CN104734963A - IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnection method based on SDN - Google Patents
IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnection method based on SDN Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnection method based on an SDN. A domain name resolution module, an address switch module, a translation module, a map module, a topology management module, and a temporary address pool management module are referred in the process of executing the method; the domain name resolution module is a core module and used for processing a DNS request; the address switch module switches an IPv4 address to an IPv6 address and is used for being called by the domain name resolution module; the translation module is used for mutually translating an IPv4 message and an IPv6 message and comprises an IP masthead, an ICMP message and the translation of TCP/UDP messages; the map module is used for maintaining a mapping table of domain names and IP address and storing the mapping relation between the domain names and an IPv4 address and an IPv6 address; the topology management module is used for maintaining global topology of the internet; the temporary address pool management module is used for distributing and recycling the IPv4 address temporarily. By means of the method, the problems of protocol switching and address mapping are solved, and the interconnection and interworking of the internet is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network communication technology field, exactly relate to a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN.
Background technology
IP agreement is born in the mid-1970s, and IPv4 is the 4th version of IP agreement, is also current most popular IP layer protocol.The development of IPv4 to internet serves crucial effect.But improper due to limited address space and distribution, the address space of IPv4 exhausts.According to the statistical report of IANA, end on February 3rd, 2011 IPv4 address and all dispense.Along with exhausting of IPv4, researchers more and more pay close attention to the development of IPv6 technology.IPv6 is a kind of new IP agreement proposed to thoroughly solve IPv4 address shortage problem by IETF, and it adopts the address space of 128, solves IPv4 address shortage and other problems, and improves in all many-sides.These improvement mainly comprise header format, the support extension header of simplification and option, support configure automatically, enhanced quality-of-service QoS, support Ren Bo etc.
After IPv6 is suggested, due to the incompatibility of IPv6 and IPv4, make IPv4 can become the key of IPv6 success to IPv6 transition.Therefore researchers are just finding the scheme of IPv4 to IPv6 smooth transition at the beginning.Unfortunately good scheme is not up to this point also had to address this problem completely.The scheme of current IPv4 and IPv6 intercommunication mainly contains three kinds: double-stack technology, tunneling technique, translation technology.So-called double-stack technology is exactly that terminal/main frame comprises IPv4 and IPv6 two protocol stacks, and main frame decides to adopt which IP stack to send packet according to IP address.The shortcoming of this mode is that the old equipment that cannot upgrade cannot use, and each node must configure two protocol stacks.Tunneling technique encapsulates message, adds the stem of IPv4 before IPv6 message.It is IPv4 message that the message of IPv6 " is seemed " in IPv4 network, and decapsulation again after arrival IPv6 network, is reduced into IPv6 message and forwards.What adopt tunnel style has 6rd, A+P scheme.This scheme is only required at encapsulation/decapsulation node installation dual stack, carries out more convenient.Translation technology mainly comprises the translation of IPv4 and IPv6 protocol layer, the translation of application, and the translation of protocol layer generally adopts NAT-PT technology, and the translation of application has generally been come by application proxy gateway A LG.Translation technology does not need to transform node, but the expense of interpretation method more complicated, address transition and protocol conversion is larger.
SDN originates from the campus project that of Stanford University is called clean slate the earliest.It is a kind of innovative network architecture, and its core concept is that Forwarding plane is separated with control plane.Use the interface of standard to be configured the various different network equipment and to manage by centralized SDN controller controller, make the management centralization more to network, become more meticulous.OpenFlow, as the prototype realization pattern of SDN, has fully demonstrated this management and control separating thought of SDN.Therefore usually people using the communication standard of OpenFlow as SDN, just as ICP/IP protocol as the Internet communication standard.
Through retrieval, on national patent board web and foreign patent board web, patent is not crossed in the technical scheme application comparatively close with technical scheme, also more not close with technical scheme periodical file, one section of meeting document " DevOps Migration to IPv6 Powered by SDN " is only had to adopt SDN as the transitional technology of IPv6, simultaneously, publication number is CN104135446A, publication date is that the Chinese patent literature on November 5th, 2014 discloses and a kind ofly realizes the system and method for IPv4 to IPv6 transition based on SDN, relate to SDN field, the hardware of this system comprises controller and switch, the software module of this system is all developed in the application layer of linux operating system, controller comprises an OpenFlow interface module, first Configuration Manager, first-class table administration module and the first address management module, switch comprises the 2nd OpenFlow interface module, the second Configuration Manager, second table administration module, the second address management module, tunnel module and network address translation NAT module.This invention can arrange switch flexibly, simply from IPv4 to the technology of IPv6 transition, realizes the flexible control of network traffics, supports conventional switch, convenient expansion, and transplantability is good, and exploitation easily again.
