CN103867387A - Method for controlling maximum power tracing based on wind power generation - Google Patents

Method for controlling maximum power tracing based on wind power generation Download PDF

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CN103867387A
CN103867387A CN201410123781.3A CN201410123781A CN103867387A CN 103867387 A CN103867387 A CN 103867387A CN 201410123781 A CN201410123781 A CN 201410123781A CN 103867387 A CN103867387 A CN 103867387A
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blower fan
speed
power
wind
tracing
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CN103867387B (en
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刘政
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Hunan Zhongnanshan Technology Development Co.,Ltd.
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Zkenergy Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for controlling maximum power tracing based on wind power generation. The method comprises the step of setting original values of parameters such as the step length, the adjusting frequency and the stopping power tracing threshold, the step of sampling a voltage, a current and a frequency and the step of judging and adjusting the frequency. The whole operating process is precise and simple, easy to implement and high in practicability. Multi-dimensional control is carried out by changing the step length, the tracing frequency and the stopping power tracing threshold, the dynamic performance of tracing is improved, and the accuracy of tracing is increased. The strategy of absorbing power dynamically at intervals is adopted, when the wind speed is low and the revolving speed of a draught fan is low, the problems of stalling operation and rotation stopping of the draught fan are solved, and practicability is high. When it is judged that the revolving speed of the draught fan is not changed consecutive several times, continuous tracing after adjustment is carried out on the step length, the tracing frequency and the stopping tracing power threshold, a forced restarting and tracing mechanism is adopted, the problem of invalid tracing caused by non-changing of the measured revolving speed for a long time is solved, the situation that the wind speed fluctuates along with the wind speed is adapted, and the tracing accuracy is improved.

Description

The method of the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, especially, relate to a kind of method of the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation.
Background technique
Along with energy crisis situation in global range is more obvious, exploitation renewable energy sources has become the major action of countries in the world energy development strategy.Wind energy, because of its huge, renewable, wide, free of contamination characteristic that distributes of reserves in the world, makes wind-power electricity generation become research a kind of renewable energy sources comparatively widely.How in maximum efficiency capturing wind energy is the Important Problems of wind-power electricity generation research.
In the wind-power generating system of variable speed constant frequency, conventional maximal power tracing (MPPT) is controlled the method adopting tip speed ratio method, climbing method optimizing control and power curve method.Because power curve method is according to blower fan peak output curve, measure different rotating speeds, control output power, make it be infinitely close to peak output curve, can adapt to well the variation of wind speed, thereby be widely used in wind power generating set.But power curve method more receives publicity in problems such as maximal power tracing precision, dynamic performancies.
Because the measurement of peak output curve and rotating speed exists error, by the precision of the power tracking that directly has the greatest impact.Traditional power curve method mainly considers the blower fan steady operation point of cluster corresponding to different wind speed, and but having ignored blower fan tracking problem under dynamic process and the performance thereof, particularly low wind speed environment that blower fan follows the tracks of will highlight.
The method of therefore, inventing the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation that a kind of applicable height wind speed and tracking accuracy are high has important Practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method that is simultaneously applicable to the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation that high wind speed and low wind speed and tracking accuracy are high, and concrete technological scheme is as follows:
A method for maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: initialization, obtain the initial speed ω (0) of blower fan, set and stop power tracking thresholding setPd (0), the f that adjusts frequency (0), initial step length Step (0), minimum speed adjusting thresholding setSd and the different period duration T in dynamic interval;
Step 2: to voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f 0(k) sample, the actual power P (k) exporting during according to voltage U (k) and electric current I (k) calculating k secondary tracking, according to frequency f 0(k) rotational speed omega (k) of calculating blower fan, k is more than or equal to 1; Perform step afterwards 3;
Step 3: judge the height of the rotational speed omega (k) of blower fan, if in the time of high rotating speed, perform step 4; Otherwise, carry out according to dynamic interval absorbed power strategy, perform step afterwards 10;
