CN104049238B - Floor location method based on wireless signal - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of floor location method based on wireless signal, including, place a signal generating source respectively at the location top layer of floor area and bottom；Calculate many floor transfer decay MSPL of individual signals occurring source；Calculate the deamplification eigenvalue Δ MSPL of every floor layer successively；After impact point to be positioned enters location floor area, calculate the deamplification eigenvalue △ MSPL of himself according to its signal from two signal generating sources received, then obtain location floor after every layer of deamplification eigenvalue mates with in step 3.The present invention can adapt to different doors structures, and transplantability is high, it is possible to combines with different plain location methods, concrete layout feature simple, quick.

Description

Floor location method based on wireless signal

Technical field

The present invention relates to floor location method, specifically a kind of decay by wireless signal strength calculates the wireless location method of impact point place floor.

Background technology

At present, along with the development of business and popularizing of location technology, indoor positioning technologies becomes the field that current positioning field is the most very powerful and exceedingly arrogant, and the every aspect of daily life has the application to location technology.Such as scene of a fire locating and tracking, product line worker's locating and tracking etc..For these some sights, researcheres have developed a lot of location algorithms, if ZiguoZhong is in meeting " Proceedingsofthe7^thACMConferenceonEmbeddedNetworkSensorSystem " RSD (RegulatedSignatureDistance) that mentions in " AchievingRange-freeLocalizationBeyondConnectivity " literary composition of delivering, and F-Gustafsson is first born in TDOA (TimeDifferenceofArrival) location algorithm of proposing in the meeting of IEEE for 2003 etc..These algorithms all differ from one another, and such as RSD algorithm is less to the cost of instrument, but precision is slightly inferior；The positioning precision of TDOA algorithm is significantly high, but cost together is significantly high equally.

But, algorithm above is all based on the algorithm of plane positioning, once be applied in three dimensions, how to determine that the height of impact point just becomes the main factor limiting these Technique Popularizings.Therefore, one accurate, pervasive floor location technology of exploitation is necessary.

The main aspect of the indoor three-dimensional localization techniques of puzzlement at present is exactly the determination of floor, secondly also has the decay of a lot of relevant signal factors such as signal, Multipath Transmission (reflection and refraction) of signal etc. under indoor complex environment.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of floor location method based on wireless signal is proposed, it is calculated analyzing by the signal that two signal sources are sent, calculate the floor at impact point place, combine with any plain location method, be provided that very accurate three-dimensional supplies scheme.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of floor location method based on wireless signal, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:

Step 1, place a signal generating source respectively at the location top layer of floor area and bottom；

Step 2, calculate individual signals occurring source many floor transfer decay MSPL, formula is as follows:

MSPL=P_T+ G_T+ G_R-P_R+ N*L_I

Wherein, P_RFor receiving the signal power of signal, P_RFor base station's transmission power, G_TFor transmitter antenna gain (dBi), G_RFor receiving antenna gain, N is the number of wall, L in transmission path_IFor decay through walls；

Step 3, calculating the deamplification eigenvalue Δ MSPL of every floor layer successively, formula is as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\ΔMSPL}={\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S2}-{\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S1}\\ =20\log \sqrt{\frac{x^2+{(H-z)}^2}{x^2+z^2}}+[(H-2z)/h]*L_I\end{array}$

Wherein, signal receives point and is positioned at that (x, z) point, H is building height overall, and h is the height of first floor, MSPL_s1It is the floor transfer decay of the first signal generating source, MSPL_s2Floor transfer for secondary signal occurring source is decayed；

Step 4, when impact point to be positioned enter location floor area after, calculate the deamplification eigenvalue △ MSPL of himself according to its signal from two signal generating sources received, then obtain location floor after every layer of deamplification eigenvalue mates with in step 3.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows by arranging a pair signal generating source top in building and lowermost layer, calculating the deamplification eigenvalue of every floor, draw the floor being positioned a place, concrete advantage is as follows:

1. can adapt to different doors structures；

2. the layout of device is simple, quickly；

3. portable high, it is possible to combine with different plain location methods；

4. positioning precision is high.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1: floor location schematic diagram

Fig. 2: eigenvalue floor distribution schematic diagram

Fig. 3: analysis of experimental data figure

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.

