CN103674082B - A kind of High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process - Google Patents
A kind of High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process, comprise based on the swept light source system of four-wave mixing, optical system for testing system, receiver and signal processing system, swept light source system uses narrow linewidth laser as original light source, and emergent light produces the high-order sideband frequency sweep light of swept frequency range broadening through external modulation.High-order sideband frequency sweep light is through the further enhancing of four-wave mixing process implementation swept frequency range.Four-wave mixing process is using frequency sweep sideband light as pump light, and the ideler frequency light obtained has double in the swept frequency range of pump light, utilizes narrow band optical filter filtering to obtain frequency sweep ideler frequency light.Described frequency sweep ideler frequency light, as frequency sweep carrier wave light source lead-in light road system, gathers the light signal of backscattering and reflection, by relevant detection and the signal transacting of this locality, realizes probe beam deflation analysis.Utilize nonlinear optical fiber four-wave mixing process efficiently can expand swept frequency range thus the spatial resolution of raising optical frequency domain reflectometer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields such as electrooptical modulation, nonlinear fiber optics, distributing optical fiber sensing, optical reflectometer, particularly relate to a kind of High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process.
Background technology
Optical fiber sensing technology is the development of adjoint Fibre Optical Communication Technology and develops rapidly, and take light wave as carrier, optical fiber is medium, the New Sensing Technology of perception and the extraneous measured signal of transmission.Electronic sensor recent decades are always as the standard mechanism measuring physics and mechanical phenomenon.Although be subject to widespread use, there is limitation in electronic sensor, maybe cannot use safely not, unrealistic in numerous applications.The feature of optical fiber is the impact of insulation, noise that is passive, that do not produce by electromagnetic interference (EMI), and can under the prerequisite of signal integrity is not even lost in few loss distance data transmission.Optical fiber sensing technology is compared to traditional Electronic transducer technology, has unrivaled technical advantage, is one of new and high technology developed rapidly in the world in recent years.Fibre Optical Sensor is particularly suitable for networked instruments that is distributed and multipoint mode.
Fiber distribution reflectometer is the core of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, can carry out non-damaged data to optical fiber, provides all kinds of details that measured parameter distributes along fiber lengths.The representational fiber distribution reflectometer of current most is the optical time domain reflectometer (OpticalTimeDomainReflectometer, OTDR) adopting light pulse technology." case point " that this technology judges on optical fiber link by the distribution of measuring fiber reflection, backscattering, the defect that such as, fusion point in optical fiber link, connector, bending, fracture etc. can cause light-transfer characteristic to change.The spatial resolution of OTDR technology depends on the width of test light pulse, and available light impulse length is then limited to frequency response and the noise floor of photodetector, and real space resolution is difficult to reach less than one meter.If adjacent " case point " is very close, the Fibre Optical Sensor based on OTDR technology just cannot provide test result accurately.
OTDR technology is restricted due to spatial resolution, can not meet the demand of many high-end monitorings.In order to improve the performance such as spatial resolution and sensitivity of measurement, backscattering method is applied to optical frequency territory, have developed optical frequency domain reflectometer (OpticalFrequencyDomainReflectometer, OFDR).The spatial resolution of OFDR system depends on the Wavelength tunable scope of light source as long as light source has enough wide Wavelength tunable scope, just can realize sufficiently high spatial resolution.The high spatial resolution of OFDR is widely used in numerous field [Opt.Express19,19790-19796 (2011)] measuring accuracy being had to high request more by making it.Can be modulated by light source internal or external modulation realizes frequency sweep, inner modulation sweep velocity is comparatively slow and may occur the situation of nonlinear frequency sweeping, and this is by influential system performance [Electron.Letters33,408-410 (1997)].Utilize external modulation, as by radiofrequency signal, single-sideband modulation is carried out to narrow linewidth laser, obtain the light signal of linear frequency sweep, for corresponding OFDR system, achieve the wireline inspection [J.LightwaveTechnol.6,3287-3294 (2008)] of long Distance geometry high spatial resolution.But the sweep limit of radio frequency swept-frequency signal is limited to electronic component, generally GHz magnitude can only be reached.The high spatial resolution of OFDR needs wide swept frequency range, therefore, studies novel broadband swept light source technology and necessitates.