CN102050585A - Low-cost toughened vacuum glass and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost toughened vacuum glass and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102050585A CN102050585A CN2009101883472A CN200910188347A CN102050585A CN 102050585 A CN102050585 A CN 102050585A CN 2009101883472 A CN2009101883472 A CN 2009101883472A CN 200910188347 A CN200910188347 A CN 200910188347A CN 102050585 A CN102050585 A CN 102050585A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
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Abstract
The invention provides vacuum glass and a manufacture method thereof, characterized in that micro-salient-point supporting objects melted together with an original glass sheet are used to substitute for a traditional stainless steel supporting object distributing process, a low-temperature metal braze-welding technology without causing the anneal of the original toughened glass sheet is used for sealing edges, and a traditional vacuum-layer vacuumizing process and an edge-sealing process are simplified and integrated into an integrated vacuumizing and edge-sealing process. Compared with traditional vacuum glass and the manufacture method thereof, the vacuum glass and the manufacture method thereof, which are provided by the invention, have simple process, high yield, low equipment investment and production cost, better heat and sound insulation, better appearance and light transmittance, high safety reaching the use standard of high-rise buildings, and the like.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to the energy-saving environment-friendly glass technical field.
Background technology
Vacuum glass is the best transparent peripheral protective material of present energy-saving effect, has in light weight, thin thickness, a series of advantages such as heat transfer coefficient is little, soundproof effect good, wind pressure resistant strength is high, the life-span is long, is the ideal energy saving building material.But still can't reach the desired toughened glass intensity of Highrise buildings because its expensive production cost reaches, be used on a large scale as yet at present.
The above-mentioned shortcoming of existing vacuum glass is caused by its project organization and production technique.The basic structure of existing vacuum glass as shown in Figure 1, promptly separate with small upholder dot matrix between former of two sheet glass, periphery is undertaken sealing after " exhaust " by glass exhaust tube with low melting glass material sealing by fusing, and formation air pressure is lower than 0.1Pa thickness and only is the vacuum layer of 0.1-0.2mm.Therefore the production of vacuum glass must be finished through multiple working procedure, comprising: 1) bleeding point boring, 2) upholder lay, 3) glass braze cloth is coated with, 4) glass closes sheet, 5) high temperature edge sealing/bleeding point soldering, 6) high temperature bleed/seal and 7) the getter deblocking.
It is to cause that existing vacuum glass production efficiency is low, scrap rate is high that above-mentioned upholder lays operation, and then raises the key link of production cost.Existing vacuum glass support be diameter less than 0.5mm, stainless steel disk, annulus or " C " type split ring of height between 0.1-0.2mm will evenly lay 1600 upholders on 1 square metre area.Because the monomer volume is little, it is big to lay quantity, can only use mechanical manipulator or robot to finish and lay, cause equipment investment cost high.Nonetheless, the upholder leakage is put, mistake is put, stack and moving still in subsequent handling often taken place, and causes scrap rate high.
