in compliance, generates asset item information when the assets are in compliance and enters the asset transaction system, wherein the asset item information comprises the hash value of the digital asset certificate of the assets and the types of the assets.

There are differences in the items and processes examined, depending on the properties of the asset itself.

Assets can be divided into divisible (funnible) assets and non-divisible (non-funnible) assets by their divisibility in a transaction. The divisible assets can be divided into a plurality of shares in the asset transaction system, and each share can be traded independently; whereas the indivisible assets can only be traded in their entirety. Divisible assets include stocks, valuable art, such as a drawing worth one hundred million dollars, etc., and indivisible assets include cars, real estate, individual commodities, common calligraphy and painting, such as a drawing worth several thousand dollars, etc. According to the legal status of an asset, the asset can be classified into a legal asset which requires a legal organization to monitor or permit its production and circulation, and a general asset which does not require a legal organization to monitor or permit its production and circulation. Legal assets include real estate, etc., and common assets such as calligraphy and painting, etc. Assets can be divided into physical assets and financial assets according to their physical form of existence. Physical assets include real estate, bulk goods, artwork, and the like; financial assets include equity shares, and the like.

As a first step in entering the asset transaction system, the asset entry device 3 first provides proof of Presence (POE) for a digital asset certificate for the asset. In the presence certification, the asset entry device 3 processes the digital asset certificate by using the hash algorithm, and obtains a hash value of the digital asset certificate. Any modification to the original file will cause the hash value of the new file to change, so that the hash value can prove the authenticity and uniqueness of the electronic file. Meanwhile, in order to prove the existence time of the electronic file, namely the electronic file already exists at a certain time, the asset entry device 3 also stores the asset related information and the hash value in the blockchain database, since the blockchain constructs blocks according to the time sequence and the historical data cannot be tampered, the hash value of the electronic file is stored in a certain block of the blockchain, namely the time generated at the block at the latest can be proved, the electronic file already exists, and if the time of uploading the asset related information and the hash value to the system is recorded, the existence time of the electronic file can be more accurate.

In this embodiment, the certificate of existence of the asset, i.e., the hash of the asset-related information and the digital asset certificate, is entered into the blockchain in the form of a transaction. That is, an original transaction is generated in which an asset is assigned to its owner, and transaction information is stored in a block chain, so that a record exists in the block chain that a real and unique asset belongs to a specific owner at a specific time, and the record is difficult to tamper with.

In this embodiment, the asset transaction system itself builds accounting nodes and generates a block chain, and records transaction data. In other alternative embodiments, the transaction system may not own the blockchain, but may record the transaction data in a public blockchain or a federation blockchain.

In this embodiment, for the aforementioned legal assets requiring official certification, the asset entry device verifies that the asset's digital asset certificate is officially issued and up-to-date. That is, for assets with a statutory regulatory authority or an issuing authority, the asset entry device checks whether the digital asset certificate is in compliance by confirming whether the digital asset certificate is authenticated by the statutory regulatory authority or the issuing authority.

The manner of checking may be various, for example, by cryptographically verifying that the digital asset certificate carries an official electronic signature; or, after receiving the digital asset certificate, connecting to an official device, and inquiring whether the information and the ownership of the asset are consistent with the digital asset certificate; alternatively, the asset transaction system may only receive digital asset certificates sent directly by the officer, and so on.

The transaction escrow device 2 of fig. 1 is described below. The transaction policing device 2 is used to verify that a transaction is in compliance. In one embodiment, the transaction policing device 2 uses a prior verification mode, i.e. verifies the transaction before it is completed, confirms it by recording transaction data to the blockchain if it is compliant, and does not record and confirm it if it is not compliant. According to different rule designs, the unconfirmed transaction is cancelled in different modes, for example, the transaction can be cancelled immediately, and the assets are returned to the original owner; or reminding both parties of the transaction to modify the transaction by themselves so that the parties can be in compliance or cancel the transaction, and the like. In another embodiment, the transaction supervision device adopts a post-verification mode, i.e. both transaction parties can freely trade and can record in the blockchain without the confirmation of a third party, but the transaction data can be monitored and checked by the transaction supervision device 2.

