CN105067565A - Laser cavity ring-down gas spectral measurement system based on femtosecond optical frequency combing - Google Patents
Laser cavity ring-down gas spectral measurement system based on femtosecond optical frequency combing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser cavity ring-down gas spectral measurement system based on femtosecond optical frequency combing and belongs to the field of cavity ring-down gas spectral measurement. The system is composed of a cavity ring-down spectral measurement system, a measuring laser frequency stabilization system and a cavity length stabilization system. A femtosecond pulse laser serves as a frequency standard, measuring laser frequency and cavity length can be traceable to the time frequency standard, and accordingly high-precision cavity ring-down spectral measurement is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum fields of measurement, particularly a kind of laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system based on femtosecond optical frequency comb.
Background technology
Laser Research on Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy has impact, absorption optical length, the sensitivity advantages of higher of not Stimulated Light intensity fluctuation.Usual cavity-type BPM system by passive high-precision chamber, pulsed laser or continuous wave tunable laser instrument, and photoelectric sensor and control system are formed.When continuous laser is injected in the high-fineness optical passive chamber being filled with gas, in the light intensity that other end detector reception cavity transmits, when transmitted light intensity reaches setting threshold value, cut off incident light source, light is roundtrip in chamber, and gas can absorb the light of some specific wavelength, causes transmitted light intensity exponentially to be decayed, matching can obtain light intensity ring-down time, thus can obtain the absorption intensity of gas on this spectral line.
Known by the measuring principle of Research on Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy, in order to improve measuring accuracy, accurately determine that measurement optical maser wavelength and long the stablizing of holding chamber are two gordian techniquies.In order to improve measuring accuracy, technology conventional at present mainly contains two kinds.The first, utilize the high-quality passive cavity that low thermal coefficient of expansion metal obtains, and uses PDH technology will measure the resonance frequency of laser frequency lock to passive cavity, thus realize the measurement of high precision cavity-type BPM.Its shortcoming is that the change of temperature can affect degree of accuracy.The second, certain one side chamber mirror of passive cavity installs PZT additional, utilize the He-Ne laser instrument of iodine frequency stabilization and PDH lock-in techniques to stablize long for chamber on He-Ne laser instrument, thus it is long stable to realize chamber.Recycling femtosecond optical frequency comb, as frequency reference, gets final product the frequency of Measurement accuracy semiconductor laser.Its shortcoming is the change that the frequency change of frequency stabilized laser can cause chamber long.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system based on femtosecond optical frequency comb, utilize femtosecond laser frequency comb as frequency reference, two external cavity tunable laser diode ECDL are all locked to same femtosecond optical frequency comb, wherein one is used for long the stablizing of holding chamber by PDH technology, another is measured for cavity ring-down spectroscopy, its advantage is, measurement optical maser wavelength and chamber, passive high-precision chamber length all can be traced to the source to femtosecond laser frequency comb, i.e. Time and frequency standard, thus realize high-acruracy survey.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Based on a laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system for femtosecond optical frequency comb, comprise cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system, the long systems stabilisation of laser frequency stabilization system and chamber, wherein:
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system comprises external cavity tunable laser diode 1, acousto-optic modulator 4, semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism 1, resonator cavity 6, dichroic mirror 8, photodiode 1 and computer control 20; Wherein external cavity tunable laser diode 1 is as cavity-type BPM measurement light source, its emergent light after acousto-optic modulator 4 by the beam splitting of semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism 1, a branch ofly enter Frequency Locking and control system 22 carries out frequency control, another bundle enters from one end of resonator cavity 6, the light transmiting resonator cavity 6 is received by photodiode 1 after dichroic mirror 8 reflects, and computer control 20 receives the matching that signal that photodiode 1 gathers carries out cavity-type BPM signal and measures;
Laser frequency stabilization system comprises cesium-beam atomic clock 2, femtosecond optical frequency comb 1 and Frequency Locking and control system 22; Wherein cesium-beam atomic clock 2 is connected with femtosecond optical frequency comb 1, and femtosecond optical frequency comb 1 is as frequency reference, and same frequency locking is connected with control system 22;
The long systems stabilisation in chamber comprises external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16, electrooptic modulator 12,1/2nd wave plate one 11,1/2nd wave plate 2 13, quarter-wave plate 9, polarization splitting prism 10, the long control system 21 of photodiode 2 19 and PDH chamber, wherein its frequency is first adjusted in the resonance frequency of resonator cavity 6 by the emergent light of external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16, afterwards by the beam splitting of semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism 2 15, a branch ofly enters Frequency Locking and control system 22 carries out frequency control, another bundle first carries out polarization direction control by polaroid 14 and 1/2nd wave plates 2 13, then frequency-shift signaling is produced by electrooptic modulator 12, again successively by 1/2nd wave plates 1, polarization splitting prism 10 and quarter-wave plate 9, afterwards through the other end of dichroic mirror 8 directive resonator cavity 6, the reflected light produced is reflected back toward ahrens prism 10, interference signal is produced at photodiode 2 18 with the harmonic light transmitted from resonator cavity 6, again interference signal is sent into the long control system 21 in PDH chamber, utilize the precise displacement of PDH technical controlling PZT, thus realize the long accurate control in chamber.
