CN103137071A - Novel active pixel driving circuit with capacity for threshold value compensation - Google Patents
Novel active pixel driving circuit with capacity for threshold value compensation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel active pixel driving circuit with capacity for threshold value compensation, wherein the novel active pixel driving circuit is used for an organic light-emitting diode. The novel active pixel driving circuit is formed by six N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) tubes and a capacitor; provided are four switch control signals and one brightness control signal; the novel active pixel driving circuit works at three different work stages including a pre-charging stage, a discharging stage and a light-emitting stage; at the pre-charging stage, bias voltage is loaded on the grid end of a driving tube to prepare for storing of threshold voltage of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) tubes at the second stage; at the discharging stage, the grid end of the driving tube discharges through a discharge circuit formed by two MOS tubes until the voltage of the grid end decreases to the threshold voltage, then the discharge finishes; at the light-emitting stage, the brightness control signal is loaded at the source end of the driving tube which works in a saturation region at the light-emitting stage, due to the fact that the threshold voltage of the MOS tube is collected and stored at the grid end of the driving tube at the discharging stage, the operating characteristics of the saturation region of the MOS tube enable the current which finally flows through the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) to be unrelated to the threshold voltage of the MOS tube, so that the effect of compensation of migration of the threshold voltage of the driving tube is achieved, the current which flows through the OLED can be effectively stabilized, and light-emitting efficiency of the OLED can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the active pixel driving circuit for Organic Light Emitting Diode, the structure by the design pixel-driving circuit can reduce the threshold shift effect to the impact of circuit performance.
Background technology
Along with people's living standard is more and more higher, people are also more and more higher to the pursuit of quality of the life.TV, the relation of a series of flat pannel display instruments such as mobile phone and daily life is more and more closer, add adding fuel to the flames of each large display manufacturer of the world, flat-panel screens has been goed deep into each family and individual, and people expect the stage that even reached harsh very much for the quality of video display.Under this background, Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is lightweight due to it, volume is thin, reaction velocity is fast, brightness is high, power saving, contrast is high, the visual angle is wide, the series of advantages such as low-cost has been subject to people extensive concern.
Due to the various advantages of OLED, OLED has obtained using widely.Through the technical development of several years, overall efficiency, use a series of consideration such as area, active OLED(AMOLED) pixel-driving circuit (PIXEL) just replaces passive type OLED(PMOLED gradually) driving circuit, become the future trend that OLED uses.
Traditional active pixel driving circuit is made of 2 NMOS pipes and 1 electric capacity as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, driving tube works in the saturation region in glow phase, and the current formula of saturation region is shown below.
Wherein, be the mobility of charge carrier, be the unit-area capacitance of grid oxygen in metal-oxide-semiconductor, L is the channel length of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and W is the grid width of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and these parameters are determined by selected metal-oxide-semiconductor technique.V
GSBe the voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor grid end and source, V
THIt is the threshold voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
As shown in following formula, the size of electric current is by gate source voltage and the threshold voltage V of metal-oxide-semiconductor
THDifference determines.