Step 4: judgement is adjusted frequency, and 1. whether f (k) is satisfied adjusts frequency formula:
f(k)=f |Δω(k)|≤f |ω(k)-ω(k- 1)|≥setSd ①，
If meet, perform step 5; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 5: whether the rotational speed omega (k-1) that judges blower fan is identical with ω (k), if identical, execution step 6; Otherwise, preserve the numerical value of ω (k) to ω (k-1), perform step afterwards 7;
Step 6: whether the rotating speed N continuous that judges blower fan time changes, N is more than or equal to 2 and be less than or equal to 100, if unchanged, execution step 7; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 7: adopt linear interpolation formula to calculate maximum output P m(k); Setting stops power tracking thresholding setPd (k), the f that adjusts frequency (k) and step-length Step (k), performs step afterwards 8;
Step 8: relatively real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 2.:
P(k)-P m(k)<-setPd(k) ②，
The right side of actual power point in maximum power point, increases dutycycle, and the increment of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise, execution step 9;
Step 9: real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 3.:
P(k)-P m(k)>setPd(k) ③，
Actual power point, in maximum power point left side, reduces dutycycle, and the decrease of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise mark has found maximum power point, execution step 10;
Step 10: make k=k+1, and return to step 2;
Wherein, described dynamic interval absorbed power strategy at least comprises a dynamic interval absorbed power process, described dynamic interval absorbed power process is: within the T time, first carry out maximal power tracing in the T1 period, discharging blower fan in the T2 period gos up the rotating speed of blower fan, wherein, 4. T meets formula:
T=T1+T2④。
Preferred in above technological scheme, in described step 1: described in stop power tracking thresholding setPd (0) and 5. obtain according to formula:
setPd(k)=λ setPd(k)·P m(k)·(1－η mppt) ⑤，
Wherein, P m(k) maximum output while getting incision wind speed, when incision wind speed, k=0; λ setPd (k)for adjust coefficient, span be (0,1]; η mpptthe maximal power tracing efficiency reaching for re-set target;
Described minimum speed regulates thresholding setSd to be: cause a decision threshold of rotation speed change, the 0-0.1 of the rated speed that span is blower fan doubly; If twice of front and back rotating speed measured value is greater than this value, is judged to be this adjusting and causes that rotation speed of fan changes; Otherwise, be judged to be this adjusting and do not cause that rotation speed of fan changes; Preferably, described minimum speed adjusting thresholding setSd is 0;
Described initial step length Step (0) is: blower fan can cause the value of the minimum duty cycle of rotation speed change in the time of incision wind speed;
The described f of adjusting frequency (0) is: under incision wind speed, after maximum tracking power stage is stable, when dutycycle increases Step (0) disturbance again, required sampling number when rotating speed reaches the rotation speed change amount that minimum duty cycle value Step (0) causes first, this number of times is adjusting frequency under this wind speed.
Preferred in above technological scheme, in the absorbed power process of described dynamic interval: under incision wind speed, after maximal power tracing is stable, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to rated wind speed, now fan stall moves or even stops operating, by blower fan zero load, the time in the time that rotation speed of fan rises to high and low rotating speed decision gate limit value is T2, and the 2-50 that T1 is T2 doubly.
Preferred in above technological scheme, 6. the output power P (k) in described step 2 obtains by formula:
P(k)=U(k)×I(k) ⑥；
Described rotation speed of fan ω (k) 7. obtains by formula:
ω(k)=60×f 0(k)/p ⑦，
The number of pole-pairs that wherein p is electric machine rotary magnetic field.
Preferred in above technological scheme, in described step 3, judge rotation speed of fan ω (k) method just: blower fan is carried out to maximal power tracing, after blower fan incision wind speed tenacious tracking, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan 1, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, and blower fan after tenacious tracking, observes whether can export rated power again, if can, now ω 1it is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; If can not, on last wind speed, increase Δ v, after tracking is stable, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan nquick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, blower fan is again after tenacious tracking, if can not export rated power, continue to increase wind speed retest, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, until blower fan can be exported rated power after tenacious tracking again just, and corresponding rotational speed omega of following the tracks of before blower fan while stablizing nit is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is less than the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is low; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is more than or equal to the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is high; Δ v span is rated wind speed and the difference of cutting wind speed 0.01-0.2 times.