Above-mentioned high temperature edge sealing operation then is to cause existing vacuum glass not reach the major cause of high-rise building safe standard.Standard-required Highrise buildings glass component must use the toughened glass manufacturing.But because the temperature of fusion of existing high temperature edge sealing glass braze is higher than the annealing temperature of toughened glass about 450 ℃, so even adopt former of toughened glass to make vacuum glass, it also can be annealed in edge sealing operation process and be simple glass.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low-cost toughened vacuum glass and manufacture craft thereof that can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention at first provides a kind of glass dimpling point that directly is created on the original sheet glass that utilizes to replace cloth to be placed on the method that miniature stainless steel upholder on the original sheet glass forms vacuum chamber.Because the upholder of having exempted in the vacuum glass manufacture craft lays operation, the equipment investment cost of vacuum glass and cost of manufacture are all declined to a great extent.Simultaneously because of the lower heat-conduction coefficient and the transparency of glass dimpling point upholder, so the thermal insulation of vacuum glass and light transmission also obtain effective lifting.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing calendering technology or printing/sintering technology directly to generate above-mentioned dimpling point upholder on original sheet glass.So upholder and the original sheet glass that generates combines together, and be evenly distributed, the size homogeneous, avoided thoroughly therefore that the upholder leakage is put in the existing vacuum glass manufacture craft, mistake is put, stacked and defective workmanship such as displacement, make product percent of pass significantly promote.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of vacuum layer upholder dot matrix triangular arranged method.Compare with traditional square pitch arrangement method, under the condition that original sheet glass intensity equates, this aligning method can reduce by 42% upholder quantity, therefore can effectively improve the heat insulation and soundproof effect of vacuum glass.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of low-temperature metal soldering tech to be used for the edge sealing of vacuum glass is operated.Therefore the edge sealing temperature can be lowered to below 250 ℃, has avoided the annealing of former of toughened glass effectively, makes vacuum glass reach the standards for safe use of high-rise.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of method of uviolizing of utilizing to come accelerate decomposition to be adsorbed on the macromole gas of glass surface, under low temperature (＜250 ℃) state vacuum glass is carried out the deflated effect thereby improve.
For reaching this purpose, it is a kind of with edge sealing operation and the brief edge sealing one-step technology of bleeding that combines of deairing step that the present invention also provides, and not only simplified technical process and also need not prefabricated bleeding point.This has further reduced the manufacturing cost of vacuum glass, makes its appearance more attractive in appearance and complete again simultaneously.
Compare with existing vacuum glass and manufacturing process thereof, low-cost toughened vacuum glass provided by the present invention and manufacturing process thereof can significantly reduce the equipment investment cost and the production cost of vacuum glass, solved the tempering problem of vacuum glass simultaneously, thereby be the large-scale application of vacuum glass, particularly the large-scale application on Highrise buildings has been established the necessary technology basis.Moreover, compare with existing vacuum glass, the vacuum glass that utilizes this processing method to make also has better heat insulation and soundproof effect, possesses light transmission completely simultaneously.In a word, Technology provided by the present invention can further promote its technico-economical comparison and commercial added value when reducing the vacuum glass production cost significantly.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing vacuum glass.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of vacuum glass provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the vacuum glass support dot matrix is arranged synoptic diagram, a) square pitch arrangement, b) triangular arranged.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the edge sealing vacuum oven of bleeding provided by the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of vacuum glass 100 provided by the present invention.Vacuum glass 100 constitutes along its edge sealed with brazing (130) back after closing sheet by a dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and one flat plate original sheet glass 120, the vacuum layer 140 of Xing Chenging is supported by the dimpling point upholder dot matrix on described dimpling point original sheet glass 110 inner surfaces 111 therebetween, lays the getter 150 that is used to absorb residual gas in the vacuum layer 140.
Dimpling point original sheet glass 110 is that side surface is uniform-distribution with the sheet glass of a dimpling point upholder dot matrix 111 within it.The outline shape of dimpling point can be spherical crown, segment, round platform etc.Its size is enough small, to such an extent as to difficult people with twenty-twenty vision discovers; Diameter is less than 0.5mm usually, highly then is 0.1-0.2mm, and the height of all dimpling points must equate.Dimpling point upholder dot matrix 111 adopts the triangular arranged described in Fig. 3 b, because it can provide minimum upholder density value (the upholder quantity on the unit surface), therefore has optimum heat insulation and sound-proofing properties, the reasons are as follows.
