CN105610876A - Industrial control type automatic network communication protocol converter and communication protocol conversion method - Google Patents
Industrial control type automatic network communication protocol converter and communication protocol conversion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105610876A CN105610876A CN201610201994.2A CN201610201994A CN105610876A CN 105610876 A CN105610876 A CN 105610876A CN 201610201994 A CN201610201994 A CN 201610201994A CN 105610876 A CN105610876 A CN 105610876A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial control type automatic network communication protocol converter and a communication protocol conversion method. The network communication protocol converter comprises a microprocessor, an upper end connector expanding circuit, a lower end connector expanding circuit, a memory and a power supply circuit, wherein the upper end connector expanding circuit comprises a serial communication interface, an Ethernet interface, a hardware protocol stack chip, a software protocol stack chip and a switching switch for switching communication of the hardware protocol stack chip and the hardware protocol stack chip, and an upper computer; the serial communication interface is used for realizing connection of the microprocessor and a Modbus network; the Ethernet interface is used for realizing connection of the microprocessor and industrial Ethernet; and the lower end connector expanding circuit comprises a plurality of serial communication interfaces which are in communication connection with a plurality of lower computers one by one. With the adoption of the industrial control type automatic network communication protocol converter, the mutual conversion of free protocols and Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) protocols or TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) can be realized, and the requirements of field-grade control and remote control are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of industrial automatic control, relate in particular to a kind of industrial control automation network communication protocol conversionDevice and communication protocol conversion method.
Background technology
Along with the degree of the modernization of industry is more and more higher, modern industrial control system has developed into a kind of by various sensors, controlThe control network with labyrinth that device, actuator and the various subsystem with concrete function form, such as, modern workJust by sensor, converter and transmitter, (even may have small-sized controller uses sensing module common in industry control systemIn front end data processing) composition; Data acquisition and monitoring system is as the key subsystem in control system, conventionally again by a large numberSensing module, transmitter and controller composition; And modern industrial control system generally adopts Programmable Logic Controller(ProgrammableController, PLC) conventionally integrated transmitter and controller, for carrying out the control of concrete industrial process.Therefore, modern industrial control system is conventionally taking PC or a PLC etc. as host computer, by connection and the communications protocol of networkSupport, manage concentratedly as on-the-spot industry control subsets (slave computer) such as PLC multiple, and carry out real-time number with itAccording to exchange and processing, the full-automatic production line data collecting system of the disclosed one of for example CN105137928A, comprises on-the-spot numberAccording to collection network unit and long-range host computer unit, this data acquisition network unit comprises multiple bottom modules, slave computer and metaMachine, it connects by network each other and forms three-tier architecture; Described bottom module comprises the controller of production equipment self,Described slave computer comprise based on PLC control module and gateway, wherein, described bottom module by the communication mode set to existingField creation data carries out Real-time Collection, by communication mode and the mutual communication of a communication transfer interface module set; Described gateway will be eachThe communication mode of bottom module converts unified compatible communication mode and data to, and passes through this compatible communication mode by creation dataBe uploaded to system; Described middle-position machine carries out computing and processing to creation data, and for long-range host computer cell call.
But the communication between the distinct device in modern industrial control system need to adopt different communications protocol to realize conventionally,For example host computer (PC) can only send ICP/IP protocol by netting twine, and some subsets (slave computer) can only be identified freedomAgreement, so the data of the device transmission of communication one end must could be received by other equipment of the communication other end by protocol conversionAnd identification, in order to facilitate the mutual communication between distinct device, the communications protocol conversion using in modern industrial control system at presentDevice carries out Internet Transmission by transplanting protocol stack conventionally, the disclosed a kind of Modbus communications protocol of for example CN104932364AOPCUA conversion equipment and method, be transplanted to OPCUA protocol stack in the equipment of Modbus communications protocol, to incite somebody to actionModbus communications protocol is converted to OPCUA agreement, by multiple envelopes of the Modbus equipment based on serial communication or TCP communicationDress up an OPCUA server, meet the OPCUA client-side program of OPCUA agreement all according to OPCUA specification pairThe data of these Modbus equipment read and write, subscription operation. The communications protocol of this transplanting OPCUA protocol stackAlthough converter can be realized the communication between some corresponding distinct devices, but have underaction, the bit error rate higher,Transfer rate waits not enough more slowly, can not meet the demand of modern industrial control system for different application environment. Therefore, for biographyThe deficiency of system communication protocol converter, is badly in need of a kind of high speed, compatibility communication protocols converter and side strong and simple and reliable for structureMethod.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to design a kind of industrial control automation network communication protocol converter, has high speed, compatibilityThe feature that property is strong and simple and reliable for structure, can realize between free agreement and ModbusRTU agreement or Ethernet ICP/IP protocolMutual conversion.
Another object of the present invention is to design a kind of communication protocol of described industrial control automation network communication protocol converterConversion method, can realize the mutual conversion between free agreement and ModbusRTU agreement or Ethernet ICP/IP protocol, therebyMake to carry out between host computer and slave computer at a high speed, in real time, communication reliably, compatible strong.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of industrial control automation network communication protocol converter, comprising: micro-placeManage device and be all connected to upper end interface expansion circuit, the expansion of lower end interface circuit, memory and the power supply electricity of described microprocessorRoad; Wherein, described upper end interface expansion circuit comprises serial communication interface, Ethernet interface, hardware protocol chip stack, softwareProtocol stack chip and the change-over switch of communicating by letter with host computer with software protocol chip stack for switching described hardware protocol chip stack,Described serial communication interface is realized being connected of described microprocessor and Modbus network, and described Ethernet interface is realized described micro-processingDevice is connected with EPA; Described lower end interface is expanded circuit and is comprised and multiple slave computers corresponding communicate to connect multiple one by oneSerial communication interface.