Preferred in above technological scheme, maximum output P in described step 7 m(k) by the n in power-speed curves to test value (ω i, P i), i=1,2 ..., n; Adopt the formula of linear interpolation method 8. to obtain:
P m(ω)=P m(ω i-1)+[(ω-ω i-1)/(ω i-ω i-1)]×(P m(ω i)-P m(ω i-1)) ⑧。
Preferred in above technological scheme, in described step 7, the value of step-length Step (k) is determined as follows: when | P (k)-P m(k) | when >setPd (k), 9. Step (k) meets formula:
Step(k)=K Step(k)·|P(k)-P m(k)|≤D adj ⑨，
Wherein K step (k)the coefficient of adjusting step-length, K step (k)>0; D adjfor the maximum key synchronizing long value of software set, value is 0-0.05 times of the maximum capable of regulating dutycycle of hardware;
When | P (k)-P m(k) | when≤setPd (k), Step (k) value is 0;
5. the described power tracking thresholding setPd (k) that stops obtains according to formula;
The described f of adjusting frequency (k) 1. obtains according to formula.
Preferred in above technological scheme, in described step 2 to voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f 0(k) the obtained value of sampling is processed after filtering.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the method operating procedure that the present invention is based on the maximal power tracing control of wind-power electricity generation is simplified, and is convenient to implement, practical; Retain power curve method and be applicable to the fast-changing characteristic of wind speed, by changing step-length, tracking frequency, stopping following the tracks of power threshold and carry out various dimensions control, improved the dynamic performance of following the tracks of, improved the degree of accuracy of following the tracks of; When rotation speed of fan is low, adopt dynamic interval absorbed power strategy, dynamically compartment of terrain absorbs optimal power from blower fan, solved when wind speed lower, when rotation speed of fan is slower, regulating load characteristic while carrying out maximal power tracing, the fan stall operation causing and the problem such as stop operating, practical; When the rotating speed continuous several times of blower fan judge unchanged after, pressure is carried out step-length, tracking frequency, is stopped following the tracks of the adjusting of power threshold and carry out supervise, force to restart follow-up mechanism, solve the constant tracking Problem of Failure of bringing of rotating speed because of long-time measured blower fan, to be applicable to the situation of wind speed random fluctuation, improve the degree of accuracy of following the tracks of.
(2) initial value that stops power tracking thresholding setPd (0), the f that adjusts frequency (0), initial step length Step (0), minimum speed adjusting thresholding setSd and the dynamic different period duration T in interval of the present invention can obtain according to concrete formula or test method, improves the degree of accuracy of supervise.
(3) in the present invention, the calculating of output power P (k) and rotation speed of fan ω (k) is calculated gained by existing formula, easy to operate, and result precision is high, improves follow-up tracking accuracy.
(4) in the present invention, stopping power tracking thresholding setPd (k), the f that adjusts frequency (k), step-length Step (k) all can determine by dependency relation formula, adjust real-time dynamicly, improve dynamic performance, improved degree of accuracy.
(5) maximum output P in the present invention m(k) realize curve by linear interpolation method, degree of accuracy is high.
(6) voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f in the present invention 0etc. (k) value that correlated sampling obtains is averaged filtering algorithm processing through past extreme value, reduces external interference, improves degree of accuracy.
Except object described above, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other object, feature and advantage.Below with reference to figure, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing that forms the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation in the preferred embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the comparison diagram of following the tracks of power curve and peak output curve in the preferred embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can limit and cover according to claim is implemented.
Embodiment 1:
A method for maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation, refers to Fig. 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: initialization, obtain the initial speed ω (0) of blower fan, setting stops power tracking thresholding setPd (0), the f that adjusts frequency (0), initial step length Step (0), minimum speed and regulates thresholding setSd and dynamic different period duration T in interval, described in stop power tracking thresholding setPd (0) and 5. obtain according to formula:
setPd(k)=λ setPd(k)·P m(k)·(1－η mppt) ⑤，
Wherein, P m(k) maximum output while getting incision wind speed, when incision wind speed, k=0, i.e. P m(k)=P m(0); λ setPd (k)for adjust coefficient, span be (0,1], afterwards can be according to P m(k) size appropriately adjusts; η mpptfor the maximal power tracing efficiency that re-set target reaches, 5. draw the value of setPd (0) by formula;
Described minimum speed regulates thresholding setSd to be: cause a decision threshold of rotation speed change, the 0-0.1 of the rated speed that span is blower fan doubly, specifically can also determine according to the characteristic of blower fan; If twice of front and back rotating speed measured value is greater than this value, is judged to be this adjusting and causes that rotation speed of fan changes; Otherwise, be judged to be this adjusting and do not cause that rotation speed of fan changes;
Described initial step length Step (0) is: blower fan can cause the value of the minimum duty cycle of rotation speed change in the time of incision wind speed;