Due to technique and the not first-class reason of duty, the stability of various problems affect circuit can appear in pixel-driving circuit.For example threshold voltage shift in various degree can appear in the driving tube in pixel-driving circuit, and this will cause the inhomogeneous of panel, reduces the display performance of OLED.In order to address this problem, be necessary to optimize the structure of pixel-driving circuit, the deviation effect of driving tube threshold voltage is compensated.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve above-mentioned driving tube threshold voltage shift, circuit characteristic to be impacted, proposed a kind of driving circuit that can effective compensation driving tube threshold voltage shift effect.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of pixel-driving circuit with multiple duty, can pass through the threshold voltage of extraction metal-oxide-semiconductor in advance, make the relation of the skew that can ignore final driving tube size of current and its threshold voltage, thereby keep the constancy of driving tube electric current, it is characterized in that: this pixel-driving circuit comprises 6 NMOS pipes such as M1, M2, M3, M4, Me, Md and a capacitor C st; Circuit has 5 input signals, is respectively scan control signal 1, scan control signal 2, scan control signal 3, LED control signal and brightness control signal; The grid termination scan control signal 1 of M1 pipe, the drain terminal of M1 pipe is connected with the drain terminal of brightness control signal with the M4 pipe, and the grid end of the grid end of the source of M1 pipe and Md pipe, the drain terminal of M2 pipe, M3 pipe and the port one of capacitor C st connect together; The grid termination scan control signal 2 of M2 pipe, the source of M2 pipe is connected with the drain terminal of M3 pipe; The source of M3 pipe directly is connected with ground GND; The grid termination scan control signal 3 of M4 pipe, the source of M4 pipe is connected with source and the luminescent device OLED positive pole of Md pipe; The minus earth utmost point of OLED; The grid termination LED control signal of Me pipe, the drain terminal of Me pipe meets power vd D, and the source of Me pipe is connected with the drain terminal of Md pipe; The port 2 of capacitor C st is connected with ground GND;
Said pixel-driving circuit with multiple duty is characterized in that: pixel-driving circuit has three kinds of working stages, is respectively pre-charging stage, discharge regime and glow phase; Driving circuit is from starting working, and its working stage always first is operated in pre-charging stage, then is operated in discharge regime, finally is operated in glow phase.
One of said pixel-driving circuit duty---pre-charging stage, it is a process of setting original state, it is characterized in that: when scan control signal 1 becomes high level from low level, scan control signal 2, scan control signal 3 and LED control signal are low level, brightness control signal Vin is made as VDD at this moment, shows that pixel-driving circuit is in pre-charging stage; When scan control signal 1 became low level from high level, the expression pixel-driving circuit withdrawed from pre-charging stage; The M1 pipe is in conducting state, and M2, Me and M4 pipe are in cut-off state; Under the effect of M1 pipe grid end high level, be in conducting state due to the M1 pipe, Vin charges to supply voltage value VDD by the M1 pipe to the some A that the grid end of the port one of the grid end of the drain terminal of the source of M1 pipe, M2 pipe, M3, electric capacity and Md is connected with each other; The shortest time that pixel-driving circuit is in pre-charging stage is from scan control signal 1 is during for high level, is charged to the time till the threshold voltage value of Md to the A point; The typical time that pixel-driving circuit is in pre-charging stage is from scan control signal 1 is during for high level, is charged to time till supply voltage to the A point.
Said pixel-driving circuit duty it---discharge regime, it is characterized in that: when scan control signal 2 becomes high level from low level, when scan control signal 1, scan control signal 3, LED control signal and brightness control signal are low level, show that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime; When scan control signal 2 becomes low level from high level, show that pixel-driving circuit withdraws from discharge regime; M2, M3 pipe are in conducting state, and M1, M4 and Me are in cut-off state; The bleed-off circuit that A point stored charge is managed by M2 and M3 pipe the forms ground GND that releases is until the voltage at A point place drops to the threshold voltage V of M3 pipe
TH, M3The shortest time that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime is from scan control signal 2 is during for high level, is discharged into the time till the threshold voltage value of M3 to the A point; The maximum duration that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime is from scan control signal 2 is during for high level, is discharged into the time till the threshold voltage value of M3 pipe 95% due to leakage current to the A point.
Said pixel-driving circuit duty it---glow phase, it is characterized in that: when LED control signal and scan control signal 3 become high level from low level, when scan control signal 1 and scan control signal 2 became low level, pixel-driving circuit was in glow phase; When LED control signal became low level from high level, pixel-driving circuit withdrawed from glow phase; Brightness control signal is adjusted its magnitude of voltage according to luminous situation, and the magnitude of voltage of brightness control signal is larger, and the brightness of Organic Light Emitting Diode is higher; M1 and M2 are in cut-off state; The maximum duration that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime be LED control signal from low level becomes high level, the time when becoming high level because leakage current is discharged into LED control signal from low level to the A point till 95% of this point voltage value the time.
