CN105628506A - Rock fracture simulation sample and preparation method thereof, as well as simulation test device and simulation test method - Google Patents
Rock fracture simulation sample and preparation method thereof, as well as simulation test device and simulation test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105628506A CN105628506A CN201511028563.2A CN201511028563A CN105628506A CN 105628506 A CN105628506 A CN 105628506A CN 201511028563 A CN201511028563 A CN 201511028563A CN 105628506 A CN105628506 A CN 105628506A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock fracture simulation sample and a preparation method thereof, as well as a simulation test device and a simulation test method and belongs to the technical field of rock simulation tests. The simulation sample comprises a body and a fracturing fluid injection pipe, wherein a blind hole is formed by taking one end surface of the body as a start point; the fracturing fluid injection pipe is fixedly connected with the wall of the blind hole; an accommodating space is reserved between the bottommost end of the fracturing fluid injection pipe and the bottommost end of the blind hole. The simulation sample can be prepared by the preparation method. The simulation test device comprises a triaxial test apparatus, wherein the triaxial test apparatus comprises a triaxial chamber, an upper pressing head, a lower pressing head, a confining pressure oil injection mechanism, a fracturing liquid injection pump and the rock fracture simulation sample. The simulation test method is realized on the basis of the simulation test device. According to the simulation test method, vivid complex fracture seams can be formed in a rock sample, and a fracture conductivity test is performed on the basis of the fracture seams, so that the obtained rock gas pool deliverability evaluation is relatively approximate to actual evaluation data, so as to guide actual work more objectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock modelling technique field, particularly relate to a kind of rock fracture simulation sample and preparation method, this simulation test device and method.
Background technology
Along with the adjustment of global energy structure, the requirement of environmental protection is more and more higher, shale gas as a kind of efficiently, the clean energy resource of high-quality, be the optimum selection realizing low-carbon (LC) consumption. China shale gas recoverable reserves 36.08 �� 1012m3, rank first in the world; But being the clay organic substance by lithification due to shale gas reservoir and mineral mixes, although organic mass-energy enough produces the shale gas that enriches but these textures clearly space between rock is too little, and permeability is low, very bigger than conventional gas big exploitation difficulty. In order to realize high-efficiency mining, it is necessary to produce man-made fracture network by fracturing reform and could form industry production capacity. Namely by fracturing while reservoir forms one or more of major fracture, by applying the means such as segmentation many showers hole, low glutinous fracturing liquid, diverting material, it is achieved the communication to intrinsic fracture, rammell reason. In the fracture network that fracturing reform is formed, comprise the open fracture without proppant pack and shearing crack and the open fracture of proppant pack. These cracks are the important infiltration lanes of oil gas in shale reservoir, and the Size On Yield height of its flow conductivity has material impact. In shale gas reservoir recovery process, fracture condudtiviy is easily subject to the impact of reservoir stress change, shows as crack stress and closes thus causing the reduction of flow conductivity, and namely crack exists the stress sensitive effect of flow conductivity. At present, the evaluation of shale fracture condudtiviy sensitivity is less, and existing test many employings for shale reservoir flow conductivity and manually prepare the mode of shale rock beam and carry out testing research, rarely has report to adopt the true pressure-break of shale to carry out flow conductivity testing research.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of rock fracture simulation sample and preparation method, this simulation test device and method, it can be formed close to real complicated pressure-break on rock sample, the basis of this pressure-break carries out pressure-break flow conductivity test, the rock gas reservoir evaluating production capacity that can obtain is more nearly real evaluating data, this evaluating data can provide more valuable guidance for real work, thus more suitable for practicality.
In order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, the technical scheme of rock fracture provided by the invention simulation sample is as follows:
Rock fracture provided by the invention simulation sample includes body, fracturing fluid ascending pipe,
With described body end face, starting point is provided with a blind hole,
Described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is fixedly connected on described blind pore wall,
It is reserved with accommodation space between lowermost end and the described blind hole lowermost end of described fracturing fluid ascending pipe.