A piezoelectric ceramics 7 pasted by the chamber mirror of the other end of described resonator cavity 6.
In the long systems stabilisation in described chamber, the long control system in PDH chamber (21) controls the modulating frequency of electrooptic modulator (12), two frequency signals not in resonator cavity (6) resonance range are produced outside the emergent light frequency of external cavity tunable laser diode two (16), the intrinsic light of external cavity tunable laser diode two (16) outgoing produces stable resonance signal in resonator cavity (6), and two frequency signals produced through electrooptic modulator (12) modulation are not due in the resonance range of resonator cavity (6), directly can be reflected back toward ahrens prism (10), therefore the harmonic light transmitted from resonator cavity (6) and two other sideband can produce interference signal at photodiode two (18).
In described cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system, the light beam entered from one end of resonator cavity 6 is for carrying out cavity-type BPM measurement, stable light can be produced in resonator cavity 6 when its frequency meets the resonance frequency of resonator cavity 6, photodiode 1 receives its transmission signal, when transmitted signal strength reaches setting threshold value, cut off acousto-optic modulator 4, thus realize the measurement of cavity-type BPM signal.
In the long systems stabilisation in described chamber, the long control system 21 in PDH chamber controls the modulating frequency of electrooptic modulator 12, two frequency signals not in resonator cavity 6 resonance range are produced outside the emergent light frequency of external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16, the intrinsic light of external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16 outgoing produces stable resonance signal in resonator cavity 6, and two are modulated the frequency signal of generation due to not in the resonance range of resonator cavity 6 through electrooptic modulator 12, can directly be reflected back toward ahrens prism 10, therefore the harmonic light transmitted from resonator cavity 6 and two other sideband can produce interference signal at photodiode 2 18.
According to formula
carry out the measurement of cavity-type BPM signal, wherein, I
0for light intensity when cavity-type BPM starts, I
tfor time dependent light intensity, τ swings constant for declining, and is obtained by time signal matching, swings constant τ be expressed as declining of a certain frequency υ place
l is that chamber is long, and c is the light velocity, and R is the reflectivity of two high reflection mirrors in resonator cavity, and C is measured medium concentration, and α is measured medium absorption coefficient, if known measured medium concentration just can calculate measured medium absorption coefficient.
In the present invention, cavity-type BPM measures laser and the long uncertainty in chamber all can be traced to the source to Time and frequency standard.
In the present invention, external cavity tunable laser diode 1 is as cavity-type BPM measurement light source, electrooptic modulator 4 triggers cavity-type BPM as photoswitch and measures, the frequency of external cavity tunable laser diode 1 and external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16 is all stablized to required frequency by Frequency Locking and control system, and adjust by feedback signal, the matching that the signal that computer control can receive photodiode 1 carries out cavity-type BPM signal is measured.Chamber is long stablizes by PDH technology, utilizes the frequency shift signal of electrooptic modulator 12, and is judged by the light signal that resonator cavity 6 reflects and polarization splitting prism 10 reflects, thus holding chamber length is stable.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. adopt the femtosecond laser frequency comb can traced to the source to Time and frequency standard as frequency reference, the long uncertainty of its cavity ring-down spectroscopy uncertainty of measurement and chamber all can be traced to the source to same Time and frequency standard.
2. adopt femtosecond laser frequency comb can realize more high-precision cavity ring-down spectroscopy as frequency reference to measure.
3. adopt the repetition frequency controlling femtosecond laser frequency comb and offset frequency, the frequency that can realize ECDL accurately controls.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The specific embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.In drawing, fine line represents electrical connection; Dotted line represents the light of external cavity tunable laser diode 1 outgoing, and arrow represents radiation direction; Dot-and-dash line represents the light of external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16 outgoing, and arrow represents radiation direction.