Pixel-matrix circuit based on this pixel-driving circuit forms is characterized in that: VDD, GND share for each pixel, as utility power.Scan control signal 1 and scan control signal 2 are also shared for each pixel, before brightness control signal adds, can complete the extraction of the threshold voltage of driving tube in all pixel-driving circuits like this.And brightness control signal and scan control signal 3 are the row shared cell, and such method of attachment has reduced the time that data write.LED control signal is own for each pixel-driving circuit, controls the whether luminous of OLED.
Advantage of the present invention and remarkable result:
1) structure of this pixel-driving circuit only uses little electric capacity and a metal-oxide-semiconductor of capacitance to form, and increases as far as possible the aperture opening ratio of panel.
2) the luminous of this pixel-driving circuit controlled by LED control signal, is very easy to be closed to save power consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional active pixel driving circuit;
Fig. 2 is pixel-driving circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the work schedule of each control signal of the present invention;
Fig. 4 pre-charging stage;
Fig. 5 discharge regime;
Fig. 6 glow phase
Fig. 7 is the pixel-matrix circuit diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2 be pixel-driving circuit of the present invention.The grid termination control signal em of Me pipe, drain terminal and power vd D connect together, and the drain terminal of source and Md pipe connects together.Md is the luminous driving tube of driving OLED, the source of its grid end and M1 pipe, and the grid end of M3 pipe, the drain terminal of the port one of capacitor C st and M2 pipe connects together, and drain terminal is connected with the source of Me pipe, and source sending and receiving optical device OLED is anodal.VDD, Me pipe, Md pipe, OLED and GND have consisted of the light emitting path of circuit.Me has managed the effect of switch, and only in the stage of wishing that OLED is luminous, the Me pipe just is in conducting state under the control of LED control signal em.The Md pipe is for lighting the driving tube of OLED, and final driving signal is added in its source, because its drain terminal voltage close to VDD, can arrange the value of VDD and make its glow phase work in the saturation region, provides stable drive current.
The grid end of the grid end of the drain terminal of the port one of capacitor C st and M2 pipe, M3 pipe, the source of M1 pipe and Md pipe connects together.The source of Vin, M4 pipe and Md pipe has consisted of the data write paths of circuit.
By circuit timing diagram shown in Figure 3, the work with circuit clearly is divided into three phases, is respectively pre-charging stage, discharge regime and glow phase.
1) pre-charging stage
The grid termination scan control signal 1 of M1 pipe in circuit, drain terminal brightness control signal Vin is connected, and the source of the grid end of source and Md pipe, the grid end of M3 pipe, M2 pipe and the port one of capacitor C st connect together.The precharge loop of the grid end forming circuit of VDD, M1 pipe and Md pipe.In the precharge loop, the M1 pipe only is equivalent to a switch.During work, as shown in Figure 4, scan control signal 1 becomes high level, and the precharge loop is activated, and Vin is made as VDD by the M1 pipe with A point current potential.
2) discharge regime
The grid termination control signal scan control signal 2 of M2 pipe, source is connected with the drain terminal of M3 pipe, and the grid end of the port one of drain terminal and capacitor C st, the grid end of Md pipe, M3 pipe and the source of M1 pipe connect together.The port one of the grid end of M3 pipe and the source of M1 pipe, capacitor C st, the drain terminal of M2 pipe and the grid end of Md pipe connect together, the direct ground connection GND of the source of M3 pipe, and the drain terminal of M3 pipe is connected with the source of M2 pipe.The grid end of Md, M2 pipe, M3 pipe and GND have consisted of the bleed-off circuit of circuit.What the M2 pipe played is also an on-off action, is used for activating bleed-off circuit.When control signal scan control signal 2 becomes high level, the M2 pipe is in conducting state, bleed-off circuit is activated, as shown in Figure 5, this moment, the M3 pipe was equivalent to the metal-oxide-semiconductor of a diode connection, so M3 pipe conducting is until source voltage terminal turn-offs when dropping to its threshold voltage, and circuit is completed discharge process, the current potential that this moment, A was ordered is the threshold voltage value of M3 pipe, thereby has realized the extraction to the metal-oxide-semiconductor threshold voltage.
