CN102751578B - Omnidirectional electric field response metamaterial - Google Patents
Omnidirectional electric field response metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN102751578B CN102751578B CN201110099319.0A CN201110099319A CN102751578B CN 102751578 B CN102751578 B CN 102751578B CN 201110099319 A CN201110099319 A CN 201110099319A CN 102751578 B CN102751578 B CN 102751578B
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Abstract
The invention provides an omnidirectional electric field response metamaterial, which comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, the first surface and the second surface are mutually parallel, a plurality of first man-made micro structures are arranged on the first surface, a plurality of second man-made micro structures are arranged on the second surface, in addition, each first man-made micro structure and one second man-made micro structure are connected through a through hole, and a micro structure pair is formed. According to the metamaterial provided by the invention, the generation of electric field response on electromagnetic waves incident from all directions can be realized, and further, the electromagnetic waves are modulated. In the concrete application, the concrete incidence angle of the electromagnetic waves does not need to be considered, great convenience is brought for use, the application difficulty is reduced, the use range is enlarged, and the favorable support is provided for the use range expansion of the metamaterial.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of Meta Materials, particularly relate to a kind of Meta Materials of omnirange electric field response.
[background technology]
Meta Materials (metamaterial) is the new academic vocabulary that 21 century physics field occurs, often appears at all kinds of scientific literature in recent years.Three key characters of Meta Materials comprise:
(1) Meta Materials normally has the composite material of novel artificial structure;
(2) Meta Materials has extraordinary physical property (this character often not available in natural material);
(3) character of Meta Materials is not often decided by the intrinsic properties of constituent material, and depends mainly on artificial structure wherein.
Meta Materials is a kind of take man-made microstructure as the material that elementary cell also carries out spatial arrangement in a specific way, and this material is a kind of new material with special electromagnetic effect, and the feature of its galvanomagnetic effect determined by the feature of its man-made microstructure.Existing Meta Materials generally includes base material and is attached to the man-made microstructure on base material.By the structurally ordered design on the key physical yardstick of material, the restriction of some apparent natural law can be broken through, thus obtain the meta-materials function exceeding the intrinsic common character of nature.
A kind of characteristic of Meta Materials shows as electromagnetic modulation.Such as, the dielectric constant by changing Meta Materials realizes the control to incoming electromagnetic direction of wave travel.But, in the Meta Materials of prior art, can not realize all producing response to the electromagnetic wave of any direction incidence.Also be, existing Meta Materials, incident direction for incident electromagnetic wave has particular requirement, only has the electromagnetic wave meeting incident angle, Meta Materials just can play modulating action to this incident electromagnetic wave, can not realize the response for institute's vector potential incident electromagnetic wave, and this significantly limit the application of Meta Materials, increase the difficulty using Meta Materials, be unfavorable for the range of application expanding Meta Materials.
[summary of the invention]
In order to provide a kind of can under any circumstance use and without the need to the Meta Materials of the incident angle of considering incident electromagnetic wave, the invention provides a kind of omnirange electric field response Meta Materials, this omnirange electric field response Meta Materials comprises base material, described base material comprises the first surface and second surface that are parallel to each other, be provided with multiple first man-made microstructure on the first surface, described second surface is provided with multiple second man-made microstructure, and each described first man-made microstructure is connected by through hole with described second man-made microstructure and forms a micro-structural pair.
In embodiments of the present invention, described through hole arranges on the substrate and is wherein filled with the material forming described man-made microstructure.
In embodiments of the present invention, described micro-structural is for the incident electromagnetic wave generation response of direction of an electric field perpendicular to first and second surface described.
In embodiments of the present invention, described first man-made microstructure and described second man-made microstructure have the physical dimension of same order.
In embodiments of the present invention, described first man-made microstructure has identical geometry with described second man-made microstructure.
Present invention also offers another kind of omnirange electric field response Meta Materials, this omnirange electric field response Meta Materials comprises multiple being parallel to each other and the metamaterial sheet be stacked, each metamaterial sheet comprises base material and is attached to the man-made microstructure on base material, and a man-made microstructure on one of them lamella is connected by through hole with the man-made microstructure of on other lamellas respectively and forms a micro-structural pair.
