CN104734963B - A kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN - Google Patents
A kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN, domain name mapping module, address conversion module, translation module, mapping block, Topology Management module, temporary address pond management module involved in this method implementation procedure, domain name mapping module is nucleus module, the processing for carrying out DNS request；Address conversion module carries out the conversion of the addresses IPv4 and the addresses IPv6, is called for domain name mapping module；Translation module is used for the mutual translation of IPv4 messages and IPv6 messages, includes the translation of IP headers, icmp packet and TCP/UDP messages；Mapping block is used for maintaining the mapping table of domain name and IP address, stores the mapping relations of domain name and the addresses IPv4, the addresses IPv6；Topology Management module is used to safeguard the Global Topological of network；Temporary address pond management module is used for the distribution and recycling of the addresses temporary IP v4.This method be capable of the conversion of resolution protocol, address mapping problems, realize interconnecting for the whole network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network communication technology fields, and it is mutual to specifically relate to a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 networks based on SDN
Even method.
Background technology
IP agreement is born in the mid-1970s, and IPv4 is the 4th version of IP agreement, and most popular IP at present
Layer protocol.IPv4 plays the development of internet crucial effect.However not due to limited address space and distribution
When the address space of IPv4 has exhausted.According to the statistical report of IANA, 2 months 2011 No. 3 addresses IPv4 of cut-off are whole
It dispenses.With exhausting for IPv4, researchers increasingly focus on the development of IPv6 technologies.IPv6 is by IETF in order to thorough
Bottom solves the problems, such as IPv4 address shortages and a kind of new IP agreement for proposing, it uses 128 address spaces, solves IPv4
Address shortage and other problems, and be improved in all various aspects.It includes mainly the header format of simplification that these, which are improved, supports to expand
Exhibition stem and option, support automatically configure, enhanced quality-of-service QoS, support Anycast etc..
After IPv6 is suggested, due to the incompatibility of IPv6 and IPv4 so that can IPv4 to IPv6 transition
As the key of IPv6 success.Therefore researchers are just finding schemes of the IPv4 to IPv6 smooth transitions at the beginning.It can
Cherish up to this point that there are no good schemes can be fully solved this problem.The scheme of IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunications at present is main
There are three types of：Double-stack technology, tunneling technique, translation technology.It includes IPv4 and IPv6 that so-called double-stack technology, which is exactly terminal/host,
Two protocol stacks, host determine which IP protocol stack transmission data packet used according to IP address.The shortcomings that this mode is old
The equipment that can not upgrade can not use, and each node must configure two protocol stacks.Tunneling technique seals message
Dress adds the stem of IPv4 before IPv6 messages.So that the message of IPv6 " seems " it is IPv4 messages in IPv4 networks,
It is decapsulated again after reaching IPv6 networks, is reduced into IPv6 messages and is forwarded.There are 6rd, A+P scheme using tunnel style.This
Kind scheme is only required in encapsulation/decapsulation node installation dual stack, carries out more convenient.Translation technology includes mainly
The translation of the translation of translation, the application of IPv4 and IPv6 protocol layers, protocol layer generally uses NAT-PT technologies, the translation one of application
As completed by application proxy gateway A LG.Node need not be transformed in translation technology, but interpretation method is more complicated, address
The expense of conversion and protocol conversion is bigger.
SDN originates from a campus project for being called clean slate of Stanford University earliest.It is a kind of innovative
Network architecture, core concept is that Forwarding plane and control plane are detached.Pass through the SDN controllers of centralization
Controller is configured and is managed to a variety of different network equipments using the interface of standard so that the management to network
More centralization, fining.Prototype realization patterns of the OpenFlow as SDN, this management and control separation for having fully demonstrated SDN are thought
Think.Therefore usually people are using OpenFlow as the communication standard of SDN, the communication standard just as ICP/IP protocol as internet
Equally.
Through retrieval, it is not closer to technical scheme on national patent board web and foreign patent board web
Technical solution application cross patent, the periodical file not also being closer to technical scheme, only a meeting document
" DevOps Migration to IPv6 Powered by SDN " uses transitional technologies of the SDN as IPv6, meanwhile, it is open
Number it is CN104135446A, publication date is that the Chinese patent literature on November 5th, 2014 is disclosed and a kind of realized based on SDN
IPv4 is related to the fields SDN, the hardware of the system includes controller and interchanger, the system to the system and method for IPv6 transition
Software module developed in the application layer of linux operating systems, controller includes the first OpenFlow interface modules, first matches
Set management module, the first flow table management module and the first address management module；Interchanger include the 2nd OpenFlow interface modules,
Second configuration management module, the second flow table management module, the second address management module, tunnel module and network address translation NAT
Module.Invention energy is flexible, is simply to set interchanger from IPv4 to the technology of IPv6 transition, realizes the flexible control of network flow
System supports conventional switch, facilitates extension, and transplantability is good, and exploitation again is easy.
