CN103763609A - HLS protocol-based channel switching method and apparatus - Google Patents
HLS protocol-based channel switching method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an http live streaming (HLS) protocol-based channel switching method and apparatus. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a channel switching instruction; obtaining an m3u8 file of a video clip that corresponds to the channel switching instruction and is broadcasted by a target channel in a live mode; according to the obtained m3u8 file, modifying the currently-broadcasted m3u8 file and writing information of the video clip that corresponds to the channel switching instruction and is broadcasted by a target channel in a live mode into the currently-broadcasted m3u8 file; and according to the modified m3u8 file, downloading and playing the video clip. According to the invention, after the channel switching instruction is received, the currently-broadcasted m3u8 file is modified. The whole process is transparent for the broadcasting device and the broadcasting device does not need to be started again, so that problems of time delay and black screen due to restarting can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to video playback technical field, relate in particular to a kind of channel switching method and device thereof based on HLS agreement.
Background technology
Along with the development of digital technology and Internet technology, intelligent television replaces the main flow that traditional tv becomes TV market gradually, has complied with the trend of television set " high Qinghua ", " networking " and " intellectuality ".Intelligent television has full open model platform, has carried operating system, and user, when appreciating common TV content, can install and unload types of applications software voluntarily, realizes and watches intelligent television program, watches live broadcast stream media, accesses the several functions such as the Internet.
By live broadcast stream media, video website can be issued the program of a plurality of channels to user, such as: Music Radio, film platform, sports station, animation stand etc., user can watch live of intelligent television as watching traditional tv channel.And for live broadcast stream media, streaming media agreement HLS(Http live streaming in the host-host protocol that each large video website is used at present) occupied consequence.HLS agreement is the streaming media agreement based on HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) Http that Apple realizes, HLS agreement is carried out segmentation by the huge continuous media data of capacity, the small documents that is divided into One's name is legion transmits, cater to the file transfer of web page server, adopted the lightweight index file of a continuous renewal to control download and the broadcasting of cutting apart rear little media file.
By HLS agreement, video data is divided into media data ts file and media data index m3u8 file after treatment, and is present on server.In fact m3u8 file is a kind of organizational form of file group, and the form by video segment with playlist organizes together for multimedia player downloading and playing.In m3u8 file, generally include a plurality of uniform resource position mark URL of a plurality of above-mentioned media data ts files.Multimedia player obtains after m3u8 file, and then downloads corresponding ts file and play according to URL wherein.
User is watching in live, can between each live streaming media platform, switch, " zapping " being namely commonly called as, when switching, player can be asked the m3u8 file of the in progress video of channel of switching again to Cloud Server request user, and after receiving new m3u8 file, restart player, according to the above-mentioned new m3u8 file receiving, carry out download and the broadcasting of ts file.And restart player, tend to cause time delay, occur the phenomenons such as blank screen, card pause.
Therefore, be necessary very much to provide a kind of and can solve channel switching method and the device thereof that channel switches the phenomenons such as the time delay, blank screen, the card that cause pause.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of channel switching method and device thereof based on HLS agreement, solve channel and switch the phenomenons such as the time delay, blank screen, the card that cause pause.
Particularly, described method comprises:
Receiving channels switching command;
Obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction;
According to the current in progress m3u8 file of the described m3u8 file modification getting, the information of the live video segment of described target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction is write in current in progress m3u8 file;
According to amended described m3u8 file, download and displaying video fragment.
Further, the process of obtaining the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction described in comprises:
Obtain the address of local target channel of preserving; The address of described target channel is issued to this locality by Cloud Server;
According to described target channel address, from Cloud Server, obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction.
Further, described method also comprises:
When receiving user's channel switching instruction, empty the video data of buffer memory.
The process of the current in progress m3u8 file of described m3u8 file modification that further, described basis gets comprises:
The URL of the live video segment of the described target channel in described m3u8 file is substituted in current in progress m3u8 file, and the duration of this video segment is substituted in the field that described URL is corresponding.
Further, the process URL of video segment corresponding to channel switching instruction described in described m3u8 file being substituted in current in progress m3u8 file comprises:
With the URL of video segment corresponding to described channel switching instruction, replace the URL that is about to the video segment of broadcasting in described current in progress m3u8 file.
Described device comprises:
Command reception module, for receiving channels switching command;
Index parsing module, for obtaining the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction, and according to the current in progress m3u8 file of the described m3u8 file modification getting, the information of the live video segment of described target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction is write in current in progress m3u8 file;
Video playback module, for downloading and displaying video fragment according to amended described m3u8 file.