For example, the embodiment may set a monitoring interface connected with an external monitoring mechanism on the transaction system, and may access an external monitoring program, thereby effectively preventing some illegal transactions.

Through the supervision interface, related supervision departments of the asset transaction system can monitor transactions in the block chain database and asset information in the block chain database in real time, such as the hash value of a digital asset certificate, so that the flow condition of the asset can be known, and an alarm can be given out immediately when some abnormal conditions occur according to preset early warning conditions. The supervision department can also monitor the property change condition of a certain class or a certain asset or the property change condition of a certain individual or organization at fixed points. For example, if a single asset, such as the current ownership of a property, needs to be obtained, the hash value of the asset is first obtained by querying; then traversing all transactions in the block chain, searching for the latest transaction containing the hash value, searching for the receiving address of the transaction from the transaction data, and finding out the current owner of the asset according to the receiving address.

It is noted that in some embodiments, the transaction supervision device 2 need not be separately provided on the hardware, and may share the hardware of the accounting node 7 or asset entry device 2, e.g. the accounting node 6 first confirms whether the transaction is in compliance before confirming the transaction.

The transaction end 4 of fig. 1 is described below. The transaction terminal 4 can display the asset information of the user account, inquire the assets and market conditions in sale, perform transaction to sell or buy the assets, and keep the public key, the private key, the user account address and the like of the user. The transaction terminal can be a personal computer, a mobile intelligent device, a special transaction terminal and the like. Typically, a user uses a transaction end to check asset information and quotation, if purchasing is decided, the transaction end is operated to initiate transaction, a transaction request is sent to the transaction end of an asset owner, the asset owner agrees to the transaction through the transaction end, the transaction occurs, transaction data is sent to the transaction monitoring device 2, after the transaction monitoring device 2 passes verification, the transaction data is sent to a bookkeeping point 6, a newly generated block is recorded, the block is recorded in a block chain, and the transaction is officially confirmed. It is noted that in order to ensure non-tamper-ability of transaction data, in some block-chaining schemes, several blocks need to be regenerated after a specific block of transaction data storage, i.e. after the specific block has a certain depth, the transaction party is considered as a formal confirmation.

Referring to fig. 2, a process of asset authentication and entering into a transaction system (hereinafter referred to as an asset authentication process) will be described below by taking an automobile as an example. In the present flow, the hash value of the digital asset certificate of the asset is recorded into the blockchain, thereby completing the proof of Presence (POE).

As shown in the figure, the process is divided into three stages, namely, registering the assets, namely initiating a request for inputting the specific assets to a transaction system; secondly, inputting asset information, namely inputting the information of the asset into a trading system, so as to establish the asset project in the trading system; and thirdly, storing the block chain, namely obtaining the existence certification of the asset by storing the asset information into the block chain.

In the first phase, as in step A001, the asset authentication process is initiated.

Step a002, the asset owner obtains the digital asset certificate of the asset.

Taking a car as an example, the property owner needs to apply the digital property certificate to the car administration. And the vehicle administration bureau verifies the identity and the vehicle information of the asset owner, and sends the digital asset certificate after the ownership of the vehicle is correct. The digital asset certificate may be issued by different assets, such as by different manufacturers for specific products, such as cell phones, handicrafts, power tools, robots, etc. The issuer of the digital asset certificate of the local specialty is the local industry association organization or the like. The digital asset certificate contains basic information of the asset, such as asset name, attributes, serial number, origin, quantity, size, manufacturer information, etc., which vary from asset to asset. The digital asset certificate may also include a cryptographic-based electronic signature of the issuer for any party that needs to verify the asset querier to confirm its authenticity, origin, etc.