The effect of vacuum layer upholder is that balance is applied to the lip-deep barometric point of vacuum glass, makes vacuum layer not closed under barometric point, and glass is not crushed.This requires the maximum spacing of upholder must be less than a certain threshold value by original sheet glass tensile strength decision, λ
0The tensile strength of original sheet glass is high more, λ
0Be worth big more.At a given strength of glass or a λ
0Under the value, the spread pattern of upholder dot matrix has determined the density of required upholder, and upholder density has determined the heat insulation and sound-proofing properties of vacuum glass, because the propagation of the thermal conduction of vacuum glass and sound is all undertaken by upholder.The density of upholder is more little, and the heat insulation and sound-proofing properties of vacuum glass is just good more.As shown in Figure 3, (Fig. 3 a), λ in square dot matrix is arranged
0Be foursquare catercorner length, corresponding upholder density is ρ
Square=2/ λ
0 2In the equilateral triangle dot matrix is arranged (Fig. 3 b), λ
0Be the length of side of equilateral triangle, corresponding upholder density is ρ
Triangle=2/ (3
1/2λ
0 2).Conclusion is that equilateral triangle dot matrix upholder density only is 58% of square dot matrix upholder density, i.e. ρ
Triangle/ ρ
Square=1/3
1/2≌ 0.58.Therefore the present invention adopts equilateral triangle upholder dot matrix to arrange to replace the square dot matrix that is adopted in the traditional vacuum glass and arranges the heat insulation and sound-proofing properties that can significantly improve vacuum glass 100.
Dimpling point original sheet glass 110 can use the rolling process manufacturing.This method requires to go out the stamp mould of a series of pit as dimpling point according to selected upholder dot matrix Pareto diagram and salient point shape uniform preparation on a stack surface of glass pressing machine.Another method that can be used for making dimpling point original sheet glass 110 is printing sintering processs.This method needs at first by selected upholder dot matrix Pareto diagram the slurry that contains glass powder with low melting point to be printed on the surface of a sheet glass, then this sheet glass is sent into a sintering oven, be heated temperature, the glass dimpling point that the glass powder accumulation body is changed into combine together with this surface of plate glass near the glass powder fusing point.
The present invention uses the glass dimpling point upholder that directly is created on the original sheet glass to replace cloth and is placed on stainless steel upholder on the original sheet glass and prepares vacuum glass and can reduce facility investment significantly, improve product percent of pass, reduce production costs and promote heat insulation, the sound insulation and the light transmission of product.This is because the present invention: 1) need not to invest expensive upholder and lay equipment, " cloth, close, be coated with unit "; 2) thoroughly avoided the leakage of upholder to put, mistake puts, stacks and moving in subsequent handling; 3) having adopted upholder equilateral triangle dot matrix to arrange makes upholder density reduce 42%; 4) thermal conductivity of the thermal conductivity ratio stainless steel upholder of the glass dimpling point upholder of Cai Yonging is little 20 times, and the tool light transmission.
Former 120 of sheet glass can be common white glass, also can be functional glass such as antisolar glass, sunlight feed glass, self-cleaning glass, Low-E (low radiation) glass.
Former 120 of dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and sheet glass can be common annealed glasses, also can be toughened glass.Select for use the latter can significantly improve the security of vacuum glass, make its standards for safe use that meets Highrise buildings, the while is because of the raising of strength of glass, vacuum layer upholder critical gap (λ
0) strengthened, density reduced, and makes the heat insulation and sound-proofing properties of vacuum glass further improve.But select for use the edge sealing operation of toughened glass requirement vacuum glass to carry out being lower than under the annealing temperature of toughened glass (250 ℃).This can finish by means of a kind of low-temperature metal soldering tech provided by the present invention.This technology comprises the steps:
1. at first in the inner surface edge sintering layer of metal film of former 120 of dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and sheet glass.The width of metallic membrane is wanted suitably, but must guarantee after edge sealing is finished to provide enough bonding forces between former 120 of dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and sheet glass.The thickness of metallic membrane is also wanted suitably, must guarantee the continuity of film.The material of metallic membrane will guarantee that its low-temperature metal braze material that can will be used (as, scolding tin) is fully moistening.Metallic membrane must and glass between form firm metallurgical binding.One of embodiment of this step is glass commonly used in the glass surface adnornment industry technology of painting in gold.Because Jinsui River sintering temperature is near the glass tempering temperature, this step can merge with glass tempering technology to be implemented.