Further, the process that described index parsing module obtains the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction comprises:
Obtain the address of local target channel of preserving; The address of described target channel is issued to this locality by Cloud Server;
According to described target channel address, from Cloud Server, obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction.
Further, described command reception module is further used for:
When receiving user's program request and live switching command, empty the video data of buffer memory.
Further, described index parsing module comprises according to the process of the current in progress m3u8 file of described m3u8 file modification getting:
The URL of the live video segment of the described target channel in described m3u8 file is substituted in current in progress m3u8 file, and the duration of this video segment is substituted in the field that described URL is corresponding.
Further, the process that described index parsing module is substituted into the URL of video segment corresponding to channel switching instruction described in described m3u8 file in current in progress m3u8 file comprises:
With the URL of video segment corresponding to described channel switching instruction, replace the URL that is about to the video segment of broadcasting in described current in progress m3u8 file.
With respect to prior art, the present invention is after users with channel switches, m3u8 file to current in progress channel is modified, because player is just downloaded and play video data according to m3u8 file, can not judge whether the content in m3u8 file changes, so for player, can not perceive above-mentioned modification.Although having there is variation in the content of simultaneously original m3u8 file, is not to have changed a new m3u8 file, so this process is transparent for player.Player only need to continue according to amended m3u8 file foradownloaded video fragment and play, and does not need to restart, and has reduced the problems such as time delay, blank screen, the card of restarting player and bringing time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the present invention mid band changing method schematic flow sheet;
Fig. 2 is m3u8 file schematic diagram in one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the m3u8 file schematic diagram of the live video segment of target switching channels in one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is amended m3u8 file schematic diagram in one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is one embodiment of the present invention mid band switching device shifter structural representation.
embodiment
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of channel switching method based on HLS agreement, for further illustrating the present invention, provide the following example:
Embodiment mono-
Please refer to Fig. 1, the channel switching method based on HLS agreement of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
Step 101, receiving channels switching command;
Step 102, obtains the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to above-mentioned channel switching instruction;
Step 103, according to the current in progress m3u8 file of the m3u8 file modification getting, writes the information of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to channel switching instruction in current in progress m3u8 file;
Step 104, downloads and displaying video fragment according to amended m3u8 file.
According to HLS agreement, the m3u8 file of the video that player is selected according to user carries out download and the broadcasting of video segment.Particularly, please refer to the m3u8 file shown in Fig. 2, wherein:
#EXTM3U: represent m3u file header, be placed on the first row.
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION: represent the maximum video segment duration of appointment, unit is second.
#EXTINF: represent the duration of each video segment ts file, only effective to URL thereafter, in #EXTINF, the duration of appointment must be less than or equal to the duration of appointment in #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION.
Http: // 218.30.13.36/sample_100k-1.ts: the URL that represents video file ts file.
Shown in Fig. 2 is live m3u8 file format, for each channel of video website, be all live, player regularly obtains the m3u8 file of real-time live broadcast video from Cloud Server, then according to the URL in this m3u8 file successively foradownloaded video fragment broadcasting.The m3u8 file shown in Fig. 2 of still take is example, and player is foradownloaded video fragment sample_100k-1.ts successively, and sample_100k-2.ts and sample_100k-3.ts also play.
In the present embodiment, take intelligent television as example, user can carry out channel switching by the button on remote controller or intelligent television.After receiving channel switching instruction, first from Cloud Server, obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to channel switching instruction, then according to the current in progress m3u8 file of this m3u8 file modification.Particularly, be that video segment information corresponding to channel switching instruction is write in above-mentioned current in progress m3u8 file.Because player is just downloaded and play video data according to m3u8 file, can not judge whether the content in m3u8 file changes, so for player, can not perceive above-mentioned modification.Although there is variation in the content of simultaneously original m3u8 file, but be not to have changed a new m3u8 file, player can continue to play according to amended m3u8 file,, play the live video of target channel corresponding to above-mentioned channel switching instruction, with this, realize the switching between channel.Because whole process is transparent for player, and then player can not restart, and reduced brought time delay, blank screen, the card problem such as pause that restarts.
Embodiment bis-
The present embodiment limits further according to the process of the current in progress m3u8 file of m3u8 file modification getting on the basis of embodiment mono-: the address that obtains local target channel of preserving; The address of described target channel is issued to this locality by Cloud Server; According to this target channel address, from Cloud Server, obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to above-mentioned channel switching instruction.