In the case of gold, the owner of the asset needs to mortgage the gold entity or authentic certificate against an organization authorized by the transaction system in exchange for a digital asset certificate of a substantial amount of gold provided by the organization. The generation process of the digital asset certificate of the works of art such as calligraphy and painting is similar and is not repeated.

Step a003, the property owner submits a request for issuance of the property to the property entry device 3.

If the property owner originally had an account with the property entry device 3, a request for property issuance is submitted to the property entry device 3 on behalf of the account. If the asset owner does not have an asset trading system account, to trade on the asset trading system for the first time, it is necessary to first register an account and then submit an asset issuance request. Depending on the laws and regulations in the various countries and regions, and the properties of the assets, the account may be real-name or anonymous. And when the account is generated, the property owner selects a private key according to the own mode and generates a corresponding public key and an account address.

In step a004, the asset entry device 3 requests asset information from the asset owner, specifically, the asset entry device 3 sends an electronic form to the asset owner, where the electronic form includes various information required for creating an asset project, such as asset name, type, attribute, and the like, and the electronic form generates different projects to be filled according to the type and the attribute. For example, the asset information of an automobile may include the automobile brand, model, displacement, frame number, engine number, manufacturer, etc., in addition to the digital asset certificate. The asset information such as stocks may also include stock quantities, last traded transaction prices, etc.

In this step, the asset entry device 3 may also require the asset owner to upload asset-related attachments, such as a digital asset certificate, a photograph of an asset or asset certificate file, and the like.

The second phase is then entered, step a105, where the property owner submits the property information required by the property entry device.

Step a106, the asset entry device 3 authenticates whether the asset is compliant.

In a different scenario, the asset entry device 3 may itself have the capability of authenticating the asset. Asset information may also need to be sent to a third party for verification.

Taking an automobile as an example, in one embodiment, the asset entry device 3 sends the digital asset certificate of the automobile to a third party, i.e., a vehicle management verification device, for verification. After receiving the asset verification request and the digital asset certificate, the vehicle management unit confirms the authenticity of the asset and the ownership thereof through the flow of the vehicle management unit, and then returns the verification result to the asset entry device 3. In another embodiment, the asset entry device 3 authenticates itself. The asset entry device 3 has a property verification public key provided by the vehicle administration and the digital asset certificate of the property is signed by the administration office. Then, the asset entry device 3 can confirm whether the vehicle information is authentic only by verifying whether the electronic signature is authentic using the public key.

If the verification result is no, the property owner cannot prove the authenticity of the property or the authenticity of the property right, the property entry device 1 rejects the property issuance request, as by step a 007.

If the verification result is yes, the asset entry device 1 generates a corresponding asset item on the transaction system, as in step a 008.

The process then advances to a third stage where the asset item is issued in the trading system to deposit the asset item into the blockchain. In this process, the issue of assets is the way the transaction system generates an initial transaction for the asset, injects the asset into the transaction system, distributes it to the owner of the asset, and completes the proof of Presence (POE) of the asset.

To release assets, the asset entry device 3 generates standard asset items. The asset entry device 3 assigns assets with asset IDs, asset attributes, asset digital asset certificate hashes, asset owners, asset descriptions, etc. The asset entry device 1 assigns assets attributes, for example, re-writable assets or non-re-writable assets, to the assets according to the type of asset. Attributes may also be hierarchical, for example secondary attributes such as stocks, funds, artwork, etc. may be redistributed under the re-assignable assets. The attributes may also be tag structures, i.e., assigning a plurality of unrelated attributes to an asset, such as a sub-divisible asset, a high value asset, a physical asset, etc.

The asset entry device 3 generates an initial transaction of the asset, sending the asset to the address of the asset owner, as step a 009. And includes in the transaction data a locking script generated by the asset owner's public key that can only be unlocked by the asset owner's private key. After the transaction is generated, the transaction is sent to the transaction supervision device.

The transaction supervision device 2 verifies the transaction as step S010. The transaction policing device 2 verifies that the transaction is in compliance. However, in the present flow, since the asset itself has already been authenticated in step a006, there is usually no case where the authentication fails.

