CN102951806A - Convex vacuum glass welded by glass solders in microwave manner and subjected to edge sealing by strip frames, and manufacturing method of glass - Google Patents
Convex vacuum glass welded by glass solders in microwave manner and subjected to edge sealing by strip frames, and manufacturing method of glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN102951806A CN102951806A CN2012103740193A CN201210374019A CN102951806A CN 102951806 A CN102951806 A CN 102951806A CN 2012103740193 A CN2012103740193 A CN 2012103740193A CN 201210374019 A CN201210374019 A CN 201210374019A CN 102951806 A CN102951806 A CN 102951806A
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Abstract
The invention discloses vacuum glass. The vacuum glass is characterized in that upper glass and lower glass are convex; the peripheries of the upper and lower glass are provided with edge sealing strip frames; and the upper and lower glass are welded together by low-temperature glass solders in a microwave oven, so that the vacuum glass is simpler and more convenient to manufacture, and a sealing effect is ensured by the embedding combination of the upper and lower edge sealing strip frames. A manufacturing method of the vacuum glass provided by the invention is simple in process, low in cost and high in production efficiency, can ensure reliable sealing connection and the good sealing effect, can be used for manufacturing vacuum glass without extraction openings in mass by virtue of a one-step method, and can be used for manufacturing common vacuum glass and tempered vacuum glass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing and manufacturing of vacuum glass, making method of especially a kind of vacuum glass and products thereof.
Background technology
Vacuum glass is a kind of novel energy-conserving, environmentfriendly products, can be widely used in the industrial or agricultural fields such as building window, glass curtain wall, solar product, agricultural greenhouse, refrigerator and refrigerator and the resident's daily living article, be good heat insulation, sound insulation and finishing material.In the making processes of vacuum glass, the structure of edge sealing-in and technology be guarantee that circumference of vacuum glass is indeformable, do not produce the stress that exceeds standard, air tight and keep the gordian technique of toughened glass characteristic.During patent CN94192667.2 " makes the method for vacuum glazing ", edge packing structure is designed to that upper glass is slightly less than lower-glass in two blocks of glass, the low melting glass scolder places on the edge step of two glass formation, glass solder after the fusing is because capillarity flows into two glass gaps, the method is the present edge sealing technology of the most representative and tool practicality, but has the shortcoming that the scolder consumption is large, the edge is uneven, stress is larger; Among patent CN95108228.0 " vacuum flat glass and manufacture method thereof " and the CN96208977.X " vacuum flat glass ", adopt in advance " chamfering " processing of glass plate edge, scolder is placed in the chamfering groove, and the method exists the large and low melting glass scolder of cloth difficulty adding when heat-sealable the easily deficiency of loss; Patent CN02256440.3 " edge packing structure of vacuum glass " is that periphery is put the loss that helps strip of paper used for sealing to stop scolder liquid on lower sheet glass, although the method has solved the problem of the outside loss of scolder liquid, but complex process, help strip of paper used for sealing to take larger space, can not solve the problem that scolder liquid flows to inside glass; The edge bonding method of the vacuum glass that patent CN200620070302.7 " Whole transparent vacuum glass " proposes is to make with glass or make edge band through surface treatment at glass edge, and its shortcoming is that not only cost of manufacture is high nor can limit solder and flow to inside glass for edge band; Patent CN200920314752.X " edge sealing structure of vacuum glass " is that upper sheet glass and/or the substrate glass between upper sheet glass and substrate glass edge is shaped with the geometric form packing groove, although can improve lock packing tack between the sheet glass on substrate glass reaches, but the packing groove of upper lower-glass is difficult to fill up simultaneously lock packing, nor can limit arbitrarily flowing of lock packing; Patent CN201010228110.5 " a kind of method for sealing edge of vacuum glass " puts the glass welding material at vacuum glass raw sheet periphery, the interior impervious barrier that one deck is made of powdery or fibrous material is set in the inboard of glass welding material, it is inner that restriction glass solder liquid flows into vacuum glass, compared with prior art, the method only is to have limited glass solder liquid to flow into vacuum glass inside, fails to overcome other shortcomings.To sum up the main weak point of existing edge bonding method is: the one, and structure and complex process are not suitable for mechanize, automatization and mass production; The 2nd, the difficulty of bleeding in the edge sealing process, need at the bleeding point that arranges on glass, be not suitable for directly bleeding from the limit section of glass.
Existing vacuum glass generally adopts first high temperature edge sealing, vacuumizes, seals at last the multistep production technique of bleeding point, and vacuumizes, seals bleeding point and be mostly that monolithic carries out.