Particularly, Cloud Server issues overall channel address.For live of video website, conventionally the address of each channel is fixed, the overall channel address that Cloud Server issues is preserved in local meeting, to facilitate when receiving channel switching instruction, address according to target channel obtains the live video information of target channel corresponding to channel switching instruction, i.e. the m3u8 file of video segment to Cloud Server.
In the present embodiment, from this locality, obtain the address of the target channel of preservation, can reduce the reciprocal process with Cloud Server, further accelerating channel switch speed.
Embodiment tri-
The present embodiment limits further according to the process of the current in progress m3u8 file of m3u8 file modification getting and comprises on the basis of embodiment mono-: the URL of the live video segment of the target channel in the m3u8 file getting is substituted in current in progress m3u8 file, and the duration of this video segment is substituted in the field that this URL is corresponding.
The m3u8 file of the video segment that the target channel that gets from Cloud Server particularly, is live comprises that current goal channel is just at the URL of 3 live video segments.After getting this m3u8 file, these three URL are substituted in current in progress m3u8 file, and the duration of these three video segments is substituted in corresponding #EXTINF field.Such as, the m3u8 file of the video segment that the target channel that gets from Cloud Server is live as shown in Figure 3, and the in progress m3u8 file of user is the video segment sample_100k-2.ts in the m3u8 file shown in Fig. 2, use the URL:http of the in progress video segment of target channel in Fig. 3: // 218.30.13.37/sample_200k-1.ts, http: // 218.30.13.37/sample_200k-2.ts and http: // 218.30.13.37/sample_200k-3.ts replaces the URL:http that is about to the video segment of broadcasting in the m3u8 file shown in current in progress Fig. 2: // 218.30.13.36/sample_100k-3.ts, and the duration 10s of video segment is substituted in corresponding #EXTINF field, form amended m3u8 file as shown in Figure 4.Player and then according to amended m3u8 file, download successively http: // 218.30.13.37/sample_200k-1.ts, the corresponding video segment sample_200k-1.ts of http: // 218.30.13.37/sample_200k-2.ts and http: // 218.30.13.37/sample_200k-3.ts, sample_200k-2.ts and sample_200k-3.ts also play, to realize channel handoff procedure.
Embodiment tetra-
The present embodiment limits further the method that channel switches on the basis of embodiment mono-: when receiving user's channel switching instruction, empty the video data of buffer memory.
When receiving channel switching instruction, just empty the video data of buffer memory, to play immediately, further accelerate switch speed after modification completes m3u8 file.
Embodiment five
Corresponding said method, the invention provides a kind of channel switching mechanism based on HLS agreement, is applied in and comprises: in the terminals such as intelligent television, panel computer, mobile phone.Said apparatus can be realized with computer software, but the present invention does not get rid of other implementations, such as programmable logic device, firmware or even specialized hardware.Please refer to Fig. 5, said apparatus comprises: command reception module 510, index parsing module 520 and video playback module 530.
Command reception module 510, for receiving channels switching command.
Index parsing module 520, for obtaining the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to above-mentioned channel switching instruction, and according to the current in progress m3u8 file of the m3u8 file modification getting, the information of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to channel switching instruction is write in current in progress m3u8 file.
Video playback module 530, for playing according to amended above-mentioned m3u8 file.
Index parsing module 520 comprises according to the process of the current in progress m3u8 file of m3u8 file modification getting: the URL of the live video segment of target channel in the m3u8 file getting is substituted in current in progress m3u8 file, and the duration of this video segment is substituted in the field that this URL is corresponding.
The process that index parsing module 520 is substituted into the URL of video segment corresponding to above-mentioned m3u8 file mid band switching command in current in progress m3u8 file comprises: with the URL of video segment corresponding to channel switching instruction, replace the URL that is about to the video segment play in current in progress m3u8 file.
Command reception module 510 is after receiving channel switching instruction, and index parsing module 520 obtains the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to channel switching instruction, then according to the current in progress m3u8 file of this m3u8 file modification.Particularly, be that video segment information corresponding to channel switching instruction is write in above-mentioned current in progress m3u8 file.For video playback module 530, although there is variation in the content of m3u8 file originally, but be not to have changed a new m3u8 file, video playback module 530 can not perceive above-mentioned variation, can continue to play according to amended m3u8 file, that is, play the live video of target channel corresponding to above-mentioned channel switching instruction, with this, realize the switching between channel.Because whole process is transparent for player, and then player can not restart, and reduced brought time delay, blank screen, the card problem such as pause that restarts.