But, no matter be above-mentioned meeting document, or above-mentioned Chinese patent literature, the technical scheme of its technical scheme realized and the application has a great difference.Can find out that from document this technology is indifferent to the conversion of agreement, the just simple interpolation stream table that SDN does, forwarding of tabling look-up, therefore cannot support the intercommunication of IPv4, IPv6 and SDN of non-dual stack.Can find out that from patent document the method needs switch to have two OpenFlow interface modules and two OpenFlow flow table modules, need to increase tunnel module on penFlow switch, thus hardware change increase New function must be carried out on existing OpenFlow switch, and cause SDN workflow complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to the technical problem of the full intercommunication that cannot realize SDN, IPv4 and IPv6 network for above-mentioned DevOps technology, proposes a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN.The method can the conversion of resolution protocol, the mapping problems of address, realize interconnecting of the whole network.
The present invention realizes by adopting following technical proposals:
Based on an IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method of SDN, it is characterized in that:
Step 1, during netinit, SDN controller obtains SDN global network topology information by detection;
Step 2, mutual by the BGP message of Topology Management module and IPv4 network or IPV6 network, SDN controller obtains the reachability information of IPv6 network and IPv4 network, respectively stored in different tables, finds route for step 5;
Step 3, when the main frame in IPv4 or IPv6 network will access non-IPv4 or IPv6 network in domain name mode, first main frame inquires about local dns cache table, if there is the entry of coupling, goes to step 11; Otherwise send DNS request to the source dns server of host configuration;
Step 4, source dns server resolves this domain name, if successfully resolved, the IP address obtained after returning parsing, to main frame, goes to step 11, otherwise goes to step 5;
Step 5, source dns server sends the DNS request of this domain name to SDN;
Step 6, the SDN controller of SDN calls domain name mapping module and processes, and first domain name mapping module searches the entry whether SDN has coupling, if go to step 10, otherwise goes to step 7;
Step 7, domain name mapping module judges to generate the dns server that DNS request message is sent to IPv4 or IPv6 network according to the IP address of request;
Step 8, the dns server in corresponding IP network is resolved, and SDN is issued in the IP address after resolving;
Step 9, domain name mapping module receives DNS response message, and the entry that call address modular converter or pond, temporary address administration module produce " domain name-IPv4-IPv6 " adds mapping block to;
Step 10, domain name mapping module produces the DNS response message comprising IPv4 address or IPv6 address and sends to source request DNS, and request dns server in source is transmitted to source requesting host again;
Step 11, source requesting host communicates with this IP address, and packet is through SDN time, and domain name mapping module calls the mutual translation that translation module carries out IPv4 packet and IPv6 packet; The translation module of described step 11 is used for carrying out the translation of header and message.
" detection " of described step 1 refers to that SDN controller detects the active state of SDN interior joint by periodically sending LLDP packet, and then maintains the active topology of SDN.
The reachability information of described step 2 is by the mutual acquisition of bgp protocol.
The domain name request process of transmitting of described step 5 specifically source dns server is set to source IP address oneself IP address, object IP address is set to the IP address of SDN controller, using the DNS request content of source requesting host as new DNS request content; The whole processing procedure of DNS request is transparent for the requesting host of source.
Described step 6 " searching " comprise the domain name table of SDN search with mapping block search two parts, the domain name that the former represents request is in SDN, and the domain name of latter representative request in other IP network, but has buffer memory.
Described step 7 comprises further:
If in the system of multiple SDN, multiple IPv4 network and multiple IPv6 network interconnection, domain name mapping module will send a DNS request to other networks of non-network own and DNS request place, source network respectively, until the dns server successfully resolved of some networks.
The address conversion module of described step 9 is used for, according to rule, IPv4 address transition is become IPv6 address, the rule that address transition adopts is that IPv4 address is formed a new IPv6 address as the part of IPv6 address, and this IPv6 address is made up of prefix, IPv4 address, suffix; The rule reference RFC document " IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators " (RFC6052) of concrete employing.