The edge sealing of existing vacuum glass generally is to utilize the mode of conventional heating by solder two blocks of glass to be welded together in vacuum edge sealing stove, the shortcoming of conventional heating be heat-up time long, heat-up rate slow, cooling rate is slower, energy consumption is high, heating uniformity is poor, when especially under vacuum state, making the Low-E vacuum glass, owing to do not had transmission of heat by convection, Low-E film seriously to restrict again radiative transfer, so its shortcoming is more outstanding.
Existing vacuum glass generally is flat glass, and upholder is arranged in the vacuum layer, and upholder not only affects vision, and affects heat insulation and sound-proofing properties; In addition, the glass at upholder place bears very large stress, causes easily breaking of glass.
Summary of the invention
Problem for the prior art existence, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vacuum glass and preparation method thereof, not only manufacture craft is simple, cost is low for the method, production efficiency is high, and sealing-in is reliable, good sealing effect, utilize the method can single stage method, preparation in enormous quantities do not have the Novel vacuum glass of bleeding point, the method not only can be made conventional vacuum glass, is particularly suitable for making toughened vacuum glass.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of vacuum glass, it comprises upper glass, lower-glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass are convex glasses, described upper glass and described lower-glass have at least one to be coated glass, the periphery of the face of weld of described upper glass and described lower-glass has the edge band frame, the periphery of described upper glass and described lower-glass utilizes microwave joining to be in the same place by solder, described solder is low temperature glass solder, forms the vacuum layer of a sealing between described upper glass and the described lower-glass.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of making method of vacuum glass, it comprises:
The first step according to the shape of the vacuum glass of required making and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, has at least one to be coated glass, and carries out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, cleans, drying treatment;
Second step, the face of weld of the glass after two processing utilize cryogenic glass powder printing or spraying preparation edge band frame, and after guaranteeing upper and lower glass alignment, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass; Then the glass after two processing is packed into mould, be placed in the bending furnace, be warming up to 550～750 ℃ of the softening temperature of glass, rely on gravity or the externally applied forces of glass self to make glass form convex surface downwards, and be down to room temperature with stove;
The 3rd step, the solder of packing between the edge band frame of the glass that second step is obtained, and described two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, leave bleed-off passage between two glass, then send in the microwave oven;
The 4th step vacuumized and heating operation described microwave oven, was evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, was warming up to more than the melt temperature of solder; If microwave oven has auxiliary heating system, then be heated to a basal temperature by auxiliary heating system first after, restart microwave heating; Reach the edge sealing temperature, solder is fused into liquid, and under the effect of glass self gravitation, upper and lower edge band frame is entrenched togather mutually; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, the fire door of opening microwave oven obtains required vacuum glass.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of toughened vacuum glass, it comprises upper glass, lower-glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass are convex glasses, and have at least one to be tempering or semi-tempered glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass have at least one to be coated glass, the periphery of the face of weld of described upper glass and described lower-glass has the edge band frame, the periphery of described upper glass and described lower-glass utilizes microwave joining to be in the same place by solder, described solder is low temperature glass solder, forms the vacuum layer of a sealing between described upper glass and the described lower-glass.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of making method of toughened vacuum glass, it comprises:
The first step according to the shape of the vacuum glass of required making and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, has at least one to be coated glass, and carries out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, cleans, drying treatment;
Second step, the face of weld of the glass after two processing utilize cryogenic glass powder printing or spraying preparation edge band frame, and after guaranteeing upper and lower glass alignment, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass; Then the glass after two processing is packed into mould, be placed in the annealing furnace, be warming up to 550～750 ℃ of the softening temperature of glass, rely on gravity or the externally applied forces of glass self to make glass form convex surface downwards, and carry out immediately tempering and process;
The 3rd step, the solder of packing between the edge band frame of the glass that second step is obtained, and described two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, leave bleed-off passage between two glass, then send in the microwave oven;
The 4th step vacuumized and heating operation described microwave oven, was evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, was warming up to more than the melt temperature of solder; If microwave oven has auxiliary heating system, then be heated to a basal temperature by auxiliary heating system first after, restart microwave heating; Reach the edge sealing temperature, solder is fused into liquid, and under the effect of glass self gravitation, upper and lower edge band frame is entrenched togather mutually; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, the fire door of opening microwave oven obtains required vacuum glass.
Wherein:
Described vacuum glass can also comprise an intermediate glass, and described intermediate glass is clipped between described upper glass and the described lower-glass, and described upper glass and described lower-glass form respectively the vacuum layer of two sealings with described intermediate glass.
The convex surface bow height of described convex glass is not less than 0.1mm, is preferably 0.1 ~ 200mm.
The convex surface bow height of upper and lower two blocks of convex glasses of described vacuum glass is preferably 0.1～200mm, and more preferably 1～20mm is advisable not protrude from outside the sash during as windowpane.
Described upper and lower glass can have identical bow height, also can have according to actual needs different bows high.