In embodiments of the present invention, described through hole arranges on the substrate and is wherein filled with the material forming described man-made microstructure.
In embodiments of the present invention, described micro-structural is for the incident electromagnetic wave generation response of direction of an electric field perpendicular to described metamaterial sheet.
In embodiments of the present invention, described first man-made microstructure and described second man-made microstructure have the physical dimension of same order.
In embodiments of the present invention, described first man-made microstructure has identical geometry with described second man-made microstructure.
Can realize all producing electric field response to the electromagnetic wave of all directions incidence according to Meta Materials of the present invention, and then this electromagnetic wave is modulated.In a particular application, without the need to considering concrete electromagnetic incident angle, being very easy to use, reducing application difficulty, expanding the scope of application, for the expansion of Meta Materials uses, provide favourable support.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 shows the Meta Materials 100 of prior art;
Fig. 2 shows electromagnetic wave propagation process;
Fig. 3 a shows according to a kind of Meta Materials 200 that can realize all producing the electromagnetic wave of omnirange incidence response of the present invention;
Fig. 3 b shows the geometry of the first man-made microstructure 204 and the second man-made microstructure 205;
Fig. 3 c shows the right stereochemical structure of a micro-structural being formed by the first man-made microstructure 204 and the second man-made microstructure 205;
Fig. 4 a shows the Meta Materials 300 that can realize all producing the electromagnetic wave of omnirange incidence response according to another kind of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b shows the geometry of the first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305;
Fig. 4 c shows the right stereochemical structure of a micro-structural being formed by the first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305;
Fig. 5 a show according to of the present invention another can realize all producing the electromagnetic wave of omnirange incidence the Meta Materials 400 of response;
Fig. 5 b shows the right stereochemical structure of a micro-structural being formed by the first man-made microstructure, the second man-made microstructure, the 3rd man-made microstructure and the 4th man-made microstructure.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the Meta Materials 100 of prior art.This Meta Materials 100 comprises flat substrates 101 and is attached to the multiple man-made microstructure 102 on flat substrates 101, and man-made microstructure 102 forms microstructure unit 103 with the part of the flat substrates 101 accompanying by it.From Meta Materials technology, by the dielectric constant and/or the magnetic permeability that regulate the geometry of man-made microstructure 102, size and the distribution on base material 101 thereof can adjust each microstructure unit 103 on this Meta Materials 100.Here it should be noted that, in each microstructure unit 103, the dielectric constant forming the flat substrates of this microstructure unit 103 is determined, after base material arranges man-made microstructure 102, dielectric constant and/or the magnetic permeability of this microstructure unit 103 change, make the dielectric constant of the dielectric constant of microstructure unit 103 and/or magnetic permeability and base material 101 and/or magnetic permeability different.When on electromagnetic wave incident to this Meta Materials 100, due to dielectric constant of microstructure unit 103 each on Meta Materials and/or the different distributions of magnetic permeability, different modulation can be produced to this electromagnetic wave.But the existing Meta Materials shown in Fig. 1 all can not produce response to the electromagnetic wave of all incidence, for the electromagnetic wave of direction of an electric field perpendicular to this Meta Materials plane incidence, this Meta Materials does not respond.Set up three Cartesian coordinates, as shown in fig. 1, suppose the plane that this Meta Materials is positioned at the X of this cartesian coordinate system, Y-axis is formed, the Meta Materials so shown in Fig. 1 does not respond for direction of an electric field incident electromagnetic wave in the Z-axis direction.
From electromagnetism, electromagnetic wave (also known as electromagnetic radiation) is by in-phase oscillation and mutually perpendicular electric field and magnetic field are moved with the form of ripple in space, the plane that its direction of propagation is formed perpendicular to electric field and magnetic field, effective transferring energy and momentum, and the direction in electric field, magnetic field and electromagnetic wave propagation direction meet right-hand rule.Fig. 2 shows in Electromagnetic Wave Propagation process, and the relation of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction and its electric field, the direction of propagation, magnetic field, wherein electromagnetic electric field E represents, magnetic field H represents, K represents electromagnetic wave propagation direction.