The described f of adjusting frequency (0) is: under incision wind speed, after maximum tracking power stage is stable, when dutycycle increases Step (0) disturbance again, required sampling number when rotating speed reaches the rotation speed change amount that minimum duty cycle value Step (0) causes first, this number of times is adjusting frequency under this wind speed;
Step 2: to voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f 0(k) sample, and voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f (k) value of sampling gained are carried out to filtering processing, output power P (k) 6. obtains by formula:
P(k)=U(k)×I(k) ⑥；
Described rotation speed of fan ω (k) 7. obtains by formula:
ω(k)=60×f 0(k)/p ⑦，
The number of pole-pairs that wherein p is electric machine rotary magnetic field;
Perform step afterwards 3;
Step 3: judge the height of rotation speed of fan ω (k), if in the time of high rotating speed, perform step 4; Otherwise, carry out according to dynamic interval absorbed power strategy; Perform step afterwards 10;
Wherein, the height determination methods of described rotation speed of fan ω (k) is: allow software kernels algorithm carry out maximal power tracing to blower fan, after blower fan incision wind speed tenacious tracking, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan 1, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, and blower fan after tenacious tracking, observes whether can export rated power again, if can, now ω 1it is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; If can not, on last wind speed, increase Δ v, after tracking is stable, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan nquick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, blower fan is again after tenacious tracking, if can not export rated power, continue to increase wind speed retest, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, until blower fan can be exported rated power after tenacious tracking again just, and corresponding rotational speed omega of following the tracks of before blower fan while stablizing nit is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is less than the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is low; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is more than or equal to the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is high; Δ v span is rated wind speed and the difference of cutting wind speed 0.01-0.2 times;
Described dynamic interval absorbed power strategy at least comprises a dynamic interval absorbed power process, described dynamic interval absorbed power process is: within the T time, first carry out maximal power tracing in the T1 period, discharge blower fan the rotating speed of blower fan is gone up in the T2 period, wherein, 4. T meets formula:
T=T1+T2④，
Wherein, in the absorbed power process of described dynamic interval: under incision wind speed, after maximal power tracing is stable, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to rated wind speed, now fan stall moves or even stops operating, by blower fan zero load, the time in the time that rotation speed of fan rises to high and low rotating speed decision gate limit value is T2, and the 2-50 that T1 is T2 doubly;
Step 4: judgement is adjusted frequency, and 1. whether f (k) is satisfied adjusts frequency formula:
f(k)=f |Δω(k)|≤f |ω(k)-ω(k-1)|≥setSd ①，
If meet, perform step 5; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 5: whether the rotational speed omega (k-1) that judges blower fan is identical with ω (k), if identical, execution step 6; Otherwise, preserve the numerical value of ω (k) to ω (k-1), preserve this tachometer value in the variable of a front tachometer value, perform step afterwards 7;
Step 6: whether the rotating speed N continuous that judges blower fan time changes, N is more than or equal to 2 and be less than or equal to 100, if unchanged, execution step 7; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 7: adopt linear interpolation formula to calculate maximum output P m(k), maximum output P m(k) by the n in power-speed curves to test value (ω i, P i), i=1,2 ..., n; Adopt the formula of linear interpolation method 8. to obtain:
P m(ω)=P m(ω i-1)+[(ω-ω i-1)/(ω i-ω i-1)]×(P m(ω i)-P m(ω i-1)) ⑧，
Be specially: according to the n in power-speed curves to test value (ω i, P i), i=1,2 ..., n; To the rotational speed omega ω=ω (k) that samples, as rotational speed omega Man Zu ∣ ω-ω i-1∣≤ε, P m(ω) meet formula P m(ω)=P m(ω i-1); As rotational speed omega Man Zu ∣ ω-ω iwhen ∣≤ε, P m(ω) meet formula P m(ω)=P m(ω i); Work as ω i-1+ ε < ω < ω iwhen-ε, P m(ω) meet formula 8.; Wherein ε is a very little positive number;
Setting stops power tracking thresholding setPd (k), the f that adjusts frequency (k) and step-length Step (k), performs step afterwards 8;
Wherein, the value of described step-length Step (k) is determined as follows: when | P (k)-P m(k) | when >setPd (k), 9. Step (k) meets formula:
Step(k)=K Step(k)·|P(k)-P m(k)|≤D adj ⑨，
Wherein K step (k)the coefficient of adjusting step-length, K step (k)>0, can adjust according to the characteristic of concrete blower fan; D adjfor the maximum key synchronizing long value of software set, span is 0-0.05 times of the maximum capable of regulating dutycycle of hardware;
When | P (k)-P m(k) | when≤setPd (k), Step (k) value is 0;
5. the described power tracking thresholding setPd (k) that stops obtains according to formula;
The described f of adjusting frequency (k) 1. obtains according to formula;
Step 8: relatively real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 2.:
P(k)-P m(k)<-setPd(k) ②，
The right side of actual power point in maximum power point, increases dutycycle, and the increment of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise, execution step 9;
Step 9: real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 3.:
P(k)-P m(k)>setPd(k) ③，
Actual power point, in maximum power point left side, reduces dutycycle, and the decrease of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise mark has found maximum power point, execution step 10;
Step 10: make k=k+1, and return to step 2.
