CN103684535B - Mode switch module and mode switching method - Google Patents
Mode switch module and mode switching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103684535B CN103684535B CN201210348955.7A CN201210348955A CN103684535B CN 103684535 B CN103684535 B CN 103684535B CN 201210348955 A CN201210348955 A CN 201210348955A CN 103684535 B CN103684535 B CN 103684535B
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Abstract
Embodiments of the invention disclose a kind of mode switch module, be applied to switching one near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, this mode switch module includes: a resonant circuit driver, in order to drive a resonant circuit to produce an oscillator signal; One environmental detector, in order to detect this oscillator signal degree affected by environment; And a finite state machine, judge whether this near field communications element to switch to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern according to the degree that this oscillator signal is affected by environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant to near-field communication (near-fieldcommunication, NFC) element and relevant control method, espespecially about NFC element in each operator scheme switching controls, to reach power saving object.
Background technology
NFC applies mechanically REID (radio-frequencyidentification, RFID), is that one does not need practical touch, as long as should, two devices just can be allowed to intercourse the technology of data once the distance perspective of about several centimeters.The Mifare promoted with the grace intelligence Pu (NXP) independent by Philip at present and FeliCa two kinds of specifications of Sony are large, are mainly used in traffic and financial unit.
Current NFC technique is called that the industrial organization of NFC technique forum (NFCForum) is led formulation by one.NFC technique forum has formulated many operator schemes of NFC element, includes: a card reader pattern (reader/writermode), some peer communications mode (peer-to-peermode) and a label mode (card-emulationmode).When NFC element operation is in card reader pattern, this NFC element, just as General N FC card reader, to a traditional NFC label, can read or write data.When operating in point-to-point communication pattern, two NFC elements can intercourse data.For example, two NFC elements can be shared bluetooth (Bluetooth) or WiFi setup parameter or can exchange digital photo etc.When operating in label mode, this NFC element for an extraneous card reader, just as a traditional NFC label.Label mode compares and is commonly used in wireless ticketing service or charging system.Certainly, except above three patterns, NFC element also may operate in wireless communications modes of other agreements, depending on the function had desired by NFC element.
Along with the extensive use of NFC, NFC technique also starts to be moved formula device (similarly being mobile phone or personal digital assistant (personaldigitalassistant) etc.) and adopted, and brings user and is convenient to use experience.For example, adopt the wisdom mobile phone (hereinafter referred to as NFC mobile phone) of NFC technique, can label mode be operated in, wirelessly carry out petit average; Card reader pattern can be operated in, read intelligent placard (smartposter) with advertising message; Can ad hoc mode be operated in, share photo wherein with another wisdom mobile phone.
In NFC operator scheme, card reader pattern and ad hoc mode are the operations belonging to very consuming electric power, the more not power consumption that label mode is relative.How switching operation modes, for the stand-by time of wheeled apparatus, impact very large.
A kind of method that operator scheme switches is manual type.For example, allow a NFC mobile phone rest at ordinary times in label mode always.When user selects specific application in this NFC mobile phone, this NFC mobile phone just enters card reader pattern or ad hoc mode.Although this method power saving, for user, suitable inconvenience.
Another kind adopts poll (polling) mode.For example, a NFC mobile phone roughly rests in label mode, is periodically but automatically enters card reader pattern momently.Like this, when a user with this NFC mobile phone close to and when resting on before an intelligent placard, this NFC mobile phone just can read the message in this intelligent placard automatically.Although convenient in operation, when operating in card reader pattern, suitable considerable of the electricity that NFC mobile phone consumes, may up to 50 milliamperes (mA) at every turn.This still has sizable lethality to the stand-by time of wheeled apparatus.
Therefore, choosing and switching of operator scheme is the problem that people in the industry is making great efforts research, and object improves the convenience of user, and can extend the stand-by time of wheeled apparatus simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention disclose a kind of mode switch module, be applied to switching one near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, this mode switch module includes: a resonant circuit driver, in order to drive a resonant circuit to produce an oscillator signal; One environmental detector, in order to detect this oscillator signal degree affected by environment; And a finite state machine, judge whether this near field communications element to switch to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern according to the degree that this oscillator signal is affected by environment.
Embodiments of the invention separately disclose a kind of mode switching method, and be applied to switching one near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, the method includes: make this near field communications element enter this sleep pattern; Drive a resonant circuit, to produce an oscillator signal; Detect the degree that this oscillator signal is affected by environment; And according to the degree that this oscillator signal is affected by environment, this near field communications element is switched to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the NFC element according to institute of the present invention embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows the change of the operator scheme of the NFC element 10 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a frequency of oscillation detector.
