CN102743191B - Focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging device and focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging method - Google Patents
Focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging device and focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102743191B CN102743191B CN201210220399.5A CN201210220399A CN102743191B CN 102743191 B CN102743191 B CN 102743191B CN 201210220399 A CN201210220399 A CN 201210220399A CN 102743191 B CN102743191 B CN 102743191B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-destructive testing and measuring, and discloses a focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging device and a focusing rotary scanning photoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscope imaging method. The device comprises a photoacoustic ultrasonic endoscope imaging probe, a rotating connecting part and a peripheral circuit part, wherein pulse laser generates 90-degree reflection at the light outlet end and is irradiated on the blood vessel wall after being gathered by a cylindrical surface light gathering lens, photoacoustic signals are generated, a sound-sensitive element receives the photoacoustic signals, the photoacoustic signals are collected and recorded after being converted, the synchronous working of a data collector and a pulse laser is realized, triggering signals generated by the pulse laser trigger an ultrasonic pulse emitting and receiving device to emit electric signals, the electric signals trigger the sound-sensitive element to emit ultrasonic signals, the ultrasonic signals are reflected after reaching the blood vessels, are received by sound-sensitive elements and are collected and recorded after being converted, a step motor drives the device for carrying out scanning to obtain the whole blood vessel fault data, and photoacoustic and ultrasonic images are obtained after the processing. The sound-sensitive elements are shared by ultrasonic and photoacoustic images, and the high-resolution and high-sensitivity blood vessel internal ultrasonic photoacoustic imaging can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-destructive testing field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device and formation method thereof.
Background technology
The accuracy that modern medicine detects for blood vessel has proposed more and more higher requirement, traditional method, comprise Magnetic Resonance Angiography and angiographic imaging etc., although can present preferably formalness or the in-profile of blood vessel, the local detail information of blood vessel wall and lumen of vessels cannot be provided.Imaging technique is the product of the technology developments such as endoscopic technique and computer, microelectronics, Digital Image Processing and fusion in blood vessel. can be with a kind of visual angle of uniqueness-blood vessel section is carried out to imaging from internal blood vessel. can observe blood vessel wall that other formation methods cannot observe and the fine structure of tube chamber, even component of organization. but traditional optics blood vessel endoscope image-forming principle is all to utilize optical scattering or reflected signal to obtain detected image, because light is subject to medium diffuse transmission influence large, there is the shortcoming of penetration depth shallow (~ mm level).
Intravascular ultrasound imaging is to carry out imaging based on detecting the echo of ultrasonic signal in blood vessel wall, the diversity of reflection vascular tissue acoustic impedance; Intravascular photoacoustic imaging is to carry out imaging, the optical absorption difference of reflection vascular tissue based on detecting the photoacoustic signal producing after blood vessel wall absorbs for pulse laser.These two kinds of technology provide respectively the information of blood vessel from acoustic impedance and two parameters of light absorption, more than the imaging depth of two kinds of formation methods can reach 10cm, therefore these two kinds of technology are applicable to blood vessel to carry out based endoscopic imaging very much.
Prior art " a kind of intravascular photoacoustic ultra sonic imaging endoscope and image processing device and the formation method thereof " .-2010.05.24.-10 of CN101912250/ South China Normal University (Xing Da) page, discloses a kind of intravascular photoacoustic ultra sonic imaging endoscope and image processing device and formation method.This technology adopts hollow circular ring array ultrasonic detector and conical reflector, when photoacoustic imaging, pulse laser process optical fiber transmission is also launched at bright dipping end, on the face of conical reflector, scatter and irradiate whole blood vessel wall simultaneously, exciting light acoustical signal, is used circle ring array ultrasonic detector to receive the photoacoustic signal producing; When ultra sonic imaging, circle ring array ultrasonic detector is launched ultrasonic signal, then receives the ultrasonic signal of vasoreflex, and this probe has the performance of photoacoustic imaging and ultra sonic imaging.
Its deficiency is, the pulse laser of this technology expands at conical reflector, excites whole internal blood vessel simultaneously, and required laser energy is large; And because pulse laser does not converge, so the resolution of photoacoustic image is not good, the probe of this device uses 64 acoustic sensors in addition, the not good and complex structure of the receiving efficiency of single acoustic sensor.