Further, described microprocessor is STM32F103 family chip; Described hardware protocol chip stack is M5500 series associationView chip; Described software protocol chip stack is ENC28J60 family ethernet control chip.
Further, described upper end interface is expanded the serial communication interface of circuit and the serial communication of described lower end interface expansion circuitInterface includes RS232 interface and RS485 interface.
Further, described industrial control automation network communication protocol converter also comprises and connects respectively turning of described microprocessorParallel operation status indicator lamp, power supply indicator.
The present invention also provides a kind of communication protocol conversion method of above-mentioned industrial control automation network communication protocol converter, bagDraw together:
Step 1: according to communicating requirement, the change-over switch of described communication protocols converter is operated upper termination described in choice for useHardware protocol chip stack or software protocol chip stack that mouth is expanded in circuit are communicated by letter with host computer;
Step 2: described host computer is passed on request data by described communication protocols converter to corresponding slave computer, specifically comprises:
Step 2.1: described host computer is sent out by hardware protocol chip stack or the software protocol chip stack selected according to asked dataSend the microprocessor of ICP/IP protocol to described communication protocols converter;
Step 2.2: described microprocessor receives after the data of described host computer transmission, sentences by default data bit and check bitWhether disconnected described data meet communication protocol, perform step 2.3 if meet, and return to rub-out signal to described upper if do not meetMachine, asks described host computer to resend data;
Step 2.3: free agreement is preserved and be converted to described microprocessor the ICP/IP protocol receiving, and by described lower endInterface is expanded circuit and is sent to corresponding slave computer;
Step 3: described slave computer returns to response data to described host computer, specifically comprises:
Step 3.1: described slave computer is tested after receiving free agreement, and according to the request collection in described free agreement certainlyBy protocol responses data, and feed back to described microprocessor by described lower end interface expansion circuit;
Step 3.2: described microprocessor receives after described free protocol responses data, judges that described free protocol responses data areThe no protocol specification that meets, performs step 3.3 if meet, and returns to fault message to described host computer if do not meet, so that described inHost computer is known described slave computer and is occurred mistake and resend request data;
Step 3.3: described microprocessor, according to whether needing remote monitoring, turns the described free protocol responses data that receiveBe changed to ModbusRTU agreement or for ICP/IP protocol, and the data after conversion are sent by described upper end Interface Expanding circuitGive described host computer.
Further, in described step 1, described change-over switch is connected with the PB0 mouth of described microprocessor, described microprocessorBy Key (key) function check PB0 mouth state, if need to meet basic communication requirement, change-over switch is pressed, PB0 mouth is lowLevel, now realizes between described host computer and described microprocessor with described hardware protocol chip stack and Ethernet interfaceTransfer of data; If communicating requirement is higher, need to meet specific function, change-over switch is lifted, PB0 mouth is high level, thisShi Suoshu microprocessor uses described software protocol chip stack and Ethernet interface, carries out LWIP initialization, adds described software and assistsView chip stack gateway, arranges IP address, subnet mask, gateway and channel number and realizes described host computer and described microprocessorBetween transfer of data.
Further, in described step 2.1, when described host computer sends ICP/IP protocol to described microprocessor, start instituteState the timer timing of host computer inside, to check the circuit between described host computer and described communication protocols converter whether unobstructed,If while exceeding the setting timing of described timer, described host computer is not received the uploading data of described microprocessor yet, judge instituteThe circuit of stating between host computer and described communication protocols converter breaks down.
Further, whether described microprocessor is inquired about its access port by poll function convertInit () and is received described upperThe data that machine is sent, if receive the data that host computer is sent, by described in described default data bit and check bit judgementWhether data are correct, return to rub-out signal to ask described host computer to resend data if incorrect; If correctly forward step toRapid 2.3: carry out netconn_accept (Conn) function so that described data are saved to described memory, and release semaphoreOSSemPost (Semp) carries out function Parse (void*p_arg), ICP/IP protocol is re-encoded as to described slave computer neededFree protocol transmission frame, and by the serial communication interface of described lower end Interface Expanding circuit, described free protocol transmission frame is sentGive described slave computer, the timer that simultaneously starts described communication protocols converter inside carries out timing, for checking described communication protocolsWhether the circuit between view converter and described slave computer is unobstructed, if described microprocessor connects in the timing of described timerReceive the free protocol responses data that described slave computer returns, perform step 3.2, described microprocessor is determined described timerTime do not receive the free protocol responses data that described slave computer returns in the time, forward step 3.1 to described slave computer sent out againSend free protocol responses data.