Fig. 4 shows a signal strength detector.
Fig. 5 shows an electromagnetic field sensor.
Fig. 6 shows recorded data in a register.
Main element symbol description
10NFC element
12NFC chipset
14 ring Shape antennas
16 mode switch module
18 Power Management Unit
20 controllers
22 transceivers
24 reversers
26 registers
28 environmental detectors
30 finite state machines
32 electric capacity
34 frequency of oscillation detectors
36 signal strength detectors
38 electromagnetic field sensor
49 with reference to clock pulse generator
50 counters
52 shift registors
54 comparators
56,58 electric capacity
60 analog-digital converters
62 comparators
64 resistance
C
f-CURcount results
C
f-INIinitial value
Field-indicator electromagnetic field index
Freq-indicator Frequency Index
Level-indicator intensity index
S
refreference signal
S
rfoscillator signal
V
field-thresholdcritical value
V
level-CURdigital value
V
level-INIinitial value
V
rf+, V
rf--oscillator signal
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the NFC element 10 according to institute of the present invention embodiment, can be installed in a NFC mobile phone.But the present invention is not limited to be used in NFC mobile phone, the present invention goes for any NFC device.
NFC element 10 includes NFC chip group (chipset) 12 and a ring Shape antenna 14.NFC chip group 12 can be a single-chip.Mode switch module 16, Power Management Unit 18, controller 20 and transceiver 22 is had in NFC element 10.
When operate in three operator schemes that NFC technique forum defines one of them time, Power Management Unit 18 makes controller 20 and transceiver 22 be powered, and transceiver 22 drives ring Shape antenna 14.Through ring Shape antenna 14, controller 20 can follow another extraneous NFC element, transmits or receives NFC signal.Therefore, three operator schemes that following general term NFC technique forum defines are three communication patterns.
Except can operating in general communication pattern, the NFC element 10 in Fig. 1 can also operate in a sleep pattern (sleepmode).When sleep pattern, mode switch module 16 is powered and works, but through the control of Power Management Unit 18, controller 20 and transceiver 22 are not powered substantially, so NFC element 10 does not transmit or receives NFC signal.Generally speaking, in sleep pattern, the transceiver 22 and the controller 20 that compare consumption electric energy are equal to power-off, only have mode switch module 16 through ring Shape antenna 14, supervise extraneous change.Therefore, in sleep pattern, power saving that will be suitable.There is in mode switch module 16 reverser 24, register 26, environmental detector 28 and a finite state machine (finitestatemachine, FSM) 30.
Finite state machine 30 can record the operator scheme instantly of NFC element 10, be in sleep pattern or three communication patterns one of them, and control Power Management Unit 18 according to this.
Can find from Fig. 1, ring Shape antenna 14 and two electric capacity 32 can form a resonant circuit.When sleep pattern, reverser 24 as a resonant circuit driver, can drive this resonant circuit, produces oscillator signal.
When sleep pattern, environmental detector 28, through the oscillator signal detected on this resonant circuit degree affected by environment, judges whether the environment residing for NFC element 10 changes to some extent.For example, when NFC element 10 is near another NFC element, because the change of the inductance value of loop aerial 14, the oscillator signal on resonant circuit will change to some extent.Once this change enough greatly, environmental detector 28 just sends corresponding signal, makes finite state machine 30 depart from sleep pattern.
Environmental detector 28 comprises a frequency of oscillation detector (frequencydetector) 34, signal strength detector (leveldetector) 36 and an electromagnetic field sensor (fielddetector) 38.For example, frequency of oscillation detector 34 detects the oscillator signal S that loop aerial 14 produces with the resonant circuit that electric capacity 32 is formed
rffrequency of oscillation.Signal strength detector 36 is the oscillator signal V that this resonant circuit of detection produces
rf+with V
rf-amplitude.Electromagnetic field sensor 38 detects the electromagnetic field intensity by ring Shape antenna 14.
In sleep pattern, reverser 24 drives loop aerial 14 with electric capacity 32, thus produces oscillator signal S
rf, V
rf+with V
rftime, the frequency of these oscillator signals approximately all can equal 1/sqr (LC), and wherein, sqr is for opening radical sign, and L is the inductance value of loop aerial 14, and C is the equivalent capacitance value in resonant circuit.