After the verification is passed, the transaction is broadcast to the network, as in step a 011.

In step a012, each accounting node 6 receives the transaction. And the accounting node with the accounting authority at the current moment of the asset transaction system checks the transaction data, confirms that the format is correct and the transaction data is verified to pass, and records the transaction into a newly generated block in the block chain. And broadcasting the block to the whole network, and updating the block chain to be consistent with the accounting node after other nodes receive the broadcast.

The asset authentication process ends as in step a 013. The asset enters the transaction system and is distributed into the account of the asset owner and, in the form of a transaction, the hash of the digital asset certificate is recorded to the blockchain at a particular time, thereby completing the proof of presence of the asset.

The following describes a transaction flow of an authenticated asset in a transaction system with reference to fig. 3 to 6.

The process includes three stages. Firstly, requesting transaction, namely carrying out transaction intention communication between a buyer and a seller of the transaction; secondly, carrying out transaction, namely carrying out bidirectional exchange on respective assets of the buyer and the seller; and thirdly, confirming the transaction, namely, the transaction system confirms the transaction in a mode of storing transaction data into the block chain.

In the first phase, step A100, a transaction is initiated.

In step A101, the seller transaction end issues asset sale information. The asset sale information includes asset item information, last transaction ID, sale price, electronic signature of seller, etc. The seller can directly send selling information to a specific main body in a point-to-point mode; the sales information may also be broadcast into the network.

In step A102, the buyer transaction end receives the asset selling information.

If the potential buyer has the intent to purchase, then it is verified whether the asset is available for purchase, as in step A103. Specifically, in step a103, the buyer client verifies the authenticity of the asset sale information. Including verifying whether the seller's electronic signature is true via the seller's public key, querying the blockchain for the presence of the asset based on the last transaction ID and verifying whether the asset's latest ownership status belongs to the seller, etc. The buyer client may also verify that the own account balance is sufficient.

If the verification is not passed, step A104 is entered and the transaction is terminated.

If the verification is passed and the buyer decides to buy, the buyer transaction end sends a transaction request to the seller transaction end, as in step A105. The transaction request includes information on the asset item desired to be purchased, the buyer's account address, etc. Similarly, the buyer transaction terminal 4 may send the transaction request to the seller transaction terminal 4 point-to-point, or may send the transaction request to the seller transaction terminal 4 in a network broadcast manner.

In one embodiment, the buyer may make a new quote or other request in the transaction request, pass the transaction request if the seller agrees, and reject the transaction request if not.

If the seller passes the transaction request, the transaction is formally generated. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the transaction data includes buyer transaction data 21 and seller transaction data 22, and a transaction ID, etc. The buyer transaction data 21 includes input and output of a buyer, and the seller transaction data includes output of a seller, etc.

Of course, in other embodiments, the buyer may purchase the seller's asset as another asset of its own.

At the same time, the asset transaction system charges the transaction for a transaction fee. The transaction fee is collected in the form of a system coin. The system currency is issued by the transaction system through certain rules. Of course, in some embodiments, the system currency may also be exchanged with other assets. The transaction fee is provided for providing the fee required for maintaining the sustainable operation of the asset-based transaction system, and meanwhile, the transaction cost is certain, so that a large amount of meaningless transactions are avoided, and malicious attack behaviors are prevented.

In this embodiment, the transaction fee is charged in terms of the number of bytes of the transaction data amount, for example, 0.1 system currency per kilobyte. In other alternative embodiments, the transaction fee may also be charged in accordance with a target amount of the transaction, such as in one thousandth of the transaction amount, and so forth. Other rules for charging transaction fees are also possible and will not be described in detail.