If the inventive method is implemented on BUCK-BOOST circuit topology, dutycycle when increasing or reducing to work in corresponding BUCK or BOOST circuit topology, wherein when corresponding BUCK circuit topology: the increase of dutycycle represents with PwmBuckVal+, the reducing of dutycycle represents with PwmBuckVal-; Wherein when corresponding BOOST circuit topology: the increase of dutycycle represents with PwmBoostVal+, the reducing of dutycycle represents with PwmBoostVal-.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt the method for the wind power generating set of 150W vertical shaft and the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation with embodiment 1, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1: initialization, obtain the initial speed ω (0) of blower fan, setting stops power tracking thresholding setPd (0)=1.5W, the f that adjusts frequency (0)=5, initial step length Step (0)=15, minimum speed and regulates thresholding setSd=0RPM and dynamic different period duration T=135s in interval, described in stop power tracking thresholding setPd (0) and 5. obtain according to formula:
setPd(k)=λ setPd(k)·P m(k)·(1－η mppt) ⑤，
Wherein, P m(k) maximum output while getting incision wind speed, when incision wind speed, k=0, i.e. P m(k)=P m(0)=5.0W; λ setPd (k)for adjusting coefficient, value is 1, afterwards can be according to P m(k) size appropriately adjusts; η mpptfor the maximal power tracing efficiency that re-set target reaches, value is 70%, 5. draws by formula: setPd (0)=1.5W;
Described minimum speed regulates thresholding setSd to be: cause a decision threshold of rotation speed change, value is 0; If twice of front and back rotating speed measured value is greater than this value, is judged to be this adjusting and causes that rotation speed of fan changes; Otherwise, be judged to be this adjusting and do not cause that rotation speed of fan changes;
Described initial step length Step (0) is: blower fan can cause the value of the minimum duty cycle of rotation speed change in the time of incision wind speed;
The described f of adjusting frequency (0) is: under incision wind speed, after maximum tracking power stage is stable, when dutycycle increases Step (0) disturbance again, required sampling number when rotating speed reaches the rotation speed change amount that minimum duty cycle value Step (0) causes first, this number of times is adjusting frequency under this wind speed;
Step 2: to voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f 0(k) sample, and voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f (k) value of sampling gained are carried out to filtering processing, output power P (k) 6. obtains by formula:
P(k)=U(k)×I(k) ⑥；
Described rotation speed of fan ω (k) 7. obtains by formula:
ω(k)=60×f 0(k)/p ⑦，
The number of pole-pairs that wherein p is electric machine rotary magnetic field, value is 10;
Perform step afterwards 3;
Step 3: judge the height of rotation speed of fan ω (k), if in the time of high rotating speed, perform step 4; Otherwise, carry out according to dynamic interval absorbed power strategy; Perform step afterwards 10;
Wherein, the height determination methods of described rotation speed of fan ω (k) is: allow software kernels algorithm carry out maximal power tracing to blower fan, after blower fan incision wind speed tenacious tracking, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan 1, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, and blower fan after tenacious tracking, observes whether can export rated power again, if can, now ω 1it is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; If can not, on last wind speed, increase Δ v, after tracking is stable, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan nquick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, blower fan is again after tenacious tracking, if can not export rated power, continue to increase wind speed retest, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, until blower fan can be exported rated power after tenacious tracking again just, and corresponding rotational speed omega of following the tracks of before blower fan while stablizing nit is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is less than the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is low; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is more than or equal to the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is high; Specific practice is: the incision wind speed of this blower fan is 3.0m/s, and rated wind speed is 10.0m/s, and Δ v value is rated wind speed and the difference of cutting wind speed 0.071 times, i.e. Δ v=0.071 × (10-3)=0.5m/s; Work as ω 1when=3.0m/s, the peak output under 64RPM under exportable this wind speed; Work as ω 2when=3.5m/s, the peak output under 80RPM under exportable this wind speed; Work as ω 1when=3.0m/s, after blower fan tenacious tracking, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, and blower fan after tenacious tracking, can not be exported rated power again under rated wind speed; Continue to increase wind speed Δ v retest, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, and blower fan after tenacious tracking, can be exported the rated power under rated wind speed again just, therefore, and the rotating speed height decision gate limit value that 80RPM is blower fan;