When the environment of NFC element 10 does not change, for example, when NFC element 10 does not have other a NFC element contiguous, the inductance value of ring Shape antenna 14 is approximately a definite value.Assuming that because stable vibration, now oscillator signal S
rffrequency of oscillation f
rfapproximate greatly the frequency f that begins together
ini; Oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-amplitude A
rf+with A
rf-be approximately initial amplitude A
ini.
When the contiguous extraneous NFC label of the NFC element 10 in sleep pattern, because the appearance of another loop aerial (belonging to extraneous NFC label), so the inductance value of loop aerial 14 plays change, result in the frequency of the oscillator signal that resonant circuit produces or the change of amplitude.For example, frequency of oscillation detector 34 checks oscillator signal S
rffrequency of oscillation f
rfwhether follow an initial frequency f
inithere is a quite poor different; And signal strength detector 36 detection oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-amplitude A
rf+with A
rf-with an initial amplitude A
iniwhether there is a quite poor different.If frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36 have found frequency of oscillation f
rf, or amplitude A
rf+with A
rf-there is suitable change, frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36 can respectively with Frequency Index Freq-indicator or intensity index Level-indicator, notice finite state machine 30, makes it depart from sleep pattern, wakes transceiver 22 and controller 20 up.
When the contiguous extraneous NFC card reader of NFC element 10, NFC element 10 can enter the powerful electromagnetic field that this extraneous NFC card reader is set up.Because electromagnetic induction, so the oscillator signal V that loop aerial 14 produces
rf+with V
rf-will order about and oscillation on large scale by this powerful electromagnetic field.Electromagnetic field sensor 38 detection oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-the critical amplitudes whether preset more than one of amplitude.If exceeded, mean have a powerful electromagnetic field deposit appearance, electromagnetic field sensor 38 electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, notice finite state machine 30, makes it depart from sleep pattern, wakes transceiver 22 and controller 20 up.
If electromagnetic field sensor 38 detects the appearance of powerful electromagnetic field, because the existence of powerful electromagnetic field roughly can prove the appearance of an extraneous NFC card reader, so NFC element 10 departs from sleep pattern, enter label mode; Now, the testing result of frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36 can be ignored.If depart from sleep pattern caused because of frequency of oscillation detector 34 or signal strength detector 36, and electromagnetic field sensor 38 does not detect powerful magnetic field, material is had to have impact on the inductance value of loop aerial 14 near then roughly can assert, so NFC element 10 departs from sleep pattern, enter card reader pattern.
Fig. 2 shows the change of the operator scheme in NFC element 10.Electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, compared with Frequency Index Freq-indicator and intensity index Level-indicator, has higher priority, NFC element 10 can be made to depart from sleep pattern, enter label mode.And Frequency Index Freq-indicator or intensity index Level-indicator, NFC element 10 can be made to depart from sleep pattern, enter card reader pattern.When label mode or card reader pattern, if NFC element 10 finds that there is one period of considerable time when being the situation being in dull (idle), just enter sleep pattern.For example, when label mode, whether controller 20 can disappear identification powerful electromagnetic field, judges whether to be in dull; When card reader pattern, when controller 20 finds do not have NFC signal to pass over from loop aerial 14, judge whether to be in dull.
Fig. 3 shows a frequency of oscillation detector 34, and it includes one with reference to clock pulse generator 49, counter 50, shift registor (shiftregister) 52 and a comparator 54.Oscillator signal S
rfclock pulse as counter 50 inputs.With reference to clock pulse generator 49 periodically with reference signal S
refreset the output of (reset) counter 50, make it make zero.Shift registor 52 has remembered counter 50 at each count results C with reference to clock cycle
f-CUR.Count results C
f-CURcorresponding oscillator signal S instantly
rffrequency of oscillation f
rf.Comparator 54 compares sees count results C
f-CURwhether follow an initial value C
f-INIthere is quite poor different.To explain after a while, initial value C
f-INIcan be count results C when just having entered sleep pattern at the beginning
f-CUR, so be exactly a corresponding initial frequency f
ini.If difference is enough large, then Frequency Index Freq-indicator is in logic " 1 ", otherwise it is in logic " 0 ".
Fig. 4 display intensity detector 36.Electric capacity 56 and 58 will record individually oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude.Higher value in both will convert digital value V to through analog-digital converter 60
level-CUR.Comparator 62 check dight value V
level-CURwhether follow an initial value V
level-INIthere is quite poor different.To explain after a while, initial value V
level-INIcan be digital value V when just having entered sleep pattern at the beginning
level-CUR.So, digital value V
level-CURthat corresponding is oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-amplitude A instantly
rf+with A
rf-in higher that, initial value V
level-INIthat corresponding is oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf-an initial amplitude A
ini.As digital value V
level-CURwith initial value V
level-INIbetween difference enough large, meaned oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude have quite poor different with when to enter sleep pattern at the beginning, then intensity index Level-indicator is in logic " 1 ", otherwise it is in logic " 0 ".