Further, in step 3.3, if desired remote monitoring, described microprocessor is by free_modbusTCP (void* p_arg) function is ICP/IP protocol specification by free protocol responses data encapsulation, and by netconn_write (NewConn,Send_buff) described ICP/IP protocol is write LWIP protocol stack by function, then by described upper end Interface Expanding circuitEthernet interface sends to the long distance control system of described host computer; If need field level monitoring without remote monitoring, described inMicroprocessor is converted to ModbusRTU agreement by free_modbusRTU (void*p_arg) function by free protocol responses dataSpecification, and be transferred to the Field Monitoring System of described host computer by the serial communication interface of described upper end Interface Expanding circuit.
Further, in described step 3.2, described microprocessor carries out described free protocol responses data by the method for storehouseReceive, to guarantee the integrality of data and to ensure that data can not overflow; Described microprocessor is in data receiver and processing procedure simultaneouslyMiddle employing is interrupted and two kinds of processing modes of inquiry, and the data that send when described host computer have entered the data buffer zone of described slave computerAfter, described microprocessor enters and interrupts receiving data, after receiving data, continues to carry out into the program before interruption, ifOccurred simultaneously the situation of several groups of data, described microprocessor can judge first receive which group data according to interrupt priority level,In the time interrupting in processing procedure normally transceiving data, described microprocessor starts to adopt the mode of inquiry, finds outThe data of existing problem, and start to receive and dispatch processing.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, communication protocols converter of the present invention and communication protocol conversion method thereof, adopts Software Protocol Stack mutually auxiliary with hardware protocol stacksThe design of coordinating can adopt hardware protocol stacks to realize quick data transfering in the situation that communicating requirement is low, and at communicating requirementHigher, need to meet in the situation of specific function, just can be by Software Protocol Stack being realized to the high-efficiency transfer of data, fromAnd realize flexibility and the maximization in the utilization of mcu resource.
2, communication protocols converter of the present invention and communication protocol conversion method thereof have adopted two kinds of protocol formats, i.e. ModbusRTUThe mutual conversion of agreement and free agreement and the mutual conversion of ICP/IP protocol and free agreement, thus can be according to fieldbusThe difference of classification meets the communication requirement of remote monitoring and on-site supervision.
3, communication protocols converter of the present invention and communication protocol conversion method thereof, by the default data bit of microprocessor and verificationPosition checks it to receive the correctness of data, thus can prevent in many data volumes transmitting procedure issuable Frame overlapping orThe problem of omitting, can ensure that the in the situation that of high bit-error communication reliability is high.
4, communication protocols converter of the present invention and communication protocol conversion method thereof, the method for use timer expiry, examines respectivelyTest between host computer and communication protocols converter, whether circuit between slave computer and communication protocols converter unobstructed, judgement communicationThe circuit place of makeing mistakes, in the time that data processing goes wrong, can process in time, prevents deadlock phenomenon.
5, in communication protocols converter of the present invention and communication protocol conversion method thereof, microprocessor has adopted the mode of round-robin queueReceive data, solved the problem of data from overflow; Take to interrupt and two kinds of processing modes of inquiry simultaneously, greatly improved logicalTransmitting-receiving efficiency and the data processing amount of letter protocol converter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hardware configuration schematic diagram of the industrial control automation network communication protocol converter of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that in the communication protocol conversion method of the specific embodiment of the invention, host computer sends request data;
Fig. 3 is that in the communication protocol conversion method of the specific embodiment of the invention of the present invention, slave computer receives responding process figure;
Fig. 4 is the free protocol format of standard in the communication protocol conversion method of the specific embodiment of the invention of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Please refer to Fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of industrial control automation network communication protocol converter 10, comprising: microprocessor(MCU) 101 and the power circuit 102, power supply indicator 103, the upper end interface that are connected to respectively described microprocessor 101 open upExhibition circuit 104, lower end interface are expanded circuit 105, switcher state indicator lamp 106 and memory 107.
Wherein, to expand circuit 104 be that the industrial control automation network of the present embodiment is logical for described microprocessor 101 and upper end interfaceThe core devices of letter protocol converter 10, described microprocessor 101 is whole industrial control automation network communication protocol converters10 control centre, adopts STM32F103 family chip, it comprise ethernet mac layer controller, CAN controller andUSART serial interface, supports Ethernet, CAN bus, RS231 bus and the expansion of RS485 bus, can complete differenceThe parsing of information and distribution between agreement. Upper end interface is expanded circuit 104 and is adopted Software Protocol Stack and hardware protocol stacks to complement each otherDesign, comprise hardware protocol chip stack 1041, software protocol chip stack 1042, serial communication interface (USART) 1043,Ethernet interface 1044 and for switching described hardware protocol chip stack 1041 and software protocol chip stack 1042 and host computerThe change-over switches 1040 of 20 communications, described serial communication interface 1043 is realized described microprocessor 101 and Modbus networkConnect, described Ethernet interface 1044 is realized being connected of described microprocessor 101 and EPA, thus, and will according to communicationAsk, connect hardware protocol chip stack 1041 or software protocol chip stack 1042 and microprocessor 101 by change-over switch 1040Communication connection, thereby make choice for use hardware protocol stacks or soft between the host computer 20 such as microprocessor 101 and PC main framePart protocol stack carries out the fast transport of data, common, in the situation that communicating requirement is low, adopts hardware protocol stacks to realize fastSpeed transmission data, and higher at communicating requirement, need to meet specific function in the situation that, operating personnel can according to oneselfRequire by Software Protocol Stack is write, realize the high-efficiency transfer of data. Change-over switch 1040 and Wei Chu in the present embodimentThe PB0 mouth of reason device 101 is connected, and microprocessor 101 can pass through Key (key) function check PB0 mouth state, if press switchingSwitch 1040, now PB0 mouth is low level, microprocessor 101 uses hardware protocol stacks, on the contrary microprocessor 101 makesUse Software Protocol Stack. So the complementary design of Software Protocol Stack of the present invention and hardware protocol stacks, both can realize in utilizationFlexibility, also can realize the maximization of mcu resource.
