CN104989345A - Auxiliary extraction method for single horizontal well solvent - Google Patents
Auxiliary extraction method for single horizontal well solvent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an auxiliary extraction method for a single horizontal well solvent. The method comprises the following steps that: 1, a single horizontal well pattern is deployed, and the distance from a horizontal section of a horizontal well to the bottom of an oil reservoir is less than 1m; 2, a composite gas solvent formed by C1-C4 organic compounds and CO2 is injected through a long pipe at the pressure being greater than the dew point pressure of the composite gas solvent; 3, the well is closed for 1 to 2 days, the horizontal section of the horizontal well is heated, and the heating is stopped when the horizontal section is heated to 50 to 70 DEG C; 4, extraction is performed in a mode of using the long pipe to inject thin oil and using a short pipe to extract oil, the extraction process lasts for 2 days, the composite gas solvent is injected through the long pipe when the underground pressure is lower than 1MPa, the operations in the third step are repeated, and the injection quantity of the composite gas solvent is 1 to 3 times of the volume of a solvent cavity; 5, the operations in the second step to the fourth step are repeated, and the extraction is completed when the extraction degree reaches more than 50 percent and the extraction efficiency is lower than an economic limit. The extraction method has the advantages that the single-well cost is low; the technical requirement on drilling is low; the process is a waterless process; and the energy consumption is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil reservoir exploitation method, the exploitation method that single horizontal well solvent of the thin heavy oil that particularly a kind of thermal recovery is less economical is auxiliary, belong to technical field of petroleum extraction.
Background technology
The development technique of the main flow of current oil reservoir uses the exploitation via steam injection technology such as steam soak, steam flooding, SAGD to exploit.
Wherein, SAGD develops viscous crude and achieves successfully in Canada, obtains business application.Domestic also beginning is attempted, but some application is limited by the restriction of factors, and the thickness as oil reservoir is thin, it is dark to bury, containing edge-bottom water, causes that heat waste is large, development rate is slow, oil-gas ratio is low, business efficiency is poor.
And dual horizontal well requires very high to wellbore trace, parallelism is poor, and the fluctuation of well spacing is large, has a strong impact on development effectiveness.In addition, SAGD startup stage, between 5 meters of traditional wells, oil reservoir thermal communication and fluid communication need to consume a large amount of water and heat, and effect is not also fine.
The thickness of oil reservoir is thin, and development rate is slow, and the oil reservoir development that oil-gas ratio is low, business efficiency is poor becomes the difficult problem generally run in oil reservoir development process.
Therefore, solve that thin heavy oil thermal recovery heat waste is large, a difficult problem high to well-drilling borehole track requirements is this area technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the exploitation method that a kind of single horizontal well solvent is auxiliary, this exploitation gives full play to the advantage of horizontal well gravity drainage, the mode of organic solvent huff and puff oil recovery is utilized effectively to employ viscous crude, there is individual well cost low, low, anhydrous process is required to drilling technology and the low advantage of energy consumption.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the exploitation method that a kind of single horizontal well solvent is auxiliary, this exploitation method comprises the following steps:
Step one: dispose single horizontal well patterns, the distance < 1m bottom the horizontal segment of horizontal well and oil reservoir;
Step 2: under the pressure being greater than dew-point pressure, inject C by long tube
1-C
4organic compound and CO
2composite gas solvent, described dew-point pressure is the dew-point pressure of composite gas solvent;
Step 3: closing well 1-2 days, heats the horizontal segment of horizontal well, when being heated to 50-70 DEG C, stops heating;
Step 4: adopt long tube companion note thin oil, the mode that short tube recovers the oil is exploited, extraction process lasts two days, when the pressure of down-hole is lower than 1MPa, injects described composite gas solvent by long tube, and repeat the step of step 3, wherein, the injection rate of composite gas solvent is 1-3 times of solvent cavity volume;
Step 5: repeat the step of step 2 to step 4, when recovery percent of reserves reaches more than 50%, when production efficiency is lower than economic limit, terminates exploitation, completes the exploitation that described single horizontal well solvent is auxiliary.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, in step, distance bottom the horizontal segment of horizontal well and oil reservoir is more little more economical, if but fixed too low of index, part of horizontal well well section can be caused to be in substrate rock stratum, to production, not there is any effect, have very high risk, general setting is less than 1 meter, and concrete numerical value those skilled in the art can select suitable distance according to real needs.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, solvent chamber in step 4 refers to the injection along with solvent, part viscous crude above Injection Well is plucked out of, and this part space is occupied by the solvent of follow-up injection, and we claim this part space to be the solvent chamber that oil reservoir inside is formed.Solvent chamber constantly expands along with the carrying out of development process.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, in step 5, when output crude value by the estimation of current oil price of the summation > of the solvent cost injected, equipment and manipulation expense then production efficiency lower than economic limit, with an operation cycle for assessing basis.