In order to reach above-mentioned second purpose, the technical scheme of the preparation method of rock fracture provided by the invention simulation sample is as follows:
The preparation method of rock fracture provided by the invention simulation sample comprises the following steps:
Choose the rock sample for fracture simulation test;
With one end face of described rock sample for starting point, described rock sample body drills through described blind hole;
Soluble salts substances is clogged so that described soluble salts substances fills up the volume of described reserved accommodation space in described blind hole;
A baffle part is placed above described soluble salts substances, described blind hole is divided into two spaces by described baffle part, being in the space bottom described baffle part is described reserved accommodation space, and the space being in described baffle part top is fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section;
Described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is positioned over described fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section, due to the diameter of fracturing fluid installing section described in the external diameter < of described fracturing fluid ascending pipe so that between described fracturing fluid ascending pipe and described fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section, there is annular space;
Binding agent is injected so that described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is fixed together by described binding agent and described blind pore wall in described annular space;
Inject, in described reserved accommodation space, the solvent that described soluble salts substances can be dissolved so that described soluble salts substances forms solution completely through described baffle part;
Described solution is extracted out in described reserved space;
Obtain described rock fracture simulation sample.
In order to reach above-mentioned 3rd purpose, the technical scheme of rock fracture simulation test device provided by the invention is as follows:
Rock fracture simulation test device provided by the invention, including three-axis tester, described three-axis tester includes triaxial chamber, seaming chuck, push-down head, confined pressure oil injecting mechanism, also includes fracturing fluid injection pump, rock fracture provided by the invention simulation sample,
Described rock fracture simulation sample is installed between described seaming chuck and push-down head,
Described seaming chuck is provided with through hole, and described fracturing fluid injection pump is connected with described fracturing fluid ascending pipe by described through hole.
In order to reach above-mentioned 4th purpose, the technical scheme of rock fracture simulation experiment method provided by the invention is as follows:
Rock fracture simulation experiment method provided by the invention realizes based on rock fracture simulation test device provided by the invention, and described rock fracture simulation experiment method comprises the following steps:
Described rock fracture is simulated sample and is assembled to described three-axis tester so that described rock fracture simulation sample is between described seaming chuck and push-down head, and described fracturing fluid injection pump is connected with described fracturing fluid ascending pipe by described through hole;
In described reserved accommodation space, fracturing fluid is injected by described fracturing fluid injection pump;
Along with the increase of described fracturing fluid injection rate, described rock fracture simulation sample produces pressure-break, obtains having pressure-break sample;
Dismantle described three-axis tester and by the described sample with pressure-break;
There is described in opening the sample of pressure-break, obtain the sample with pressure-break;
Fracture surface at the described sample with pressure-break fills proppant;
The described sample with pressure-break is re-assemblied, obtains the sample with pressure-break of restructuring;
The sample with pressure-break of described restructuring is assembled to described three-axis tester so that described rock fracture simulation sample is between described seaming chuck and push-down head;
Under conditions set, in described accommodation space, permeating medium is passed into by described through hole;
Record inlet pressure and the rate of discharge of described permeating medium;
Change the pressure of confined pressure oil, in described accommodation space, pass into permeating medium again by described through hole;
Again record inlet pressure and the rate of discharge of described permeating medium;
So move in circles, until off-test.
The rock fracture simulation sample applying preparation method provided by the invention prepared includes body, fracturing fluid ascending pipe, with body end face, starting point is provided with a blind hole, fracturing fluid ascending pipe is fixedly connected on blind pore wall, is reserved with accommodation space between lowermost end and the blind hole lowermost end of fracturing fluid ascending pipe. By fracturing fluid ascending pipe to when injecting fracturing fluid in blind hole, fracturing fluid can be directly entered in accommodation space that this is reserved so that simulation sample produces close to real complicated pressure-break.
Simulate on the basis of sample at rock fracture provided by the invention, when assembling rock fracture simulation test device provided by the invention and carry out rock fracture simulation test, simulate at rock fracture provided by the invention and the basis of the pressure-break that sample produces carries out pressure-break flow conductivity test, the rock gas reservoir evaluating production capacity that can obtain is more nearly real evaluating data, and this evaluating data can provide more valuable guidance for real work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading hereafter detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefit those of ordinary skill in the art be will be clear from understanding. Accompanying drawing is only for illustrating the purpose of preferred implementation, and is not considered as limitation of the present invention. And in whole accompanying drawing, it is denoted by the same reference numerals identical parts. In the accompanying drawings:
The structural representation of the rock fracture simulation sample that accompanying drawing 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
The flow chart of steps of the preparation method of the rock fracture simulation sample that accompanying drawing 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two;
The structural representation of the rock fracture simulation test device that accompanying drawing 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three;
The flow chart of steps of the rock fracture simulation experiment method that accompanying drawing 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention four.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention solves prior art Problems existing, a kind of rock fracture simulation sample and preparation method, this simulation test device and method are provided, it can be formed close to real complicated pressure-break on rock sample, the basis of this pressure-break carries out pressure-break flow conductivity test, the rock gas reservoir evaluating production capacity that can obtain is more nearly real evaluating data, this evaluating data can provide more valuable guidance for real work, thus more suitable for practicality.