In the present embodiment, hardware protocol chip stack 1041 can adopt the M5500 series association of the embedded MAC of including and PHY layerView chip, software protocol chip stack 1042 can adopt ENC28J60 family ethernet control chip. Therefore, Software Protocol StackAdd network interface to realize the physical connection of Ethernet by an ethernet control chip ENC28J60 exactly, by uCOS-IIOperating system becomes a kind of free protocol conversion the ICP/IP protocol of standard, and carries out Internet Transmission by transplanting LWIP protocol stack,And then realize communication and upper layer application by implanting ICP/IP protocol code, and particularly, first carry out LWIP initialization, addENC28J60 gateway, arranges IP address, subnet mask, gateway and channel number, thereby sets up communication. Obviously, software associationView stack operation needs microprocessor 101 constantly to respond interruption, and this has just taken microprocessor (MCU) 101 to a great extentComputing and clock resource, in the time of multithreading operation, the processing speed of microprocessor 101 can reduce, although Software Protocol Stack toolHave size of code more, affect determining of microprocessor processes speed, but its deal with data flexibly, operating personnel canChange Software Protocol Stack according to the demand of the own system of compiling, realize needed function. And hardware protocol stacks is by micro-processingDevice 101 and hardware protocol chip stack M5500 (including MAC and PHY) directly add network interface to realize the physics of EthernetConnect, the work of all processing ICP/IP protocols all completes by 1041, hardware protocol stacks core, hardware TCP/IP associationView stack has replaced microprocessor in the past (MCU) 101 to process these interrupt requests, and micro-place is assisted in adding of hardware protocol stacksReason device 101 has been processed nearly all ICP/IP protocol work, has greatly reduced the interruption times of microprocessor 101, allowsMicroprocessor 101 machines save more resources, have also avoided microprocessor 101 to be subject to the danger of network attack simultaneously, make netNetwork is attacked and can not exerted an influence to the main program in microprocessor 101, has increased the security that microprocessor 101 is worked, stillHardware protocol chip stack is integrated good chip, can only call, and can not allow developer oneself rewrite, and uses so existThe drawback of underaction.
Power circuit 102 can comprise that DC24V becomes DC5V insulating power supply, DC3.3V voltage stabilizing chip, filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing and multiplePosition circuit, the mode that adopts insulating power supply and voltage stabilizing chip two-stage to coordinate improves the stability of carrying load ability and power supply, therebyFor microprocessor 101, power supply indicator 103, upper end interface are expanded circuit 104, lower end interface is expanded circuit 105, converter shapeState indicator lamp 106 and memory 107 are powered, and described reset circuit can utilize microprocessor 101 inside to carry electrification reset moduleAnd software reset's module realizes automatically reseting of microprocessor 101 and hand-reset. Power supply indicator 103 is used to indicate this communication protocolsThe power supply connection status of view converter 10, switcher state indicator lamp 107 is used to indicate the work shape of this communication protocols converter 10State, comprises and indicates message transmission rate, the TCP connection status of this communication protocols converter 10, the data of Ethernet interface 1044The data transmit-receive state of reiving/transmitting state, serial communication interface 1043 and hardware protocol chip stack 1041 or software protocol chip stack1042 connection status. Memory 107 can be EEPROM or FLASH memory, receives and dispatches for storage microprocessor 101Data. Described lower end interface is expanded circuit 105 and is comprised with multiple slave computers (being subset) 301,302,303,304 1 a pair ofMultiple serial communication interfaces 1051,1052,1053,1054 that should communicate to connect, serial communication interface 1051,1052,1053,1054 can be RS232 interface or RS485 interface.
The using method of industrial control automation network communication protocol converter 10 of the present invention is specially: opening power, power supply refers toShow that lamp 103 is bright, reset by the reset circuit of power circuit 102. According to communicating requirement, change-over switch 1040 is operated,Choice for use hardware protocol chip stack 1041 or software protocol chip stack 1042, host computer 20 sends ICP/IP protocol by Ethernet(being request data), this ICP/IP protocol is expanded circuit 104 through upper end interface and is sent to microprocessor 101, for preventing that data from losingLose, microprocessor 101 is by memory 107 save datas, and microprocessor 101 completes ICP/IP protocol after the conversion of free agreement,Switcher state indicator lamp 106 is bright, and the free agreement of conversion sends to corresponding slave computer after expanding circuit 105 by lower end interface,The request of slave computer response host computer, the free protocol responses data of feedback are converted to ICP/IP protocol by microprocessor 101, andFinally expand circuit 104 by upper end interface and be sent to host computer 20. Its operation principle is: microprocessor 101 obtains host computerThe 20 ICP/IP protocol instructions that send are also converted to free agreement and send to corresponding slave computer, and described slave computer receives after instructionReturn to the response instruction of specific free agreement to microprocessor 101, microprocessor 101 receives after response data according to fieldbusThe ModbusRTU agreement that the difference of classification is standard by free protocol conversion sends to host computer to carry out data communication for existingField level is controlled, or is that Ethernet ICP/IP protocol sends to host computer to carry out data communication for long-range by free protocol conversionMonitoring.