Further, the process that index parsing module 520 obtains the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to channel switching instruction comprises: the address that obtains local target channel of preserving; The address of described target channel is issued to this locality by Cloud Server; According to target channel address, from Cloud Server, obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to channel switching instruction.From this locality, obtain the address of the target channel of preservation, can reduce the reciprocal process with Cloud Server, further accelerating channel switch speed.
Further, command reception module 510, for when receiving user's channel switching instruction, empties the video data of buffer memory.When receiving channel switching instruction, just empty the video data of buffer memory, to play immediately, further accelerate switch speed after modification completes m3u8 file.
By above description, can be found out, the present invention, after users with channel switches, modifies to current in progress m3u8 file, and whole process is transparent for player.Player only need to continue to carry out downloading and playing according to amended m3u8 file, does not need to restart, and has reduced the problems such as time delay, blank screen, the card of restarting player and bringing time.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the channel switching method based on streaming media HLS agreement, is characterized in that, comprising:
Receiving channels switching command;
Obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction;
According to the current in progress m3u8 file of the described m3u8 file modification getting, the information of the live video segment of described target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction is write in current in progress m3u8 file;
According to amended described m3u8 file, download and displaying video fragment.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
The described process of obtaining the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction comprises:
Obtain the address of local target channel of preserving; The address of described target channel is issued to this locality by Cloud Server;
According to described target channel address, from Cloud Server, obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
When receiving user's channel switching instruction, empty the video data of buffer memory.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the process of the current in progress m3u8 file of described m3u8 file modification that described basis gets comprises:
The URL of the live video segment of the described target channel in described m3u8 file is substituted in current in progress m3u8 file, and the duration of this video segment is substituted in the field that described URL is corresponding.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the process that the URL of video segment corresponding to channel switching instruction described in described m3u8 file is substituted in current in progress m3u8 file comprises:
With the URL of video segment corresponding to described channel switching instruction, replace the URL that is about to the video segment of broadcasting in described current in progress m3u8 file.
6. the channel switching mechanism based on streaming media HLS agreement, is characterized in that, comprising:
Command reception module, for receiving channels switching command;
Index parsing module, for obtaining the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction, and according to the current in progress m3u8 file of the described m3u8 file modification getting, the information of the live video segment of described target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction is write in current in progress m3u8 file;
Video playback module, for downloading and displaying video fragment according to amended described m3u8 file.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the process that described index parsing module obtains the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction comprises:
Obtain the address of local target channel of preserving; The address of described target channel is issued to this locality by Cloud Server;
According to described target channel address, from Cloud Server, obtain the m3u8 file of the live video segment of target channel corresponding to described channel switching instruction.
8. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described command reception module is further used for:
When receiving user's program request and live switching command, empty the video data of buffer memory.
9. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described index parsing module comprises according to the process of the current in progress m3u8 file of described m3u8 file modification getting:
The URL of the live video segment of the described target channel in described m3u8 file is substituted in current in progress m3u8 file, and the duration of this video segment is substituted in the field that described URL is corresponding.
10. device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the process that described index parsing module is substituted into the URL of video segment corresponding to channel switching instruction described in described m3u8 file in current in progress m3u8 file comprises:
With the URL of video segment corresponding to described channel switching instruction, replace the URL that is about to the video segment of broadcasting in described current in progress m3u8 file.
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| CN105812847A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | HLS video live broadcast method, server and system |
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| CN107517411A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-26 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | A kind of video broadcasting method based on GStreamer frameworks |
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| CN103945260A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-07-23 | 无锡天脉聚源传媒科技有限公司 | Streaming media on-demand editing system and on-demand method |
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| CN106507150A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-15 | 山东浪潮商用系统有限公司 | A kind of audience information statistical method live based on IP |
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| CN111405354A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-07-10 | 亦非云互联网技术（上海）有限公司 | Optimization method and system for player channel switching, storage medium and player |
| CN114007087A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Media stream switching method and device |
| CN114007087B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-04-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Media stream switching method and device |
| CN116339817A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 天翼云科技有限公司 | Universal m3u8 file rewriting method and system |
| CN116339817B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-07-28 | 天翼云科技有限公司 | Universal m3u8 file rewriting method and system |
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