For further setting forth that the present invention reaches technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to the rock fracture simulation sample proposed according to the present invention and preparation method, this simulation test device and method, its detailed description of the invention, structure, feature and effect thereof, describe in detail as after. In the following description, what different " embodiments " or " embodiment " referred to is not necessarily same embodiment. Additionally, special characteristic in one or more embodiment, structure or feature can be combined by any suitable form.
The terms "and/or", is only a kind of incidence relation describing affiliated partner, and expression can exist three kinds of relations, such as, A and/or B, concrete is interpreted as: can include A and B simultaneously, can individualism A, it is also possible to individualism B, it is possible to possess above-mentioned three kinds of any one situations.
Embodiment one
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention one provides includes body 1, fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5, with body 1 end face, starting point is provided with a blind hole 2, fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 is fixedly connected on blind hole 2 wall, is reserved with accommodation space 3 between lowermost end and blind hole 2 lowermost end of fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5.
The rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention one provides includes body 1, fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5, with body 1 end face, starting point is provided with a blind hole 2, fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 is fixedly connected on blind hole 2 wall, is reserved with accommodation space 3 between lowermost end and blind hole 2 lowermost end of fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5. By fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 to when injecting fracturing fluid in blind hole 2, fracturing fluid can be directly entered in accommodation space 3 that this is reserved so that simulation sample produces close to real complicated pressure-break. In the present embodiment, why apply this fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5, if being because directly injecting in this blind hole 2 fracturing fluid, then cannot ensure the sealing property between blind hole 2 wall and fracturing fluid injection device, cause that test effect is undesirable.
Wherein, this rock fracture simulation sample also includes binding agent 6, the diameter of the external diameter < blind hole 2 of fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 so that have annular space between fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 and blind hole 2 wall; Binding agent 6 is in annular space, and fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 is fixed together by binding agent and blind hole 2 wall. By binding agent 6, it is possible to make fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 circumferentially fixed to blind hole 2 wall by it, meanwhile, this binding agent 6 also as sealed material it can be avoided that fracturing fluid enters in this annular space. In the present embodiment, binding agent 6 is made up of epoxy resin. In the present embodiment, rock is shale. In the present embodiment, body diametrically 100mm, high 200mm column, blind hole diametrically 6mm, degree of depth 100mm column, the distance between lowermost end and the blind hole lowermost end of fracturing fluid ascending pipe is 60mm.
In the present embodiment, parallel between the upper and lower surface of body 1, thus ensureing follow-up when carrying out fracture simulation test, this sample is applied the harmony of active force by seaming chuck 14, push-down head 15.
Embodiment two
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, the preparation method of the rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention two provides comprises the following steps:
Step 101: choose the rock sample for fracture simulation test;
Step 102: with one end face of rock sample for starting point, drill through blind hole on rock sample body;
Step 103: clog soluble salts substances in blind hole so that soluble salts substances fills up the volume of reserved accommodation space;
Step 104: place a baffle part above soluble salts substances, blind hole is divided into two spaces by baffle part, and being in the space bottom baffle part is reserved accommodation space, and the space being in baffle part top is fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section;
Step 105: fracturing fluid ascending pipe is positioned over fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section, owing to the diameter of section installed by the external diameter < fracturing fluid of fracturing fluid ascending pipe so that has annular space between fracturing fluid ascending pipe and fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section;
Step 106: inject binding agent in annular space so that fracturing fluid ascending pipe is fixed together by binding agent and blind pore wall;
Step 107: inject, in reserved accommodation space, the solvent that soluble salts substances can be dissolved through baffle part so that soluble salts substances forms solution completely;
Step 108: solution is extracted out in reserved space;
Step 109: obtain rock fracture simulation sample.