3) glow phase
Vin adds brightness control signal, and LED control signal em and scan control signal 3 become high point puts down, and all the other signals are low, and capacitor C st port one connects the grid end of Md pipe, the direct ground connection GND of port 2.The constitutional diagram of work as shown in Figure 6.
The Me pipe is only switching tube, its grid termination control signal em, and drain terminal meets VDD, and source is connected with the drain terminal of Md pipe.By VDD, Me, this path of Md is determined the size of current of OLED by the source voltage terminal of Md pipe, light OLED.
Because the drain terminal voltage of driving tube close to VDD, guarantees that by VDD is set it works in the saturation region, we analyze according to the character of metal-oxide-semiconductor saturation region operation the electric current that finally flows through OLED.Current formula by the saturation region:
In glow phase, grid end and source voltage terminal are respectively:
So have:
We wish that the characteristic of each metal-oxide-semiconductor is identical in pixel-driving circuit, namely wish
I like this
OLEDJust be similar to and be expressed as:
The final like this electric current that flows through OLED will be irrelevant, only relevant with the voltage of brightness control signal with the threshold voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor, realize the compensation to threshold shift.Even after work a period of time, change has occured in the threshold voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor, but due to the existence of leakage current, and the frequency of pixel-driving circuit detection threshold change in voltage is far away faster than the frequency of threshold voltage variation, therefore the variation of threshold voltage can be detected at any time, thereby keeps I
OLEDStable, namely realized the compensation to threshold shift.
Shown in Figure 7 is the pixel-matrix circuit.Module connecting method with 2x2 has represented the general connected mode of pixel-driving circuit of the present invention when forming the dot matrix circuit.As can be seen from the figure, connect signal for the outside, scan control signal 1 and scan control signal 2 are shared for each pixel-driving circuit, like this before brightness control signal adds, can unified operation complete the extraction to the threshold voltage of driving tube in all pixel-driving circuits.Brightness control signal and scan control signal 3 are the row shared cell, and such method of attachment can reduce the time that data write.LED control signal is own for each pixel-driving circuit, controls the whether luminous of OLED.
Claims (6)
1. the active pixel driving circuit of novel a carried out valve value compensation that is applicable to Organic Light Emitting Diode, this circuit comprise 6 NMOS pipes such as M1, M2, M3, M4, Me, Md and a capacitor C st; Circuit has 5 input signals, is respectively scan control signal 1, scan control signal 2, scan control signal 3, LED control signal and brightness control signal; The grid termination scan control signal 1 of M1 pipe, the drain terminal of M1 pipe is connected with the drain terminal of brightness control signal with the M4 pipe, and the grid end of the grid end of the source of M1 pipe and Md pipe, the drain terminal of M2 pipe, M3 pipe and the port one of capacitor C st connect together; The grid end of brightness control signal, M1 pipe and Md pipe has consisted of the precharge loop of circuit; The grid termination scan control signal 2 of M2 pipe, the source of M2 pipe is connected with the drain terminal of M3 pipe; The source of M3 pipe directly is connected with ground GND; The grid end of Md pipe, M2 pipe, M3 pipe and GND have consisted of the bleed-off circuit of circuit; The grid termination scan control signal 3 of M4 pipe, the source of M4 pipe is connected with source and the luminescent device OLED positive pole of Md pipe; The minus earth utmost point of OLED; The grid termination LED control signal of Me pipe, the drain terminal of Me pipe meets power vd D, and the source of Me pipe is connected with the drain terminal of Md pipe; VDD, Me pipe, Md pipe, OLED and GND have consisted of the light emitting path of circuit; The port 2 of capacitor C st is connected with ground GND; The source of Vin, M4 pipe and Md pipe has consisted of the data write paths of circuit.