Pond, the temporary address administration module of described step 9 is used for managing distribution and the recovery of temporary address, when domain name mapping needs to use temporary IP v4 address, a unappropriated IPv4 address is taken out from pond, temporary address, and according to the expiration mechanism of mapping block to the recovery of the IPv4 address dispensed; The mapping block of described step 9 is used for maintaining the mapping table of domain name and IP address, stores the mapping relations of domain name and IPv4 address, IPv6 address, and provides expiration mechanism; The expiration mechanism of mapping block specifically refers to, when some mapping relations a period of times do not use, delete this mapping relations, and notifies that temporary address administration module reclaims the temporary IP v4 address of these mapping relations.
Described step 11 comprises further: the mutual translation of IPv4 packet and IPv6 packet, main employing SIIT(Stateless IP/ICMP Translation) technology, carry out the translation of IP header between the two, if icmp packet, carry out the translation of ICMP-ICMPv6, if TCP/UDP, recalculate School Affairs.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is as follows:
1, the technical program can realize the full intercommunication of SDN, IPv4 and IPv6, no matter be that IPv4 accesses IPv4, IPv6 access IPv6, IPv4 access IPv6, or IPv6 accesses IPv4, or SDN accesses IP network, and the technical program can ensure the proper communication between the main frame of hybrid network.
2, the technical program is little to the change of legacy network, only needs to add a route table items to the SDN controller of SDN on a dns.Do not do any variation for nodes such as all the other main frames, router and the switches in network, this makes this programme pass through simply to configure just can use in current network well.
3, the technical program has the very strong transparency.For the main frame of IPv4 or IPv6 network, they need not be concerned about that address corresponding to domain name is IPv4 or IPv6, only need input domain name just can access services.For the conversion links that centre is numerous and jumbled, main frame does not know not need to know completely yet, and this characteristic has very important significance for seamlessly transitting.
4, compared with meeting document " DevOps Migration to IPv6 Powered by SDN ", the special technique effect that the application has pays close attention to IPv4-IPv6 from IP layer to the protocol conversion of application layer, supports the IP network of non-dual stack and the intercommunication of SDN.
5, compared with being CN104135446A Chinese patent document with publication number, the special technique effect that the application has is little to the change of legacy network equipment, the change done concentrates on can on the controller of software programming, and this is conducive to the enforcement of this method in concrete network environment and deployment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the module map of IPv4 and the IPv6 network interconnecting method that the present invention is based on SDN.
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention IPv4 host access IPv6 server flow chart.
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention IPv6 host access IPv4 server flow chart.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As the preferred forms of this method, see figures.1.and.2, this example accesses the server S erver(www.aaa6.com of IPv6 for the main frame H1 of IPv4), concise and to the point its communication process of description, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, when there being a main frame H1 to access domain name www.aaa6.com in IPv4 network, the dns server DNS-IPv4 of its acquiescence resolves less than this domain name, this DNS request can be transmitted to SDN;
Step 2, gives domain name mapping resume module after the SDN controller of SDN receives this domain name mapping request.First it will search correlation module and see if there is the existence of coupling entry, if had, directly generate DNS response message according to coupling entry, go to step 6; If no, send DNS request to the DNS-IPv6 server of IPv6 network; The correlation module of described step 2 comprises domain name table and mapping block two parts of SDN;
Step 3, after DNS-IPv6 server is resolved, returns to the IPv6 address that domain name is corresponding;
Step 4, domain name mapping module is called pond, temporary address administration module and from temporary IP v4 address pool, is got one do not used to H1 communication by the IPv4 address that uses, call address modular converter becomes corresponding IPv6 address the IPv4 address transition of H1, and calls mapping block record mapping relations; The mapping relations of adding here have two, and one is the mapping relations of IP address about H1, i.e. " domain name-IPv4
h1-IPv6
h1", another is the mapping relations of the IP address about IPv6 server, i.e. " domain name-IPv4
server-IPv6
server";
Step 5, domain name mapping module generates DNS response message according to newly assigned IPv4 address and is transmitted to dns server DNS-IPv4 server, and DNS-IPv4 server slightly makes an amendment response message, returns to main frame H1;
Step 6, H1 utilizes the IPv4 address returned as object IP address access services device Server; Message arrives SDN;
Step 7, the domain name mapping module of the SDN controller of SDN calls mapping block and translation module translates into IPv6 message IPv4 message;
Step 8, IPv6 message enters IPv6 network from SDN, and return results after Server process to H1, message is through SDN;
Step 9, the domain name mapping module of the SDN controller of SDN calls mapping block and translation module translates into IPv4 message IPv6 message;
Step 10, IPv4 message arrives the H1 of IPv4 network through SDN.