The present invention has developed a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device, and utilize this device to carry out formation method research in the ultrasonic integrated blood vessel of optoacoustic, this apparatus structure is simple, required laser energy is low, image quality is high, has positive propelling meaning for promoting imaging device in China's independent development novel vascular.
Summary of the invention
The weak point existing for solving prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device, this device comprises a kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe of compact, can realize the fusion of acoustic impedance and two kinds of imaging techniques of light absorption, two kinds of imagings synchronously complete, improve accuracy of detection, reduce testing cost and operation easier.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for utilizing said apparatus to carry out imaging.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device, comprises optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, be rotatably connected part and peripheral circuit part, and three connects successively;
Described optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe comprises ultrasound emission test section and laser conduction part; Described ultrasound emission test section comprises acoustic sensor and basic fixture, basis fixture is cylinder, at cylinder front end side opening one fan groove, two acoustic sensors of symmetrical installation on fan groove inner face, in the middle of two acoustic sensors, leave slit, two acoustic sensors are all connected with the part that is rotatably connected by signal conductor; Described laser conduction part is, along the axis of basic fixture, blind bore road, one end is set, pulse laser conduction optical fiber is installed in duct, the bright dipping end of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is facing to the blind end in duct, and the other end of pulse conduction optical fiber is connected with the part that is rotatably connected; Bright dipping end at pulse laser conduction optical fiber is made 45 ° of chamferings and plate high-reflecting film on chamfering reflecting surface, slit in the middle of two acoustic sensors is just to bright dipping chamfer reflecting surface, cylinder collecting lens is installed simultaneously in slit, the pulse laser that the outgoing of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is gone out occurs, after 90 ° of reflection deviations, to pool a focal line after cylinder collecting lens on chamfering inclined-plane.
In the middle of two unit acoustic sensor side direction in described ultrasound emission test section, form angle theta, θ is 90 ° ~ 180 °, the focal line of the middle vertical plane intersection along basic fixture axis (being that middle vertical plane is parallel with the axis of basic fixture) that makes two acoustic sensor detection faces with pulse laser after cylinder condenser lens converges overlaps, form focusing mode, the size that is θ is determined according to the focal length of cylinder collecting lens and the size that detects blood vessel, the highest to realize the receiving efficiency of photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal.
Described basic fixture is ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION material, can be in rotation sweep process ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING ultrasonic; The size in described duct is slightly larger than the size of pulse laser conduction optical fiber.
The preparing material and can adopt piezoelectric ceramics or composite piezoelectric wafer of described acoustic sensor, described acoustic sensor can be designed to different dominant frequency according to demand, to realize different imaging resolutions and imaging depth;
The material of preparing of described pulse laser conduction optical fiber can be quartz or plastics, core diameter can be adjusted as required, to adapt to different excitation light intensity needs, the chamfering of described pulse laser conduction optical fiber bright dipping end can be different angle, to produce the emergent light of different angles, bright dipping end reflecting surface can be coated with the reflective coating of unlike material, to adapt to the requirement of different wave length, Jiao's length of described cylinder collecting lens can change, to adapt to the blood vessel without thickness.
Described focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe and rotary connector are passed through medical telescopic joint between dividing, pulse laser is conducted to optical fiber with this sleeve pipe and signal conductor is wrapped in wherein, this sleeve pipe is little to ultrasonic signal loss, to laser-light transparent, and there is toughness, make optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe and the rotor synchronous rotation being rotatably connected in part.
Described rotary connector is divided and is comprised that fiber spinning connects, and signal conductor is rotatably connected and mechanical swing pinion, and described fiber spinning connects employing Direct couple pattern, can change according to demand Lens Coupling or GRIN Lens coupled mode into; Described signal conductor is rotatably connected and adopts the electromagnetic coupled pattern that is rotatably connected, and can change according to demand brush connection mode into, hydrargyrum connection mode, all-metal contact mode or wireless mode; Described mechanical swing pinion is for being arranged on epitrochanterian fixture, fiber spinning connected and signal conductor is rotatably connected and is fixed together, and can change according to demand belt into, piezoelectricity rotates or other forms of integrated micro motor.