As it is shown in figure 1, by router (Anchor) cloth top at floor and the bottom, impact point (Receiver) all of in floor is positioned in order to realizing.

Through calculating and checking, wireless signal decay in floor is obtained equation below by us:

MSPL=P_T+G_T+G_R-P_R+N*LI_I(1)

Wherein, MSPL (Multi-StoreyPathLoss) decays for many floor transfer, P_RFor receiving the signal power of signal, P_TFor base station's transmission power, G_TFor transmitter antenna gain (dBi), G_RFor receiving antenna gain, N is the number of wall, L in transmission path_IFor decay through walls (being about 20-40dm).

Launch to obtain by formula (1)

$\mathrm{MSPL}=20\log d+20\log f+20\log \left[\frac{4\mathrm{\π}}{c}\right]+N*L_I---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, d is transmission range, and f is the transmission frequency (being about 2400MHz) of signal, and c is the light velocity (3x10⁸m/s)。

Through reckoning it can be seen that when the deamplification eigenvalue calculating a certain floor, formula 3 can be obtained:

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\ΔMSPL}={\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S2}-{\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S1}\\ =20\log \sqrt{\frac{x^2+{(H-z)}^2}{x^2+z^2}}+[(H-2z)/h]*L_I\end{array}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, signal receives point and is positioned at that (x, z) point, H is building height overall, and h is the height of first floor, MSPL_s1It is the floor transfer decay of the first signal generating source, MSPL_s2Floor transfer for secondary signal occurring source is decayed.

According to formula 3, calculate the decay characteristics value △ MSPL of different floor, as in figure 2 it is shown, list when only a pair signal generating source is in the signal intensity floor distribution characteristics value of bottom of the building layer and roof layer.Curve distribution from figure is it can be seen that the eigenvalue of every layer all uniquely and is determined.Theoretical according to this, after arranging environment (signal generation apparatus of bottom and top layer), calculate the eigenvalue of each layer according to said method, the signal then received by signal receiver and eigen value are mated, and namely can determine that the floor at signal receiver place.Such as, when being positioned pad value △ MSPL a little at-100db to time between-75db, it is possible to the Curve Matching of Stall in Fig. 2 (a), namely can determine that its floor is exactly Stall, by that analogy.

Fig. 3 is the analysis chart of our actual tests data, and in the building of a three layers, detailed analyzes the signal distributions that two pairs of routers are at every layer.

It can be seen that the layering of signal characteristic value is obvious, this demonstrate that the practicalness of the present invention and applicability.

Claims (1)

1. the floor location method based on wireless signal, it is characterised in that the method comprises the steps:

Step 1, place a signal generating source respectively at the location top layer of floor area and bottom；

Step 2, calculate individual signals occurring source many floor transfer decay MSPL, formula is as follows:

MSPL=P_T+G_T+G_R-P_R+N*L_I

Wherein, P_RFor receiving the signal power of signal, P_TFor base station's transmission power, G_TFor transmitter antenna gain (dBi), G_RFor receiving antenna gain, N is the number of wall, L in transmission path_IFor decay through walls；

Step 3, calculating the deamplification eigenvalue Δ MSPL of every floor layer successively, formula is as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\Δ}MSPL=MSP{L}_{S2}-MSP{L}_{S1}\\ =20\log \sqrt{\frac{x^2+{(H-z)}^2}{x^2+z^2}}+\[(H-2z)/h\]*L_I\end{array}$

Wherein, signal receives point and is positioned at that (x, z) point, H is building height overall, and h is the height of first floor, MSPL_s1It is many floor transfer decay of the first signal generating source, MSPL_s2Many floor transfer for secondary signal occurring source are decayed；

Step 4, when impact point to be positioned enter location floor area after, calculate the deamplification eigenvalue △ MSPL of himself according to its signal from two signal generating sources received, then obtain location floor after the deamplification eigenvalue of every floor layer mates with in step 3.