2. one kind the compensation method of threshold voltage shift occurs because of long-term making alive biasing to driving tube, pixel-driving circuit according to claim 1, effect by 4 control signals, make circuit work in respectively three different states, be respectively pre-charging stage, discharge regime and glow phase.
3. one of duty according to claim 2: pre-charging stage; It is a process of setting original state, it is characterized in that: when scan control signal 1 becomes high level from low level, scan control signal 2, scan control signal 3 and LED control signal are low level, brightness control signal Vin is made as VDD at this moment, shows that pixel-driving circuit is in pre-charging stage; When scan control signal 1 became low level from high level, the expression pixel-driving circuit withdrawed from pre-charging stage; The M1 pipe is in conducting state, and M2, Me and M4 pipe are in cut-off state; Under the effect of M1 pipe grid end high level, be in conducting state due to the M1 pipe, Vin charges to supply voltage value VDD by the M1 pipe to the some A that the grid end of the port one of the grid end of the drain terminal of the source of M1 pipe, M2 pipe, M3, electric capacity and Md is connected with each other; The shortest time that pixel-driving circuit is in pre-charging stage is from scan control signal 1 is during for high level, is charged to the time till the threshold voltage value of Md to the A point; The typical time that pixel-driving circuit is in pre-charging stage is from scan control signal 1 is during for high level, is charged to time till supply voltage to the A point.
4. one of duty according to claim 2: discharge regime; It is characterized in that: when scan control signal 2 becomes high level from low level, when scan control signal 1, scan control signal 3, LED control signal and brightness control signal are low level, show that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime; When scan control signal 2 becomes low level from high level, show that pixel-driving circuit withdraws from discharge regime; M2, M3 pipe are in conducting state, and M1, M4 and Me are in cut-off state; The bleed-off circuit that A point stored charge is managed by M2 and M3 pipe the forms ground GND that releases is until the voltage at A point place drops to the threshold voltage V of M3 pipe
TH, M3The shortest time that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime is from scan control signal 2 is during for high level, is discharged into the time till the threshold voltage value of M3 to the A point; The maximum duration that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime is from scan control signal 2 is during for high level, is discharged into the time till the threshold voltage value of M3 pipe 95% due to leakage current to the A point.
5. one of duty according to claim 2: glow phase; It is characterized in that: when LED control signal and scan control signal 3 become high level from low level, when scan control signal 1 and scan control signal 2 became low level, pixel-driving circuit was in glow phase; When LED control signal became low level from high level, pixel-driving circuit withdrawed from glow phase; Brightness control signal is adjusted its magnitude of voltage according to luminous situation, and the magnitude of voltage of brightness control signal is larger, and the brightness of Organic Light Emitting Diode is higher; M1 and M2 are in cut-off state; The maximum duration that pixel-driving circuit is in discharge regime be LED control signal from low level becomes high level, the time when becoming high level because leakage current is discharged into LED control signal from low level to the A point till 95% of this point voltage value the time.
6. the pixel-matrix circuit that forms based on the described pixel-driving circuit of claim 1 is characterized in that: VDD, GND share for each pixel, as utility power; Scan control signal 1 and scan control signal 2 are also shared for each pixel, before brightness control signal adds, can complete the extraction of the threshold voltage of driving tube in all pixel-driving circuits like this; And brightness control signal and scan control signal 3 are the row shared cell, and such method of attachment has reduced the time that data write; LED control signal is own for each pixel-driving circuit, controls the whether luminous of OLED.
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Cited By (4)
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CN104658470A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 上海和辉光电有限公司 | Oled pixel circuit |
WO2015176425A1 (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Pixel drive circuit, display device, and pixel drive method |
US9653022B2 (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2017-05-16 | Shanghai Tianma AM-OLED Co., Ltd. | Pixel circuit of organic light-emitting display and method of driving the same, and organic light-emitting display |
CN109087680A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-25 | 南京观海微电子有限公司 | A bit memory circuit for amoled plate sub-pixel |
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Application publication date: 20130605 |