The rock fracture simulation sample that the rock fracture simulation preparation method of sample that the application embodiment of the present invention two provides prepares includes body 1, fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5, with body 1 end face, starting point is provided with a blind hole 2, fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 is fixedly connected on blind hole 2 wall, is reserved with accommodation space 3 between lowermost end and blind hole 2 lowermost end of fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5. By fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 to when injecting fracturing fluid in blind hole 2, fracturing fluid can be directly entered in accommodation space 3 that this is reserved so that simulation sample produces close to real complicated pressure-break.
In the present embodiment, why choose soluble salts substances and first occupy accommodation space reserved in blind hole 2, it is because, in this case, after injecting the solvent of this soluble salts substances wherein, can so that this soluble salts substances fully dissolves formation solution, consequently facilitating it is extracted out from this reserved accommodation space, it is to avoid cause the impact on fracturing fluid application effect.
In the present embodiment, inject solvent to accommodation space 3, and, the step extracting solution from accommodation space 3 is all realized by Syringe injector.
Simultaneously, owing to this soluble salts substances is generally Powdered, when not placing this baffle part, when this soluble salts substances inserts fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 directly above, this fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 is likely at least part of to be embedded in this solubilized salts substances, cause the distance between the lowermost end of fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 and the lowermost end of blind hole 2 less than preset value, cause the volume of reserved accommodation space 3 not reach test requirements document, result of the test is impacted. Furthermore, in this case, the usual saturation of soluble salts substances being formed in this reserved accommodation space 3 is higher, it is also possible to avoid it to dissolve blind hole 2 wall being in this reserved accommodation space 3 place further.
In the present embodiment, the binding agent 6 injected in annular space is after epoxy resin, now, in addition it is also necessary to stand more than 48h so that epoxy resin reaches higher adhesion strength and sealing intensity in annular space.
Wherein, baffle part is made up of flexible material. In this case, when carrying out rock fracture simulation test, this flexible material can be shifted onto in this reserved accommodation space 3 by fracturing fluid, without being drawn off. In the present embodiment, flexible material is plasticine.
Wherein, one or more in potassium salt, sodium salt, nitrate of soluble salts substances, solvent is water. Owing to dissolubility in water of potassium salt, sodium salt, nitrate is significantly high, and material is easy to get, therefore, in such a case, it is possible to reduce experimentation cost.
Wherein, as a kind of concrete implementation, with one end face of rock sample for starting point, the step drilling through blind hole on rock sample body adopts horizontal drilling machine processing to obtain. In the present embodiment, with one end face of rock sample for starting point, when drilling through blind hole on rock sample body, the material of the drill bit of selection is diamond. Diamond is the material that to be currently known in material hardness maximum, applies it when drilling through blind hole on rock sample body, and the hardness of rock is necessarily less than the hardness of this drill bit, it is possible to the phenomenon of bending occurs to avoid drill bit to occur.
Wherein, by solution from after extracting out in reserved space, also including the step taken out by baffle part. This step is optional step, can not also carry out this step operation, even if not carrying out this step operation, owing to the volume of baffle part itself is less than the volume of this reserved accommodation space 3, after it is shifted onto in this accommodation space 3 by fracturing fluid, this rock fracture can't be simulated specimen test result by this fracturing fluid and adversely affect.
Embodiment three
Referring to accompanying drawing 3, the rock fracture simulation test device that the embodiment of the present invention three provides includes the three-axis tester shown in Fig. 3, three-axis tester includes triaxial chamber 11, seaming chuck 14, push-down head 15, confined pressure oil injected system (in figure non-label), also include fracturing fluid injection pump (not shown), the rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, rock fracture simulation sample is installed between seaming chuck 14 and push-down head 15, seaming chuck 14 is provided with through hole (not shown), fracturing fluid injection pump (not shown) is connected with fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 by through hole (not shown).
On the basis of the rock fracture simulation sample of the embodiment of the present invention one offer, when the rock fracture simulation test device of the embodiment of the present invention three offer being provided and carry out rock fracture simulation test, simulate at the rock fracture of the embodiment of the present invention one offer and the basis of the pressure-break that sample produces carries out pressure-break flow conductivity test, the rock gas reservoir evaluating production capacity that can obtain is more nearly real evaluating data, and this evaluating data can provide more valuable guidance for real work.
Wherein, it is tightly connected between seaming chuck 14 and fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5. Thus avoiding the fracturing fluid being injected in this reserved accommodation space 3 to overflow, affect test effect.