Described dynamic interval absorbed power strategy at least comprises a dynamic interval absorbed power process, described dynamic interval absorbed power process is: within the T time, first carry out maximal power tracing in the T1 period, discharge blower fan the rotating speed of blower fan is gone up in the T2 period, wherein, 4. T meets formula:
T=T1+T2 ④，
Wherein, in the absorbed power process of described dynamic interval: under incision wind speed, after maximal power tracing is stable, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to rated wind speed, and now fan stall moves or even stops operating, by blower fan zero load, time in the time that rotation speed of fan rises to high and low rotating speed decision gate limit value is T2, T1 is T2 8 times, that is: T2=15s, T1=8 × T2=120s, T=T1+T2=135s;
Step 4: judgement is adjusted frequency, and 1. whether f (k) is satisfied adjusts frequency formula:
f(k)=f |Δω(k)|≤f |ω(k)-ω(k-1)|≥setSd ①，
If meet, perform step 5; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 5: whether the rotational speed omega (k-1) that judges blower fan is identical with ω (k), if identical, execution step 6; Otherwise, preserve the numerical value of ω (k) to ω (k-1), preserve this tachometer value in a front tachometer value variable, perform step afterwards 7;
Step 6: whether the rotating speed N continuous time that judges blower fan changes, and N value is 3, if unchanged, execution step 7; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 7: adopt linear interpolation formula to calculate maximum output P m(k), maximum output P m(k) by the n in power-speed curves to test value (ω i, P i), i=1,2 ..., n; Adopt the formula of linear interpolation method 8. to obtain:
P m(ω)=P m(ω i-1)+[(ω-ω i-1)/(ω i-ω i-1)]×(P m(ω i)-P m(ω i-1)) ⑧，
Be specially: according to the n in power-speed curves to test value (ω i, P i), i=1,2 ..., n; To the rotational speed omega ω=ω (k) that samples, as rotational speed omega Man Zu ∣ ω-ω i-1∣≤ε, P m(ω) meet formula P m(ω)=P m(ω i-1); As rotational speed omega Man Zu ∣ ω-ω iwhen ∣≤ε, P m(ω) meet formula P m(ω)=P m(ω i); Work as ω i-1+ ε < ω < ω iwhen-ε, P m(ω) meet formula 8.; Wherein ε is a very little positive number, and value is 0.1;
Setting stops power tracking thresholding setPd (k), the f that adjusts frequency (k) and step-length Step (k), performs step afterwards 8;
Wherein, the value of described step-length Step (k) is determined as follows: when | P (k)-P m(k) | when >setPd (k), 9. Step (k) meets formula:
Step(k)=K Step(k)·|P(k)-P m(k)|≤D adj ⑨，
Wherein K step (k)the coefficient of adjusting step-length, K step (k)>0, can adjust according to concrete fan characteristic; D adjfor the maximum key synchronizing long value of software set, get the maximum capable of regulating dutycycle of hardware 0.05 times;
When | P (k)-P m(k) | when≤setPd (k), Step (k) value is 0;
5. the described power tracking thresholding setPd (k) that stops obtains according to formula;
The described f of adjusting frequency (k) 1. obtains according to formula, is specially:
In the time of P (k) <80W: setPd (k)=2.5W; F (k)=2; (1) as | P (k)-P m(k) | when≤2.5W, Step (k)=0; (2) as 2.5W<|P (k)-P m(k) | when≤10W, Step (k)=K step (k)=5; (3) as 10W<|P (k)-P m(k) | when≤20W, Step (k)=K step (k)=10; (4) as | P (k)-P m(k) | when >20W, Step (k)=K step (k)=15;
In the time of P (k)>=80W: setPd (k)=3.0W; F (k)=1; (1) as | P (k)-P m(k) | when≤3.0W, Step (k)=0; (2) as | P (k)-P m(k) | when >3.0W, Step (k)=K step (k)=1;
The maximum capable of regulating dutycycle of hardware is 400, gets D adj=0.05 × 400=20;
Step 8: relatively real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 2.:
P(k)-P m(k)<-setPd(k) ②，
The right side of actual power point in maximum power point, increases dutycycle, and the increment of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise, execution step 9;
Step 9: real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 3.:
P(k)-P m(k)>setPd(k) ③，
Actual power point, in maximum power point left side, reduces dutycycle, and the decrease of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise mark has found maximum power point, execution step 10;
Step 10: make k=k+1, and return to step 2.