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in OFDR system, comparatively slow and may produce the problems such as nonlinear frequency sweeping in order to overcome light source internal modulating speed, source outer can be used to modulate and realize frequency sweep as utilized electrooptic modulator to carry out single-sideband modulation.But due to the restriction by device electronic bottleneck, radiofrequency signal range of scanned frequencies is limited, in order to expand swept frequency range thus improve spatial resolution, the present invention is based on the frequency chirp enlarge-effect of four-wave mixing, provide a kind of method improving swept bandwidth, thus obtain the probe beam deflation meter systems of high spatial resolution.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts following technical scheme:
Based on a High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system for four-wave mixing process, comprise swept light source system, optical system for testing system, receiver and signal processing system; It is characterized in that: described swept light source system comprises the first laser instrument, MZ Mach-Zehnder, radio-frequency signal generator, radio frequency amplifier, circulator, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, multiple Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), optical filter, second laser and nonlinear medium;
The radiofrequency signal that the narrow-linewidth laser that described first laser instrument sends sends according to radio-frequency signal generator, radio frequency amplifier amplifies also is connected to described MZ Mach-Zehnder and modulates after loading bias voltage, forms the light having polygon band and comb; The light obtained comb is imported the circulator being connected to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, the light wave reflected is as pump light after Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) amplification and optical filter filtering, and the flashlight produced with second laser is by nonlinear medium generation four-wave mixing process; The ideler frequency light that four-wave mixing produces imports optical system for testing system as frequency sweep carrier wave light source again after optical filter filtering and Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) are amplified, and interferes and finally received by receiver with this flash of light preceding an earthquake, and signal processing system process.
It is further characterized in that: described nonlinear medium is highly nonlinear optical fiber or the waveguide of high non-linearity silicon.
Above-mentioned highly nonlinear optical fiber length is not less than 100m, fibre loss not higher than 1dB/km, the not low and 10/W/km of the nonlinear factor of optical fiber.
Its further feature is also: described optical filter is the optical filter of narrow band filter based on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG or diffraction grating.
Further: described second laser produces centre frequency and is
f 1 narrow linewidth continuous light as flashlight, centered by described pump light, frequency is
f 2 , scan width is
Δ ffrequency sweep sideband light, two-beam produces ideler frequency light based on four-wave mixing process in nonlinear medium, and the swept bandwidth obtaining single order ideler frequency light is 2
Δ f, the swept frequency range of second order ideler frequency light is
3 Δ f; The swept frequency range of N rank ideler frequency light is (N+1)
Δ f.
Above-mentioned frequency sweep ideler frequency luminous power exceeds flashlight, more than pump light 10dB.
Technique effect of the present invention:
1. adopt source outer modulation, using the high-order frequency sweep sideband of generation as pump light, can obtain through the ideler frequency light that four-wave mixing effect produces the swept frequency range doubling pump light with another flashlight.
2. adopt fiber amplifier and narrow band optical filter, can using therefrom leach after the luminous power after four-wave mixing is amplified there is enough power and twice sideband swept frequency range ideler frequency light as the frequency sweep carrier wave light source importing OFDR light path system.
3. adopt high-order sideband frequency sweep light can obtain using the ideler frequency light producing double swept frequency range as the probe beam deflation meter systems of swept light source the spatial resolution that double amplitude improves as four-wave mixing pump light.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the basic structure schematic diagram of present system;
Comprise in figure: FL: fiber laser; PC: Polarization Controller; MZ-modulator: MZ Mach-Zehnder; RFsynthesizer: radio-frequency signal generator; RFAmplifier: radio frequency amplifier; Triggersource: trigger pip; Bias: bias voltage; CIR: circulator; FBG: Fiber Bragg Grating FBG; EDFA: Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA); BPF: optical filter; HNLF: highly nonlinear optical fiber; FUT: testing fiber; BPD: balance photodetector; Polarizationdiversity: polarization diversity; OC:3dB photo-coupler; ADC: analog-to-digital conversion module; Computer: computing machine.