Wherein, the rock fracture simulation test device that the embodiment of the present invention three provides also includes heat-shrink tube (not shown), and heat-shrink tube (not shown) tight simulates the periphery of sample in rock fracture. In the present embodiment, heat-shrink tube is made up of polyvinyl fluoride. Rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention one provides by polyvinyl fluoride heat-shrink tube (not shown), seaming chuck 14, push-down head 15 is adopted to rely on the contraction of heat-shrink tube to be in close contact, it is prevented that the confined pressure oil in triaxial chamber 11 enters into inside the rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.
Embodiment four
Referring to accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, rock fracture simulation test device that the rock fracture simulation experiment method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides provides based on the embodiment of the present invention three and realize, this rock fracture simulation experiment method comprises the following steps:
Step 201: rock fracture is simulated sample and is assembled in the triaxial chamber 11 of three-axis tester by step, making rock fracture simulation sample be between seaming chuck 14 and push-down head 15, fracturing fluid injection pump (not shown) is connected with fracturing fluid ascending pipe 5 by through hole (not shown);
Step 202: inject fracturing fluid in reserved accommodation space 3 by fracturing fluid injection pump (not shown);
Step 203: along with the increase of fracturing fluid injection rate, rock fracture simulation sample produces pressure-break, obtains having pressure-break sample;
Step 204: the sample with pressure-break is also taken out by dismounting triaxial chamber 11;
Step 205: open the sample with pressure-break, obtains the sample with pressure-break;
Step 206: the fracture surface at the sample with pressure-break fills proppant;
Step 207: re-assemblied by the sample with pressure-break, obtains the sample with pressure-break of restructuring;
Step 208: the sample with pressure-break of restructuring is assembled in triaxial chamber 11 so that rock fracture simulation sample is between seaming chuck 14 and push-down head 15;
Step 209: under conditions set, passes into permeating medium by through hole (not shown) in accommodation space 3;
Step 210: the inlet pressure of record permeating medium and rate of discharge;
Step 211: change confined pressure, pass into permeating medium again by through hole in accommodation space 3;
Step 212: again record inlet pressure and the rate of discharge of permeating medium;
Step 213: so move in circles, until off-test.
On the basis of the rock fracture simulation sample of the embodiment of the present invention one offer, when the rock fracture simulation test device that the embodiment of the present invention three offer is provided the rock fracture simulation test that the embodiment of the present invention four offer is provided, simulate at the rock fracture of the embodiment of the present invention one offer and the basis of the pressure-break that sample produces carries out pressure-break flow conductivity test, the rock gas reservoir evaluating production capacity that can obtain is more nearly real evaluating data, and this evaluating data can provide more valuable guidance for real work.
In the present embodiment, confined pressure can set that as multiple gradient such as 5MPa, 10MPa, 15MPa, 20MPa, 25MPa, 30MPa, 35MPa, 40MPa.
Wherein, rock fracture is simulated before sample is assembled to three-axis tester, be additionally included in the step of the periphery parcel heat-shrink tube (not shown) of rock fracture simulation sample, seaming chuck 14, push-down head 15. Before the sample with pressure-break of restructuring is assembled to three-axis tester, it is additionally included in the step of the periphery parcel heat-shrink tube (not shown) with the sample of pressure-break, seaming chuck 14, push-down head 15 of restructuring. Rock fracture simulation sample, seaming chuck 14, push-down head 15 rely on the contraction of heat-shrink tube to be in close contact, it is prevented that the confined pressure oil in triaxial chamber 11 enters into inside the rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention one provides.
Wherein, the sample with pressure-break of restructuring is assembled in triaxial chamber 11 so that after rock fracture simulation sample is in the step between seaming chuck 14 and push-down head 15, further comprising the steps of:
Confined pressure oil is made to arrive the temperature of a setting;
Under the temperature conditions set, insulation >=2h so that restructuring there is inside the sample of pressure-break the temperature conditions also reaching to set.
In this case, it is possible to make the rock fracture simulation sample that the embodiment of the present invention one provides when carrying out rock fracture simulation test, also reach the temperature conditions set, it is to avoid due to the inconsistent impact that result of the test is caused of temperature.
Wherein, in the rock fracture simulation experiment method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides, the simulation test device of application also includes device for detecting temperature and heater, device for detecting temperature is for monitoring the temperature of confined pressure oil, heater is for heating for confined pressure oil so that it is temperature arrives the temperature set and is incubated. Without device for detecting temperature, operator can only self-dependent sensory perception temperature, and temperature can be carried out monitor by device for detecting temperature so that test operation is more accurate.