If the inventive method is implemented on BUCK-BOOST circuit topology, dutycycle when increasing or reducing to work in corresponding BUCK or BOOST circuit topology, wherein when corresponding BUCK circuit topology: the increase of dutycycle represents with PwmBuckVal+, the reducing of dutycycle represents with PwmBuckVal-; Wherein when corresponding BOOST circuit topology: the increase of dutycycle represents with PwmBoostVal+, the reducing of dutycycle represents with PwmBoostVal-.
Adopt aircraft pursuit course that above method obtains as shown in Figure 2, as can be seen from Figure 2: actually follow the tracks of power curve Mppt and actual peak output curve M pp has very high Percent of contact area.Can adopt the calculating formula of maximal power tracing efficiency to weigh, test average maximal power tracing efficiency and be not less than 90%, wherein, the calculating formula of maximal power tracing efficiency is: maximal power tracing efficiency=software track efficiency × hardware circuit efficiency.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: initialization, obtain the initial speed ω (0) of blower fan, set and stop power tracking thresholding setPd (0), the f that adjusts frequency (0), initial step length Step (0), minimum speed adjusting thresholding setSd and the different period duration T in dynamic interval;
Step 2: to voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f 0(k) sample, the actual power P (k) exporting during according to voltage U (k) and electric current I (k) calculating k secondary tracking, according to frequency f 0(k) rotational speed omega (k) of calculating blower fan, k is more than or equal to 1; Perform step afterwards 3;
Step 3: judge the height of the rotational speed omega (k) of blower fan, if in the time of high rotating speed, perform step 4; Otherwise, carry out according to dynamic interval absorbed power strategy, perform step afterwards 10;
Step 4: judgement is adjusted frequency, and 1. whether f (k) is satisfied adjusts frequency formula:
f(k)=f |Δω(k)|≤f |ω(k)-ω(k- 1)|≥setSd ①，
If meet, perform step 5; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 5: whether the rotational speed omega (k-1) that judges blower fan is identical with ω (k), if identical, execution step 6; Otherwise, preserve the numerical value of ω (k) to ω (k-1), perform step afterwards 7;
Step 6: whether the rotating speed N continuous that judges blower fan time changes, N is more than or equal to 2 and be less than or equal to 100, if unchanged, execution step 7; Otherwise, execution step 10;
Step 7: adopt linear interpolation formula to calculate maximum output P m(k); Setting stops power tracking thresholding setPd (k), the f that adjusts frequency (k) and step-length Step (k), performs step afterwards 8;
Step 8: relatively real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 2.:
P(k)-P m(k)<-setPd(k) ②，
The right side of actual power point in maximum power point, increases dutycycle, and the increment of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise, execution step 9;
Step 9: relatively real output P (k) and maximum output P m(k) relation between the two, if meet formula 3.:
P(k)-P m(k)>setPd(k) ③，
Actual power point, in maximum power point left side, reduces dutycycle, and the decrease of dutycycle is the numerical values recited of Step (k), performs step afterwards 10; Otherwise mark has found maximum power point, execution step 10;
Step 10: make k=k+1, and return to step 2;
Wherein, described dynamic interval absorbed power strategy at least comprises a dynamic interval absorbed power process, described dynamic interval absorbed power process is: within the T time, first carry out maximal power tracing in the T1 period, then discharging blower fan in the T2 period gos up the rotating speed of blower fan, wherein, 4. T meets formula:
T=T1+T2 ④。
2. the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 1:
5. the described power tracking thresholding setPd (0) that stops obtains according to formula:
setPd(k)=λ setPd(k)·P m(k)·(1－ ηmppt) ⑤，
Wherein, P m(k) maximum output while getting incision wind speed, when incision wind speed, k=0; λ setPd (k)for adjust coefficient, span be (0,1]; η mpptthe maximal power tracing efficiency reaching for re-set target;
Described minimum speed regulates thresholding setSd to be: cause a decision threshold of rotation speed change, the 0-0.1 of the rated speed that span is blower fan doubly; If twice of front and back rotating speed measured value is greater than this value, is judged to be this adjusting and causes that rotation speed of fan changes; Otherwise, be judged to be this adjusting and do not cause that rotation speed of fan changes;
Described initial step length Step (0) is: blower fan causes the value of the minimum duty cycle of rotation speed change in the time of incision wind speed;
The described f of adjusting frequency (0) is: under incision wind speed, after maximum tracking power stage is stable, when dutycycle increases Step (0) disturbance again, required sampling number when rotating speed reaches the rotation speed change amount that minimum duty cycle value Step (0) causes first, this number of times is adjusting frequency under this wind speed.