In above-mentioned exploitation method of the present invention, preferably, in step 2, described C
1-C
4organic compound comprises the combination of one or more in methane, ethane, propane and butane.
In above-mentioned exploitation method of the present invention, preferably, in step 2, CO in composite gas solvent
2volume content be 20%-80%.
In above-mentioned exploitation method of the present invention, in composite gas solvent, the content of carbon dioxide can be selected according to reservoir characteristic.Select according to being: the dew-point pressure Proximity operation pressure of composite gas solvent but more lower slightly than operating pressure.The fluid of such injection oil reservoir can enter in two-phase section (as shown in Figure 1), can ensure that again the overwhelming majority is injected solvent and is in gas phase, make the consumption of composite gas solvent few (density of gas phase is low), but pressure is enough high again, is beneficial to and improves the solubility of composite gas solvent in viscous crude.
In above-mentioned exploitation method of the present invention, preferably, heater is provided with in the horizontal segment of horizontal well.Wherein, this heater can be electric heater unit.
In above-mentioned exploitation method of the present invention, preferably, in the horizontal segment of described horizontal well, be provided with temperature measuring equipment and pressure tester, to implement the temperature and pressure in monitor well.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, in described step 2, dew-point pressure refers to the maximum pressure keeping single gas phase in gas phase hydrocarbon pressurization, and the composition with reservoir temperature and composite gas solvent changes.As, at 20 DEG C, the dew-point pressure of composite gas solvent is 1.5-6MPa.Dew-point pressure is generally high than strata pressure, to ensure that composite gas solvent can inject, but also can not be high especially, otherwise uneconomical, those skilled in the art can judge according to actual conditions.
In above-mentioned exploitation method of the present invention, the long tube of employing is used for gas injection, and gas injection speed does not require high, and the diameter of long tube does not specially require, and the general oil pipe using common model, is generally the oil pipe of 2 (7/8) in models.Short tube is used for adopting liquid, and Produced Liquid is the mixture of viscous crude, solvent, thin oil, and extraction process is that pump is taken out, and uses the oil pipe of common model, is generally the oil pipe of 2 (7/8) in models.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, in step 4, after long tube companion note thin oil mainly prevents output crude oil deaeration, viscosity significantly gos up, and causes extraction pipeline to be blocked.The thin oil adopted can be the self-produced low glutinous crude oil of dehydration of other block of oil field, also can be viscous crude thinner, specifically to fall glutinous and cost control for selection gist.
In above-mentioned exploitation method of the present invention, extraction process is the process that step-down is produced.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, when recovery percent of reserves reaches more than 50%, solvent naphtha rises than significantly, and output oil mass declines fast, and when causing production efficiency lower than economic limit, completed product run.