Described convex glass is to utilize mould to be made by sheet glass by the gravity of glass self or the pressure that adds in bending furnace or annealing furnace.
The convex surface bow of described convex glass high shape and size and purposes decision by glass, under the prerequisite that satisfies opposing normal atmosphere and purposes, bow is high as small as possible, be advisable with 3 ~ 9mm when being used for the common door window glass, the space that 6 ~ 18mm is namely arranged between two blocks of glass, be equivalent to existing double glazing, under atmospheric pressure almost plane is best, to obtain preferably visual effect and to reduce the cost of described vacuum glass and the space that takies.
Because tempering and semi-tempered glass have higher intensity, so under identical shape and size, the convex surface of tempering or half tempered convex glass bow height can be less, tempering or half tempered convex glass can be more flat.Owing to utilize forming mould with upper and lower mould, glass clamp is relied on the moulding of exerting pressure between upper and lower mould, so convex glass has more regular shape, and prevent distortion in toughening process, so edge sealing is simpler, sealing property and intensity are also higher.
In the described vacuum layer, when high large, the convex shape that can rely on glass self of less or convex surface bow and intensity opposing normal atmosphere, can not establish upholder when the planar dimension of upper and lower glass; When upper and lower glass can not rely on the convex shape of self and during intensity opposing normal atmosphere, the upholder of a small amount of necessity should be set, upholder is resisted normal atmosphere jointly with glass.
Do not had stopping of upholder, transparency and the visibility of convex surface vacuum glass are better; Do not had the conduction of upholder, the heat insulation and sound-proofing properties of convex surface vacuum glass is better.
Above support is made by low temperature glass, metal, pottery, glass or plastics, preferred printing cryogenic glass powder or the low temperature glass solder of adopting prepares, the temperature of fusion of described cryogenic glass powder is 550 ~ 750 ℃, and the temperature of fusion of described low temperature glass solder is 350 ~ 550 ℃.
Above support be printed on one on glass, or be printed on two on glass, conventional vacuum glass preferably be printed on one on glass, toughened vacuum glass preferably be printed on two on glass.
Above support is column, or is strip; When upholder is printed on one when on glass, be preferably cylindric; When upholder is printed on two when on glass simultaneously, be preferably strip, and vertical pile.
Above support can be that minimum unit is the dot matrix arrangement of equilateral triangle, and the leg-of-mutton length of side is about 30～300mm, is preferably 50～150mm; When upholder is strip, its length is 0.3～5.0 mm, be preferably 0.5～2.0 mm, width is 0.1～2.0mm, be preferably 0.2～1.0mm, be 0.1～10.0mm highly, be preferably 0.2～3.0mm, the height of upholder can be higher than the edge band frame height 0～2.0mm, be preferably 0.1～0.5mm; When upholder is cylindric, its diameter is 0.1～3.0mm, be preferably 0.3～2.0mm, be 0.1～5.0 mm highly, be preferably 0.2～3.0mm, two blocks of glass closed sheet rear support thing position spatial altitude 0～0.3 mm, are preferably 0.1～0.2mm about the height of upholder can be higher than.
When described upper and lower glass all has the strip upholder, the upholder vertical pile supports, upholder is in the molten sintering process, the top becomes circle, the bottom broadens, and the top of upper lower-glass by upholder still is the some contact when connecting, and contacts for line or face between upholder and the glass, increased contact area, reduced the tension stress of glass in support place, thus the quantity of upholder can be reduced, thus further improve the transparency of glass, heat insulation and sound-proofing properties.
Described mode of printing comprises the modes such as mould printing, silk screen printing and printer printing; Described mode of printing comprises hardboard (net) printing and soft board (net) printing, and described hardboard (net) mainly is plate, the net that metallic substance is made, and described soft board (net) mainly is plate, the net that organic materials is made.
When above support is printed before glass tempering or before the curing of edge band frame, preferably adopt soft board (net) to print; Above support preferably adopts hardboard (net) to print behind glass tempering or edge band frame when printing after solidifying, and hardboard (net) printing can make the top of upholder be on the plane, brings impact on the glass planeness to eliminate the glass tempering distortion; When above support was printed before glass tempering or before the curing of edge band frame, preferred cryogenic glass powder was made; When upholder was printed behind glass tempering or after the curing of edge band frame, preferred low temperature glass solder was made.
When above support is printed before glass tempering or before the curing of edge band frame, preferably carrying out mechanical workout behind the tempering or after the curing of edge band frame, such as turning, grinding, polishing or laser sculpture etc., make the top of upholder be on the plane or make its shape size uniform, bring impact on glass planeness or shape to eliminate the glass tempering distortion.
The periphery of described upper glass face of weld has an edge band frame at least, and the periphery of described lower-glass face of weld has two edge band frames at least.