Described Direct couple pattern is that the other end that is arranged on the pulse laser conduction optical fiber in basic fixture is fixed on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected, the other end of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber being connected with pulse laser is fixed on the stator of the part that is rotatably connected, the two ends collimation of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber connecting with rotor and stator is respectively relative, the middle space that retains, the size in gap can Best Coupling be as the criterion with pulse, when rotation, be fixed on epitrochanterian pulse laser conduction fiber spinning, be fixed on pulse laser conduction optical fiber on stator motionless.
The described electromagnetic coupled pattern of being rotatably connected is to connect by the method for signal electromagnet coupling coil, at the each electromagnetic coupled coil of installing on stator partly and rotor that is rotatably connected, the two is parallel relatively, the signal conductor other end being connected with acoustic sensor is connected with epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil, the signal conductor other end connected with ultrasonic pulse transceiver is connected with electromagnetic coupled coil on stator, freely 360 ° of rotations of epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil when work, the electromagnetic coupled coil on stator is fixed;
When fiber spinning connects the Direct couple pattern that adopts, signal conductor is rotatably connected while adopting electromagnetic coupled to be rotatably connected pattern, on mechanical swing pinion, optical fiber in described Direct couple pattern is arranged in electromagnetic coupled and is rotatably connected in the middle of the electromagnetic coupled coil of pattern, two element coaxials are arranged on bearing, meanwhile, be fixed on stator and epitrochanterian two sections of pulse lasers conduction optical fiber is fixing with sealing ring sealing respectively.
Described peripheral circuit portion is divided and is comprised pulse laser, ultrasonic pulse transceiver, data receiver computer and motor.The triggering signal delivery outlet of described pulse laser separates two paths of signals line, and wherein a road is connected with the trigger interface of ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and another road is connected with data acquisition computer trigger interface; The signal output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver is connected with the signal receiving port of data receiver computer; Data receiver Computer signal delivery outlet is connected with motor.
Described pulse laser produces pulse laser exciting light acoustical signal, and the triggering signal synchronous data collection computer operation of transmitting; Ultrasonic pulse transceiver, under the triggering of triggering signal, is launched electric pulse, and receives photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal after amplifying; Data receiver computer is acquisition and recording photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal under triggering signal triggers; External motor is the rotation of driving mechanical swing pinion under the control of data acquisition computer, the rotor synchronous rotation of driven rotary coupling part, and then drive medical sleeve pipe and the rotation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, carry out 360 ° of scannings.
Described ultrasonic pulse transceiver can be launched the signal of different frequency under the triggering of outer triggering signal, and its transmitting ultrasonic signal frequencies scope is 20MHz ~ 50MHz, and receiving ultrasonic frequency range is 1KHz ~ 75MHz; Described outer triggering signal is the Q-switch triggering signal of carrying out self-pulsing laser, but is not limited to this, can be from function signal generator or other.
The wave-length coverage of the pulse laser that described pulse laser sends is 400nm ~ 500nm, pulsewidth scope is 5ns ~ 50ns, the pulse laser of described pulse laser output enters pulse laser conduction optical fiber after coupling, the triggering signal of pulse laser output is divided into two-way triggering collection card and the work of ultrasonic pulse transceiver simultaneously, described pulse laser can change other forms of dye laser as required into, solid state laser, gas laser or semiconductor laser.
Described data receiver computer is provided with capture card, controls software and image processing software; By capture card, ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal are carried out after A/D conversion, recorded optoacoustic and the ultrasound data of each position by Computer Storage, and be rotated scanning by controlling software control probe; The sample rate scope of described capture card is 1Hz ~ 2GHz, and resolution is not limited to 14, and bandwidth is not limited to 100MHz, and plate carries internal memory and is not limited to 256M, and minimum voltage sensitivity is not limited to 12.2 microvolts, and maximum input voltage is not limited to positive and negative 10V; Described control software is Labview software; Described image processing software is MATLAB software.