A kind of laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system based on femtosecond optical frequency comb of the present invention, comprises cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system, the long systems stabilisation of laser frequency stabilization system and chamber, wherein:
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system comprises external cavity tunable laser diode 1, acousto-optic modulator 4, semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism 1, resonator cavity 6, dichroic mirror 8, photodiode 1 and computer control 20.A piezoelectric ceramics 7 pasted by the chamber mirror of the wherein right-hand member of resonator cavity 6, external cavity tunable laser diode 1 is as cavity-type BPM measurement light source, its emergent light after acousto-optic modulator 4 by the beam splitting of semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism 1, a branch ofly enter Frequency Locking and control system 22 carries out frequency control, another Shu Jinhang cavity-type BPM is measured, enter from the left end of resonator cavity 6, stable light can be produced in resonator cavity 6 when its frequency meets the resonance frequency of resonator cavity 6, the light transmiting resonator cavity 6 from right-hand member is received by photodiode 1 after dichroic mirror 8 reflects, computer control 20 receive photodiode 1 gather signal carry out cavity-type BPM signal matching measure, when transmitted signal strength reaches setting threshold value, cut off acousto-optic modulator 4, thus realize the measurement of cavity-type BPM signal, concrete measurement is with reference to formula:
i
0be light intensity when cavity-type BPM starts, I
tfor time dependent light intensity, can be declined by time signal matching and swing constant τ.Swing constant τ can be written as declining of a certain frequency υ place
l is that chamber is long, and c is the light velocity, and R is specularly reflected rate, and C is measured medium concentration, and α is measured medium absorption coefficient.If known measured medium concentration just can calculate measured medium absorption coefficient.
Carried out collection and the matching of signal by computer control 20, required cavity-type BPM signal can be obtained, spectral information.Can change the output frequency of ECDL and the repetition frequency of femtosecond laser frequency comb and offset frequency, the frequency that can realize ECDL accurately controls.Survey the spectral information of gas.
Laser frequency stabilization system comprises cesium-beam atomic clock 2, femtosecond optical frequency comb 1 and Frequency Locking and control system 22; Wherein cesium-beam atomic clock 2 is connected with femtosecond optical frequency comb 1, and femtosecond optical frequency comb 1 is as frequency reference, and same frequency locking is connected with control system 22.Frequency Locking and control system 22 are that some comb of ECDL and femtosecond optical frequency comb 1 are carried out beat frequency, thus accurately measure the frequency of ECDL and control.
The long systems stabilisation in chamber comprises external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16, electrooptic modulator 12,1/2nd wave plate one 11,1/2nd wave plate 2 13, quarter-wave plate 9, polarization splitting prism 10, the long control system 21 of photodiode 2 19 and PDH chamber, wherein its frequency is first adjusted on resonant frequency by the emergent light of external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16, afterwards by the beam splitting of semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism 2 15, a branch ofly enters Frequency Locking and control system 22 carries out frequency control, another bundle first carries out polarization direction control by polaroid 14 and 1/2nd wave plates 2 13, then frequency-shift signaling is produced by electrooptic modulator 12, the long control system 21 in PDH chamber controls the modulating frequency of electrooptic modulator 12, namely outside external cavity tunable laser diode 2 16 shoot laser frequency, two frequency signals not within the scope of resonant are created, again successively by 1/2nd wave plates 1, polarization splitting prism 10 and quarter-wave plate 9, afterwards through dichroic mirror 8, the intrinsic light of laser emitting can produce stable resonance signal in resonator cavity, two other sideband through electrooptic modulator modulation generation is not due in the resonance range of resonator cavity, can directly be reflected back toward ahrens prism 10.Therefore the harmonic light transmitted from resonator cavity and two other sideband can produce interference signal at photodiode 18, again interference signal is sent into the long control system 21 in PDH chamber, utilize the precise displacement of PDH technical controlling PZT, thus realize the long accurate control in chamber.
In sum, the laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system based on femtosecond optical frequency comb can realize the measurement of high-precision cavity ring-down spectroscopy.
