CN103815868A - Full-eye optical coherence tomography imager - Google Patents
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Abstract
A full-eye optical coherence tomography imager comprises a frequency sweeping light source, an optical fiber polarizer, a first optical circulator, a second optical circulator, a first broadband polarization splitting prism, a second broadband polarization splitting prism, an ocular anterior segment scanning imaging light path, an eye ground scanning imaging light path, a third broadband polarization splitting prism, two reference mirrors, a fourth broadband polarization splitting prism, a fifth broadband polarization splitting prism, a second polarized light protecting coupler, a third polarized light protecting coupler, a first balance detector, a second balance detector, a function generation card, a data acquisition card, a computer and the like, wherein the first broadband polarization splitting prism, the second broadband polarization splitting prism, the ocular anterior segment scanning imaging light path and the eye ground scanning imaging light path are arranged in a sample arm; the third broadband polarization splitting prism and the two reference mirrors are arranged in a reference arm; the fourth broadband polarization splitting prism, the fifth broadband polarization splitting prism, the second polarized light protecting coupler, the third polarized light protecting coupler, the first balance detector and the second balance detector are arranged at a detecting end. The imager is based on a frequency sweeping optical coherence tomography technology, a component p and a component s of a polarized beam are used for conducting imaging on an eye ground and an ocular anterior segment respectively, and thus three-dimensional high resolution real-time imaging can be conducted on an full eye structure at the same time on the same system without any device for conversion. By means of the full-eye optical coherence tomography imager, optical path length and dispersion matching and scan setting can respectively be carried out on ocular anterior segment imaging and eye ground imaging, and thus the optimal imaging quality and the view field size of ocular anterior segment imaging and eye ground imaging can be obtained at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to eyes imaging instrument and optical coherent chromatographic imaging (OCT) technology, especially relate to a kind of instrument frequency sweep OCT technology, that can simultaneously carry out to full ocular structure imaging that adopts.
Background technology
The ophthalmic diseasess such as myopia, hypermetropia, cataract and glaucoma all can have influence on shape and the size of eyes.In order to check that the vision physiological causing because of ophthalmic diseases changes, when full ocular structure, high-resolution imaging is essential.Ultrasonic and nuclear magnetic resonance technique can be realized an imaging entirely, but the former is contact measurement, and the latter's instrument cost is high, and their resolution is too low and be difficult to effective tissues observed structure.Optical coherent chromatographic imaging (OCT) technology is a kind of technology that can carry out to the internal structure of tissue the harmless real-time tomography of three-dimensional high definition, is the best means of living human eye imaging, aspect ophthalmology imaging and medical diagnosis on disease, is being applied widely.OCT has developed time domain and frequency domain OCT technology at present, and frequency domain OCT comprises again spectral domain and frequency sweep OCT technology.Frequency domain OCT technology can be obtained whole interference spectrum information of sample depth direction simultaneously without the axial scan of reference arm, then obtains structural information through inverse Fourier transform, therefore has the detectivity of image taking speed and Geng Gao faster.
At the people's such as Dai document (C Dai, et al.Optical coherence tomography for whole eye segment imaging.Optics Express, 2012, 20 (6): 6109-6115.) and Chinese invention patent (application number: 201110195189.0) inner, the full eye of dual pathways OCT imaging system based on spectral coverage OCT technology has been proposed, independently two cover light sources are adopted separately, two cover reference arms, respectively anterior ocular segment and optical fundus are carried out to imaging with two cover feeler arms, and only make the sample arm light path of two cover systems be combined by an Amici prism, and shared a set of sweep mechanism.This system exists following deficiency: 1) light source is the most expensive device in OCT system, uses two light sources can significantly increase cost; 2) Amici prism using in sample arm, reduces by half the illumination light signal intensity coming from light source, and the light signal strength returning from sample will reduce by half again, and the extremely low efficiency of light energy utilization can reduce the detectivity of system; 3) many information of anterior ocular segment are all distributed in nasal side and temporo side, need large area scanning imaging, and the visual field of fundus imaging are very limited, and sharing a set of sweep mechanism can not carry out respectively scan setting according to the requirement of visual field size separately.