Utilize said apparatus to carry out a method for imaging, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) excite: optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe is placed in to tube to be measured inside, unbalanced pulse laser instrument output pulse laser, pulse laser carries out after direct-coupling in fiber spinning junction, on the chamfering inclined-plane of laser pulse conduction optical fiber bright dipping end, there are 90 ° of reflection deviations, after cylinder collecting lens converges, irradiate tube exciting light acoustical signal to be measured;
(2) gather: the Labview on turn-on data collecting computer controls software, the triggering signal of exporting of synchronizeing with pulse laser output pulse laser is divided into two-way, and the capture card on a road triggering signal trigger data acquisition computer starts acquired signal; The photoacoustic signal that pulse laser excites is converted into the signal of telecommunication after being received by acoustic sensor, returns by signal conductor, be rotatably connected through signal conductor, by ultrasonic pulse transceiver receive and amplify after by data acquisition computer acquisition and recording; Another road triggering signal synchronously triggers ultrasonic pulse transceiver and transmits, this signal excitation acoustic sensor produces ultrasonic, ultrasonic arrival tube back reflection to be measured, received by acoustic sensor, be converted into the signal of telecommunication, return by signal conductor, be rotatably connected through signal conductor, by ultrasonic pulse transceiver receive and amplify after by data acquisition computer acquisition and recording;
(3) circulation: gathered after the photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal of a certain position, the control software control motor rotating detector on data acquisition computer, carries out data acquisition to the next position, until complete the data acquisition of 360 °;
(4) imaging: the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data that are recorded on data acquisition computer utilize filter back-projection algorithm processing on image processing software, obtain optoacoustic and the ultrasonoscopy of tube to be measured.
Acoustic sensor is ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging shares, and dual-mode when ultra sonic imaging, launches and detect ultrasonic; When photoacoustic imaging, single work pattern, receives photoacoustic signal.
In described step (2), if regulating impulse energy of lasers is output as 0, triggering signal is synchronous with pulse laser q switch, and q switch is worked all the time, keeps the output of triggering signal, now treats survey tube and only carries out ultrasound detection; If the energy output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver is adjusted to 0, treats survey tube and only carry out photo-acoustic detection.
Described tube to be measured is blood vessel.
Principle of the present invention is: the present invention is by pulse laser syncout pulse laser and triggering signal, pulse laser is through pulse laser conduction fiber-optic transfer, there are 90 ° of reflections at bright dipping end, after through cylinder collecting lens, focusing is converged, side direction is irradiated blood vessel wall, after vascular tissue's absorbing laser energy, produce photoacoustic signal, photoacoustic signal is received and is converted into the signal of telecommunication by acoustic sensor, return by signal conductor, collected record after ultrasonic pulse transceiver amplifies, data acquisition works asynchronously with pulse laser; The triggering signal that pulse laser produces triggers the ultrasonic pulse transceiver transmitting signal of telecommunication, be transferred to and on acoustic sensor, trigger its transmitting ultrasonic signal through signal conductor, ultrasonic signal arrives blood vessel back reflection, the ultrasonic signal of reflection is received by acoustic sensor, be converted into the signal of telecommunication, and return by signal conductor, collected record after ultrasonic pulse transceiver amplifies, drive and carry out 360 ° of rotation sweeps by motor, after date processing, obtain photoacoustic image and ultrasonoscopy.
With respect to prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention has realized ultra sonic imaging, and in two kinds of blood vessels of photoacoustic imaging, formation method is integrated, has simplified trace routine, reduces detection difficulty, can realize working independently or working simultaneously of two kinds of formation methods.
(2) the present invention can obtain the acoustic impedance of vascular tissue simultaneously, and two parameters of light absorption have improved by contrasting these two parameters the accuracy detecting.
(3) focusing rotation sweep pattern of the present invention obtains the highly sensitive of data, good resolution, and the correspondence of photoacoustic image and ultrasonoscopy is good.
(4) the present invention is simple in structure, and compactness is easy to realize, and the overall diameter of medical sleeve pipe parcel probe is controlled in 1mm, fully meets the detection for the tiny blood vessels such as coronary artery or pathological changes artery-clogging.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device of the present invention; Wherein, 1 is optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, and 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 3 is the part that is rotatably connected, 4 is pulse laser, and 5 is ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and 6 is data acquisition computer, 7 is motor, and 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor.