Known in Meta Materials field, different man-made microstructure can produce different responses to electromagnetic wave, and this response is divided into two classes, namely to the response of electric field and the response to magnetic field.And the man-made microstructure 102 shown in Fig. 1 can produce response to electric field.For the Meta Materials 100 shown in Fig. 1, when on electromagnetic wave incident to this Meta Materials 100, as long as the electric field E of incident electromagnetic wave has electric field component in the plane at Meta Materials, this man-made microstructure will produce response to this electromagnetic wave.Also namely, as long as the direction of the electromagnetic electric field E of incidence is different from direction shown in Fig. 1, this Meta Materials can produce modulation to this electromagnetic wave.But for the direction of electric field E perpendicular to this Meta Materials, also namely perpendicular to the incident electromagnetic wave of this man-made microstructure place plane, Meta Materials does not respond it.Thus, the Meta Materials of prior art can not realize the response for institute's vector potential incident electromagnetic wave, and this significantly limit the application of Meta Materials, increases the difficulty using Meta Materials, is unfavorable for the range of application expanding Meta Materials.
Fig. 3 a shows according to a kind of Meta Materials 200 that can realize all producing the electromagnetic wave of omnirange incidence response of the present invention.In fig. 3 a, this Meta Materials comprises base material 201, this base material 201 comprises first surface 202 and second surface 203, two surfaces are parallel to each other and the plane parallel formed with X-axis in figure and Y-axis, this first surface 202 is provided with multiple first man-made microstructure 204, this second surface 203 is provided with multiple second man-made microstructure 205, and each first man-made microstructure 204 forms a micro-structural pair with second man-made microstructure 205 by being connected at the through hole 206 of base material 201, wherein in this hole, be filled with the material identical with forming man-made microstructure material.Fig. 3 b shows the geometry of the first man-made microstructure 204 and the second man-made microstructure 205.In the present embodiment, the geometry of this first man-made microstructure 204 and the second man-made microstructure 205 is identical, includes the first metal tape C and is arranged on the second metal tape Q of these the first metal tape C both sides.The difference of this second man-made microstructure 205 and the first man-made microstructure 204 is, the second man-made microstructure 205 have rotated certain angle relative to this first man-made microstructure 204.The physical dimension of this first man-made microstructure and the second man-made microstructure is less than 1/10th of the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave, and preferably the physical dimension of this first man-made microstructure and the second man-made microstructure has same order.
In the present embodiment, base material can Ceramics, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.Adopt polytetrafluoroethylene in the present embodiment.Man-made microstructure is metal micro structure, by copper or silvery standby.
Fig. 3 c shows the right stereochemical structure of a micro-structural being formed by the first man-made microstructure 204 and the second man-made microstructure 205, and wherein the first man-made microstructure 204 and the second man-made microstructure 205 are connected by the through hole 206 being filled with the material forming man-made microstructure.When having on electromagnetic wave incident to Meta Materials 200 according to the present invention, when this electromagnetic direction of an electric field has electric field component on the first surface 202 of this Meta Materials 201 and the parallel surface of second surface 203 place plane, then the first man-made microstructure 204 on this first surface 202 and the second man-made microstructure 205 on this second surface 203 all can produce response to this electromagnetic electric field, modulate this electromagnetic wave.When this electromagnetic direction of an electric field is when perpendicular to the first surface 202 of this Meta Materials 201 and second surface 203 place plane, also namely the direction of incoming electromagnetic in the Z-axis direction time, the geometry be made up of the through hole 206 being filled with the material forming man-made microstructure and the first metal tape of the first man-made microstructure 204 connected thereof and the first metal tape of the second man-made microstructure 205 can produce response to the electromagnetic wave of this incidence, and then modulates electromagnetic wave.Thus achieve the omnirange electric field response Meta Materials that the electromagnetic wave of all directions incidence is modulated.