Above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, mainly comprises and disposes well pattern, solvent injection, immersion and extraction four-stage;
Dispose single horizontal well patterns, as flooding pattern, wherein, ensure the distance <1 rice bottom the horizontal segment of horizontal well and oil reservoir, the built-in heater of horizontal well, for homogeneous heating, under enter point for measuring temperature and pressure tap for monitoring the temperature and pressure of recovery process; And in pit shaft under the screen casing that enters, enter multitube post (temperature tube, heating tubing string, long tube, short tube etc.) under in screen casing, solvent injects stage long tube note double solvents, extraction stage long tube companion note thin oil, and short tube recovers the oil;
In the injection stage, according to factors such as reservoir buried depth, pore pressure, formation temperatures, select suitable composite gas solvent, the duration in injection stage is short, start inject short period in most solvent enter smoothly, after this flow diminishes, and receives solvent power weak; Composite gas solvent injects more than dew-point pressure, and ensure that solvent enters Gas-liquid phase region, now the consumption of solvent is little, and pressure is enough high simultaneously, and the solubility in crude oil is large, and high pressure injects solvent, reaches the object of supplementary stratum energy;
Closing well a period of time after injection double solvents, enter impregnation stage, soak time slightly long (average 1-2 days depends on Crude viscosity and produce oil speed), be mainly high pressure solvent dissolving and fall glutinous, formation foam oil when step-down is produced.Three characteristic areas are formed, as shown in Figure 2 in fill out sand tube;
The extraction stage is pressure reduction, foam oil is (gravity effect is relatively very weak) output under the effect of solvent gas drive, with pressure drop, Crude viscosity rises, this process passes through step-down, the mixture of crude oil and double solvents will form foam oily, under the effect of dissolved gas drive, crude oil (foam oily) in solvent chamber is pushed to shaft bottom fast, after the crude oil deaeration of shaft bottom, viscosity gos up, now by injecting thin oil and shaft bottom heating, reduce its viscosity, crude oil is given rise to ground by the mode then adopting pump to take out.
Above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, the composite gas solvent of use can carry out being separated and reclaiming, and pressurization Posterior circle uses.
Exploitation method of the present invention falls the process such as glutinous, dissolved gas drive, gravity drainage, molecular heat diffusion by solvent, with the extraction of the form of handling up strengthening viscous crude.Wherein, the solvent of injection is gas phase, is easy to separation and recovery, recycles; Wherein, the injection state of composite gas solvent is positioned at two-phase section, near dew point line, to improve the solubility of composite gas solvent in viscous crude as much as possible, reduces its consumption simultaneously;
In impregnation stage, solvent molecule enters in oil phase under the effect of thermal diffusion, and general diffusion depth is 2cm/d, slowly.Under gravity, the viscous crude fallen after sticking slowly departs from oil phase, promotes solvent-oil contact leading edge reach, compensate for and dissolve the low deficiency of diffusion velocity;
The extraction stage is that step-down is produced, and in pressure reduction, operative liquid solvent gasifies, and supplements driving force.In addition, the solvent be dissolved in viscous crude can form foam oil in step-down is produced, and produces the stronger driving force to pit shaft.Very large extraction driving force is formed under two kinds of mechanism.
Above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention is applicable to the less economical thin layer super-heavy oil deposit of thermal recovery, and the energy consumption of this exploitation method is low, and discharge is few, and the rigors of unparalleled horizontal well drilling, is easy to drilling completion;
The solvent of above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention can recycle, and solvent consumption is few, and agalasisa water chemical treatment problem, and to big hole barefoot completion, well pattern tubing string has no special requirements;
Sand producing well in above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention significantly improves oil production rate and UNICOM's speed, and is expected to the interlayer destroying horizontal distribution, when process conditions allow, takes sand and recovers the oil and greatly can accelerate oil production rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is composite gas solvent phasor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that solvent of the present invention is handled up the comparison diagram of different phase.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and beneficial effect, existing following detailed description is carried out to technical scheme of the present invention, but can not be interpreted as to of the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide the exploitation method that a kind of single horizontal well solvent is auxiliary, this exploitation method specifically comprises the following steps:
Oil reservoir and working condition:
The oil reservoir degree of depth 250 meters, effective oil reservoir height 10 meters, reservoir porosity is 30%, and permeability is 5 darcies, and 50 DEG C of degassed crude viscositys are 50000mPaS, formation temperature 22 DEG C.Horizontal well is positioned at above 1 meter of bottom oil reservoir.Horizontal section length is 400 meters, and well spacing is 70 meters, and borehole diameter is 8.5in.7in cutting seam sieve tube completion, prevents horizontal well sand producing well.Enter long and short oil pipe under in screen casing, tubing diameter is 27/8in.Wherein, short tube end connects sucker rod pump, long tube end is dried up horizontal well tiptoe 5-10 rice.In addition, under in screen casing, enter coiled tubing thermometric, arrange electric heater unit along horizontal segment.