Fig. 2 is that the MZ Mach-Zehnder that the embodiment of the present invention utilizes half-wave voltage lower modulates the optical frequency comb schematic diagram with multistage sideband obtained;
Power in figure: signal intensity; OpticalComb: light is combed; Wavelength: wavelength.
Fig. 3 is the spectrum schematic diagram creating ideler frequency light after the tenth single order sideband that the present invention uses Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and tunable optical filter to leach from the optical frequency comb modulated carries out four-wave mixing as pump light and another flashlight;
Power in figure: signal intensity; + 11thordersideband: the ten single order sideband; Wavelength: wavelength; Signal: flashlight; Pump: pump light; Idler: ideler frequency light.
Fig. 4 is the spectrum after the ideler frequency light and frequency sweep thereof obtained after amplification filtering;
The ideler frequency light spectrum of Fig. 4 (a) for obtaining after EDFA and narrow band optical filter, Fig. 4 (b) is the ideler frequency light spectrum will obtained after pump light frequency sweep;
Power in figure: signal intensity; Wavelength: wavelength; Pump: pump light; Idler: ideler frequency light.
Fig. 5 is spatial resolution experiment value measuring method schematic diagram of the present invention;
Reflectivity in figure: reflection coefficient; Distance: distance; FWHM: Fresnel reflection peak width.
Fig. 6 is the present invention when radiofrequency signal equivalence swept frequency range change, the spatial resolution theoretical value that different radio frequency signal swept frequency range is corresponding and experiment value comparison diagram;
Spatialresolution in figure: spatial resolution; RFsweepfrequencyspan: radiofrequency signal swept bandwidth; Measuredvalue: measured value; Theoreticalvalue: theoretical value.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Fig. 1 shows the basic schematic diagram of the system architecture described in the present embodiment.First laser instrument FL1 is connected to MZ Mach-Zehnder MZ-modulator, exports the light comb having polygon band after modulation.By optical fiber bragg grating FBG that is designed and that mate and adjustable filter BPF, required sideband can be leached under higher rejection ratio.Amplify luminous power through erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA 1, EDFA2 and use optical filter BPF1, BPF2 filtered noise, enough high-power high-order frequency sweep sideband is had as pump light using what leach, producing flashlight by second laser FL2, there is four-wave mixing process by highly nonlinear optical fiber HNLF in two light.The ideler frequency light that four-wave mixing produces amplifies as frequency sweep carrier wave light source lead-in light road system through erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA 3 again after narrow band optical filter BPF3 filtering, use single-mode fiber as testing fiber, the light reflected from testing fiber and this flash of light preceding an earthquake interfere and are finally detected by 8 analog-to-digital conversion module 8-bitADC coupled computer Computer.
Fig. 2 shows the MZ Mach-Zehnder that the present embodiment utilizes half-wave voltage lower and modulates the optical frequency comb schematic diagram with multistage sideband obtained.The highest in figure is carrier wave, and this optical frequency comb has more than 22 subcarriers as seen, and our filtering of the present embodiment obtains the tenth single order sideband as pump light.
Fig. 3 shows the spectrum schematic diagram creating ideler frequency light after the tenth single order sideband that the present embodiment uses Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and tunable optical filter to leach from the optical frequency comb modulated carries out four-wave mixing as pump light and another flashlight.In figure, ideler frequency luminous power is lower, so to need through power amplification and as frequency sweep carrier wave light source lead-in light road system after filtering.
Spectrum after the ideler frequency light that Fig. 4 obtains after showing the present embodiment amplification filtering and frequency sweep thereof.Wherein Fig. 4 (a) amplifies luminous power and the ideler frequency light spectrum obtained after narrow band optical filter BPF through erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, Fig. 4 (b) is the ideler frequency light spectrum obtained after pump light is carried out frequency sweep, and ideler frequency luminous power exceeds other frequencies of light signals 25dB.