Therefore, please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the present embodiment also provides a kind of above-mentioned industrial control automation network communication protocol conversionThe communication protocol conversion method of device, comprising:
Step 1: according to communicating requirement, the change-over switch 1040 of described communication protocols converter 10 is operated, described in choice for useHardware protocol chip stack 1041 or software protocol chip stack 1052 that upper end interface is expanded in circuit 104 are communicated by letter with host computer 20, concreteGround comprises:
Step 1.1: described change-over switch 1040 is connected with the PB0 mouth of described microprocessor 101, and described microprocessor 101 passes throughKey (key) function check PB0 mouth state, for example, judge whether PB0 mouth is low level;
Step 1.2: if need to meet basic communication requirement, change-over switch 1040 is pressed, PB0 mouth is low level, nowInitialize with described hardware protocol chip stack 1041 and Ethernet interface 1044, set up described host computer 20 and described micro-placeCommunication between reason device 101, realizes transfer of data between the two, and particularly, microprocessor 101 is by hardware protocol stacks coreThe SPI serial ports of sheet 1041 writes the TCP/IP packet that host computer 20 transmits, and extracts the effective association producing through protocol conversionView data, are sent to slave computer after being converted to free agreement, and the free protocol responses data of slave computer are converted to and meet TCP/IP afterwardsThe data of protocol specification also write hardware protocol chip stack 1041, and are sent to host computer 20 and are shown, thereby complete logicalLetter.
Step 1.3: if communicating requirement is higher, need to meet specific function, change-over switch 1040 is lifted, PB0 mouth is heightLevel, now described microprocessor 101 uses described software protocol chip stack 1042 and Ethernet interface 1044, by uCOS-IIOperating system becomes free protocol conversion the ICP/IP protocol of standard, and transplants LWIP protocol stack and carry out LWIP initialization, addsDescribed software protocol chip stack gateway, arranges IP address, subnet mask, gateway and channel number, realizes described host computer 20And the transfer of data between described microprocessor 101.
Step 2: described host computer 20 is passed on request data (i.e. life by described communication protocols converter 10 to corresponding slave computerMake), please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this process specifically comprises:
Step 2.1: described host computer 10 passes through hardware protocol chip stack 1041 or the Software Protocol Stack selected according to asked dataChip 1042 sends the microprocessor 101 of ICP/IP protocol to described communication protocols converter 10, and particularly, host computer 20 is monitored boundaryFace sends the data that standard agreement is inquired about corresponding slave computer, and meanwhile, the timer (T1++) that starts described host computer 20 inside entersRow timing, to check the circuit between described host computer 20 and described communication protocols converter 10 whether unobstructed, if exceed described fixedTime device (T1++) setting timing, described host computer 20 is not received the uploading data of described microprocessor 101 yet, judges instituteThe circuit of stating between host computer 20 and described communication protocols converter 10 breaks down, and host computer 20 can be in the monitoring of its control systemIn interface panel, report an error, having there is mistake in concrete which the slave computer transfer of data of instruction operating personnel, and can make host computer retransmitRequest data. Can make thus, in the time that data processing goes wrong, can process in time, prevent deadlock phenomenon. For exampleWhen host computer (PC) has sent the request of a standard agreement, for a certain reason, slave computer is not received host computer (PC)The data of sending or slave computer are received data but not response, by the timing of timer (T1++), can avoid due to notTake measures and cause host computer likely waiting for the deadlock phenomenon of the response of slave computer always.
Step 2.2: described microprocessor 101 by poll function convertInit () inquire about its access port whether receive described onThe position data sent of machine, in the time that described microprocessor 101 receives the data that described host computer sends, by default data bit andCheck bit judges whether described data meet communication protocol, the free protocol format Fig. 4 of the standard that meets communication protocol in the present embodimentShown in, wherein integrated multiple Frame, adopts special byte as starting and finishing, and is called flag byte, i.e. start bit (STX)And stop bits (ETX), when the bit pattern of flag byte appears in data, in order to make microprocessor 101 according to banner wordJoint finds the end position of present frame, so the free protocol format of standard is in start bit (STX) and the end of its data link layerBefore (ETX) these two flag bytes of position, insert identical escape byte basic format, i.e. a flag bit (DLE). This markThe character of accurate free protocol format all adopts 16 systems; DLE: flag byte (0x10); STX: starting character (0x02); ETX:End mark (0x03); Address, order, data: if equal DLE, need recharge a DLE; Verification and: be address,Order, the byte of data and get benefit. Microprocessor 101 carries out data check by the method for checking multiple Frames, and it canFind the end position of present frame according to flag byte, accurately find the boundary of Frame, can prevent many data volumes transmitting procedureIn issuable Frame overlapping or omit problem. Thus, when described in definite its data that receive of described microprocessor 101Meet communication protocol, perform step 2.3, return to rub-out signal (being ERROR signal) if do not meet to described host computer 20,Ask described host computer 20 to resend data.