2. after finishing above-mentioned preparation step, dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and former 120 of sheet glass are closed sheet, and between its metallic membrane, lay the suitable solder foil band of a thickness, and being heated more than the melting temperature of scolding tin (but being lower than 250 ℃), two original sheet glasses are just by soldering together.
Above-mentioned low-temperature metal soldering tech can be used to strengthen the edge sealing operation of vacuum glass and conventional vacuum glass.But with annealed glass is that former conventional vacuum glass there is no particular requirement to the edge sealing temperature, therefore also can adopt common glass powder with low melting point braze to come edge sealing.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment synoptic diagram of the edge sealing vacuum oven 200 of bleeding provided by the present invention, is made up of body of heater 210, heating member 211, guide rail 212, vacuum pump 220 and other auxiliary part (not shown).
The use edge sealing vacuum oven 200 of bleeding can be bled operation to the high temperature in the existing vacuum glass production technique with the brief edge sealing operation of bleeding that is integrated into of edge sealing operation.Closing dimpling point original sheet glass 110 behind the sheet and former 120 of sheet glass is placed on the guide rail 212 and sends in the stove.Guide rail divides two-layer up and down, can handle two groups of vacuum glass simultaneously.Vacuum tightness in the stove will reach more than the 0.1Pa, and gas between two original sheet glasses in the cavity and the gas that is adsorbed on the original sheet glass are extracted out by vacuum pump 220 together in company with the gas in the stove.The layout of heating member 211 will guarantee that temperature is even in the stove, and can be heated to it to braze (cryogenic glass powder or solder foil band) more than the melting temperature.As use low-temperature metal soldering edge sealing process, and also needing to install additional ultraviolet generator 213, its effect is that accelerate decomposition is adsorbed on macromole gas on the glass surface (as CO
2And H
2O), it can be extracted out fast by vacuum pump 220.If use cryogenic glass powder soldering edge sealing, then need not to use ultraviolet generator, because its higher edge sealing temperature is enough to decompose any gas that adsorbs on the glass surface.Because the heating of vacuum glass and edge sealing all are to carry out under the state of high vacuum, its vacuum layer has also just formed after edge sealing is finished naturally.This has just exempted bleeding point boring and has sealed and series of processes such as getter sealing and deblocking, and production technique is simplified, and production cost is further reduced.Moreover, the release of bleeding point can also improve the integrity and the outward appearance of vacuum glass.
Can use following technical process to produce vacuum glass 100 provided by the present invention:
1. original sheet glass is carried out the cutting edging.
2. be toughened vacuum glass as what produce, generate metallic membrane, and carry out tempering and handle at the edge of original sheet glass inner surface sintering.
3. dimpling is put former 120 of original sheet glass 110 and sheet glass and closed sheet, the edge cloth of side surface is coated with braze (cryogenic glass powder or scolding tin chaff) within it, and in position places getter 150.
4. send into the edge sealing vacuum oven 200 of bleeding, begin to vacuumize (as what produce is toughened vacuum glass, starts ultraviolet generator 213), be warmed up to a certain temperature and the insulation that are lower than the braze softening temperature simultaneously.In this process, the gas in the vacuum layer 140 is taken away by vacuum pump 220 together with the gas in the stove.Treat vacuum tightness rise to 0.1Pa above after, furnace temperature is raised to more than the temperature of fusion of braze, be incubated one section appropriate time after, lower the temperature the removal vacuum.After treating that temperature is reduced to below the braze softening temperature, the blow-on door shifts out vacuum glass outside the stove.