But either above-mentioned meeting document or above-mentioned Chinese patent literature, the technical solution and the application realized
Technical solution be very different.It can be seen that the technology is indifferent to the conversion of agreement from document, SDN is done only simple
Flow table, forwarding of tabling look-up are added, therefore can not support the intercommunication of IPv4, IPv6 and SDN of non-dual stack.It can from patent document
To find out that this method needs interchanger tool there are two OpenFlow interface modules and two OpenFlow flow table modules, need
Increase tunnel module on penFlow interchangers, changes increase to which hardware must be carried out on existing OpenFlow interchangers
New function, and SDN network workflow is caused to complicate.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to cannot achieve the technology of the full intercommunication of SDN, IPv4 and IPv6 network for above-mentioned DevOps technologies
Problem proposes a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN.This method is capable of the conversion of resolution protocol, address
Mapping problems realizes interconnecting for the whole network.
The present invention is realized by using following technical proposals：
A kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN, it is characterised in that：
Step 1, when netinit, SDN controllers obtain SDN global network topology informations by detection；
Step 2, it is interacted by Topology Management module and the BGP message of IPv4 networks or IPV6 networks, SDN controllers obtain
The reachability information for obtaining IPv6 networks and IPv4 networks, is stored in respectively in different tables, and finding routing for step 5 uses；
Step 3, when the host in IPv4 either IPv6 networks will access non-IPv4 IPv6 networks in a manner of domain name,
Host inquires local dns cache table first, if there is matched entry, goes to step 11；Otherwise DNS request is sent to configure to host
Source dns server；
Step 4, source dns server parses the domain name, if successfully resolved, returns to the IP address obtained after parsing to master
Machine goes to step 11, otherwise goes to step 5；
Step 5, source dns server sends the DNS request of the domain name to SDN；
Step 6, the SDN controllers of SDN network call domain name mapping module to be handled, and domain name mapping module first looks for
Whether SDN has matched entry, if there is going to step 10, otherwise goes to step 7；
Step 7, domain name mapping module according to the IP address of request judge generate DNS request message be sent to IPv4 or
The dns server of IPv6 networks；
Step 8, the dns server in corresponding IP network is parsed, and the IP address after parsing is issued SDN；
Step 9, domain name mapping module receives DNS response messages, call address conversion module or the management of temporary address pond
The entry that module generates " domain name-IPv4-IPv6 " is added to mapping block；
Step 10, domain name mapping module generates the DNS response messages comprising the addresses IPv4 or the addresses IPv6 and is sent to source
DNS, source request dns server is asked to relay to source requesting host；
Step 11, source requesting host is communicated with the IP address, when data packet passes through SDN, domain name mapping module
Translation module is called to carry out the mutual translation of IPv4 data packets and IPv6 data packets；The translation module of the step 11 is used for carrying out
The translation of header and message.
" detection " of the step 1 refers to that SDN controllers detect SDN network by periodically sending LLDP data packets
The active state of interior joint, and then maintain the active topology of SDN network.
The reachability information of the step 2 is obtained by the interaction of bgp protocol.
The domain name request transmission process of the step 5 be specifically source dns server with source IP address being set as the IP of oneself
Location is set as purpose IP address the IP address of SDN controllers, using the DNS request content of source requesting host as new DNS request
Content；The entire processing procedure of DNS request is transparent for the requesting host of source.
" lookup " of the step 6 includes the lookup of the domain name table of SDN and two parts of lookup of mapping block, Qian Zhedai
The domain name of table request is in SDN network, and the latter then represents the domain name of request in other IP network, but has had caching.
The step 7 further comprises：
If it is in the system of multiple SDN network, multiple IPv4 networks and multiple IPv6 network interconnections, domain name mapping mould
Other networks of network where block will send a DNS request to non-network itself and source DNS request respectively, until some network
Until dns server successfully resolved.
The address conversion module of the step 9 is used for according to rule IPv4 address conversions into the addresses IPv6, address conversion
The rule of use is one new address IPv6 of part composition using the addresses IPv4 as the addresses IPv6, and the addresses IPv6 are by preceding
Sew, the addresses IPv4, suffix composition；Rule reference RFC documents " the IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 specifically used
Translators”（RFC6052）.