3. the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation according to claim 2, is characterized in that: it is 0 that described minimum speed regulates thresholding setSd.
4. the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the absorbed power process of described dynamic interval: under incision wind speed, after maximal power tracing is stable, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to rated wind speed, now fan stall moves or even stops operating, by blower fan zero load, the time in the time that rotation speed of fan rises to high and low rotating speed decision gate limit value is T2, and the 2-50 that T1 is T2 doubly.
5. the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 6. the output power P (k) in described step 2 obtains by formula:
P(k)=U(k)×I(k) ⑥；
7. the rotational speed omega (k) of described blower fan obtains by formula:
ω(k)=60×f 0(k)/p ⑦，
The number of pole-pairs that wherein p is electric machine rotary magnetic field.
6. the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method that judges rotational speed omega (k) height of blower fan in described step 3: blower fan is carried out to maximal power tracing, after blower fan incision wind speed tenacious tracking, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan 1, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, and blower fan after tenacious tracking, observes whether can export rated power again, if can, now ω 1it is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; If can not, on last wind speed, increase Δ v, after tracking is stable, record the now rotational speed omega of blower fan nquick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, blower fan is again after tenacious tracking, if can not export rated power, continue to increase wind speed retest, quick adjustment wind tunnel speed is to blower fan rated wind speed, until blower fan can be exported rated power after tenacious tracking again just, and corresponding rotational speed omega of following the tracks of before blower fan while stablizing nit is exactly the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is less than the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is low; In the time that the rotating speed of blower fan is more than or equal to the rotating speed height decision gate limit value of blower fan, the rotating speed that is judged to be blower fan is high; Δ v span is rated wind speed and the difference of cutting wind speed 0.01-0.2 times.
7. the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: maximum output P in described step 7 m(k) by the n in power-speed curves to test value (ω i, P i), i=1,2 ..., n; Adopt the formula of linear interpolation method 8. to obtain:
P m(ω)=P m(ω i-1)+[(ω-ω i-1)/(ω i-ω i-1)]×(P m(ω i)-P m(ω i-1)) ⑧
8. the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 7, the value of step-length Step (k) is determined as follows: when | P (k)-P m(k) | when >setPd (k), 9. Step (k) meets formula:
Step(k)=K Step(k)·|P(k)-P m(k)|≤D adj ⑨，
Wherein K step (k)the coefficient of adjusting step-length, K step (k)>0; D adjfor the maximum of software set is adjusted step value, span is 0-0.05 times of the maximum capable of regulating dutycycle of hardware;
When | P (k)-P m(k) | when≤setPd (k), Step (k) value is 0;
5. the described power tracking thresholding setPd (k) that stops obtains according to formula;
The described f of adjusting frequency (k) 1. obtains according to formula.
9. according to the method for the maximal power tracing control based on wind-power electricity generation described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that: in described step 2 to voltage U (k), electric current I (k) and frequency f 0(k) the obtained value of sampling is processed after filtering.
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CN114215688A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-03-22 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Maximum power tracking control method, device, equipment and storage medium for wind turbine generator
CN114215687A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-03-22 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Maximum power tracking control method, device, equipment and storage medium for wind turbine generator
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