Described edge band frame is made by printing or the mode such as spraying, preferably adopts the silk screen printing cryogenic glass powder to make, and it is 550 ~ 750 ℃ glass glaze that described cryogenic glass powder is preferably commercially available melt temperature; When described edge band frame prepares, can be once to finish, also can be repeatedly to finish.
It is absorbing material that described cryogenic glass powder contains the strong material of wave-sucking performance, and described absorbing material comprises Graphite Powder 99, SiC powder, BaO powder and metal powder etc.
Described mode of printing is to adopt silk screen printing or the methods such as mould printing or printer, and cryogenic glass powder is imprinted on the fin that formation on glass is raised in glass surface.
The height of described edge band frame is preferably 0.1～10mm, 0.5～2mm more preferably, and width is preferably 0.2～5mm, more preferably 1～2mm.
Can leave several aspirating holes on the described edge band frame, namely perpendicular to the edge band frame and along the equally distributed groove of edge band frame or slit, quantity determines that by the girth of upper and lower glass the about 50～500mm of spacing is advisable, and can seal described aspirating hole after described solder fusing; Also can not stay aspirating hole, the formed space, rough surface of the solder that utilization applies or the hole of Powdered solder can shorten the time that vacuumizes as the passage that vacuumizes but leave aspirating hole.
The edge band frame of described lower-glass is Duoed one than the edge band frame of described upper glass, be that described upper glass contains an edge band frame at least, described lower-glass contains two edge band frames at least, the edge band frame of described upper glass is inserted in the edge band frame of described lower-glass, the edge band frame of described upper and lower glass is entrenched togather mutually, and vacuum layer is carried out labyrinth seal; Described edge band frame when the upper surface of the intermediate glass of the vacuum glass with two vacuum layer, identical with described lower-glass, when the lower surface of described intermediate glass, identical with described upper glass.
Described solder is low temperature glass solder, and the sealing temperature scope of described low temperature glass solder is 350～550 ℃, is preferably 380～450 ℃.
It is absorbing material that described low temperature glass solder contains the strong material of wave-sucking performance, and described absorbing material comprises Graphite Powder 99, SiC powder, BaO powder and metal powder etc.
Described upper glass, the material of lower-glass and intermediate glass is simple glass, or toughened glass, or semi-tempered glass, or low emissivity glass, or chilled glass (comprising physical strengthening and chemical enhanced), or heat-reflecting glass, or wire glass, or rolled glass, or hot melt glass, or the combination of above any two or three kinds of glass, more preferably tempering or semi-tempered glass, chilled glass and low emissivity glass further are preferably the combination of tempering or semi-tempered glass and low radiation tempering or semi-tempered glass, the combination of tempering or semi-tempered glass and low radiation chilled glass, the combination of tempering or semi-tempered glass and low emissivity glass.
Described coated glass comprises low emissivity glass and heat-reflecting glass etc., and described coated glass has good wave-sucking performance, can directly utilize microwave to carry out heat temperature raising.
Described microwave oven is vacuum glass of a sealing-in at every turn, also can sealing-in polylith vacuum glass, namely realize the mass production of vacuum glass.
Described microwave oven is industrial microwave oven, has vacuum system; When containing the coated glass such as low emissivity glass or heat-reflecting glass when described vacuum glass, can rely on this feature of ability of the good absorption microwave that coated glass and solder have, directly utilize microwave heating to heat up; When not containing the coated glasses such as low emissivity glass or heat-reflecting glass when described vacuum glass, since glass at low temperatures absorbing microwave poor ability and solder has the ability of good absorbing microwave, so in order to reduce the temperature difference that glass bears, to reduce the breakage rate of glass, or in order to improve rate of heating, microwave oven can install auxiliary heating system additional; Auxiliary heating system can adopt the mode of resistive heating such as nichrome wire, electrothermal tube, hot plate etc., or adopts the mode of circulating air heating, or the strong material of low temperature absorption microwave ability is set in burner hearth, such as SiC, graphite etc.; When auxiliary heating system was heated to a basal temperature such as 200 ~ 320 ℃ with the burner hearth of microwave oven, recycling microwave heating was carried out local heating to solder, reaches the purpose that at short notice solder is heated to melting; When containing the coated glasses such as low emissivity glass or heat-reflecting glass when described vacuum glass, described microwave oven adopts the again mode of microwave heating of first boosting, also can further reduce the temperature difference and further rate of heating, the improve production efficiency and product quality of improving that glass bears.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The making method of vacuum glass of the present invention is to utilize edge band frame and solder to utilize the microwave absorbing property of coated glass and solder directly to use microwave heating to finish the making of vacuum glass in microwave oven by printing upholder, vacuum glass upper, the periphery of lower-glass contains the edge band frame, so that the edge sealing of vacuum glass is easier, the mutual chimeric sealing effectiveness of glass under deformation that guaranteed of edge band frame up and down, have the bonding strength higher than solder between edge band frame and the upper lower-glass, sealing surface area and airtight layer thickness between the upper lower-glass have been increased, solved the uneven problem of sealing of existing edge of vacuum glass, sticking power and the adhesion strength of sealing-in have greatly been strengthened, on having increased, the tightness of vacuum layer between the lower-glass, improved the life-span of vacuum glass, and can save and make and the great bleeding point of sealing difficulty, realized that the single stage method mass prepares vacuum glass and toughened vacuum glass.
