CN103532604B - Based on the Wave-packet shaping network able to programme of light WDM technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
Based on a Wave-packet shaping network able to programme for the ultra broadband great dynamic range of light WDM technology, its structure comprises: wavelength division multiplexer, electrooptic modulator, 1 × 2 optical switch, 2 × 2 optical switches, image intensifer, circulator, faraday rotation mirror and optical fiber true time delay line.The present invention can produce the microwave carrier signals that relevant out of phase postpones, thus replace the function of electric phase shifter in traditional automatically controlled phased array radar, largely eliminate the aperture effect in traditional phased array radar, there is ultra broadband, great dynamic range, the advantages such as PLC technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of Microwave photonics field, specifically a kind of Wave-packet shaping network able to programme of the ultra broadband great dynamic range based on light WDM technology.
Background technology
Phased array antenna system is at such as radar, and the fields such as communication system are all widely used, and one of them requisite part is exactly the Wave-packet shaping network of phase delay.In traditional automatically controlled phased array antenna, each antenna element is arranged an electric phase shifter, in order to change the phase relation of signal between antenna element, thus provide the relevant microwave signal of out of phase difference for phased array radar.But, traditional automatically controlled phased array radar is limited to " aperture effect " of phased array antenna (see Zhang Guangyi, Zhao Yujie, phased array technology. Beijing: Electronic Industry Press, 2006.12:390-392), namely signal frequency change can cause the skew of beam position, thus limit the bandwidth of radar, can only scan under the signal bandwidth of relative narrower, limit the performance of its wide bandwidth angle scanning aspect, thus constrain the application of phased array antenna in complex environment and high-performance field.This is all huge defect for completing radar that high-resolution measures, radar imagery and spread-spectrum signal radar.
The development learned a skill along with microwave photon and the extensive use in field of radar thereof, optically controlled phased array antennas offsets the restriction of aperture fill time (see I.FrigyesandA.Seeds effectively by adopting true time delay line technique, " Opticallygeneratedtrue-timedelayinphased-arrayantennas; " MicrowaveTheoryandTechniques, IEEETransactionson, vol.43, pp.2378-2386,1995.).The formation of the optically controlled phased array antennas wave beam using optical controlled beam forming network to realize and scanning, there is large instant bandwidth, without series of advantages such as wave beam stravismus effect, low-loss, small size, electromagnetism interference, detection range are far away, become an important directions of phased array radar development.
The core of Optical Controlled Phased Array Antenna is the Wave-packet shaping network structure that can produce true time delay.The true time of the optically controlled phased array antennas of the outer main flow of Current Domestic postpones scheme and comprises chromatic dispersion structure and optical fiber true time delay-line structure two kinds.Wherein, the constituted mode of chromatic dispersion structure has again multiple method, such as: fiber grating is (see C.Fan, S.Huang, X.Gao, J.Zhou, W.Gu, andH.Zhang, " Compacthighfrequencytrue-time-delaybeamformerusingbidire ctionalreflectanceofthefibergratings, " OpticalFiberTechnology, vol.19, pp.60-65, 2013.), high-dispersive fibre is (see M.Y.Chen, " Hybridphotonictrue-timedelaymodulesforquasi-continuousst eeringof2-Dphased-arrayantennas, " JournalofLightwaveTechnology, vol.31, pp.910-917, 2013.) etc., the formation of optical fiber true time delay-line structure comprises both direction again: simple changes the structure of optical fiber true time delay line length (see B.-M.Jung by switches light switch, D.-H.Kim, I.-P.Jeon, S.-J.Shin, andH.-J.Kim, " Opticaltruetime-delaybeamformerbasedonmicrowavephotonics forphasedarrayradar, " in20113rdInternationalAsia-PacificConferenceonSyntheticA pertureRadar, APSAR2011, September26, 2011-September30, 2011, Seoul, Korea, Republicof, 2011, pp.824-827.) and the structure that combines of wavelength division multiplexer and optical fiber true time delay line (see O.Raz, S.Barzilay, R.Rotman, andM.Tur, " Submicrosecondscan-angleswitchingphotonicbeamformerwithf latRFresponseintheCandXbands, " JournalofLightwaveTechnology, vol.26, pp.2774-2781, 2008.).Adopt multichannel wavelength division multiplexed light delay technique can simplify the structure of system greatly, make system configuration compact.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-wavelength Wave-packet shaping network device, thus produce a ultra broadband great dynamic range and programmable smooth time delay network.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Wave-packet shaping network able to programme of the ultra broadband great dynamic range based on light WDM technology, feature is that its formation comprises: the coupling assembling between first wave division multiplexer, Second Wave division multiplexer, electrooptic modulator, the optical switch of the one 1 × 2, the optical switch of the 21 × 2 and multilevel delay unit and delay cell, this coupling assembling is four port coupling assemblings.