Wherein, can communicating between device for detecting temperature with heater, when confined pressure oil temperature is lower than time below the temperature set, temperature-detecting device notice heater is in heating mode; When confined pressure oil temperature reaches the temperature set, temperature-detecting device notice heater is in holding mode. In this case, it is not necessary to manual operation adjusts the pattern of heater, it is possible to realize the automatic conversion between heating mode and holding mode.
Wherein, in the rock fracture simulation experiment method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides, the simulation test device of application also includes clock and alarm device, and when heater is in lasting 2h under holding mode, clock notice alarm device sends alarm. In this case, it is not necessary to operator are on duty, when heater sends alarm, operator can carry out follow-up test operation.
In the present embodiment, alarm includes any one or a few in signal lights, buzzer, note, wechat, QQ message, audio alert. Wherein, signal lights, buzzer belong to closely alarm, and note, wechat, QQ message, audio alert both can be then short-distance alarms, it is also possible to be remote alarms, it is not necessary to operator are on duty for a long time.
Wherein, in the rock fracture simulation experiment method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides, the simulation test device of application also includes pressure gauge, flow velocity and/or flow measurement device, and pressure gauge is for measuring for measuring the pressure that permeating medium enters from the entrance in the crack of the sample with pressure-break of restructuring; Flow velocity and/or flow measurement device flow out flow velocity and/or flow for measuring permeating medium from the crack outlet of the sample with pressure-break of restructuring. In such a case, it is possible to test data is read out by pressure gauge, flow velocity and/or flow measurement device, it is not necessary to manually gradually measure.
Wherein, in the rock fracture simulation experiment method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides, the simulation test device of application also includes terminal unit, and equipped with data capture unit on terminal unit, data capture unit is used for obtaining pressure data, flow velocity and/or data on flows. In this case, operator have only to by terminal unit, can obtain pressure data, flow velocity and/or data on flows, it is not necessary to closely read.
Wherein, the signal between terminal unit and pressure gauge, flow velocity and/or flow measurement device is transmitted by holding wire. In the present embodiment, holding wire can be selected from the one in RS-232, RS-485, USB, I2C, TWI, SPI, 1WIRE, Ethernet interface.
Wherein, the signal between terminal unit and pressure gauge, flow velocity and/or flow measurement device is transmitted by wireless communication interface. In the present embodiment, wireless communication interface can be selected from the one in Bluetooth technology, Wi-Fi, 4G, 3G, GPRS, zigbee.
Wherein, in the rock fracture simulation experiment method that the embodiment of the present invention four provides, the simulation test device of application also includes analytic unit, analytic unit is installed on the terminal device, and analytic unit is for being analyzed the pressure data obtained by data capture unit, flow velocity and/or data on flows. In this case, pressure data, flow velocity and/or data on flows can be analyzed by analytic unit according to prepackage program, and directly report result of the test, it is not necessary to manually complete analytical work.
Wherein, terminal unit is that handheld terminal, data capture unit and analytic unit are combined into an APP and are installed on handheld terminal. In this case, operator can obtain pressure data, flow velocity and/or data on flows either directly through handheld terminal, and, result of the test, it is more convenient to operate.
Wherein, APP is additionally operable to set the design temperature of confined pressure oil. In this case, operator can only by being set the temperature of confined pressure oil the APP being installed on handheld terminal so that operating comfort further increases.
Wherein, permeating medium is N2Or other noble gases. In the present embodiment, permeating medium is N2, N2Stable chemical nature, and with low cost.
Wherein, proppant is selected from sand or haydite. In the present embodiment, proppant is sand, and further, in the present embodiment, the specification of sand is for for 30 order��50 orders.
Wherein, as a kind of concrete implementation, it is twine in its periphery to set adhesive tape by the method that the sample with pressure-break re-assemblies.