The introducing of edge band frame not only can limit solder and dissolve rear random flowing, make edge sealing neatly good-looking, and play good supporting role, make solder keep certain thickness, the reinforced seal effect, can provide height space for the upholder of low temperature glass solder preparation, prevent that upholder is crushed, can also eliminate the impact that the glass tempering distortion causes planeness, the more important thing is that its Heating temperature is high, with upper lower-glass more reliable bonding is arranged, surface irregularity, have more firmly with solder and to be combined, thereby improve resistance to air loss and the reliability of vacuum glass.
Make the solder that its melt temperature of cryogenic glass powder of edge band frame is used far above edge sealing, not only low price, performance are good, and with glass better bonding strength are arranged; After the edge band frame of upper lower-glass is mutually chimeric, not only reduced the edge sealing solder consumption, reduced the requirement to the edge sealing solder, and increased air retaining wall thickness, improved the sealing strength of upper lower-glass, the more important thing is to solve the sealing problem that the buckling deformation that produces because of glass brings in toughening process, thereby improve the qualification rate of product.
The advantage of microwave heating is that rate of heating is fast, cooling rate is fast, several times or tens times of conventional heating, can selectivity and inside and outside while homogeneous heating solder, the sintering temperature that solder and glassy phase weight/power ratio are minimum, microwave heating can reduce again solder, so energy consumption is low, thus microwave heating have energy-conservation, save time, high-quality, efficient advantage; Microwave heating can promote the diffusion of molecule, so microwave heating can reduce sintering temperature or welding temperature, more is conducive to the welding of tempering or semi-tempered glass; Microwave heating can make the temperature of bulk glass be lower than the temperature of solder, can effectively prevent the annealing of toughened glass in the edge sealing process, so can direct production tempering or half tempered vacuum glass; In addition, microwave heating can also promote polar gas molecule such as the H that glass surface adsorbs
2O, CO
2With the desorb of CO etc., thus the work-ing life of further improving the vacuum tightness of vacuum glass and performance, prolongation vacuum glass.
The mode of employing automatic edge sealing in microwave oven, save and make and very large bleeding point and the extraction pipe of sealing difficulty, simplify technological process, lowered production cost, shortened the production cycle, improved production efficiency, realized vacuum glass especially single stage method, the mass production of tempering or half tempered vacuum glass.
Vacuum glass prepared by this method and tempering or half tempered vacuum glass, good seal performance not only, and can suitability for industrialized production, the productivity of vacuum glass and greatly raising of qualification rate, production cost and selling price are significantly reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is convex surface vacuum glass structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the convex surface vacuum glass structural representation with single upholder of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the convex surface vacuum glass structural representation with dual-gripper thing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the convex surface vacuum glass structural representation of of the present invention pair of vacuum layer.
Among the figure: 1. upper glass, 2. lower-glass, 3. solder, 4. edge band frame, 5. upholder, 6. intermediate glass.
Embodiment
Below adopt embodiment and accompanying drawing to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, how the utilisation technology means solve technical problem to the present invention whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can fully understand and implements according to this.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1, vacuum glass is comprised of two blocks of glass up and down, wherein one is low emissivity glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and one flat plate glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, utilize printing technology that cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to the edge band frame at upper glass, utilize the cryogenic glass powder cream that polyester net will contain absorbing material to be printed to edge band frame and upholder at lower-glass, wherein upper glass has two edge band frames, lower-glass has three edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between lower-glass edge band frame, after upper lower-glass closed sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass; Secondly two blocks of glass are packed into mould, be placed in the bending furnace, be warming up to softening temperature 550-750 ℃ of glass, rely on the gravity of glass self to make glass form convex surface downwards, and be down to room temperature or be chilled to room temperature with stove, it is strengthened; If edge band frame shape in sintering process changes, can make it smooth by mode such as turning, the grinding etc. of mechanical workout; Again be coated with the low temperature glass solder that completely contains absorbing material between the edge band frame with lower-glass, two glass consistencies from top to bottom be stacked together, and leave bleed-off passage, send in the microwave oven; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, start microwave heating, slowly be warming up to by low emissivity glass and solder absorbing microwave more than the melt temperature of low temperature glass solder as 400 ℃, the low temperature glass solder melting, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds under action of gravitation between the edge band frame of lower-glass, melting with two glass cementations of low temperature glass solder together; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, low temperature glass solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, opens fire door and obtains required vacuum glass.