It is emphasized that the specific embodiment that provides above is only for conveniently setting forth the present invention's principle of work.The principle of work that the implementer can use the present invention above-mentioned specific embodiment is carried out diversified modification and details perfect.But all embodiment mutation that so produce all belong to particular embodiment of the present invention, therefore also are comprised in claims of the present invention in the desired interest field.
Claims (11)
1. vacuum glass, behind its edge sealed with brazing, constitute after closing sheet by dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and one flat plate original sheet glass 120, the vacuum layer 140 of Xing Chenging is supported by the dimpling point upholder dot matrix on described dimpling point original sheet glass 110 inner surfaces 111 therebetween, and getter 150 is installed in the vacuum layer.
2. one kind according to claim 1 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described dimpling point original sheet glass 110 is the flat plate printing glass that adopts rolling process to produce, the serial pit that is carved with the shape and size homogeneous on the surface of a stack on the used glass pressing machine and arranges by described dimpling point upholder dot matrix is as the stamp mould of dimpling point.
3. one kind according to claim 1 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that described dimpling point original sheet glass 110 adopts the printing sintering process to make, that is: earlier the cryogenic glass powder slurry is printed onto on the sheet glass by described dimpling point upholder dot matrix Pareto diagram, then this sheet glass is sent into sintering oven, be heated to the glass dimpling point that a certain optimal temperature near the glass powder fusing point makes the glass powder accumulation body be converted into fusing together with surface of plate glass.
4. one kind according to claim 1 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that dimpling point upholder dot matrix on the described dimpling point original sheet glass 110 is by triangular arranged.
5. one kind according to claim 1 described vacuum glass, it is characterized in that former 120 of described dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and sheet glass are toughened glass, adopts the low-temperature metal soldering tech below 250 ℃ it being carried out the edge sealing sealing.
6. one kind according to claim 5 described low-temperature metal soldering techs, comprise the steps:
A. at first inner surface edge sintering one deck width of former 120 of dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and sheet glass suitably, continuously uninterrupted, with glass basis form metallurgical binding, can be by the abundant moistening metallic membrane of certain low-temperature metal braze material.
B. after finishing above-mentioned preparation step, dimpling point original sheet glass 110 and former 120 of sheet glass are closed sheet, and between its metallic membrane, lay the solder bonding metal paper tinsel band of a proper width and thickness, be heated more than the melting temperature of this solder bonding metal material (but being lower than 250 ℃), finish the soldering between this two original sheet glass.
7. one kind according to claim 6 described low-temperature metal soldering techs, it is characterized in that described step a is that paint in gold technology and can merging with glass tempering technology of glass commonly used in the glass surface adnornment industry is implemented.
8. one kind according to claim 6 described low-temperature metal soldering techs, it is characterized in that described solder bonding metal material is a scolding tin.
9. vacuum glass manufacturing process, it is characterized in that being placed in two original sheet glasses of bleeding in the edge sealing vacuum oven is heated to and is incubated in a temperature a little less than edge sealing braze softening temperature, in this process, space therebetween is drawn into air pressure less than 0.1Pa with vacuum oven; After treating that the adsorbed gas in original sheet glass surface is fully discharged, original sheet glass is further heated more than the edge sealing braze temperature of fusion, and its edge is sealed by braze, and space therebetween forms vacuum layer.
10. one kind according to claim 9 described vacuum glass manufacturing process, it is characterized in that (being lower than 250 ℃) in cryogenic pumping and edge sealing process and utilize uviolizing to impel being adsorbed on the lip-deep macromole decomposing gas of original sheet glass to quicken the speed of vacuum suction.
11. one kind according to claim 1 described vacuum glass, utilizes claim 9 described vacuum glass manufacturing process manufacturings, it is characterized in that it does not have bleeding point.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101883472A CN102050585A (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2009-11-02 | Low-cost toughened vacuum glass and manufacture method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101883472A CN102050585A (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2009-11-02 | Low-cost toughened vacuum glass and manufacture method thereof |
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