Fig. 5 shows electromagnetic field sensor 38.Compared to the signal strength detector 36 in Fig. 4, electromagnetic field sensor more than 38 resistance 64.Be familiar with the art person can know by inference, the operation of electromagnetic field sensor 38 and function class are similar to signal strength detector 36, but can be suitable for detect as oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude Comparison height time state.Briefly, when electromagnetic field index Field-indicator is in logic " 1 " time, oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude exceeded critical value V
field-thresholda corresponding critical amplitudes; Otherwise, oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude lower than this critical amplitudes.The initial amplitude A that this critical amplitudes will should compare higher than signal strength detector 36
ini.
In other embodiments, signal strength detector 36 can adopt with the complete different circuit of electromagnetic field sensor 38.
Fig. 6 shows recorded data in register 26, includes Frequency Index Freq-indicator, intensity index Level-indicator, electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, initial value C
f-INI, and initial value V
level-INI.Register 26 can be that general memory or flip-flop (flipflop) formed.
Referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.When NFC element 10 will enter sleep pattern from a communication pattern, controller 20 and transceiver 22 are all closed, and reverser 24 makes resonant circuit start vibration, and register 26 records count results C instantly
f-CURwith V
level-CUR, be used as initial value C
f-INIwith initial value V
level-INI, and the Frequency Index Freq-indicator, the intensity index Level-indicator that are stored by register 26, all reset to 0 with the logical value of electromagnetic field index Field-indicator.Described in previously, initial value C
f-INIwith initial value V
level-INIthe condition judgment departing from sleep pattern whether will be met as NFC element 10 afterwards.In sleep pattern, resonant circuit persistent oscillation.The Frequency Index Freq-indicator, the intensity index Level-indicator that produce once environmental detector 28, with any one transition of electromagnetic field index Field-indicator be in logic 1, finite state machine 30 will wake NFC element 10 up, make Power Management Unit 18 start to power to controller 20 and transceiver 22.Meanwhile, register 26 records Frequency Index Freq-indicator, intensity index Level-indicator and electromagnetic field index Field-indicator instantly at once, namely records the reason that NFC element 10 is waken up.The controller 20 be waken up by record depending on register 26 Frequency Index Freq-indicator, intensity index Level-indicator, with electromagnetic field index Field-indicator, decide to operate in card reader pattern or label mode.Pattern switching law as shown in Figure 2.
When sleep pattern, if electromagnetic field index Field-indicator transition is in logic 1, represent oscillator signal V
rf+with V
rf--amplitude exceeded critical value V
field-thresholdcorresponding critical amplitudes, then NFC element 10 will be waken up, and operate in label mode.When sleep pattern, if electromagnetic field index Field-indicator still maintains in logic 0, but Frequency Index Freq-indicator or intensity index Level-indicator transition are in logic 1, represent that the inductance value of loop aerial 14 changes to some extent because of the change of external environment, then NFC element 10 will be waken up, and operate in card reader pattern.
According to above explanation, when the NFC element 10 in Fig. 1 is not close to another NFC element, nearly all can maintain in sleep pattern.Prove via experiment, the power consumption of NFC element 10 in sleep pattern can not higher than 50 micromicroamperes (uA).So the NFC element 10 implemented according to the present invention, will unusual power saving.When NFC element 10 is close to a NFC label, will automatically from sleep pattern, transition is to operating in card reader pattern.When NFC element 10 is close to a NFC card reader, also can transition automatically to operating in label mode.Such automatic mode switches, and can bring the convenience that user is suitable.