Fig. 4 a shows the Meta Materials 300 that can realize all producing the electromagnetic wave of omnirange incidence response according to another kind of the present invention.In fig .4, this Meta Materials comprises base material 301, this base material 301 comprises first surface 302 and second surface 303, two surfaces are parallel to each other and the plane parallel formed with X-axis in figure and Y-axis, this first surface 302 is provided with multiple first man-made microstructure 304, this second surface 303 is provided with multiple second man-made microstructure 305, and each first man-made microstructure 304 forms a micro-structural pair with second man-made microstructure 305 by being connected at the through hole 306 of base material 301, wherein in this hole, be filled with the material identical with forming man-made microstructure material.Fig. 4 b shows the geometry of the first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305.In the present embodiment, the geometry of this first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305 is identical, includes orthogonal two the first metal tape C and is arranged on the second metal tape Q of these the first metal tape C both sides.The physical dimension of this first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305 is less than 1/10th of the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave, and preferably the physical dimension of this first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305 has same order.
In the present embodiment, base material can Ceramics, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.Adopt Fr4 in the present embodiment.Man-made microstructure is metal micro structure, by copper or silvery standby.
Fig. 4 c shows the right stereochemical structure of a micro-structural being formed by the first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305, and wherein the first man-made microstructure 304 and the second man-made microstructure 305 are connected by the through hole 306 being filled with the material forming man-made microstructure.When having on electromagnetic wave incident to Meta Materials 300 according to the present invention, when this electromagnetic direction of an electric field has electric field component on the first surface 302 of this Meta Materials 301 and the parallel surface of second surface 303 place plane, then the first man-made microstructure 304 on this first surface 302 and the second man-made microstructure 305 on this second surface 303 all can produce response to this electromagnetic electric field, modulate this electromagnetic wave.When this electromagnetic direction of an electric field is when perpendicular to the first surface 302 of this Meta Materials 301 and second surface 303 place plane, also namely the direction of incoming electromagnetic in the Z-axis direction time, the geometry be made up of the through hole 306 being filled with the material forming man-made microstructure and the first metal tape of the first man-made microstructure 304 connected thereof and the first metal tape of the second man-made microstructure 305 can produce response to the electromagnetic wave of this incidence, and then modulates electromagnetic wave.Thus achieve the omnirange electric field response Meta Materials that the electromagnetic wave of all directions incidence is modulated.
Fig. 5 a shows the Meta Materials 400 that can realize all producing the electromagnetic wave of omnirange incidence response according to another kind of the present invention.This Meta Materials 400 comprises multiple being parallel to each other and the metamaterial sheet be stacked, and this Meta Materials 400 comprises the first metamaterial sheet 410, second metamaterial sheet 420, the 3rd metamaterial sheet 430 and the 4th metamaterial sheet 440 in fig 5 a.Each metamaterial sheet comprises base material and is attached to the man-made microstructure on base material, and wherein the first metamaterial sheet 410 comprises base material 411 and is attached to multiple first man-made microstructure 412 on base material 411; Second metamaterial sheet 420 comprises base material 421 and is attached to multiple second man-made microstructure 422 on base material 421; 3rd metamaterial sheet 430 comprises base material 431 and is attached to multiple 3rd man-made microstructure 432 on base material 431; And the 4th metamaterial sheet 440 comprises base material 441 and is attached to multiple 4th man-made microstructure 442 on base material 441, and each lamella is stacked each other on together.In fig 5 a, in order to represent the relation between clear each lamella and the situation on individual lamella, each lamella is separated diagram, but in actual applications, each lamella is mutually stacked together.A man-made microstructure on a lamella is connected by through hole with the man-made microstructure of on other lamellas respectively and forms a micro-structural pair, wherein this through hole is arranged on the below of man-made microstructure on each base material, and is filled with the material identical with forming man-made microstructure material in through hole.As illustrated in fig. 5 a, the base material below man-made microstructure 412,422,432 and 442 being provided with through hole, in through hole, being filled with the material identical with forming man-made microstructure material, man-made microstructure 412,422,432 and 442 is connected by through hole 450.Illustrate in Fig. 5 b that man-made microstructure 412,422,432 and 442 is connected by through hole 450 and forms the right three-dimensional structure diagram of a micro-structural.The physical dimension of this first man-made microstructure 412, second man-made microstructure 422, the 3rd man-made microstructure 432 and the 4th man-made microstructure 442 is less than 1/10th of the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave, and the physical dimension of the man-made microstructure preferably in these different metamaterial sheet has the identical order of magnitude.
In the present embodiment, base material can Ceramics, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.Adopt F4b in the present embodiment.Man-made microstructure is metal micro structure, by copper or silvery standby.