Wherein, rock fracture simulation sample produces the pump pressure curve that the mark of pressure-break is fracturing fluid injection pump and occurs significantly quickly falling a little by rising to. Its theoretical basis is, simulates sample when rock fracture and produces the moment of pressure-break, owing to a part of fracturing fluid is escaped to pressure-break, can cause that of the fracturing fluid pressure moment is quickly fallen. Under the support of this theory, operator can grasp operating time node more accurately.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art are once know basic creative concept, then these embodiments can be made other change and amendment. So, claims are intended to be construed to include preferred embodiment and fall into all changes and the amendment of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, the present invention can be carried out various change and modification without deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art. So, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a rock fracture simulation sample, it is characterised in that include body, fracturing fluid ascending pipe,
With described body end face, starting point is provided with a blind hole,
Described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is fixedly connected on described blind pore wall,
It is reserved with accommodation space between lowermost end and the described blind hole lowermost end of described fracturing fluid ascending pipe;
As preferably, described rock fracture simulation sample also includes binding agent,
The diameter of blind hole described in the external diameter < of described fracturing fluid ascending pipe so that between described fracturing fluid ascending pipe and described blind pore wall, there is annular space;
Described binding agent is in described annular space, and described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is fixed together by described binding agent and described blind pore wall;
As preferably, described binding agent is made up of epoxy resin;
As preferably, described rock is shale;
As preferably,
Described body diametrically 100mm, high 200mm column,
Described blind hole diametrically 6mm, degree of depth 100mm column,
Distance between lowermost end and the described blind hole lowermost end of described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is 60mm.
2. the preparation method of the rock fracture simulation sample described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Choose the rock sample for fracture simulation test;
With one end face of described rock sample for starting point, described rock sample body drills through described blind hole;
Soluble salts substances is clogged so that described soluble salts substances fills up the volume of described reserved accommodation space in described blind hole;
A baffle part is placed above described soluble salts substances, described blind hole is divided into two spaces by described baffle part, being in the space bottom described baffle part is described reserved accommodation space, and the space being in described baffle part top is fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section;
Described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is positioned over described fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section, due to the diameter of fracturing fluid installing section described in the external diameter < of described fracturing fluid ascending pipe so that between described fracturing fluid ascending pipe and described fracturing fluid ascending pipe installing section, there is annular space;
Binding agent is injected so that described fracturing fluid ascending pipe is fixed together by described binding agent and described blind pore wall in described annular space;
Inject, in described reserved accommodation space, the solvent that described soluble salts substances can be dissolved so that described soluble salts substances forms solution completely through described baffle part;
Described solution is extracted out in described reserved space;
Obtain described rock fracture simulation sample;
As preferably, described baffle part is made up of flexible material;
As preferably, described flexible material is plasticine;
As preferably, described soluble salts substances is selected from one or more in potassium salt, sodium salt, nitrate, and described solvent is water;
As preferably, with one end face of described rock sample for starting point, the step drilling through described blind hole on described rock sample body adopts horizontal drilling machine processing to obtain;
As preferably, with one end face of described rock sample for starting point, when drilling through described blind hole on described rock sample body, the material of the drill bit of selection is diamond;
As preferably, by described solution from after extracting out in described reserved space, also including the step taken out by described baffle part.
3. a rock fracture simulation test device, including three-axis tester, described three-axis tester includes triaxial chamber, seaming chuck, push-down head, confined pressure oil injected system, it is characterised in that, also include the rock fracture simulation sample described in fracturing fluid injection pump, claim 1
Described rock fracture simulation sample is installed between described seaming chuck and push-down head,
Described seaming chuck is provided with through hole, and described fracturing fluid injection pump is connected with described fracturing fluid ascending pipe by described through hole;
As preferably, being tightly connected between described seaming chuck and described fracturing fluid ascending pipe;
As preferably, described rock fracture simulation test device also includes heat-shrink tube, and described heat-shrink tube tight simulates the periphery of sample in described rock fracture;
As preferably, described heat-shrink tube is made up of polyvinyl fluoride.