Described delay cell comprises circulator, assembly, wavelength division multiplexer, optical fiber true time delay line and faraday rotation mirror, 2 ports of described circulator connect after described wavelength division multiplexer is connected and realizes light wave demultiplexing through described assembly, different passage is through having the optical fiber true time delay line of different retardation, and the end of each channel fiber true time delay line is connected with described faraday rotation mirror, enter the light input end of described electrooptic modulator after the multipath light signal of different wave length is multiplexing by described first wave division multiplexer, the light output end of this electrooptic modulator is connected with 2 ports of the optical switch of the described the one 1 × 2, 3 ports of the optical switch of the described the one 1 × 2 connect 1 port of the coupling assembling between first order delay cell and second level delay cell, 1 port of optical switch of the one 1 × 2 is connected with 1 port of the circulator of first order delay cell, 3 ports of this circulator connect 2 ports of the coupling assembling between first order delay cell and second level delay cell, 3 ports of this coupling assembling connect 1 port of the circulator of second level delay cell, 3 ports of the circulator of afterbody delay cell connect 3 ports of the optical switch of the described 21 × 2, 1 port of the optical switch of the 21 × 2 connects 4 ports of previous stage coupling assembling, 2 ports of the optical switch of the 21 × 2 connect described Second Wave division multiplexer.
If the assembly optical patchcord of described delay cell, then described coupling assembling is the link block of the two-output impulse generator that optical switch and image intensifer combination are formed.
If the assembly image intensifer of described delay cell, then described coupling assembling is the optical switch of 2 × 2.
Described wavelength division multiplexer is dense wave division multiplexer (DWDM) or arrayed waveguide grating type Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer (AWG).
1 × 2 described optical switch, 2 × 2 optical switches are mems optical switches, electric light opens the light or magneto-optic shutter.
Described electrooptic modulator is light intensity modulator or optical phase modulator, and described light intensity modulator is lithium niobate MZ structured light intensity modulator/or polymer MZ structured light intensity modulator or electroabsorption modulator.Described optical phase modulator is lithium niobate phase modulator or polymer phase-modulator.
Described optical fiber true time delay line is the monomode fiber with following specific length:
The optical fiber true time delay line that in first order delay cell, wavelength division multiplexer rear end connects has the channel spacing of Δ τ, the optical fiber true time delay line that in the delay cell of the second level, wavelength division multiplexer rear end connects has the channel spacing of 2 Δ τ, the rest may be inferred, and the optical fiber true time delay line that in K level delay cell, wavelength division multiplexer rear end connects has 2
k-1the channel spacing of Δ τ.
Described image intensifer is erbium-doped fiber amplifier or semiconductor optical amplifier, is used for realizing the amplification of light signal, effectively suppresses the Insertion Loss of microwave signal, reduces the noise factor of system.
Described faraday rotation mirror is light wave reflection device, is used for realizing optical fiber true time delay line length and reduces by half.
Described circulator is low-loss optically passive device, in order to realize the directional transmissions of light wave.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the optical fiber true time delay line in the present invention is completed online by high-precision cutting method, can also continue to improve making precision by improving method of measurement, thus reduce the interval of different interchannel optical fiber true time delay line, realize less delay stepping.