Described step 1 comprises further: first H1 searches local dns buffer memory, if there is no matching entries, dns server to the machine configuration sends DNS request message, when dns server also search less than, it forwards the SDN controller of this DNS request to SDN after revising source address.
Embodiment 2
As the preferred forms of this method, with reference to Fig. 3, this example is for the server S erver2(www.aaa4.com of the host access IPv4 of IPv6), concise and to the point its communication process of description, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, when there being a main frame H2 to access domain name www.aaa4.com in IPv6 network, the dns server DNS-IPv6 of its acquiescence resolves less than this domain name, this DNS request can be transmitted to SDN;
Step 2, transfers to domain name mapping resume module after the SDN controller of SDN receives this domain name mapping request.Whether first it will call SDN domain name table and mapping block, search and have coupling entry to exist, if had, directly generate DNS response message according to map entry, go to step 6; If no, send DNS request to the DNS-IPv4 server of IPv6 network;
Step 3, after DNS-IPv4 server is resolved, returns to the IPv4 address that domain name is corresponding;
Step 4, domain name mapping module is called pond, temporary address administration module and from temporary IP v4 address pool, is got one do not used to H2 communication by the IPv4 address that uses, call address modular converter becomes corresponding IPv6 address the IPv4 address transition of domain name, and calls mapping block record mapping relations; The mapping relations of adding here have two, and one is the mapping relations of IP address about H1, i.e. " domain name-IPv4
h2-IPv6
h2", another is the mapping relations of the IP address about IPv6 server, i.e. " domain name-IPv4
server2-IPv6
server2";
Step 5, domain name mapping module generates DNS response message according to the IPv6 address that address conversion module obtains and is transmitted to dns server DNS-IPv6, and DNS-IPv6 slightly makes an amendment response message, returns to main frame H2;
Step 6, H2 utilizes the IPv6 address returned as object IP address access services device; Message arrives SDN;
Step 7, the domain name mapping module of SDN controller calls mapping block and translation module translates into IPv4 message IPv6 message;
Step 8, IPv4 message enters IPv4 network from SDN, and return results after Server2 process to H2, message is through SDN;
Step 9, the domain name mapping module of SDN controller calls mapping block and translation module translates into IPv6 message IPv4 message, issues corresponding stream list item;
Step 10, IPv6 message arrives H2 through SDN.
Embodiment 3
As another preferred forms of this method, this example accesses the server S erver3 of IPv4/IPv6 for the main frame of SDN (supposing it is all IPv4 address), concise and to the point its communication process of description, and concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, when there being a main frame H3 to access domain name www.aaa4.com in SDN, the dns server DNS-SDN of its acquiescence resolves less than this domain name, this DNS request can be transmitted to SDN controller;
Step 2, calls domain name mapping module after the SDN controller of SDN receives this domain name mapping request and processes.Whether first it will call mapping block, search and have coupling entry to exist, if had, directly generate DNS response message according to map entry, go to step 7; If no, generate the DNS-IPv4 that DNS request message sends to IPv4 network, go to step 3;
Step 3, if DNS-IPv4 can resolve this domain name, returns to corresponding IPv4 address to the domain name mapping module of SDN, goes to step 6; Otherwise SDN controller generates the DNS-IPv6 that DNS request message sends to IPv6 network; Go to step 4;
Step 4, DNS-IPv6 resolves this domain name, and the IPv6 address obtained after returning parsing, to the domain name mapping module of SDN, turns 5;
Step 5, domain name mapping module is called pond, temporary address administration module and is taken out a temporary IP v4 address to H3 communication use;
Step 6, domain name mapping module is called mapping block and is added correspondence mappings relation; The mapping relations of adding here have two, and one is the mapping relations of IP address about H3, and i.e. " domain name-IPv4H3-IPv6H3 ", another is the mapping relations of the IP address about server, i.e. " domain name-IPv4Server3-IPv6Server3 ";
Step 7, the domain name mapping module of SDN controller generates DNS response message according to this IPv4/IPv6 address and returns to main frame H3;
Step 8, H3 utilizes the IPv4/IPv6 address returned as object IP address access services device.