Fig. 2 (a) is the structure chart of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, and wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 10 is cylinder collecting lens, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is basic fixture; (b) be the laser conduction part-structure schematic diagram of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 10 is cylinder collecting lens; (c) be the focusing mode schematic diagram of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 9 is signal conductor, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is basic fixture.
Fig. 3 (a) be rotatably connected part profile, wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, 8 is pulse conduction optical fiber, 9 is signal conductor, 13 rotors, and 14 is stator, 15 is sealing ring, 16 is mechanical swing pinion, and 17 is bearing, and 18 is the electromagnetic coupled coil being connected with signal conductor; (b) be the structural representation of the be rotatably connected epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil of part and pulse laser conduction optical fiber, wherein 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 18 is electromagnetic coupled coil.
Fig. 4 is photoacoustic signal (along first signal of time shaft) and ultrasonic signal (along second signal of the time shaft) figure of embodiment 2 acquisition that utilizes focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the result figure that embodiment 2 utilizes the focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic of the present invention ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device to carry out optoacoustic ultra sonic imaging to rabbit Arterial Rings In Vitro blood vessel, (a) be vascular pathological figure, (b) being the photoacoustic image of blood vessel, is (c) ultrasonoscopy of blood vessel.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
The structural representation of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device is as shown in Figure 1: wherein, 1 is optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, 3 is the part that is rotatably connected, and 4 is pulse laser, and 5 is ultrasonic pulse transceiver, 6 is data acquisition computer, 7 is motor, and 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor.
Fig. 2 (a) is the overall structure figure of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, and wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 10 is cylinder collecting lens, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is basic fixture; (b) be the laser conduction part-structure schematic diagram of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 10 is cylindrical focusing lens; (c) be the acoustic sensor structural representation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, wherein 9 is signal conductor, and 11 is acoustic sensor, and 12 is basic fixture.Described optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, pulse laser conduction optical fiber and signal conductor are wrapped up by medical sleeve pipe, and this medical casing diameter 1mm is little for ultrasonic loss, for laser-light transparent, has toughness.
In Fig. 2, basic fixture 12 is for fixed pulse laser conduction optical fiber, cylindrical focusing lens and acoustic sensor 11, and the ultrasonic signal of ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING, be made as cylinder, diameter is 0.85mm, and long is 10mm, have the fan groove of 148 ° in cylinder front end side, length is 5mm; In the middle of cylinder, have a front end blind bore road along axis, diameter 400 μ m.Described acoustic sensor is that piezoceramic material is made, center dominant frequency 20MHz, be of a size of 3mm*0.4mm, dominant frequency is 20MHz, 2 altogether, symmetrical being fixed in the cambered surface in basic fixture fan groove respectively, two acoustic sensors are all connected with the part that is rotatably connected by signal conductor, in the middle of two acoustic sensors, maintain slit 3mm*0.25mm, in the middle of side direction, form angle theta, θ is 148 °, and the focal line after the middle vertical plane intersection along basic fixture axis of two acoustic sensor detection faces is converged with pulse laser overlaps, and forms focusing mode.The diameter of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is 380 μ m, be processed with 45 ° of reflectings surface of chamfering at bright dipping end, this optical fiber stretches into the duct in the middle of basic fixture, bright dipping end reflecting surface is aimed at the gap between two acoustic sensors, the corresponding cylindrical focusing lens of installing of bright dipping end reflecting surface in duct, focal length is 0.8mm.