The temporary address pond management module of the step 9 is used for managing the distribution and recycling of temporary address, works as domain name mapping
When needing using the temporary IP addresses v4, a unappropriated address IPv4 is taken out from the pond of temporary address, and according to mapping block
Recycling of the expiration mechanism to the addresses IPv4 dispensed；The mapping block of the step 9 is used for maintaining domain name and IP
The mapping table of address, stores the mapping relations of domain name and the addresses IPv4, the addresses IPv6, and provides expiration mechanism；Mapping block
Expiration mechanism refer specifically to, when some mapping relations is not used for a period of time, delete the mapping relations, and notify provisionally
Location management module recycles the addresses temporary IP v4 of the mapping relations.
The step 11 further comprises：The mutual translation of IPv4 data packets and IPv6 data packets mainly uses SIIT
（Stateless IP/ICMP Translation）Technology carries out the translation of IP headers between the two, if it is icmp packet,
The translation for carrying out ICMP-ICMPv6, if it is TCP/UDP, recalculate verification and.
Compared with prior art, what the present invention was reached has the beneficial effect that：
1, the full intercommunication of SDN, IPv4 and IPv6 may be implemented in the technical program, and either IPv4 accesses IPv4, IPv6 and visits
Ask that IPv6, IPv4 access IPv6 or IPv6 and access IPv4 or SDN access IP networks, the technical program can ensure to mix
Close the normal communication between the host of network.
2, the technical program is seldom to the change of traditional network, it is thus only necessary to add one on a dns and arrive SDN nets
The route table items of the SDN controllers of network.Any change is not done for nodes such as remaining host, router and interchangers in network
Dynamic, this makes this programme that can be used in current network well by simply configuring.
3, the technical program has the very strong transparency.For the host of IPv4 IPv6 networks, they do not have to close
The corresponding address of heart domain name is IPv4 or IPv6, it is only necessary to which inputs domain name can access service.For intermediate numerous and jumbled
Conversion links, host is not known completely also to be required no knowledge about, and this characteristic has very important significance for seamlessly transitting.
4, compared with meeting document " DevOps Migration to IPv6 Powered by SDN ", the application is had
The special technique effect having pays close attention to IPv4-IPv6 from IP layers to the protocol conversion of application layer, supports the IP network of non-dual stack
The intercommunication of network and SDN network.
5, compared with Publication No. CN104135446A Chinese patent documents, special technology effect possessed by the application
Fruit is seldom to the change of legacy network equipment, and the change done concentrates on can be on the controller of software programming, this is conducive to this
Implementation and deployment of the method in specific network environment.
Description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein：
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the module maps of the IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods of SDN.
Fig. 2 is that IPv4 hosts of the embodiment of the present invention access IPv6 server flow charts.
Fig. 3 is that IPv6 hosts of the embodiment of the present invention access IPv4 server flow charts.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
As the preferred forms of this method, referring to Figures 1 and 2, this example accesses IPv6's with the host H1 of IPv4
Server S erver（www.aaa6.com）For, its communication process is briefly described, is as follows：
Step 1, when there is a host H1 to access domain name www.aaa6.com in IPv4 networks, the DNS service of acquiescence
The DNS request can be transmitted to SDN network by device DNS-IPv4 parsings less than the domain name；
Step 2, the SDN controllers of SDN network give domain name mapping module processing after receiving domain name mapping request.It
It will first look for correlation module and see if there is matching entry presence, if so, directly generating DNS response reports according to matching entry
Text goes to step 6；If not provided, sending DNS-IPv6 server of the DNS request to IPv6 networks；The correlation module of the step 2
Domain name table including SDN and mapping block two parts；
Step 3, after DNS-IPv6 servers are parsed, the corresponding addresses IPv6 of domain name are returned to；
Step 4, domain name mapping module call temporary address pond management module taken from temporary IP v4 address pools one not by
The addresses IPv4 used are used to H1 communications, call address conversion module the IPv4 address conversions of H1 at corresponding IPv6
Location, and mapping block is called to record mapping relations；Here the mapping relations added have two, and one is IP address about H1
Mapping relations, i.e. " domain name-IPv4H1-IPv6H1", another is mapping relations about the IP address of IPv6 servers, i.e. " domain
Name-IPv4Server-IPv6Server”；
Step 5, domain name mapping module generates DNS response messages according to the newly assigned addresses IPv4 and is transmitted to dns server
DNS-IPv4 servers, DNS-IPv4 servers are modified slightly response message, return to host H1；
Step 6, using the addresses IPv4 returned, IP address accesses server S erver to H1 as a purpose；Message reaches SDN
Network；
Step 7, the domain name mapping module of the SDN controllers of SDN network calls mapping block and translation module that IPv4 is reported
Text translates into IPv6 messages；
Step 8, IPv6 messages enter IPv6 networks from SDN, and H1 is returned result to after Server processing, and message passes through SDN
Network；
Step 9, the domain name mapping module of the SDN controllers of SDN network calls mapping block and translation module that IPv6 is reported
Text translates into IPv4 messages；
Step 10, IPv4 messages reach the H1 of IPv4 networks by SDN network.