At document (the A H Dhalla of J A Izatt group of Duke University, et al.Simultaneous swept source optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment and retina using coherence revival.Optics Letters, 2012,37 (11): 1883-1885.) inner, proposed the full eye imaging system based on frequency sweep OCT technology, in sample arm, the p component of use polarized beam and s component are respectively to anterior ocular segment and fundus imaging.They mate fundus imaging light path with reference arm light path, and make anterior ocular segment imaging optical path and reference arm light path mismatch, thereby make the eye fundus image and the not aliasing of anterior segment image that obtain by inverse Fourier transform, and can eliminate the conjugation illusion of anterior segment image.In this system structure, greatly simplify, but also exist deficiency: 1) anterior ocular segment imaging optical path and reference arm light path mismatch are serious, are difficult to obtain anterior segment image clearly; In addition, make the two interfere, swept light source must have very long coherence length, also requires light source to have very high length scanning resolution, and this has brought difficulty to the making of light source; 2) can not eliminate the conjugation illusion on anterior ocular segment and optical fundus simultaneously; 3) share a set of sweep mechanism, can not carry out respectively scan setting according to the requirement of visual field size separately.
Summary of the invention
The technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument is provided, based on frequency sweep OCT technology, utilize p component and the s component of polarized beam respectively imaging to be carried out in optical fundus and anterior ocular segment, then obtain the three-dimensional high definition result of full ocular structure by image reconstruction.Therefore the present invention can carry out light path and dispersion coupling and scan setting to anterior ocular segment and fundus imaging respectively, can obtain optimum picture quality and the visual field size of anterior ocular segment and fundus imaging simultaneously.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument, comprising: swept light source, the optical fiber polarizer, first protects polarisation bonder, the first optical circulator, first lens, the first wideband polarization Amici prism, the first reflecting mirror, the first two-dimensional scanner, the second lens, the second wideband polarization Amici prism, the 3rd lens, the second reflecting mirror, beam expander, the second two-dimensional scanner, the second optical circulator, the 4th lens, the 3rd wideband polarization Amici prism, water box, the first reference mirror, the second reference mirror, the first translation stage, the second translation stage, the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism, the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism, second protects polarisation bonder, the 3rd protects polarisation bonder, the first balance detection device, the second balance detection device, the first single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the second single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the 3rd single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the 4th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the 5th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the 6th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the 7th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, function blocks, data collecting card and computer,
The optical signal that swept light source is sent is after the optical fiber polarizer, after transferring to first guarantor's polarisation bonder by the first single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, be divided into two-way: route second single-mode polarization maintaining fiber transfers to the port a of the first optical circulator, from the port b outgoing of the first optical circulator, enter sample arm again; Another route the 4th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber transfers to the port d of the second optical circulator, then from the port e outgoing of the second optical circulator, enters reference arm;
In sample arm, from the light beam of the port b outgoing of the first optical circulator, after the 3rd single-mode polarization maintaining fiber transmission and first lens collimation, incident the first wideband polarization Amici prism, here light beam is divided into transmission and reflection two parts: the p polarized light of transmission is successively after the first reflecting mirror, the first two-dimensional scanner and the beam-expanding system that is made up of the second lens and the 3rd lens, focused on optical fundus by anterior ocular segment, the second wideband polarization Amici prism is between the second lens and the 3rd lens; The s polarized light of reflection is successively after the second reflecting mirror, beam expander, the second two-dimensional scanner and the second wideband polarization Amici prism, on the 3rd lens focus joint before eyes;
In reference arm, from the light beam of the port e outgoing of the second optical circulator, after the 5th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber transmission and the 4th collimated, incident the 3rd wideband polarization Amici prism, here light beam is divided into transmission and reflection two parts: the p polarized light of transmission is through after water box, and vertical incidence is fixed on the first reference mirror on the first translation stage; The s polarized light vertical incidence of reflection is fixed on the second reference mirror on the second translation stage; The color that water box is caused by eyes for balance is loose;
The s polarization sample light returning from anterior ocular segment and the p polarization sample light returning from optical fundus, Yan Yuan road is back to the port b of the first optical circulator respectively, again from the port c outgoing of the first optical circulator, and transfer to the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism by the 6th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, here s polarization sample light reflects, and p polarization sample light generation transmission; The p polarization reference light returning from the first reference mirror and the s polarization reference light returning from the second reference mirror, Yan Yuan road is back to the port e of the second optical circulator respectively, again from the port f outgoing of the second optical circulator, and transfer to the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism by the 7th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, here s polarization reference light reflects, and p polarization reference light generation transmission;
The s polarization sample light and the s polarization reference light that come from the 4th and the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism respectively, after second guarantor's polarisation bonder, be divided into positive pole and the negative pole receiving terminal of two parts difference incident the first balance detection device separately; The p polarization sample light and the p polarization reference light that come from the 4th and the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism respectively, after the 3rd guarantor's polarisation bonder, be divided into positive pole and the negative pole receiving terminal of two parts difference incident the second balance detection device separately;
When swept light source is carried out length scanning, send sampling trigger signal, remove to control the interference spectrum signal that data collecting card synchronous acquisition is received by the first and second balance detection devices; The sampling trigger signal that the scanning drive signal being provided by function generation card is sent with swept light source is synchronizeed, and controls respectively the first and second two-dimensional scanners and scans; The signal that data collecting card collects transfers to computer and processes.