The introducing of edge band frame not only can limit solder and dissolve and randomly flow, make edge sealing neatly good-looking afterwards, and play good supporting role, make solder keep certain thickness, reinforced seal effect, the more important thing is that its Heating temperature is high, with upper lower-glass more reliable bonding is arranged, surface irregularity, have more firmly with solder and to be combined, thereby improve resistance to air loss and the reliability of vacuum glass.In addition, the edge band frame also is the key that single stage method prepares vacuum glass.
Sintering rear support thing is carried out mechanical workout can solve not of uniform size, the problem that impact is attractive in appearance that upholder causes because of the variation of volume and shape in the sintering curing process; Utilize the characteristic of low-radiation film and solder absorbing microwave, directly use microwave oven that vacuum glass is heated and microwave joining.
Embodiment 2: referring to Fig. 2, one is low emissivity glass in two blocks of glass of vacuum glass, another piece is toughened glass or semi-tempered glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and one flat plate glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, two printing technologies of utilizing on glass cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to the edge band frame, wherein upper glass has an edge band frame, lower-glass has two edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between two edge band frames of lower-glass, after upper lower-glass closed sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between two edge band frames of lower-glass; Secondly upper glass is packed into mould, be placed in the bending furnace, be warming up to temperature 550-750 ℃ that glass softens, rely on the gravity of glass self to make glass form convex surface downwards, and be down to room temperature or be chilled to room temperature with stove and make it strengthen, obtain having the upper glass of edge band frame; With lower-glass pack into mould, send in the annealing furnace, high temperature action lower-glass 650 ~ 750 ℃ of annealing furnaces is softening, the pressure that dependence is applied on the mold makes glass rely on upper/lower die to form convex surface downwards, carries out immediately wind-cooling reinforcing, obtains tempering or semi-tempered glass; Adopt low temperature glass solder to utilize the woven wire of tensioning or expanded metal lath to print upholder at upper or lower-glass, make the top of upholder in one plane, to eliminate glass deformation to the impact of planeness, upholder is the circular or oval dot matrix arrangement that adapts with convex surface, can prepare several times, to adapt to the spatial variations of convex surface; Upholder is cylindric, and its height is a little more than the height of vacuum layer of living in; The low temperature glass solder of again packing between two edge band frames with lower-glass, and two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, reserve bleed-off passage, to send in the microwave oven, microwave oven has auxiliary heating system, and auxiliary heating system adopts far infra-red heater; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, after utilizing first the auxiliary heating system far infra-red heater that the basal temperature of burner hearth is risen to 300 ℃, be evacuated to again below the 0.1Pa, recycling microwave heating is with more than the temperature local heating to 380 at edge band frame place ℃, reach the melt temperature of low temperature glass solder, low temperature glass solder is fused into liquid, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds under action of gravitation between two edge band frames of lower-glass, the low temperature glass solder of melting with two glass cementations together, the simultaneously softening or melting of upholder and glass cementation is together up and down; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, low temperature glass solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, upholder also is integral with glass sintering up and down, opens fire door and obtains required vacuum glass.
Make the solder that its melt temperature of cryogenic glass powder of edge band frame is used far above edge sealing, not only low price, performance are good, and with glass better bonding strength are arranged; After the edge band frame of upper lower-glass is mutually chimeric, not only reduced the edge sealing solder consumption, reduced the requirement to the edge sealing solder, and increased air retaining wall thickness, improved the sealing strength of upper lower-glass, the more important thing is to solve the sealing problem that the buckling deformation that produces because of glass brings in toughening process, thereby improve the qualification rate of product.
Because microwave oven has microwave heating system and auxiliary heating system, the temperature of glass edge is rapidly heated to welding temperature, and tempering or semi-tempered glass are under lower basal temperature, in the long period and higher local temperature, in short time phenomenon can not occur significantly to anneal, so can guarantee to obtain tempering or half tempered vacuum glass.
Utilize hard net (plate) to print upholder, toughened glass that can the Automatic Levelling distortion guarantees the reliability that supports; Use low temperature glass solder to make upholder, in the edge sealing process, can soften, solidify, utilize its slightly high height, guarantee upper lower-glass is connected as a single entity, lower-glass is effectively supported.