Claims (9)
1., based on an IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method of SDN, it is characterized in that:
Step 1, during netinit, SDN controller obtains SDN global network topology information by detection;
Step 2, mutual by the BGP message of Topology Management module and IPv4 network or IPV6 network, SDN controller obtains the reachability information of IPv6 network and IPv4 network, respectively stored in different tables, finds route for step 5;
Step 3, when the main frame in IPv4 or IPv6 network will access non-IPv4 or IPv6 network in domain name mode, first main frame inquires about local dns cache table, if there is the entry of coupling, goes to step 11; Otherwise send DNS request to the source dns server of host configuration;
Step 4, source dns server resolves this domain name, if successfully resolved, the IP address obtained after returning parsing, to main frame, goes to step 11, otherwise goes to step 5;
Step 5, source dns server sends the DNS request of this domain name to SDN;
Step 6, the SDN controller of SDN calls domain name mapping module and processes, and first domain name mapping module searches the entry whether SDN has coupling, if go to step 10, otherwise goes to step 7;
Step 7, domain name mapping module judges to generate the dns server that DNS request message is sent to IPv4 or IPv6 network according to the IP address of request;
Step 8, the dns server in corresponding IP network is resolved, and SDN is issued in the IP address after resolving;
Step 9, domain name mapping module receives DNS response message, and the entry that call address modular converter or pond, temporary address administration module produce " domain name-IPv4-IPv6 " adds mapping block to;
Step 10, domain name mapping module produces the DNS response message comprising IPv4 address or IPv6 address and sends to source request DNS, and request dns server in source is transmitted to source requesting host main frame again;
Step 11, source requesting host main frame communicates with this IP address, and packet is through SDN time, and domain name mapping module calls the mutual translation that translation module carries out IPv4 packet and IPv6 packet; The translation module of described step 11 is used for carrying out the translation of header and message.
2. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: " detection " of described step 1 refers to that SDN controller detects the active state of SDN interior joint by periodically sending LLDP packet, and then maintain the active topology of SDN.
3. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reachability information of described step 2 is by the mutual acquisition of bgp protocol.
4. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the domain name request process of transmitting of described step 5 specifically source dns server is set to source IP address oneself IP address, object IP address is set to the IP address of SDN controller, using the DNS request content of source requesting host as new DNS request content; The whole processing procedure of DNS request is transparent for the requesting host of source.
5. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 6 " searching " comprise the domain name table of SDN search with mapping block search two parts, the domain name that the former represents request is in SDN, the domain name of latter representative request in other IP network, but has buffer memory.
6. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 7 comprises further:
If in the system of multiple SDN, multiple IPv4 network and multiple IPv6 network interconnection, domain name mapping module will send a DNS request to other networks of non-network own and DNS request place, source network respectively, until the dns server successfully resolved of some networks.
7. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the address conversion module of described step 9 is used for, according to rule, IPv4 address transition is become IPv6 address, the rule that address transition adopts is that IPv4 address is formed a new IPv6 address as the part of IPv6 address, and this IPv6 address is made up of prefix, IPv4 address, suffix.
8. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: pond, the temporary address administration module of described step 9 is used for managing distribution and the recovery of temporary address, when domain name mapping needs to use temporary IP v4 address, a unappropriated IPv4 address is taken out from pond, temporary address, and according to the expiration mechanism of mapping block to the recovery of the IPv4 address dispensed; The mapping block of described step 9 is used for maintaining the mapping table of domain name and IP address, stores the mapping relations of domain name and IPv4 address, IPv6 address, and provides expiration mechanism; The expiration mechanism of mapping block specifically refers to, when some mapping relations a period of times do not use, delete this mapping relations, and notifies that temporary address administration module reclaims the temporary IP v4 address of these mapping relations.
9. a kind of IPv4 and IPv6 network interconnecting method based on SDN according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 11 comprises further: the mutual translation of IPv4 packet and IPv6 packet, main employing SIIT(Stateless IP/ICMP Translation) technology, carry out the translation of IP header between the two, if icmp packet, carry out the translation of ICMP-ICMPv6, if TCP/UDP, recalculate School Affairs.
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