In this embodiment, both parties to the transaction, i.e., the buyer and seller, pay transaction fees to the asset transaction system. However, in other alternative embodiments, only the buyer or only the seller may pay the transaction fee, or both the buyer and the seller may negotiate the payment of the transaction fee.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the buyer's input includes a first input for purchasing assets for sale and a second input for the system currency for payment of the transaction fee; both the first input and the second input are from the buyer's account. The buyer's output includes a first output and a second output. The first output is output to the seller's account address and the second output is output to the transaction fee receipt address of the transaction system. Similarly, the buyer submits an electronic signature generated by its own private key in the transaction data to indicate that the buyer authorizes the transfer of the input to the output address. Other interested parties may verify that the electronic signature is authentic using the buyer's public key.

Referring to FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the seller's inputs include a third input of the asset to be sold and a fourth input of the system coin for payment of the transaction fee; the third input and the fourth input are from an account of the seller. The seller's output includes a third output, output to the buyer's account address; and a fourth output to the transaction fee receipt address of the transaction system. The seller also submits an electronic signature generated by its own private key in the transaction data to indicate that the seller authorizes the transfer of the input to the output address. Other interested parties may use the seller's public key to verify that the electronic signature is authentic.

With continued reference to FIG. 5, upon entering the second phase, the seller electronically signs the transaction after the transaction is generated, as in step A106, to pre-approve the transfer of the asset to the buyer and the transaction fee to the asset transaction system.

It should be noted that the contract for a transaction specifies that the transaction must be completed after both parties have signed, so that only the signature of the seller, the asset is not actually transferred.

As in step a107, after the transaction is generated, the buyer electronically signs the transaction to pre-approve the transfer of the asset to the seller and the transaction fee to the asset transaction system. It should be noted that there is no sequential requirement for step a106 and step a107, and either party signs first, or both may be possible.

Subsequently, in step a108 and step a109, the transaction ends of both parties respectively verify the electronic signatures of the other party, if the electronic signature verification of any party fails, the process goes to step a104 or a110, and the transaction is terminated.

If the verification of both transaction ends is successful, enter the third phase, as step a111, the buyer transaction end sends transaction information to the transaction supervision device 3. But it is possible that the transaction information is sent by either party.

Subsequently, in step a112, taking the vehicle as an example, the transaction managing apparatus 2 may verify whether the buyer is qualified for vehicle purchase, the vehicle purchase qualification being set according to the national and regional regulatory policies. The transaction escrow device may also verify that the vehicle is legitimate, e.g., passes annual inspections, is a compliant vehicle in the region, etc. The verification mode of the transaction supervision device may also be different according to the type of the asset, and is not described in detail.

If the transaction supervision device 2 verifies that the transaction is not compliant, the flow proceeds to step a113, the transaction is terminated, and the inputs and outputs of the transaction are rolled back to the original state.

If the verification is passed, the transaction supervision device 2 verifies the transaction compliance, the flow proceeds to step a114, the transaction supervision device 2 sends the transaction data information to the accounting node 6, and the accounting node 6 logs the transaction in the block chain and broadcasts. In this embodiment the transaction policing device 2 broadcasts transaction data information to all accounting nodes 6, however only the particular accounting node 6 currently specified by the rules generates a new block and records the transaction.

After step A114, the transaction is formally completed, as in step A115.

As in fig. 6, the accounting node needs to register the purchased assets in the appropriate address. Upon receipt of the transaction information, the particular accounting node 6 allocates the asset to the appropriate address in the buyer's account. In this embodiment, as previously described, a plurality of assets can be traded on the asset trading system, each asset having a corresponding address for storage in the user account. For the re-dividable assets, since a plurality of assets are stackable, an address can be set for each type of asset, and after a new asset is imported into the address, the number of assets is changed to the sum of the number of newly imported assets and the number of existing assets. However, for non-separable assets, since the assets are not stackable, a separate address needs to be assigned to each asset, otherwise, new assets are imported into the addresses of existing old assets, data collision occurs, and only one of the new assets and the old assets can be reserved.