4. a rock fracture simulation experiment method, it is characterised in that realizing based on the rock fracture simulation test device described in claim 3, described rock fracture simulation experiment method comprises the following steps:
Described rock fracture is simulated sample and is assembled in the triaxial chamber of described three-axis tester so that described rock fracture simulation sample is between described seaming chuck and push-down head, and described fracturing fluid injection pump is connected with described fracturing fluid ascending pipe by described through hole;
In described reserved accommodation space, fracturing fluid is injected by described fracturing fluid injection pump;
Along with the increase of described fracturing fluid injection rate, described rock fracture simulation sample produces pressure-break, obtains having pressure-break sample;
Dismantle described triaxial chamber and the described sample with pressure-break is taken out;
There is described in opening the sample of pressure-break, obtain the sample with pressure-break;
Fracture surface at the described sample with pressure-break fills proppant;
The described sample with pressure-break is re-assemblied, obtains the sample with pressure-break of restructuring;
The sample with pressure-break of described restructuring is assembled in described triaxial chamber so that described rock fracture simulation sample is between described seaming chuck and push-down head;
Under conditions set, in described accommodation space, permeating medium is passed into by described through hole;
Record inlet pressure and the rate of discharge of described permeating medium;
Change confined pressure, in described accommodation space, pass into permeating medium again by described through hole;
Again record inlet pressure and the rate of discharge of described permeating medium;
So move in circles, until off-test;
As preferably,
Before described rock fracture simulation sample is assembled to described three-axis tester, it is additionally included in the step of the periphery parcel heat-shrink tube of described rock fracture simulation sample, seaming chuck, push-down head;
Before the sample with pressure-break of described restructuring is assembled to described three-axis tester, it is additionally included in the step of the periphery parcel heat-shrink tube with the sample of pressure-break, seaming chuck, push-down head of described restructuring.
5. rock fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the sample with pressure-break of described restructuring is assembled in described triaxial chamber so that after described rock fracture simulation sample is in the step between described seaming chuck and push-down head, further comprising the steps of:
Described confined pressure oil is made to arrive the temperature of a setting;
Under the temperature conditions of described setting, insulation >=2h so that described restructuring there is the temperature conditions also reaching described setting inside the sample of pressure-break;
As preferably, described rock fracture simulation test device also includes device for detecting temperature and heater, described device for detecting temperature is for monitoring the temperature of described confined pressure oil, and described heater is for heating for described confined pressure oil so that it is temperature arrives the temperature of described setting and is incubated;
As preferably, communicating between described device for detecting temperature with described heater,
When described confined pressure oil temperature is lower than time below the temperature of described setting, described temperature-detecting device notifies that described heater is in heating mode;
When described confined pressure oil temperature reaches the temperature of described setting, described temperature-detecting device notifies that described heater is in holding mode;
As preferably, described rock fracture simulation test device also includes clock and alarm device, and when described heater is in lasting 2h under described holding mode, described clock notifies that described alarm device sends alarm;
As preferably, described alarm includes any one or a few in signal lights, buzzer, note, wechat, QQ message, audio alert.
6. rock fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described rock fracture simulation test device also includes pressure gauge, flow velocity and/or flow measurement device,
The pressure that described pressure gauge enters for the entrance measuring the crack for measuring the described permeating medium sample with pressure-break from described restructuring;
Described flow velocity and/or flow measurement device flow out flow velocity and/or flow for the crack outlet measuring the described permeating medium sample with pressure-break from described restructuring;
As preferably, described rock fracture simulation test device also includes terminal unit, and equipped with data capture unit on described terminal unit, described data capture unit is used for obtaining described pressure data, flow velocity and/or data on flows;
As preferably, the signal between described terminal unit and described pressure gauge, flow velocity and/or flow measurement device is transmitted by holding wire;
As preferably, described holding wire is selected from the one in RS-232, RS-485, USB, I2C, TWI, SPI, 1WIRE, Ethernet interface;
As preferably, the signal between described terminal unit and described pressure gauge, flow velocity and/or flow measurement device is transmitted by wireless communication interface;
As preferably, described wireless communication interface is selected from the one in Bluetooth technology, Wi-Fi, 4G, 3G, GPRS, zigbee;
As preferably, described rock fracture simulation test device also includes analytic unit, and described analytic unit is installed on described terminal unit, and described analytic unit is for being analyzed the pressure data obtained by described data capture unit, flow velocity and/or data on flows;
As preferably, described terminal unit is handheld terminal, and described data capture unit and analytic unit are combined into an APP and are installed on described handheld terminal;
As preferably, described APP is additionally operable to set the design temperature of described confined pressure oil.
7. rock fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described permeating medium is N2Or other noble gases.
8. rock fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described proppant is selected from sand or haydite.
9. rock fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that be twine in its periphery to set adhesive tape by the method that the described sample with pressure-break re-assemblies.
10. rock fracture simulation experiment method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described rock fracture simulation sample produces the pump pressure curve that the mark of pressure-break is described fracturing fluid injection pump to be occurred significantly quickly falling a little by rising to.
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