Described swept light source is near infrared band broad spectrum light source.
The front focus of the second described lens and the back focus of the 3rd lens coincide, and the two forms a beam-expanding system.
The first described translation stage moves linearly with the first reference mirror, until the p polarization sample light being returned by optical fundus and the p polarization reference light that returns from the first reference mirror form interference fringe.
The second described translation stage moves linearly with the second reference mirror, until the s polarization sample light being returned by anterior ocular segment and the s polarization reference light that returns from the second reference mirror form interference fringe.
Described second and the 3rd protects polarisation bonder is 2 × 2 bonders with 50:50 splitting ratio.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
(1) the present invention, in same set of system, without any device conversion, can realize the three-dimensional high definition imaging on anterior ocular segment and optical fundus simultaneously;
(2) the present invention can be mated respectively the factor such as light path and dispersion between anterior ocular segment and reference arm, optical fundus and reference arm thereof, and can carry out respectively the scan setting of anterior ocular segment and fundus imaging, thereby can obtain optimum picture quality and the visual field size of anterior ocular segment and fundus imaging simultaneously;
(3) the present invention adopts the frequency sweep OCT technology without axial scan, and the sweep rate of existing swept light source high (10
3kHz magnitude is even higher), can realize realtime imaging, be conducive to be reduced to as time the eye motion image fault that causes;
(4) the present invention adopts polarized light interference imaging technique, and environment veiling glare is had to certain Anti-Jamming.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is control system schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1. swept light source, 2. the optical fiber polarizer, 3. first protect polarisation bonder, 4. the first optical circulator, 5. first lens, 6. the first wideband polarization Amici prism, 7. the first reflecting mirror, 8. the first two-dimensional scanner, 9. the second lens, 10. the second wideband polarization Amici prism, 11. the 3rd lens, 12. anterior ocular segment, 13. optical fundus, 14. second reflecting mirrors, 15. beam expanders, 16. second two-dimensional scanners, 17. second optical circulators, 18. the 4th lens, 19. the 3rd wideband polarization Amici prisms, 20. water boxes, 21-22. the first and second reference mirrors, 23-24. the first and second translation stages, 25-26. the 4th and the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism, 27-28. second and the 3rd protects polarisation bonder, 29-30. the first and second balance detection devices, 31-37. first is to the 7th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, 38. function blocks, 39. data collecting cards, 40. computers.
The specific embodiment
The structure of the full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument that the present invention proposes is shown as Fig. 1, comprise: swept light source 1, the optical fiber polarizer 2, first protects polarisation bonder 3, the first optical circulator 4, first lens 5, the first wideband polarization Amici prism 6, the first reflecting mirror 7, the first two-dimensional scanner 8, the second lens 9, the second wideband polarization Amici prism 10, the 3rd lens 11, the second reflecting mirror 14, beam expander 15, the second two-dimensional scanner 16, the second optical circulator 17, the 4th lens 18, the 3rd wideband polarization Amici prism 19, water box 20, the first and second reference mirror 21-22, the first and second translation stage 23-24, the the 4th and the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism 25-26, second and the 3rd protects polarisation bonder 27-28, the first and second balance detection device 29-30, the first to the 7th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 31-37, there is card 38 in function, data collecting card 39, computer 40.
Swept light source 1 is the near infrared band broad spectrum light source of wavelength rapid scanning, the optical signal being sent by it becomes line polarized light after the optical fiber polarizer 2, then after transferring to first guarantor's polarisation bonder 3 by the first single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 31, be divided into two-way: route second single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 32 transfers to the port a of the first optical circulator 4, from the port b outgoing of the first optical circulator 4, enter sample arm again; Another route the 4th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 34 transfers to the port d of the second optical circulator 13, then from the port e outgoing of the second optical circulator 17, enters reference arm.