In this embodiment, the assets are divisible or inseparable as determined or audited by the trading system. In one arrangement, the trading system has a positive list of partitionable assets, the asset type belonging to the positive list is then designated as partitionable assets by the trading system, and otherwise designated as inseparable assets. This avoids the problem of confusion after some assets that are virtually inseparable are mistakenly defined as divisible assets. For example, the front inventory may include a large number of goods, stocks, funds, etc. In another scenario, the asset's separable and inseparable attributes are applied by the asset owner and reviewed by the trading system.

Therefore, in the flow of this embodiment, as shown in step a301, after being started, the flow proceeds to step a302, and after receiving the transaction data information, the accounting node 6 first detects the attribute of the asset, and determines whether the asset is a re-writable asset or a non-re-writable asset.

If the property of the asset is separable, step a306 is executed to register the asset to the address of the asset in the buyer's account, such as the address of a certain stock, the address of gold, etc.

If the property of the property is not discriminable, step A303 is entered, and the accounting node 6 checks if the address of the buyer's property is null. Taking the car as an example, it is checked whether the car address of the buyer's account already has an asset present.

If the check result is no, that is, there is no asset in the address of the asset, step a306 is entered to register the asset to the address of the asset in the buyer's account.

If the checking result is yes, that is, the asset is already in the address of the class of assets, step a304 is entered, a new asset address is generated, and the asset is registered in the address. Taking a vehicle as an example, a second vehicle address is generated, and a newly purchased property is registered in the second vehicle address.

Subsequently, as in step A305, the transaction is completed after the asset successfully logs into the buyer's address. The accounting node stores the transaction data information into the latest block, fixes the block chain and broadcasts to the whole network.

In an alternative embodiment, the above-described asset address determination may be performed by the buyer transaction side.

In another embodiment of the invention, in order to further improve mutual trust of two transaction parties and promote transaction amount, the transaction system adopts a multiple signature mechanism and introduces a neutral third party as an arbitrator of the transaction. That is, multiple signatures are included in the transaction data information, and the transaction is successful only if signature conditions predefined by the transaction rules are satisfied.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the transaction requires a common signature of the buyer, seller and third party for final confirmation. When the two parties of the transaction conflict, the third party arbitrates to ensure the transaction fairness.

In another embodiment of the invention, the asset transaction system includes an intelligent contract interface to implement intelligent contract functionality. Specifically, the asset transaction system comprises an intelligent contract interface which can be connected with an external system, and meanwhile, a system operator also provides a development tool for external development of self-customized contract rules.

In another embodiment of the invention, in order to avoid the user from accidentally losing the private key and losing the property right of disposal, the lost person can report the property back to the official, for example, the lost person provides the details of the latest transaction to the related party, and the related law proves that the lost person is the holder of the property and the private key, and the related party audits the private key after passing the reissue according to the provided materials.

Claims

1. A digitized decentralized asset transaction system, characterized by: the system comprises asset entry equipment, a distributed accounting network and transaction supervision equipment, wherein the asset transaction system is connected with a user transaction terminal to allow a user to perform asset transaction; the transaction supervision device verifies whether the transaction is compliant; the assets are divided into separable assets which can be mutually overlapped and inseparable assets which can not be mutually overlapped, and each inseparable asset independently occupies an asset address;

the asset entry equipment verifies the assets required to enter the asset transaction system, judges whether the assets are in compliance or not, generates asset item information when the assets are in compliance and enters the asset transaction system, wherein the asset item information comprises a hash value of a digital asset certificate of the assets and the type of the assets;

the distributed accounting network comprises a plurality of accounting nodes, and the accounting nodes respectively store mutually synchronous transaction data based on a block chain;

the asset transaction system supports the mutual transaction of at least two different types of assets;

the seller transaction end is used for issuing asset selling information;

2. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the asset transaction system stores asset item information into a blockchain to provide proof of presence of the asset.

3. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: for assets that have a statutory regulatory authority or an issuing authority, the asset entry device authenticates whether the digital asset certificate is in compliance by confirming whether it is certified by the statutory regulatory authority or the issuing authority.

4. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the distributed accounting network adopts a rights and interests proving mechanism or an agent rights and interests proving mechanism to select accounting nodes for generating new blocks.

5. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the assets in the transaction system at least comprise system coins, and the system coins are used for paying transaction fees paid to the asset transaction system when in transaction.

6. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the asset comprises a system coin issued by the asset transaction system for paying a transaction fee to the asset transaction system at the time of a transaction.

7. The asset transaction system of claim 5, wherein: when a user account receives a new undistributed asset, the accounting node checks whether the asset exists in the address of the asset of the type in the user account, and if not, the asset is registered to the address; if so, a new address is generated and the asset is registered to the new address.

8. The asset transaction system of claim 7, wherein: and after the transaction is completed, the transaction supervision equipment monitors the transaction data in the blockchain database and judges whether the data are in compliance.

9. The asset transaction system of claim 8, wherein: and the transaction supervision equipment verifies whether the transaction is in compliance before the transaction is recorded in the blockchain database, and if the transaction is not in compliance, the transaction is terminated.

10. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the asset transaction system includes an intelligent contract interface to access customized transaction contract rules of an external system.

11. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the transaction data information comprises multiple signatures, and the transaction is successful only when the signature conditions predefined by the transaction rules are met.

12. The asset transaction system of claim 1, wherein: the transaction data information comprises a digital asset certificate hash value of the asset, input and output information of a buyer, an electronic signature of the buyer, input and output information of a seller and an electronic signature of the seller; and the transaction is successful only if both the buyer and seller provide the electronic signature.

13. A method for decentralized digital authentication of an asset, comprising the steps of:

acquiring a digital asset certificate of an asset; the assets are divided into separable assets which can be mutually overlapped and inseparable assets which can not be mutually overlapped, and each inseparable asset independently occupies an asset address;

submitting an asset issuance request to an asset transaction system; the asset transaction system is connected with the user transaction terminal to allow the user to perform asset transaction;

the asset entry equipment verifies whether the asset is in compliance;

if the digital asset certificate is in compliance, the asset entry equipment generates asset information, and the asset information comprises a hash value of the digital asset certificate;

storing the asset information in a blockchain to obtain a proof of presence of the asset, verifying that the asset is compliant comprising the steps of:

confirming whether the digital asset certificate is authenticated by a legal supervision authority or an issuing authority and correspondingly authenticating whether the digital asset certificate is in compliance;

the seller transaction end is used for issuing asset selling information;

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the method further comprises: the step of obtaining a proof of presence of the asset comprises the sub-steps of:

generating an initial transaction for the asset, assigning the asset to an asset owner;

the initial transaction data is stored into the blockchain.

15. A method for decentralized digital trading of assets, comprising the steps of:

receiving transaction data information of both transaction parties from a user transaction end;

sending the transaction data information to a distributed accounting network based on the blockchain;

before the transaction data information is sent to the accounting node, verifying whether the asset transaction is in compliance, and if not, terminating the transaction;

the accounting node confirms the type of the assets in transaction and judges the attribute of the assets in the type as divisible or inseparable; if the property of the asset is divisible, the accounting node registers the asset into a receiving address of the asset of the type in an account of the asset receiving party;

if the asset attribute is not distinguishable, the accounting node checks whether the address of the type of asset is occupied in the account of the asset receiver, and if the address is occupied, a new asset address is generated and the asset is registered in the new asset address; if not, registering the assets into the original asset address;

the seller transaction end is used for issuing asset selling information;

16. The method of digitally trading an asset according to claim 15, wherein: the distributed accounting network determines the current accounting node generating the new block based on the equity certification algorithm or the proxy equity certification algorithm.

17. The method of digitally trading an asset according to claim 15, wherein: in the transaction, at least one party of the transaction pays a transaction fee to the asset transaction system, wherein the transaction fee is independent of the traded asset.

18. The method of digitally trading an asset according to claim 17, wherein: the transaction fee is paid in a system currency issued by the asset transaction system.