Fig. 5 shows the spatial resolution experiment value measuring method schematic diagram of the present embodiment.Shown method measures the full width at half maximum of testing fiber end reflection Fresnel peak value, the spatial resolution that larger width representative is lower.Be illustrated as and use the tenth single order frequency sweep sideband as the Fresnel reflecting peak obtained during pump light when radiofrequency signal equivalence swept frequency range 640MHz, the full width at half maximum of peak value, as this spatial resolution experiment value, is 0.75cm.
Fig. 6 shows the present embodiment and uses the tenth single order frequency sweep sideband as the spatial resolution obtained during pump light when radiofrequency signal equivalence swept frequency range changes to 640MHz from 100MHz.Black real point line representation space resolution experiment value curve in figure, dotted line representation space resolution theoretical value curve, the spatial resolution numerical curve that experiment records is basic consistent with theoretical value curve.The spatial resolution that the present embodiment obtains is that traditional single-sideband modulation uses 1/22 of the spatial resolution obtained during the first rank sideband frequency sweep.
Claims (6)
1., based on a High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system for four-wave mixing process, comprise swept light source system, optical system for testing system, receiver and signal processing system; It is characterized in that: described swept light source system comprises the first laser instrument, MZ Mach-Zehnder, radio-frequency signal generator, radio frequency amplifier, circulator, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, multiple Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), optical filter, second laser and nonlinear medium;
The radiofrequency signal that the narrow-linewidth laser that described first laser instrument sends sends according to radio-frequency signal generator, radio frequency amplifier amplifies also is connected to described MZ Mach-Zehnder and modulates after loading bias voltage, forms the light having polygon band and comb; The light obtained comb is imported the circulator being connected to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, the light wave reflected is as pump light after Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) amplification and optical filter filtering, and the flashlight produced with second laser is by nonlinear medium generation four-wave mixing process; The ideler frequency light that four-wave mixing produces imports optical system for testing system as frequency sweep carrier wave light source again after optical filter filtering and Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) are amplified, and interferes and finally received by receiver with this flash of light preceding an earthquake, and signal processing system process.
2. the High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nonlinear medium is highly nonlinear optical fiber or the waveguide of high non-linearity silicon.
3. the High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described highly nonlinear optical fiber length is not less than 100m, fibre loss is not higher than 1dB/km, and the nonlinear factor of optical fiber is not less than 10/W/km.
4. the High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described optical filter is the optical filter of narrow band filter based on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG or diffraction grating.
5. the High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described second laser produces centre frequency and is
f 1 narrow linewidth continuous light as flashlight, centered by described pump light, frequency is
f 2 , scan width is
Δ ffrequency sweep sideband light, two-beam produces ideler frequency light based on four-wave mixing process in nonlinear medium, and the swept bandwidth obtaining single order ideler frequency light is 2
Δ f, the swept frequency range of second order ideler frequency light is
3 Δ f; The swept frequency range of N rank ideler frequency light is (N+1)
Δ f.
6. the High-spatial-resolutoptical optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on four-wave mixing process according to any one of claim 1,2,3,5, is characterized in that: described frequency sweep ideler frequency luminous power exceeds flashlight, more than pump light 10dB.
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| CN104022435A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Super-speed oversized bandwidth four-wave mixing continuous linear frequency sweeping laser source |
| CN104296965A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏骏龙电力科技股份有限公司 | OFDR experiment system |
| CN108400813A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-14 | 武汉邮电科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber link detecting system and method based on linear FM signal |
| CN109959627B (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2021-07-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rapid gas absorption spectrum measuring device and method based on optical frequency agility |
| CN111442851B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-01-29 | 重庆大学 | Time lens measuring system based on Raman soliton self-frequency shift |
| CN115913378B (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-04-05 | 西南交通大学 | Common-frequency shared optical fiber communication sensing integrated system |
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Effective date of registration: 20240305 Address after: No. 112, area C, Liye building, sensor network University Science Park, taikeyuan, Xinwu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214000 Patentee after: WUXI ALLIANSTREAM PHOTON TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Country or region after: China Address before: No. 1, Building 6, Qianren Entrepreneurship Park, Economic Development Zone, No. 98 Huiming Road, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, 315500 Patentee before: Ningbo Lianhe Photonics Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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