2, the present invention is a kind of Wave-packet shaping network able to programme of the ultra-wide band great dynamic range based on light WDM technology, utilize wavelength division multiplexer, electrooptic modulator, optical switch, image intensifer, circulator and faraday rotation mirror, and in conjunction with different length optical fiber true time delay line, different delay steppings can be realized, thus improve the scanning accuracy of multi-wavelength beam forming.
3, the present invention, is modulated on the light signal of different wave length by electrooptic modulator by microwave signal, utilizes optical fiber true time delay line, in full photosystem, realizes different retardations, thus realizes the different phase delay of microwave signal.True time by adopting optical fiber true time delay line to realize light signal in whole system postpones, so all can realize the function of optics phase shift for the microwave signal of any wave band, greatly improve the bandwidth of operation of system, namely the present invention has the feature of ultra broadband.
4, the present invention, has carried out light amplification for every one-level multi-wavelength delay unit, has effectively inhibit the Insertion Loss of microwave signal, reduce the noise factor of system.Therefore by the topology of multi-wavelength delay unit, increase the progression of wavelength division multiplexer, can realize the adjustable of amount of delay on a large scale, namely the present invention has the feature of great dynamic range.
5, the present invention, can for 1 × 2 in system, and the optical switch of 2 × 2 carries out PLC technology.By " ON " of optical switch different modes, " OFF " combines, and select different delay passages, realize different retardations, namely the present invention has programmable feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a Wave-packet shaping network able to programme embodiment of the ultra broadband great dynamic range that the present invention is based on light WDM technology.
Fig. 2 is that the Wave-packet shaping network able to programme of the ultra broadband great dynamic range that the present invention is based on light WDM technology can topological structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 (a) is that the port of 1 × 2 optical switch illustrates, Fig. 2 (b) is the port explanation of 2 × 2 optical switches.
Fig. 4 is that the link block of the optical switch of two 1 × 2 and the two-output impulse generator of image intensifer combination formation illustrates.
Fig. 5 is that the port of circulator illustrates, light wave can only be transmitted to 2 ports from 1 port in circulator, is transmitted to 3 ports from 2 ports, otherwise cannot.
Experimental results between the phase delay that Fig. 6 produces for a certain passage of optical wavelength-division multiplex in specific implementation process of the present invention under different delayed time state and frequency.
Embodiment
A specific embodiment of the present invention is provided below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.The present embodiment is implemented premised on technical scheme of the present invention, gives detailed execution mode and process, but protection scope of the present invention should not be limited to following embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Wave-packet shaping network embodiment able to programme of the ultra broadband great dynamic range that the present invention is based on light WDM technology.As seen from the figure, the present embodiment is based on the Wave-packet shaping network able to programme of the ultra broadband great dynamic range of light WDM technology, its formation comprises: the optical switch 3 of first wave division multiplexer 1, Second Wave division multiplexer 19, electrooptic modulator the 2, the one 1 × 2, optical switch 13, three grades of delay cells 23 of the optical switch the 8, the 22 × 2 of the optical switch the 18, the one 2 × 2 of the 21 × 2.First order delay cell is made up of wavelength division multiplexer 5, image intensifer 20, circulator 4, optical fiber true time delay line 6, faraday rotation mirror 7; Second level delay cell is made up of wavelength division multiplexer 10, image intensifer 21, circulator 9, optical fiber true time delay line 11, faraday rotation mirror 12; Third level delay cell is made up of wavelength division multiplexer 15, image intensifer 22, circulator 14, optical fiber true time delay line 16, faraday rotation mirror 17.