The step 1 further comprises：H1 first looks for local dns caching, if without matching entries, is configured to the machine
Dns server send DNS request message, dns server also search less than in the case of, it is forwarded after changing source address
SDN controller of the DNS request to SDN network.
Embodiment 2
As the preferred forms of this method, with reference to Fig. 3, this example accesses the server of IPv4 with the host of IPv6
Server2（www.aaa4.com）For, its communication process is briefly described, is as follows：
Step 1, when there is a host H2 to access domain name www.aaa4.com in IPv6 networks, the DNS service of acquiescence
The DNS request can be transmitted to SDN by device DNS-IPv6 parsings less than the domain name；
Step 2, the SDN controllers of SDN network transfer to domain name mapping module to handle after receiving domain name mapping request.It
SDN domain names table and mapping block will be called first, be searched whether with the presence of matching entry, if so, directly according to map entry
DNS response messages are generated, go to step 6；If not provided, sending DNS-IPv4 server of the DNS request to IPv6 networks；
Step 3, after DNS-IPv4 servers are parsed, the corresponding addresses IPv4 of domain name are returned to；
Step 4, domain name mapping module call temporary address pond management module taken from temporary IP v4 address pools one not by
The addresses IPv4 used are used to H2 communications, call address conversion module the IPv4 address conversions of domain name at corresponding IPv6
Location, and mapping block is called to record mapping relations；Here the mapping relations added have two, and one is IP address about H1
Mapping relations, i.e. " domain name-IPv4H2-IPv6H2", another is mapping relations about the IP address of IPv6 servers, i.e. " domain
Name-IPv4Server2-IPv6Server2”；
Step 5, the addresses IPv6 that domain name mapping module is obtained according to address conversion module generate DNS response messages and are transmitted to
Dns server DNS-IPv6, DNS-IPv6 are modified slightly response message, return to host H2；
Step 6, using the addresses IPv6 returned, IP address accesses server to H2 as a purpose；Message reaches SDN；
Step 7, the domain name mapping module of SDN controllers calls mapping block and translation module that IPv6 messages are translated into
IPv4 messages；
Step 8, IPv4 messages enter IPv4 networks from SDN, and H2 is returned result to after Server2 processing, and message passes through
SDN；
Step 9, the domain name mapping module of SDN controllers calls mapping block and translation module that IPv4 messages are translated into
IPv6 messages issue corresponding flow table item；
Step 10, IPv6 messages reach H2 by SDN.
Embodiment 3
As another preferred forms of this method, this example is with the host of SDN（Assuming that being all the addresses IPv4）It accesses
For the server S erver3 of IPv4/IPv6, its communication process is briefly described, is as follows：
Step 1, when there is a host H3 to access domain name www.aaa4.com in SDN network, the dns server of acquiescence
DNS-SDN is parsed less than the domain name, which can be transmitted to SDN controllers；
Step 2, the SDN controllers of SDN network call after receiving domain name mapping request at domain name mapping module
Reason.It will call mapping block first, search whether with the presence of matching entry, if so, directly generating DNS according to map entry
Response message goes to step 7；If not provided, generating the DNS-IPv4 that DNS request message is sent to IPv4 networks, 3 are gone to step；
Step 3, if DNS-IPv4 can parse the domain name, domain name mapping module of the corresponding addresses IPv4 to SDN is returned,
Go to step 6；Otherwise SDN controllers generate the DNS-IPv6 that DNS request message is sent to IPv6 networks；Go to step 4；
Step 4, DNS-IPv6 parses the domain name, returns to the domain name mapping module of the addresses IPv6 that are obtained after parsing to SDN,
Turn 5；
Step 5, domain name mapping module is called temporary address pond management module to take out an address temporary IP v4 and is communicated to H3
It uses；
Step 6, domain name mapping module calls mapping block to add correspondence mappings relationship；Here the mapping relations added have two
Item, one be the IP address about H3 mapping relations, i.e., " domain name-IPv4H3-IPv6H3 ", another is about server
The mapping relations of IP address, i.e. " domain name-IPv4Server3-IPv6Server3 "；
Step 7, the domain name mapping module of SDN controllers generates DNS response messages according to the addresses IPv4/IPv6 and returns to
Host H3；
Step 8, using the addresses IPv4/IPv6 returned, IP address accesses server to H3 as a purpose.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN, it is characterised in that：
Step 1, when netinit, SDN controllers obtain SDN global network topology informations by detection；
Step 2, it is interacted by Topology Management module and the BGP message of IPv4 networks or IPV6 networks, SDN controllers obtain
The reachability information of IPv6 networks and IPv4 networks is stored in respectively in different tables, and finding routing for step 5 uses；
