CN104049238A - Floor positioning method based on wireless signals - Google Patents

Abstract

A floor positioning method based on wireless signals comprises the steps that two signal generation sources are placed on the top layer and the bottom layer of a positioning floor area respectively; multi-floor transmission attenuation MSPL of each signal generation source is calculated; attenuation signal feature values delta MSPL of all floors are calculated in sequence; when a target point to be positioned enters the positioning floor area, the attenuation signal feature value delta MSPL of the positioning floor area is calculated according to the signals received by the positioning floor area from the two signal generation sources, and then the floor is positioned after the attenuation signal feature value delta MSPL of the positioning floor area is matched with the attenuation signal feature values, obtained from the third step, of all the floors. The floor positioning method based on the wireless signals can adapt to different indoor structures, is extremely high in portability, can be combined with different plane positioning methods and has the advantage that arrangement is simple and rapid.

Description

Floor location method based on wireless signal

Technical field

The present invention relates to floor location method, specifically a kind of wireless location method of decaying to calculate impact point place floor by wireless signal strength.

Background technology

At present, along with the development of business and popularizing of location technology, indoor positioning technology becomes the most very powerful and exceedingly arrogant field of current positioning field, and the every aspect of daily life has the application of pair location technology.For example follow the tracks of location, the scene of a fire, and product line worker locates tracking etc.For these some sights, researchers have developed a lot of location algorithms, if ZiguoZhong is in meeting " Proceedings of the7 ^thaCM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor System " RSD (RegulatedSignature Distance) that mentions in < < Achieving Range-free Localization Beyond Connectivity > > mono-literary composition delivered, and F-Gustafsson is first born in TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) location algorithm proposing in the meeting of IEEE for 2003 etc.These algorithms all differ from one another, and such as RSD algorithm is less to the cost of instrument, but precision is slightly inferior; The positioning precision of TDOA algorithm is very high, but cost is together equally very high.

But above algorithm is all the algorithm based on plane positioning, once be applied in three dimensions, the height of how to confirm impact point just becomes the main factor that limits these Technique Popularizings.Therefore, accurate, a pervasive floor location technology of exploitation is necessary.

The main aspect of the indoor three-dimensional localization techniques of puzzlement is exactly determining of floor at present, secondly also has a lot of relevant signal factors as the decay of signal, Multipath Transmission of signal under indoor complex environment (reflection and refraction) etc.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of floor location method based on wireless signal is proposed, by the signal that two signal sources are sent, carry out computational analysis, calculate the floor at impact point place, with any plain location method combination, can provide very accurate three-dimensional to supply scheme.

Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A floor location method based on wireless signal, its feature is, the method comprises the steps:

Step 1, location floor area top layer and bottom place respectively a signal generating source;

There is many floors transmission attenuation MSPL in source in step 2, calculating individual signals, formula is as follows:

MSPL＝Ｐ _Ｔ＋Ｇ _Ｔ＋Ｇ _Ｒ－Ｐ _R＋Ｎ＊Ｌ _Ｉ

Wherein, P _rfor receiving the signal power of signal, P _rfor base station's transmission power, G _tfor transmitter antenna gain (dBi), G _rfor receiving antenna gain, N is the number of wall in transmission path, L _ifor decay through walls;

Step 3, calculate successively the deamplification eigenwert Δ MSPL of every floor layer, formula is as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\&Delta;MSPL}={\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S2}-{\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S1}\\ =20\log \sqrt{\frac{x^2+{(H-z)}^2}{x^2+z^2}}+[(H-2z)/h]*L_I\end{array}$

Wherein, signal acceptance point is positioned at (x, z) point, and H is building height overall, the height that h is first floor, MSPL _s1for the floor transmission attenuation in first signal generation source, MSPL _s2floor transmission attenuation for secondary signal generation source;

Step 4, when impact point to be positioned enter location floor area after, the calculated signals from two signal generating sources receiving according to it goes out the deamplification eigenwert △ MSPL of himself, then with in step 3 obtains every layer of deamplification eigenwert and mates rear location floor.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows by arranging that a pair of signal generating source, in top layer and the lowermost layer in building, calculates the deamplification eigenwert of every floor, draw the floor at a place that is positioned, concrete advantage is as follows:

1. can adapt to different doors structures;

2. the layout of device is simple, fast;

3. portable high, can with different plain location method combinations;

4. positioning precision is high.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1: floor location schematic diagram

Fig. 2: eigenwert floor distribution schematic diagram

Fig. 3: analysis of experimental data figure

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.