If during the metal of the NFC element 10 operating in sleep pattern close to non-NFC element, NFC element 10 may play change because of the inductance value of loop aerial 14, so be waken up, transition and enter card reader pattern.Just, experience the dull of a period of time, discovery is never had NFC signal and passes over from loop aerial 14, so NFC according to the rule in Fig. 2, will enter sleep pattern again by NFC element 10.Note that in current sleep pattern, the initial value C that register 26 records
f-INI, and initial value V
lEVEL-INI, the metal that can be updated to that non-NFC element nearby time initial value.In other words, NFC element 10 along with the change of environment, can upgrade initial value C automatically
f-INIand initial value V
lEVEL-INI, adjust the switching condition of operator scheme adaptively.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a mode switch module, be applied to switching one near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, this communication pattern comprises a card reader pattern and a label mode, and this mode switch module includes:
One resonant circuit driver, in order to drive a resonant circuit to produce an oscillator signal;
One environmental detector, in order to detect this oscillator signal degree affected by environment; And
One finite state machine, judges whether this near field communications element to switch to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern according to the degree that this oscillator signal is affected by environment,
Wherein this environmental detector comprises a signal strength detector, in order to detect an amplitude of this oscillator signal; When this amplitude and an initial amplitude difference reach a first threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern by this finite state machine; When this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this first threshold, and when not reaching a Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this card reader pattern from this sleep pattern by this finite state machine; And when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this label mode from this sleep pattern by this finite state machine.
2. mode switch module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this environmental detector also comprises a frequency of oscillation detector, in order to detect a frequency of this oscillator signal;
Wherein when this frequency and an initial frequency difference reach one the 3rd threshold value, and when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference do not reach this Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this card reader pattern from this sleep pattern by this finite state machine.
3. mode switch module as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, also include a register, in order to record this corresponding initial amplitude and this initial frequency when this near field communications element enters this sleep pattern.
4. mode switch module as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, this recorder trace has this near field communications element to switch to the reason of this communication pattern from this sleep pattern.
5. mode switch module as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, this initial amplitude and this initial frequency are updated along with the change of this near field communications element place environment.
6. mode switch module as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, when this near field communications element is in this sleep pattern, close a receiver and a controller of this near field communications element.
7. a mode switching method, be applied to switching one near field communications element between a sleep pattern and a communication pattern, this communication pattern comprises a card reader pattern and a label mode, and the method includes:
This near field communications element is made to enter this sleep pattern;
Drive a resonant circuit, to produce an oscillator signal;
Detect the degree that this oscillator signal is affected by environment; And
This near field communications element is switched to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern by the degree affected by environment according to this oscillator signal;
Wherein record an initial value corresponding when this near field communications element enters this sleep pattern, this initial value at least comprises an initial frequency and an initial amplitude, and detect an amplitude of this oscillator signal, when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach a first threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this communication pattern from this sleep pattern; When this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this first threshold, and when not reaching a Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this card reader pattern from this sleep pattern; And when this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference reach this Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this label mode from this sleep pattern.
8. mode switching method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, include: the frequency detecting this oscillator signal, when this frequency and this initial frequency difference reach one the 3rd threshold value, and this amplitude and this initial amplitude difference is not when reaching this Second Threshold, this near field communications element is switched to this card reader pattern from this sleep pattern.
9. mode switching method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, also include: record this near field communications element switches to this communication pattern reason from this sleep pattern.
10. mode switching method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this initial value can be updated along with the change of this near field communications element place environment.
11. mode switching methods as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the step making this near field communications element enter this sleep pattern comprises: a receiver and a controller of closing this near field communications element.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210348955.7A CN103684535B (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Mode switch module and mode switching method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210348955.7A CN103684535B (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Mode switch module and mode switching method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103684535A CN103684535A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN103684535B true CN103684535B (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
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| CN105517119B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2019-11-19 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | A kind of dispatching method, device and the terminal of NFC operating mode |
| KR20170084253A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-07-19 | 엠씨10, 인크 | System, device, and method for electronic device activation |
| FR3051283B1 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2018-04-27 | Dura Operating, Llc | ELECTRO MAGNETIC COUPLING READER |
| CN112949805A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 深圳市文鼎创数据科技有限公司 | NFC card equipment power supply method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN111586657B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-02-28 | Oppo（重庆）智能科技有限公司 | Near field communication method, device, storage medium and mobile terminal |
| FR3116167B1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2024-04-19 | St Microelectronics Rousset | Adjusting the activation time of a circuit |
| CN114696875A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-01 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | Wireless communication device and control method thereof |
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| CN101375497A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-02-25 | 尼古拉斯·帕特里克·罗兰·希尔 | Resonant circuits |
| CN102007705A (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2011-04-06 | Nxp股份有限公司 | Low power near-field communication devices |
| CN102281616A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 索尼公司 | Communication device, communication system, mode switching method, and program |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1871617A (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2006-11-29 | 索尼株式会社 | Mobile radio communication apparatus |
| CN101375497A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-02-25 | 尼古拉斯·帕特里克·罗兰·希尔 | Resonant circuits |
| CN102007705A (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2011-04-06 | Nxp股份有限公司 | Low power near-field communication devices |
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