Embodiment 3: referring to Fig. 3, two blocks of glass of vacuum glass are toughened glass or semi-tempered glass, wherein one or low emissivity glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and one flat plate glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, at two nylon mesh that utilize on glass cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to edge band frame and upholder, wherein upper glass has an edge band frame, lower-glass has two edge band frames, the size of upper glass edge band frame is between two edge band frames of lower-glass, after upper lower-glass closed sheet, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between two edge band frames of lower-glass; Secondly two blocks of glass are respectively charged in two forming moulds, this forming mould has mold and bed die, and glass clamp and can be exerted pressure and makes upper and lower mould closed between mold and bed die, thereby makes glass form convex surface; The forming mould that glass is housed is placed in the annealing furnace, is warming up to the softening temperature of glass, rely on the pressure that puts on the forming mould to make the glass in the forming mould form convex surface, remove immediately the mold cold tempering of sector-style of going forward side by side, obtain tempering or semi-tempered glass; Utilize the woven wire of tensioning or expanded metal lath to print upholder at employing low temperature glass solder on glass up and down, make the top of upholder in one plane, to eliminate glass deformation to the impact of planeness, upholder is that minimum unit is the dot matrix arrangement of equilateral triangle, upholder is strip, the upholder of upper lower-glass is orthogonal, and it is crosswise shape that upper lower-glass closes sheet rear support thing overlapping; Again fill the low temperature glass solder that contains absorbing material between two edge band frames with lower-glass, and two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together and leave certain space of bleeding, send in the microwave oven; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, the melt temperature that is warming up to low temperature glass solder is above such as 380 ℃, low temperature glass solder will melt, the edge band frame of upper glass embeds between the edge band frame of lower-glass under action of gravitation, the low temperature glass solder of melting with two glass cementations together, the upholder of upper lower-glass is in contact with one another, overlappingly be crosswise shape; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, low temperature glass solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, opens fire door and obtains required vacuum glass.
Upper lower-glass all has the strip upholder, the upholder vertical pile supports, upper lower-glass still is the some contact by upholder, and contact for line or face between upholder and the glass, increased contact area, reduced the tension stress of glass in support place, thus the quantity of upholder can be reduced, thus further improve the transparency of glass, heat insulation and sound-proofing properties; By upholder is carried out mechanical workout, eliminated the impact of glass tempering distortion, its top is in the same plane, guaranteed the reliability that supports.
Adopt the double layer support thing not only can make upholder that larger mechanical workout space is arranged, and can be simultaneously the planeness of two blocks of glass be up and down proofreaied and correct, more be conducive to obtain high planeness, make lower-glass obtain more reliable support.
Embodiment 4: referring to Fig. 4, the upper lower-glass of vacuum glass is toughened glass or semi-tempered glass, intermediate glass is low emissivity glass, its making method is as follows: at first according to the shape of made vacuum glass and two blocks of sheet glass and low emissivity glass of size cutting desired size, carry out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, clean, after the drying, bonding surface at three blocks of glass utilizes printing technology that cryogenic glass powder cream is printed to the edge band frame, at the upholder of printing simultaneously on glass up and down, wherein upper glass has an edge band frame, the upper surface of intermediate glass has two edge band frame lower surfaces that an edge band frame is arranged, lower-glass has two edge band frames, the size of top edge band frame is between two following edge band frames, after upper, middle and lower glass closed sheet, top edge band frame can be embedded between two following edge band frames; Secondly two blocks of glass are respectively charged in two forming moulds up and down, glass clamp is between mold and bed die, the forming mould that glass is housed is placed in the annealing furnace, be warming up to the softening temperature of glass, the pressure that dependence puts on the forming mould makes the glass in the forming mould form convex surface, remove immediately the mold cold tempering of sector-style of going forward side by side, obtain tempering or semi-tempered glass; Intermediate glass directly advances High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, with edge band frame sintering on intermediate glass; Again first the edge band frame of upper lower-glass is carried out mechanical workout, tentatively reduce the glass deformation that invar causes and the difference of altitude that causes, with expanded metal lath low temperature glass solder is printed on the edge band frame after machined again, make the top end of edge band frame in one plane, thoroughly eliminate glass deformation that invar causes to the impact of planeness; The low temperature glass solder of evenly packing between two edge band frames with intermediate glass and lower-glass, and three glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, keep certain bleed-off passage, send in the microwave oven, microwave oven has auxiliary heating system, and auxiliary heating body is electrothermal tube; Vacuumize at last and heating operation, after utilizing first boosting that the basal temperature of burner hearth is risen to 300 ℃, be evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, recycling microwave heating is heated to the temperature at edge band frame place more than the melt temperature of low temperature glass solder as 430 ℃, between two edge band frames below top edge band frame embeds under action of gravitation, the low temperature glass solder of melting with three glass cementations together, the low temperature glass solder on upholder top is integrated upholder and upper, middle and lower glassy bond; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, low temperature glass solder hermetic welds together three blocks of glass, upholder and upper, middle and lower vitrification are integrated, and open fire door and obtain required vacuum glass.