The annexation of above-mentioned component is as follows:
Wavelength division multiplexer 1 described in the optical signals of different wave length multiplexing laggard enter the light input end of electrooptic modulator 2, the light output end of this electrooptic modulator 2 is connected with 2 ports of the optical switch 3 of 1 × 2,1 port of optical switch 3 of 1 × 2 is connected with 1 port of circulator 4, and 3 ports of optical switch 3 of 1 × 2 are connected with the Single port in the input direction of the optical switch 8 of 2 × 2; Wherein the light wave of each wavelength is multiplexing through wavelength division multiplexer 1, the interface of different passages of process and the microwave input port of electrooptic modulator as the input of this device;
2 ports of described circulator 4 are connected with image intensifer 20, and then after being connected with wavelength division multiplexer 5 and realizing light wave demultiplexing, different passage is through the optical fiber true time delay line 6 of different retardation, and then each channel end is connected with faraday rotation mirror 7; 3 ports of circulator 4 are connected with the another port in the input direction of the optical switch 8 of 2 × 2;
The Single port in output direction of the optical switch 8 of described 2 × 2 is connected with 1 port of circulator 9, and another port is connected with the Single port in the optical switch 13 input direction of 2 × 2; 2 ports of circulator 9 are connected with image intensifer 21, and then after being connected with wavelength division multiplexer 10 and realizing light wave demultiplexing, different passage is through the optical fiber true time delay line 11 of different retardation, and then each channel end is connected with faraday rotation mirror 12; 3 ports of circulator 9 are connected with the another port in the optical switch 13 input direction of 2 × 2;
The Single port in optical switch 13 output direction of described 2 × 2 is connected with 1 port of circulator 14, and another port is connected with 1 port of the optical switch 18 of 1 × 2; After 2 ports of circulator 14 are connected with image intensifer 22, then after being connected with wavelength division multiplexer 15 and realizing light wave demultiplexing, different passage is through the optical fiber true time delay line 16 of different retardation, and then each channel end is connected with faraday rotation mirror 17; 3 ports of circulator 14 are connected with 3 ports of the optical switch 18 of 1 × 2;
2 ports of the optical switch 18 of described 1 × 2 are connected with wavelength division multiplexer 19, realize the output of the different passages after light wave demultiplexing as this device.
Described wavelength division multiplexer 1,5,10,15,19 is dense wave division multiplexer (DWDM).The light of the optical switch 3,18,2 × 2 of described 1 × 2 opens 8, and 13 is mems optical switches, wherein 1 × 2 optical switch by 2 × 2 optical switch replace using.Described electrooptic modulator 2 is lithium niobate MZ structured light intensity modulator.Described image intensifer is semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).Described optical fiber true time delay line 6,11,16 for having the monomode fiber of specific length after precision cutting, the optical fiber true time delay line 6 that wavelength division multiplexer 5 rear end connects has the channel spacing of Δ τ, the optical fiber true time delay line 11 that wavelength division multiplexer 10 rear end connects has the channel spacing of 2 Δ τ, and the optical fiber true time delay line that wavelength division multiplexer 15 rear end connects has the channel spacing of 4 Δ τ.
Table 1 is four channel spacing test datas wherein in specific implementation process of the present invention.
Table 1.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
First, the laser of multiple wavelength after DWDM1 is multiplexing as carrier signal, microwave signal is modulated in carrier signal through the RF input port of electrooptic modulator 2, then by passing through DWDM19 demultiplexing out after the programmable optical fiber true time delay network of DWDM, circulator, image intensifer, optical switch, optical fiber true time delay line and faraday rotation mirror composition, so form that multichannel is concerned with modulated after carrier signal, photodetector and the aerial array of rear end can be sent to, thus complete the beam scanning in space.
Wherein, in whole multi-wavelength Wave-packet shaping network device, most crucial part is exactly optical fiber true time delay network.In the elementary cell of this delay network, the port number of DWDM is equal with needing the antenna submatrix number of Phaseshift controlling.The delay line of each channel in reflection mode of DWDM, utilizes faraday rotation mirror as speculum at channel delay line tail end.DWDM interchannel fiber lengths distributes according to arithmetic progression.In order to realize larger retardation, this delay cell is carried out cascade, and introduce optical switch and control.