Step 2.3: described microprocessor 101 is saved to the ICP/IP protocol receiving memory 107 and is converted to free agreement,And send to corresponding slave computer by described lower end interface expansion circuit, particularly, microprocessor 101 is carried outNetconn_accept (Conn) function save data, with the mistake and the loss of vital data that prevent from occurring in communication process, afterwardsRelease semaphore OSSemPost (being designated as Semp) carries out function Parse (void*p_arg), ICP/IP protocol is re-encoded as the nextThe needed free protocol transmission frame of machine control system, and expand the corresponding serial communication interface of circuit 105 by number by lower end interfaceAccording to the control system that sends to corresponding slave computer; Meanwhile, microprocessor 1011 its inner timers (T2++) of startup carry outRegularly, to check the circuit between this communication protocols converter 10 and the control system of corresponding slave computer whether unobstructed, if exceedThe setting-up time (for example 100ms) of timer (T2++), microprocessor 101 is not received the response data of slave computer, toHost computer (PC) 20 reports an error, and host computer 20 is judged to be the line between communication protocols converter 10 and corresponding slave computer control systemRoad fault, further makes described slave computer resend free protocol responses data after reparation fault.
Step 3: described slave computer returns to response data to described host computer, specifically comprises:
Step 3.1: described slave computer is tested after receiving free agreement, and ring according to the requirement collection of host computer (PC) 20Answer data, then form transmission frame according to specific free agreement, i.e. free protocol responses data, expand by described lower end interfaceCircuit 105 feeds back to described microprocessor 101.
Step 3.2: described microprocessor 101 employing heap stack function EnQueue (, ch) (follow with the method for storehouseThe method of ring queue) carry out the reception of Protocol response data, the complete of data can not overflowed and guarantee to guarantee dataProperty. Described microprocessor 101 adopts and interrupts being combined with two kinds of processing modes of inquiry in data receiver and processing procedure simultaneously, and willMode in Query Process, as the standby of Interrupt Processing Model, is processed mass data. Particularly, adopt timer 2 (T2++)With interrupt function TIM2_IRQHandler (void) interrupt process, when the data that described host computer 20 sends entered described underPosition machine data buffer zone after, described microprocessor 101 enter interrupt receive data, after receiving data, continue to carry out intoProgram before interruption, if there is simultaneously the situation of several groups of data, described microprocessor 101 can carry out according to interrupt priority levelWhich group data judgement first receives, and in the time interrupting in processing procedure normally transceiving data, described microprocessor 101 startsThe mode that adopts inquiry, finds the data that go wrong, and starts to receive and dispatch processing, thereby improved greatly communication protocolThe data transmit-receive efficiency of converter 10. For example 5ms interrupts once, preserves the data that receive, to distinguish a frame in interrupt procedureData receiver is complete, and after frame data receive, zero clearing timer 2 counting TIM_SetCounter (TIM2,0), under receivingOne frame data are prepared. When described microprocessor 101 receives described free agreement in the setting-up time of timer 2 (T2++)When response data, described microprocessor 101 can judge that whether described free protocol responses data meet protocol specification, release if meetDischarge signal amount OSSemPost (being designated as Semp1) also performs step 3.3, returns to fault message to described host computer 20 if do not meet,There is mistake and resend request data so that described host computer 20 is known described slave computer.
Step 3.3: microprocessor 101 carries out frame format decomposition according to specific free protocol format content, simultaneously according to fieldbusType (RS232 or RS485) determines whether and needs remote monitoring, if desired remote monitoring, and described microprocessor 101 passes throughFree_modbusTCP (void*p_arg) function is ICP/IP protocol specification by free protocol responses data encapsulation, and passes throughDescribed ICP/IP protocol is write LWIP protocol stack by netconn_write (NewConn, send_buff) function, then by describedThe Ethernet interface 1044 of end interface expanded circuit 104 sends to the long distance control system of described host computer 20; If without remote monitoringAnd need field level monitoring, described microprocessor 101 rings free agreement by free_modbusRTU (void*p_arg) functionAnswer data to be converted to ModbusRTU protocol specification, and by the serial communication interface 1043 of described upper end Interface Expanding circuit 104Be transferred to the Field Monitoring System of described host computer 20. Can meet thus operating personnel's Plant floor control or remotely-controlledDemand. When microprocessor 101 is processed the response data of multiple slave computers, can be according to data priority, by slave computer high priorityResponse data preferentially form ModbusRTU or be TCP/IP standard agreement pass on host computer 20.
In sum, industrial control automation network communication protocol converter of the present invention and transition of communications method thereof:
1, can judge the fault on communication line, realize data are carried out to high-speed processing. Particularly, the present invention is upperMachine is assigned request data to using timer (T1++) timing in the process of communication protocols converter and at communication protocols converterWait in slave computer response process and use timer (T2++) timing, check respectively between host computer and communication protocols converter, lead toWhether the circuit between letter protocol converter and slave computer is unobstructed, thereby in the time that data processing goes wrong, can determine in time circuitGuilty culprit, and indicate operating personnel to process in time, prevent deadlock phenomenon. Be that host computer sends after order, timer(T1++) start timing, set timing (for example setting 100ms) and communication protocols converter when exceeding timer (T1++)When countless certificates are uploaded to host computer, judge the line fault between host computer and communication protocols converter; At communication protocols converterAfter ICP/IP protocol conversion is formed to free agreement, send to after slave computer, timer (T2++) starts timing, if timer(T2++) overtime (for example setting 100ms) and slave computer does not return to response data, communication protocols converter is to host computer(PC) report an error, host computer is judged to be the line fault between communication protocols converter and slave computer control system.