Upholder behind the tempering is carried out after the mechanical workout can solving well the larger problem of toughened glass distortion again with hard wire mark upholder processed.
This intellecture property of primary enforcement that all are above-mentioned is not set restriction this product innovation of other forms of enforcement and/or novel method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on product innovation of the present invention.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment does, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. vacuum glass, it is characterized in that comprising upper glass, lower-glass, described upper glass and described lower-glass are convex glasses, described upper glass and described lower-glass have at least one to be coated glass, the periphery of the face of weld of described upper glass and described lower-glass has the edge band frame, the periphery of described upper glass and described lower-glass utilizes microwave joining to be in the same place by solder, described solder is low temperature glass solder, forms the vacuum layer of a sealing between described upper glass and the described lower-glass.
2. vacuum glass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vacuum glass also comprises an intermediate glass, described intermediate glass is clipped between described upper glass and the described lower-glass, and described upper glass and described lower-glass form respectively the vacuum layer of two sealings with described intermediate glass.
3. vacuum glass according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described upper glass and described lower-glass or/and described intermediate glass has at least one to be tempering or semi-tempered glass.
4. vacuum glass according to claim 3 is characterized in that above support makes before glass tempering or behind the glass tempering.
5. vacuum glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that described edge band frame or/and upholder carries out mechanical workout after curing.
6. vacuum glass according to claim 1 is characterized in that the periphery of described upper glass face of weld has an edge band frame at least, and the periphery of described lower-glass face of weld has two edge band frames at least.
7. according to claim 1 to 6 each described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described edge band frame or/and upholder uses soft net or hard net to make.
8. according to claim 1 to 7 each described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described edge band frame is by printing or the preparation of spraying cryogenic glass powder.
9. according to claim 1 to 8 each described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described solder contains absorbing material.
10. the making method of a vacuum glass, it comprises:
The first step according to the shape of the vacuum glass of required making and two blocks of sheet glass of size cutting desired size, has at least one to be coated glass, and carries out edging, chamfering, membrane removal, cleans, drying treatment;
Second step, the face of weld of the glass after two processing utilize cryogenic glass powder printing or spraying preparation edge band frame, and after guaranteeing upper and lower glass alignment, the edge band frame of upper glass can be embedded between the edge band frame of lower-glass; Then the glass after two processing is packed into mould, be placed in bending furnace or the annealing furnace, be warming up to 550～750 ℃ of the softening temperature of glass, rely on gravity or the externally applied forces of glass self to make glass form convex surface downwards, and be down to immediately room temperature or carry out the tempering processing;
The 3rd step, the solder of packing between the edge band frame of the glass that second step is obtained, and described two glass consistencies from top to bottom are stacked together, leave bleed-off passage between two glass, then send in the microwave oven;
The 4th step vacuumized and heating operation described microwave oven, was evacuated to below the 0.1Pa, was warming up to more than the melt temperature of solder; If microwave oven has auxiliary heating system, then be heated to a basal temperature by auxiliary heating system first after, restart microwave heating; Reach the edge sealing temperature, solder is fused into liquid, and under the effect of glass self gravitation, the edge band frame is entrenched togather mutually up and down; Stopped heating, with stove cooling, solder hermetic welds together two blocks of glass, the fire door of opening microwave oven obtains required vacuum glass.
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| CN2012103740193A CN102951806A (en) | 2012-10-06 | 2012-10-06 | Convex vacuum glass welded by glass solders in microwave manner and subjected to edge sealing by strip frames, and manufacturing method of glass |
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| CN103420578A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-04 | 戴长虹 | Vacuum glass with edges and extraction opening both sealed with sealing strips as well as preparation method of vacuum glass |
| CN104291560A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 戴长虹 | Microwave-heated convex vacuum glass edge-sealed and port-sealed by using sealing strips, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104291629A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 戴长虹 | Glass solder and microwave-welded convex toughened vacuum glass with edges being sealed by strip borders |
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| CN104291560A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 戴长虹 | Microwave-heated convex vacuum glass edge-sealed and port-sealed by using sealing strips, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104291629A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 戴长虹 | Glass solder and microwave-welded convex toughened vacuum glass with edges being sealed by strip borders |
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| CN104291564A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 戴长虹 | Microwave-heated convex dual-vacuum-layer glass with edges and openings being sealed by sealing strips and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104291565A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 戴长虹 | Microwave-heated convex vacuum glass edge-sealed and port-sealed by using sealing strips and sealing grooves, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104291650A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-21 | 戴长虹 | Microwave-heated convex double-vacuum-layer glass edge-sealed and opening-sealed with sealing bar and sealing groove |
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