In sample arm, from the light beam of the port b outgoing of the first optical circulator 4, after being transmitted by the 3rd single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 33, collimated by first lens 5, then incident the first wideband polarization Amici prism 6, here light beam is divided into transmission and reflection two parts: the p polarized light of transmission first after after the first reflecting mirror 7 and the first two-dimensional scanner 8 reflections, enter the beam-expanding system being formed by the second lens 9 and the 3rd lens 11, directional light by beam-expanding system outgoing is focused on optical fundus 13 by anterior ocular segment 12, the luminous point that the first two-dimensional scanner 8 makes to focus on optical fundus 13 carries out horizontal two-dimensional scan imaging.Wherein, the back focus of the front focus of the second lens 9 and the 3rd lens 11 coincides to form beam-expanding system, and the second wideband polarization Amici prism 10 is between the second lens 9 and the 3rd lens 11.The s polarized light of reflection is successively after the second reflecting mirror 14, beam expander 15, the second two-dimensional scanner 16 and the second wideband polarization Amici prism 10, focused in anterior ocular segment 12 by the 3rd lens 11, the luminous point that the second two-dimensional scanner 16 makes to focus in anterior ocular segment 12 carries out horizontal two-dimensional scan imaging.
In reference arm, from the light beam of the port e outgoing of the second optical circulator 17, after the 5th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 35 transmission, collimated by the 4th lens 18, then incident the 3rd wideband polarization Amici prism 19, here light beam is divided into transmission and reflection two parts: the p polarized light of transmission is through after water box 20, and vertical incidence is fixed on the first reference mirror 21 on the first translation stage 23; The s polarized light vertical incidence of reflection is fixed on the second reference mirror 22 on the second translation stage 24.The dispersion that water box 20 is caused by eyes for balance.
The s polarization sample light returning from anterior ocular segment 12 and the p polarization sample light returning from optical fundus 13, Yan Yuan road is back to the port b of the first optical circulator 4 respectively, again from the port c outgoing of the first optical circulator 4, and transfer to the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism 25 by the 6th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 36, here s polarization sample light is reflected, and p polarization sample light is transmitted.The p polarization reference light returning from the first reference mirror 21 and the s polarization reference light returning from the second reference mirror 22, Yan Yuan road is back to the port e of the second optical circulator 17 respectively, again from the port f outgoing of the second optical circulator 17, and transfer to the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism 26 by the 7th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber 37, here s polarization reference light is reflected, and p polarization reference light is transmitted.
Respectively from s polarization sample light and the s polarization reference light of the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism 25 and the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism 26, after second guarantor's polarisation bonder 27, be divided into separately positive pole and the negative pole receiving terminal of two parts difference incident the first balance detection device 29.Respectively from p polarization sample light and the p polarization reference light of the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism 25 and the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism 26, after the 3rd guarantor's polarisation bonder 28, be divided into separately positive pole and the negative pole receiving terminal of two parts difference incident the second balance detection device 30.Second guarantor's polarisation bonder 27 and the 3rd is protected polarisation bonder 28 and is 2 × 2 bonders with 50:50 splitting ratio.
The first translation stage 23 moves linearly with the first reference mirror 21, until the p polarization sample light being returned by optical fundus 13 and the p polarization reference light that returns from the first reference mirror 21 form interference fringe.The second translation stage 24 moves linearly with the second reference mirror 22, until the s polarization sample light being returned by anterior ocular segment 12 and the s polarization reference light that returns from the second reference mirror 22 form interference fringe.
Control system of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.When swept light source 1 is carried out length scanning, send sampling trigger signal, remove to control the interference spectrum signal that data collecting card 39 synchronous acquisition are received by the first balance detection device 29 and the second balance detection device 30; There is the sampling trigger signal that sends with swept light source 1 of card 38 scanning drive signal that provide by function and synchronize, control respectively the first two-dimensional scanner 8 and the second two-dimensional scanner 16 scans; The signal that data collecting card 39 collects transfers to computer 40 and processes.