Claims (5)
1. based on a laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system for femtosecond optical frequency comb, it is characterized in that, comprise cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system, the long systems stabilisation of laser frequency stabilization system and chamber, wherein:
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system comprises external cavity tunable laser diode one (3), acousto-optic modulator (4), semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism one (5), resonator cavity (6), dichroic mirror (8), photodiode one (19) and computer control (20), wherein external cavity tunable laser diode one (3) is as cavity-type BPM measurement light source, its emergent light after acousto-optic modulator (4) by the beam splitting of semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism one (5), a branch ofly enter Frequency Locking and control system (22) carries out frequency control, another bundle enters from one end of resonator cavity (6), the light transmiting resonator cavity (6) is received by photodiode one (19) after dichroic mirror (8) reflection, the matching that the signal that computer control (20) reception photodiode one (19) gathers carries out cavity-type BPM signal is measured,
Laser frequency stabilization system comprises cesium-beam atomic clock (2), femtosecond optical frequency comb (1) and Frequency Locking and control system (22); Wherein cesium-beam atomic clock (2) is connected with femtosecond optical frequency comb (1), and femtosecond optical frequency comb (1) is as frequency reference, and same frequency locking is connected with control system (22);
The long systems stabilisation in chamber comprises external cavity tunable laser diode two (16), electrooptic modulator (12), 1/2nd wave plate one (11), 1/2nd wave plates two (13), quarter-wave plate (9), polarization splitting prism (10), photodiode two (19) and PDH chamber long control system (21), wherein its frequency is first adjusted in the resonance frequency of resonator cavity (6) by the emergent light of external cavity tunable laser diode two (16), afterwards by the beam splitting of semi-transparent semi-reflecting Amici prism two (15), a branch ofly enter Frequency Locking and control system (22) carries out frequency control, another bundle first carries out polarization direction control by polaroid (14) and 1/2nd wave plates two (13), then frequency-shift signaling is produced by electrooptic modulator (12), again successively by 1/2nd wave plates one (11), polarization splitting prism (10) and quarter-wave plate (9), afterwards through the other end of dichroic mirror (8) directive resonator cavity (6), the reflected light produced is reflected back toward ahrens prism (10), interference signal is produced at photodiode two (18) with the harmonic light transmitted from resonator cavity (6), interference signal is sent into the long control system in PDH chamber (21) again, utilize the precise displacement of PDH technical controlling PZT, thus realize the long accurate control in chamber.
2. according to claim 1 based on the laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system of femtosecond optical frequency comb, it is characterized in that, a piezoelectric ceramics (7) pasted by the chamber mirror of the other end of described resonator cavity (6).
3. according to claim 1 based on the laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system of femtosecond optical frequency comb, it is characterized in that, in described cavity ring-down spectroscopy measuring system, the light beam entered from one end of resonator cavity (6) is for carrying out cavity-type BPM measurement, stable light can be produced in resonator cavity (6) when its frequency meets the resonance frequency of resonator cavity (6), photodiode one (19) receives its transmission signal, when transmitted signal strength reaches setting threshold value, cut off acousto-optic modulator (4), thus realize the measurement of cavity-type BPM signal.
4., according to claim 1 based on the laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system of femtosecond optical frequency comb, it is characterized in that, according to formula
carry out the measurement of cavity-type BPM signal, wherein, I
0for light intensity when cavity-type BPM starts, I
tfor time dependent light intensity, τ swings constant for declining, and is obtained by time signal matching, swings constant τ be expressed as declining of a certain frequency υ place
l is that chamber is long, and c is the light velocity, and R is the reflectivity of two high reflection mirrors in resonator cavity, and C is measured medium concentration, and α is measured medium absorption coefficient, if known measured medium concentration just can calculate measured medium absorption coefficient.
5. according to claim 1 based on the laser cavity-type BPM gaseous spectrum measuring system of femtosecond optical frequency comb, it is characterized in that, in the long systems stabilisation in described chamber, the long control system in PDH chamber (21) controls the modulating frequency of electrooptic modulator (12), two frequency signals not in resonator cavity (6) resonance range are produced outside the emergent light frequency of external cavity tunable laser diode two (16), the intrinsic light of external cavity tunable laser diode two (16) outgoing produces stable resonance signal in resonator cavity (6), and two frequency signals produced through electrooptic modulator (12) modulation are not due in the resonance range of resonator cavity (6), directly can be reflected back toward ahrens prism (10), therefore the harmonic light transmitted from resonator cavity (6) and two other sideband can produce interference signal at photodiode two (18).
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110657994A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for monitoring combustion field of aero-engine by spatial access type optical frequency comb system |
| WO2020184474A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-17 | 積水メディカル株式会社 | Analyzing device |
| CN114279985A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Gas concentration detection system based on frequency stabilized laser |
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