First operating pressure scope is selected to be 3-4MPa according to oil reservoir pore pressure, fracture pressure.According to indoor viscous crude solvent optimization screening experiment, obtain the phasor of solvent, and adopt the mixed solvent of 25% propane+75% carbon dioxide as composite gas solvent, at confirming 22 DEG C, mixed solvent is positioned at two-phase section, and dew-point pressure is 3.2MPa, design injection pressure is 3.5MPa.
The good composite gas solvent of on-the-spot mixed preparing, adds back pressure to 8.5MPa, guarantees all solvent liquefaction, then open long tube valve and slowly inject stratum, and the concentration that can ensure to inject solvent like this forms composite design and constant.Observation well head pressure is reacted, and when stopping note after pressure Proximity operation pressure, and supplements a certain amount of solvent of injection in immersion a few hours backsight pressure drop situation.The injection rate of solvent increases along with the continuous extraction of crude oil, the continuous expansion in solvent chamber.Suppose that solvent chamber develops into equilateral triangle and is highly the solvent chamber of 5 meters, its volume is 5773.3m
3, inject solvent and be estimated as 14433.3m
3(under normal temperature, an atmospheric mark state).
Closing well soaks 1 day, and the viscous crude fallen after sticking leaks in pit shaft under gravity.Open down-hole heater (working to add heat drop to stick and supplementary pressure), heating and temperature control is at 50-70 DEG C, and the change of monitor well downforce, be advisable lower than bubble point pressure higher than dew-point pressure with pressure.
In long tube, slowly injecting the dehydration thin oil of other block output of oil field, (injection rate will depending on thinning effect, mix thin oil 5-10wt% and can reach good thinning effect), and from short tube pump extraction oil, because pressure reduction is along with the process that balances each other slowly, this process generally will continue about 2 days.Planned well downforce fall off rate is 1.25MPa/d accordingly, and relative set working conditions of oil extractor (stroke and frequency).
To extraction fluid step-down gas-liquid separation, reclaim vapor phase solvent.Store for subsequent use after the solvent of collection is delivered to water booster system pressure-raising in high pressure piston container.Repeat above step.
Through this well of above-mentioned exploitation method after 120 cycles of experience note solvent operation in totally 360 days, recovery percent of reserves 37%, common property goes out crude oil 18648 tons, is equivalent to day produce oil 51.8 tons.Solvent recovering rate reaches 75%, and peak value monocycle mixed solvent injection rate is 833.3m
3, thin oil consumption is 1865 tons.
Claims (5)
1. the exploitation method that single horizontal well solvent is auxiliary, this exploitation method comprises the following steps:
Step one: dispose single horizontal well patterns, the distance < 1m bottom the horizontal segment of horizontal well and oil reservoir;
Step 2: under the pressure being greater than dew-point pressure, inject C by long tube
1-C
4organic compound and CO
2composite gas solvent, described dew-point pressure is the dew-point pressure of composite gas solvent;
Step 3: closing well 1-2 days, heats the horizontal segment of horizontal well, when being heated to 50-70 DEG C, stops heating;
Step 4: adopt long tube companion note thin oil, the mode that short tube recovers the oil is exploited, extraction process lasts two days, when the pressure of down-hole is lower than 1MPa, inject described composite gas solvent by long tube, repeat the step of step 3, wherein, the injection rate of composite gas solvent is 1-3 times of solvent cavity volume;
Step 5: repeat the step of step 2 to step 4, when recovery percent of reserves reaches more than 50%, when production efficiency is lower than economic limit, terminates exploitation, completes the exploitation that described single horizontal well solvent is auxiliary.
2. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, in step 2, described C
1-C
4organic compound comprises the combination of one or more in methane, ethane, propane and butane.
3. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, in step 2, CO in composite gas solvent
2volume content be 20%-80%.
4. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, is provided with heater in the horizontal segment of described horizontal well.
5. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, is provided with temperature measuring equipment and pressure tester in the horizontal segment of described horizontal well.
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| CN111520118A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-11 | 西南石油大学 | Recyclable heavy oil recovery method and system for heating injected solvent underground |
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