Step 3, when the host in IPv4 either IPv6 networks will access non-IPv4 IPv6 networks in a manner of domain name, host
Inquiry local dns cache table first goes to step 11 if there is matched entry；Otherwise the source that DNS request is configured to host is sent
Dns server；
Step 4, source dns server parses the domain name, if successfully resolved, returns to the IP address obtained after parsing to host, turns
Step 11,5 are otherwise gone to step；
Step 5, source dns server sends the DNS request of the domain name to SDN；
Step 6, the SDN controllers of SDN network call domain name mapping module to be handled, and domain name mapping module first looks for SDN
Whether there is matched entry, if there is going to step 10, otherwise goes to step 7；
Step 7, domain name mapping module judges that generating DNS request message is sent to IPv4 IPv6 nets according to the IP address of request
The dns server of network；
Step 8, the dns server in corresponding IP network is parsed, and the IP address after parsing is issued SDN；
Step 9, domain name mapping module receives DNS response messages, call address conversion module or temporary address pond management module
The entry for generating " domain name-IPv4-IPv6 " is added to mapping block；
Step 10, domain name mapping module generates the DNS response messages comprising the addresses IPv4 or the addresses IPv6 and is sent to source request
DNS, source request dns server relay to source requesting host；
Step 11, source requesting host is communicated with the IP address, and when data packet passes through SDN, domain name mapping module is called
Translation module carries out the mutual translation of IPv4 data packets and IPv6 data packets；The translation module of the step 11 is used for carrying out header
With the translation of message.
2. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
" detection " of step 1 refers to that SDN controllers detect enlivening for SDN network interior joint by periodically sending LLDP data packets
State, and then maintain the active topology of SDN network.
3. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The reachability information of step 2 is obtained by the interaction of bgp protocol.
4. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The domain name request transmission process of step 5 is specifically the IP address that source dns server is set as source IP address oneself, destination IP
Location is set as the IP address of SDN controllers, using the DNS request content of source requesting host as new DNS request content；DNS request
Entire processing procedure be transparent for the requesting host of source.
5. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
" lookup " of step 6 includes the lookup of the domain name table of SDN and two parts of lookup of mapping block, the former represents the domain name of request
It is in SDN network, the latter then represents the domain name of request in other IP network, but has had caching.
6. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step 7 further comprises：
If it is in the system of multiple SDN network, multiple IPv4 networks and multiple IPv6 network interconnections, domain name mapping module is wanted
Other networks of network where sending a DNS request to non-network itself and source DNS request respectively, until the DNS of some network
Until server successfully resolved.
7. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The address conversion module of step 9 is used for according to rule IPv4 address conversions into the addresses IPv6, and the rule that address conversion uses is
Using the addresses IPv4 as the addresses IPv6 a part composition one new address IPv6, the addresses IPv6 by prefix, the addresses IPv4,
Suffix forms.
8. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The temporary address pond management module of step 9 is used for managing the distribution and recycling of temporary address, when domain name mapping is needed using interim
When the addresses IPv4, a unappropriated address IPv4 is taken out from the pond of temporary address, and according to the expiration mechanism pair of mapping block
The recycling of the addresses IPv4 dispensed；The mapping block of the step 9 is used for maintaining the mapping table of domain name and IP address,
The mapping relations of domain name and the addresses IPv4, the addresses IPv6 are stored, and expiration mechanism is provided；The expiration mechanism of mapping block is specific
Refer to when some mapping relations is not used for a period of time, delete the mapping relations, and temporary address management module is notified to recycle
The addresses temporary IP v4 of the mapping relations.
9. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting methods based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step 11 further comprises：The mutual translation of IPv4 data packets and IPv6 data packets mainly uses SIIT（Stateless IP/
ICMP Translation）Technology carries out the translation of IP headers between the two, if it is icmp packet, carries out ICMP-ICMPv6
Translation, if it is TCP/UDP, recalculate verification and.
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