The above-mentioned specific embodiment is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention.In the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change that the present invention is made, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument, is characterized in that: comprise swept light source (1), the optical fiber polarizer (2), first protects polarisation bonder (3), the first optical circulator (4), first lens (5), the first wideband polarization Amici prism (6), the first reflecting mirror (7), the first two-dimensional scanner (8), the second lens (9), the second wideband polarization Amici prism (10), the 3rd lens (11), the second reflecting mirror (14), beam expander (15), the second two-dimensional scanner (16), the second optical circulator (17), the 4th lens (18), the 3rd wideband polarization Amici prism (19), water box (20), the first reference mirror (21), the second reference mirror (22), the first translation stage (23), the second translation stage (24), the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism (25), the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism (26), second protects polarisation bonder (27), the 3rd protects polarisation bonder (28), the first balance detection device (29), the second balance detection device (30), the first single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (31), the second single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (32), the 3rd single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (33), the 4th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (34), the 5th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (35), the 6th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (36), the 7th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (37), function blocks (38), data collecting card (39) and computer (40),
The optical signal that swept light source (1) is sent is divided into two-way transfer to first guarantor's polarisation bonder (3) by the first single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (31) after the optical fiber polarizer (2) after, one route the second single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (32) transfers to the port a of the first optical circulator (4), from the port b outgoing of the first optical circulator (4), enter sample arm again; Another route the 4th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (34) transfers to the port d of the second optical circulator (17), then from the port e outgoing of the second optical circulator (17), enters reference arm;
In sample arm, from the light beam of the port b outgoing of the first optical circulator (4), after the 3rd single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (33) transmission and first lens (5) collimation, incident the first wideband polarization Amici prism (6), here light beam is divided into transmission and reflection two parts: the p polarized light of transmission is successively through the first reflecting mirror (7), after the first two-dimensional scanner (8) and the beam-expanding system by the second lens (9) and the 3rd lens (11) formation, focused on optical fundus (13) by anterior ocular segment (12), the second wideband polarization Amici prism (10) is positioned between the second lens (9) and the 3rd lens (11), the s polarized light of reflection after the second reflecting mirror (14), beam expander (15), the second two-dimensional scanner (16) and the second wideband polarization Amici prism (10), is focused in anterior ocular segment (12) by the 3rd lens (11) successively,
In reference arm, from the light beam of the port e outgoing of the second optical circulator (17), after the 5th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (35) transmission and the 4th lens (18) collimation, incident the 3rd wideband polarization Amici prism (19), here light beam is divided into transmission and reflection two parts: the p polarized light of transmission is through after water box (20), and vertical incidence is fixed on the first reference mirror (21) on the first translation stage (23); The s polarized light vertical incidence of reflection is fixed on the second reference mirror (22) on the second translation stage (24); The color that water box (20) is caused by eyes for balance is loose;
The s polarization sample light returning from anterior ocular segment (12) and the p polarization sample light that (13) are returned from optical fundus, Yan Yuan road is back to the port b of the first optical circulator (4) respectively, again from the port c outgoing of the first optical circulator (4), and transfer to the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism (25) by the 6th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (36), here s polarization sample light reflects, and p polarization sample light generation transmission; The p polarization reference light returning from the first reference mirror (21) and the s polarization reference light returning from the second reference mirror (22), Yan Yuan road is back to the port e of the second optical circulator (17) respectively, again from the port f outgoing of the second optical circulator (17), and transfer to the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism (26) by the 7th single-mode polarization maintaining fiber (37), here s polarization reference light reflects, and p polarization reference light generation transmission;
Respectively from the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism (25) and next s polarization sample light and the s polarization reference light of the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism (26), after second guarantor's polarisation bonder (27), be divided into separately positive pole and the negative pole receiving terminal of two parts difference incident the first balance detection device (29); Respectively from the 4th wideband polarization Amici prism (25) and next p polarization sample light and the p polarization reference light of the 5th wideband polarization Amici prism (26), after the 3rd guarantor's polarisation bonder (28), be divided into separately positive pole and the negative pole receiving terminal of two parts difference incident the second balance detection device (30);
When swept light source (1) is carried out length scanning, send sampling trigger signal, remove to control the interference spectrum signal that data collecting card (39) synchronous acquisition is received by the first balance detection device (29) and the second balance detection device (30); The sampling trigger signal that the scanning drive signal of being blocked (38) and provided by function is sent with swept light source (1) is synchronizeed, and controls respectively the first two-dimensional scanner (8) and the second two-dimensional scanner (16) scans; The signal that data collecting card (39) collects transfers to computer (40) and processes.
2. full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described swept light source (1) is near infrared band broad spectrum light source.
3. full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the front focus of described the second lens (9) and the back focus of the 3rd lens (11) coincide, and the two forms a beam-expanding system.
4. full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first translation stage (23) moves linearly with the first reference mirror (21), until the p polarization sample light being returned by optical fundus (13) and the p polarization reference light that returns from the first reference mirror (21) form interference fringe.
5. full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the second translation stage (24) moves linearly with the second reference mirror (22), until the s polarization sample light being returned by anterior ocular segment (12) and the s polarization reference light that returns from the second reference mirror (22) form interference fringe.
6. full optics of the eye coherence chromatographic imaging instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described second and the 3rd protects polarisation bonder (27,28) for having 2 × 2 bonders of 50:50 splitting ratio.
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