2, can prevent from getting muddled on circuit or multiple data arrive simultaneously, the in the situation that of high bit-error, greatly improve communicationReliability. Concrete ground, the microprocessor of communication protocols converter of the present invention to the data acquisition that receives by flag byte andVerification and testing, judge start byte STX and end byte ETX, escape byte DLE and verification and, thereby preventionIn many data volumes transmitting procedure issuable Frame overlapping or omit problem.
3, there is multiple translation function, can meet the communication requirement between controlled device and field apparatus and remote terminal simultaneously.Particularly, the present invention has adopted between two kinds of protocol formats and Protocol and has mutually changed, i.e. ModbusRTU agreement and oneselfBy the mutual conversion of agreement and the mutual conversion of ICP/IP protocol and free agreement. When needs meet controlled device and field apparatusWhile communicating, communication protocols converter of the present invention can be realized free agreement and the directly side of conversion of ModbusRTU agreementMethod, meets the demand of field control; In the time that needs meet controlled device and remote terminal and communicate, the present invention also can be by associationThe direct conversion that view stack is realized free agreement and ICP/IP protocol, realizes the requirement of Long-distance Control.
4, can realize flexibility in utilization and the maximization of mcu resource. Particularly, communication protocols converter of the present inventionAdopt the complementary design of hardware protocol stacks and Software Protocol Stack, in the situation that communicating requirement is low, can adopt hardware protocolStack is realized quick data transfering, and higher at communicating requirement, need to meet specific function in the situation that, just can be according to oneselfRequirement by Software Protocol Stack is write, realize the high-efficiency transfer of data.
5, can process mass data. Particularly, communication protocols converter of the present invention has been taked to interrupt and two kinds of processing sides of inquiryFormula, and Mode in Query Process is the standby of Interrupt Processing Model, when host computer (PC) sends data and entered the number of slave computerAccording to buffering area, single-chip microcomputer enters and interrupts receiving data. Because data volume is large, this project has adopted the mode of round-robin queue to receive numberAccording to, solve the problem of data from overflow. Receive the program that continues after data to carry out into before interruption, if there is simultaneouslyThe situation of several groups of data, microprocessor can judge first receive which group data according to interrupt priority level. If while interrupting processing,Because data are too many, there is problem in interrupt reception and dispatch data, and when transceiving data, microprocessor starts to adopt inquiry normallyMode, find the data that go wrong, and start to receive and dispatch processing, this using Mode in Query Process as interrupt processing sideThe method of formula standby, has improved the transmitting-receiving efficiency of protocol converter greatly.
6, can guarantee agreement the steady order of conversion carry out. Communication protocols converter of the present invention arrange two semaphore: Semp andSemp1, the hang-up by two semaphores and discharge the execution sequence of function in the process of guarantee agreement communication, receivesAfter data, call function carries out protocol conversion again, and the steady order of protocol conversion is carried out.
The above is only one embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that on principle of the invention basis, and that makes is anyAmendment, is equal to the variations such as replacement, within all should being included in protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an industrial control automation network communication protocol converter, is characterized in that, comprising: microprocessor and all connectionUpper end interface to described microprocessor is expanded circuit, lower end interface is expanded circuit, memory and power circuit; Wherein, described inUpper end interface expand circuit comprise serial communication interface, Ethernet interface, hardware protocol chip stack, software protocol chip stack andFor switching the change-over switch that described hardware protocol chip stack is communicated by letter with host computer with software protocol chip stack, described serial communication connectsThe existing described microprocessor of cause for gossip is connected with Modbus network, and described Ethernet interface is realized described microprocessor and industrial etherThe connection of net; Described lower end interface is expanded circuit and is comprised and multiple slave computers multiple serial communication interfaces of corresponding communication connection one by one.
2. industrial control automation network communication protocol converter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described micro-processingDevice is STM32F103 family chip; Described hardware protocol chip stack is M5500 serial protocols chip; Described Software Protocol StackChip is ENC28J60 family ethernet control chip.
3. industrial control automation network communication protocol converter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described upper terminationMouthful expand the serial communication interface of circuit and described lower end interface expand the serial communication interface of circuit include RS232 interface andRS485 interface.
4. industrial control automation network communication protocol converter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described industry controlAutomated network communication protocols converter processed also comprises the switcher state indicator lamp, the power supply instruction that connect respectively described microprocessorLamp.