When having on electromagnetic wave incident to Meta Materials 400 according to the present invention, when this electromagnetic direction of an electric field has electric field component at this Meta Materials in the plane at metamaterial sheet place, then the first metamaterial sheet 410, second metamaterial sheet 420, the 3rd metamaterial sheet 430 and the 4th metamaterial sheet 440 all can produce response to this electromagnetic electric field, modulate this electromagnetic wave.When the plane of this electromagnetic direction of an electric field perpendicular to this metamaterial sheet place, be made up of a micro-structural the through hole 450 being filled with the material forming man-made microstructure and the first man-made microstructure connected, the second man-made microstructure, the 3rd man-made microstructure and the 4th man-made microstructure to producing response to the electromagnetic wave of this incidence, and then electromagnetic wave is modulated.Thus achieve the omnirange electric field response Meta Materials that the electromagnetic wave of all directions incidence is modulated.
Can realize all producing electric field response to the electromagnetic wave of all directions incidence according to Meta Materials of the present invention, and then this electromagnetic wave is modulated.In a particular application, without the need to considering concrete electromagnetic incident angle, being very easy to use, reducing application difficulty, expanding the scope of application, for the expansion of Meta Materials uses, provide favourable support.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an omnirange electric field response Meta Materials, it is characterized in that, described omnirange electric field response Meta Materials comprises base material, described base material comprises the first surface and second surface that are parallel to each other, be provided with multiple first man-made microstructure on the first surface, described second surface is provided with multiple second man-made microstructure, and each described first man-made microstructure and the second man-made microstructure include two first metal tapes intersected vertically and the second metal tape being arranged on these the first metal tape both sides, each described first man-made microstructure is connected by through hole with described second man-made microstructure and forms a micro-structural pair, the two ends of described through hole are connected with the intersection of the intersection of two first metal tapes of described first man-made microstructure and two first metal tapes of described second man-made microstructure respectively, described through hole arranges on the substrate and is wherein filled with the material forming described man-made microstructure.
2. omnirange electric field response Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described micro-structural is for the incident electromagnetic wave generation response of direction of an electric field perpendicular to first and second surface described.
3. omnirange electric field response Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first man-made microstructure and described second man-made microstructure have the physical dimension of same order.
4. omnirange electric field response Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first man-made microstructure has identical geometry with described second man-made microstructure.
5. an omnirange electric field response Meta Materials, it is characterized in that, described omnirange electric field response Meta Materials comprises and being parallel to each other and the first metamaterial sheet be stacked, second metamaterial sheet, 3rd metamaterial sheet and the 4th metamaterial sheet, each metamaterial sheet comprises base material and is attached to the man-made microstructure on base material, each man-made microstructure includes the first metal tape and is arranged on the second metal tape of the first metal tape both sides, a man-made microstructure in one of them metamaterial sheet is connected by through hole with the man-made microstructure of in other metamaterial sheet respectively and forms a micro-structural pair, the two ends of described through hole connect with the first metal tape of corresponding man-made microstructure and respectively between the second metal tape of both sides, described through hole arranges on the substrate and is wherein filled with the material forming described man-made microstructure.
6. omnirange electric field response Meta Materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described micro-structural is for the incident electromagnetic wave generation response of direction of an electric field perpendicular to described metamaterial sheet.
7. omnirange electric field response Meta Materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the described man-made microstructure in different metamaterial sheet has the physical dimension of same order.
8. omnirange electric field response Meta Materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the described man-made microstructure in different metamaterial sheet has identical geometry.
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| CN101389998A (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2009-03-18 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Metamaterials |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| US7864394B1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2011-01-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Dynamically variable metamaterial lens and method |
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| CN101389998A (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2009-03-18 | 加利福尼亚大学董事会 | Metamaterials |
| US7864394B1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2011-01-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Dynamically variable metamaterial lens and method |
| CN101587990A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-11-25 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
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| "Group theory based design of isotropic negative refractive index metamaterials";N. Wongkasem, A. Akyurtlu, and K. A. Marx;《Progress In Electromagnetics 》;20061231;正文第12页倒数第5行至第14页第7行，图9 * |
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