In delay cell not at the same level, between the wavelength of wavelength division multiplexing, retardation adopts progression to distribute.Such as, first order DWDM interchannel (between wavelength) retardation distributes according to arithmetic progression, interchannel length difference is arranged to Δ L, second level DWDM is different, and channel delay amount still distributes according to arithmetic progression, but interchannel delay amount is arranged to 2 × Δ L, between 3rd level DWDM wavelength, retardation is arranged to 4 × Δ L, and between K level DWDM wavelength, retardation is arranged to 2
k-1× Δ L.As in System Implementation process, we arrange first order DWDM5 interchannel interval 5mm, and DWDM10 interchannel interval, second level 10mm, third level DWDM15 interchannel interval 20mm verifies.Then elementary cell is together in series by circulator and optical switch by we, forms multi-wavelength beam forming time delay network that is continuous, fast tunable.By " ON " that light opens the light, the delay passage that " OFF " gating is different, the carrier signal of final different wave length just defines different phase delay.
Claims (9)
1. the Wave-packet shaping network able to programme based on the ultra broadband great dynamic range of light WDM technology, feature is that its formation comprises: the coupling assembling between first wave division multiplexer, Second Wave division multiplexer, electrooptic modulator, the optical switch of the one 1 × 2, the optical switch of the 21 × 2 and multilevel delay unit and delay cell, this coupling assembling is four end coupling assemblings, and described delay cell comprises circulator, assembly, wavelength division multiplexer, optical fiber true time delay line and faraday rotation mirror, 2 ports of described circulator connect after described wavelength division multiplexer is connected and realizes light wave demultiplexing through described assembly, different passage is through having the optical fiber true time delay line of different retardation, and the end of the optical fiber true time delay line of each passage is connected with described faraday rotation mirror, the light input end of described electrooptic modulator is entered after the multipath light signal of different wave length is multiplexing by described first wave division multiplexer, the light output end of this electrooptic modulator is connected with 2 ports of the optical switch of the described the one 1 × 2, 3 ports of the optical switch of the one 1 × 2 connect 1 port of the coupling assembling between first order delay cell and second level delay cell, 1 port of optical switch of the one 1 × 2 is connected with 1 port of the circulator of first order delay cell, 3 ports of this circulator connect 2 ports of the coupling assembling between first order delay cell and second level delay cell, 3 ports of this coupling assembling connect 1 port of the circulator of second level delay cell, 3 ports of the circulator of afterbody delay cell connect 3 ports of the optical switch of the described 21 × 2, 1 port of the optical switch of the 21 × 2 connects 4 ports of previous stage coupling assembling, 2 ports of the optical switch of the 21 × 2 connect described Second Wave division multiplexer.
2. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 1, if it is characterized in that the assembly image intensifer of described delay cell, then described coupling assembling is the optical switch of 2 × 2.
3. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wavelength division multiplexer is dense wave division multiplexer (DWDM) or arrayed waveguide grating type Wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer (AWG).
4. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 1, is characterized in that 1 × 2 described optical switch, 2 × 2 optical switches is mems optical switches, electric light opens the light or magneto-optic shutter,
5. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 1, is characterized in that described electrooptic modulator is light intensity modulator or optical phase modulator.
6. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 5, is characterized in that described light intensity modulator is lithium niobate MZ structured light intensity modulator/or polymer MZ structured light intensity modulator or electroabsorption modulator.
7. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 5, is characterized in that described optical phase modulator is lithium niobate phase modulator or polymer phase-modulator.
8. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described optical fiber true time delay line is the monomode fiber with following specific length: the optical fiber true time delay line that in first order delay cell, wavelength division multiplexer rear end connects has the channel spacing of Δ τ, the optical fiber true time delay line that in the delay cell of the second level, wavelength division multiplexer rear end connects has the channel spacing of 2 Δ τ, the rest may be inferred, and the optical fiber true time delay line that in K level delay cell, wavelength division multiplexer rear end connects has 2
k-1the channel spacing of Δ τ.
9. Wave-packet shaping network able to programme according to claim 2, is characterized in that described image intensifer is erbium-doped fiber amplifier or semiconductor optical amplifier.
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