5. the communication protocol of the industrial control automation network communication protocol converter described in any one in a claim 1 to 4Conversion method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1: according to communicating requirement, the change-over switch of described communication protocols converter is operated upper end described in choice for useHardware protocol chip stack or software protocol chip stack that interface is expanded in circuit are communicated by letter with host computer;
Step 2: described host computer is passed on request data by described communication protocols converter to corresponding slave computer, specifically comprises:
Step 2.1: described host computer is sent out by hardware protocol chip stack or the software protocol chip stack selected according to asked dataSend the microprocessor of ICP/IP protocol to described communication protocols converter;
Step 2.2: described microprocessor receives after the data of described host computer transmission, sentences by default data bit and check bitWhether disconnected described data meet communication protocol, perform step 2.3 if meet, and return to rub-out signal to described upper if do not meetMachine, asks described host computer to resend data;
Step 2.3: free agreement is preserved and be converted to described microprocessor the ICP/IP protocol receiving, and by under describedEnd interface is expanded circuit and is sent to corresponding slave computer;
Step 3: described slave computer returns to response data to described host computer, specifically comprises:
Step 3.1: described slave computer is tested after receiving free agreement, and according to the request collection in described free agreement certainlyBy protocol responses data, and feed back to described microprocessor by described lower end interface expansion circuit;
Step 3.2: described microprocessor receives after described free protocol responses data, judges that described free protocol responses data areThe no protocol specification that meets, performs step 3.3 if meet, and returns to fault message to described host computer if do not meet, so that described inHost computer is known described slave computer and is occurred mistake and resend request data;
Step 3.3: described microprocessor, according to whether needing remote monitoring, turns the described free protocol responses data that receiveBe changed to ModbusRTU agreement or for ICP/IP protocol, and the data after conversion are sent out by described upper end Interface Expanding circuitGive described host computer.
6. communication protocol conversion method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 1, and described change-over switchBe connected with the PB0 mouth of described microprocessor, described microprocessor is by Key (key) function check PB0 mouth state, if neededChange-over switch is pressed, PB0 mouth is low level to meet basic communication requirement, now use described hardware protocol chip stack withToo network interface is realized the transfer of data between described host computer and described microprocessor; If communicating requirement is higher, needs are fullLift, PB0 mouth is high level by change-over switch for foot specific function, and now described microprocessor uses described software protocol chip stackWith Ethernet interface, carry out LWIP initialization, add described software protocol chip stack gateway, arrange IP address, subnet mask,Gateway and channel number are realized the transfer of data between described host computer and described microprocessor.
7. communication protocol conversion method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 2.1, and described host computerSend ICP/IP protocol to the described microprocessor time, start the timer timing of described host computer inside, with check described onWhether the circuit between position machine and described communication protocols converter unobstructed, if while exceeding the setting timing of described timer, described onPosition machine is not received the uploading data of described microprocessor yet, judges the line between described host computer and described communication protocols converterBreak down in road.
8. communication protocol conversion method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 2.2, and described micro-processingDevice is inquired about its access port by poll function convertInit () and whether is received the data that described host computer is sent, if receivedThe data that host computer is sent, judge that by described default data bit and check bit whether described data are correct, if incorrectReturn to rub-out signal to ask described host computer to resend data; If correctly forward step 2.3 to: carry outNetconn_accept (Conn) function is so that described data are saved to described memory, and release semaphore OSSemPost (Semp)Carry out function Parse (void*p_arg), ICP/IP protocol be re-encoded as to the needed free protocol transmission frame of described slave computer,And by the serial communication interface of described lower end Interface Expanding circuit, described free protocol transmission frame is sent to described slave computer, withDescribed in Shi Qidong, the timer of communication protocols converter inside carries out timing, for check described communication protocols converter and described underWhether the circuit between the machine of position is unobstructed, returns if described microprocessor receives described slave computer in the timing of described timerThe free protocol responses data of returning, perform step 3.2, if described microprocessor does not receive in the timing of described timerThe free protocol responses data of returning to described slave computer, forward step 3.1 to, make described slave computer resend free agreement and ringAnswer data.
9. communication protocol conversion method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in step 3.3, and if desired remote monitoringControl, described microprocessor by free_modbusTCP (void*p_arg) function by free protocol responses data encapsulation isICP/IP protocol specification, and by netconn_write (NewConn, send_buff) function, described ICP/IP protocol is writeLWIP protocol stack, then sends to the remote monitoring of described host computer to be by the Ethernet interface of described upper end Interface Expanding circuitSystem; If need field level monitoring without remote monitoring, described microprocessor is by free_modbusRTU (void*p_arg)Free protocol responses data are converted to ModbusRTU protocol specification by function, and by the string of described upper end Interface Expanding circuitThe communication interface that works is transferred to the Field Monitoring System of described host computer.
10. communication protocol conversion method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step 3.2, and described micro-placeReason device carries out the reception of described free protocol responses data by the method for storehouse, to guarantee the integrality of data and to ensure that data are notCan overflow; Described microprocessor adopts and interrupts and two kinds of processing modes of inquiry in data receiver and processing procedure simultaneously, when describedThe data that host computer sends have entered behind the data buffer zone of described slave computer, and described microprocessor enters and interrupts receiving data,After receiving data, continue to carry out into the program before interruption, if there is simultaneously the situation of several groups of data, described micro-placeReason device can judge and first receive which group data according to interrupt priority level, when interrupting can not receiving and dispatching normally number in processing procedureAccording to time, described microprocessor start adopt inquiry mode, find the data that go wrong, and start to receive and dispatch processing.
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| CN114374746A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-19 | 中国人民解放军空军通信士官学校 | Ethernet network interface converter based on CDP protocol |
| CN114374746B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-12-08 | 中国人民解放军空军通信士官学校 | Ethernet network interface converter based on CDP protocol |
| CN114296380A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Protocol conversion method for hydropower station monitoring system |
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