As shown in Figure 1, top layer and the bottom by router (Anchor) cloth at floor, position impact point all in floor (Receiver) in order to realize.

Through calculating and checking, to wireless signal, the decay in floor has obtained following formula for we:

MSPL＝P _T+G _T+G _R-P _R+N*LI _I (1)

Wherein, MSPL (Multi-Storey Path Loss) is the transmission attenuation of many floors, P _rfor receiving the signal power of signal, P _tfor base station's transmission power, G _tfor transmitter antenna gain (dBi), G _rfor receiving antenna gain, N is the number of wall in transmission path, L _ifor decay through walls (being about 20-40dm).

Formula (1) is launched to obtain

$\mathrm{MSPL}=20\log d+20\log f+20\log \left[\frac{4\mathrm{\&pi;}}{c}\right]+N*L_I---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, d is transmission range, the transmission frequency that f is signal (being about 2400MHz), and c is the light velocity (3x10 ⁸m/s).

Known through calculating, when calculating the deamplification eigenwert of a certain floor, can obtain formula 3:

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\&Delta;MSPL}={\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S2}-{\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S1}\\ =20\log \sqrt{\frac{x^2+{(H-z)}^2}{x^2+z^2}}+[(H-2z)/h]*L_I\end{array}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, signal acceptance point is positioned at (x, z) point, and H is building height overall, the height that h is first floor, MSPL _s1for the floor transmission attenuation in first signal generation source, MSPL _s2floor transmission attenuation for secondary signal generation source.

According to formula 3, calculate the decay characteristics value △ MSPL of different floors, as shown in Figure 2, enumerated when only having a pair of signal generating source in the signal intensity floor distribution characteristics value of bottom of the building layer and roof layer.Curve distribution from figure can find out, the eigenwert of every layer is all unique and definite.According to this theory, after arranging environment (signal generation apparatus of bottom and top layer), according to said method, calculate the eigenwert of each layer, the signal of then signal receiver being received and eigen value are mated, and can determine the floor at signal receiver place.For example, when the pad value △ MSPL being positioned a little at-100db between-75db time, can and Fig. 2 (a) in the Curve Matching of Stall, can determine that its floor is exactly Stall, by that analogy.

Fig. 3 is the analysis chart of our actual tests data, in a Ge Sanceng building, detailed analysis the two pairs of routers the signal distributions of every layer.

As can be seen from the figure, the layering of signal characteristic value is obvious, and this has proved practicality of the present invention and applicability.

Claims (1)

1. the floor location method based on wireless signal, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:

Step 1, location floor area top layer and bottom place respectively a signal generating source;

There is many floors transmission attenuation MSPL in source in step 2, calculating individual signals, formula is as follows:

MSPL＝P _T+G _T+G _R-P _R+N*L _I

Wherein, P _rfor receiving the signal power of signal, P _rfor base station's transmission power, G _tfor transmitter antenna gain (dBi), G _rfor receiving antenna gain, N is the number of wall in transmission path, L _ifor decay through walls;

Step 3, calculate successively the deamplification eigenwert Δ MSPL of every floor layer, formula is as follows:

$\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{\&Delta;MSPL}={\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S2}-{\mathrm{MSPL}}_{S1}\\ =20\log \sqrt{\frac{x^2+{(H-z)}^2}{x^2+z^2}}+[(H-2z)/h]*L_I\end{array}$

Wherein, signal acceptance point is positioned at (x, z) point, and H is building height overall, the height that h is first floor, MSPL _s1for the floor transmission attenuation in first signal generation source, MSPL _s2floor transmission attenuation for secondary signal generation source;

Step 4, when impact point to be positioned enter location floor area after, the calculated signals from two signal generating sources receiving according to it goes out the deamplification eigenwert △ MSPL of himself, then with in step 3 obtains every layer of deamplification eigenwert and mates rear location floor.