Medical sleeve pipe, pulse laser conduction optical fiber and signal conductor are all connected on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, 2 is medical sleeve pipe, and 8 is pulse laser conduction optical fiber, and 9 is signal conductor, and 13 is rotor, and 14 is stator, and 15 is sealing ring, and 16 is mechanical swing pinion, and 17 is bearing, and 18 is the electromagnetic coupled coil being connected with signal conductor.The other end that is arranged on the pulse laser conduction optical fiber in basic fixture is fixed on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected, the other end of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber being connected with pulse laser is fixed on the stator of the part that is rotatably connected, two termination collimations of described pulse laser conduction optical fiber relatively, the middle space that retains, when rotation, be fixed on epitrochanterian pulse laser conduction fiber spinning, being fixed on optical fiber on stator motionless, is Direct couple pattern; Signal conductor is connected with electromagnetic coupled coil, each on the stator of the part that is rotatably connected and rotor an electromagnetic coupled coil is installed, and the two is parallel relatively, is the electromagnetic coupled pattern that is rotatably connected, epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil rotation when work.When acoustic sensor receives ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal, acoustic sensor produces the signal of telecommunication, and through signal conductor, transmission arrives electromagnetic coupled coil to the signal of telecommunication, be converted into electromagnetic wave, be delivered to the electromagnetic coupled coil on stator, then entering signal wire continuation transmission, when transmitting ultrasonic signal, process is contrary.
When this device work, pulse laser conduction optical fiber is by pulse laser (Vibrant B 532I, OPOTEK, USA) pulse laser producing transmits forward, through being rotatably connected part Direct couple follow-up resume defeated, arrive optical fiber bright dipping end, pulse laser is 90 ° of 45 ° of reflecting surface upper deflectings of bright dipping chamfer, after converging, cylinder collecting lens arrives vascular tissue, excite blood vessel wall to produce photoacoustic signal, acoustic sensor receives photoacoustic signal, produce the signal of telecommunication, by signal conductor transmission, after the electromagnetic coupled coil of the part that is rotatably connected, be delivered to ultrasonic pulse transceiver, by data acquisition computer acquisition and recording.The triggering signal that pulse laser synchronously sends while producing pulse laser is divided into two-way, trigger data acquisition computer and ultrasonic pulse transceiver (5073PR respectively, Olympus Inc.) work, the ultrasonic pulse transceiver transmitting signal of telecommunication, this signal of telecommunication excites acoustic sensor to produce ultrasonic signal, arrive blood vessel wall back reflection, acoustic sensor receives the ultrasonic echo reflecting, be converted to the signal of telecommunication, transmit via signal conductor, after the electromagnetic coupled coil of the part that is rotatably connected, be delivered to ultrasonic pulse transceiver, by data acquisition computer acquisition and recording.Complete after the collection of a position, data acquisition computer meeting control step driven by motor is rotatably connected and partly rotates to the next position, repeats gatherer process just, until complete the signals collecting of 360 °.All signals that collect utilize filter back-projection algorithm to rebuild on data acquisition computer becomes photoacoustic image and ultrasonoscopy.
Described data receiver computer is provided with capture card, controls software and image processing software; By capture card, ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal are carried out after A/D conversion, recorded optoacoustic and the ultrasound data of each position by Computer Storage, and be rotated scanning by controlling software control probe; The sample rate scope of described capture card is 1Hz ~ 2GHz, and resolution is 14, and bandwidth is 100MHz, in plate carries, saves as 256M, and minimum voltage sensitivity is 12.2 microvolts, and maximum input voltage is positive and negative 10V; Described control software is Labview software; Described image processing software is MATLAB software.
In gatherer process, can regulating impulse energy of lasers be output as 0, triggering signal is synchronizeed with pulse laser q switch, q switch is worked all the time, keep the output of triggering signal, now system will only be carried out ultrasound detection to blood vessel, or be 0 by the energy output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver, now system will only be carried out photo-acoustic detection to blood vessel.
The ultrasonic based endoscopic imaging device of focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic of Application Example 1 carries out ultrasonic photoacoustic synchronous imaging in blood vessel, and method is as follows:
(1) excite: focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe is placed in to rabbit Arterial Rings In Vitro internal blood vessel, unbalanced pulse laser instrument produces laser pulse, wavelength is 512nm, pulsewidth 10ns, repetition rate 10Hz, pulse laser continues by pulse laser conduction fiber-optic transfer after the Direct couple of the part that is rotatably connected, arrive optical fiber bright dipping end, pulse laser is 90 ° of 45 ° of reflecting surface upper deflectings of bright dipping chamfer, converge rear side to irradiating vascular tissue through cylinder collecting lens, produce photoacoustic signal;
(2) gather: the Labview on turn-on data collecting computer controls software, the triggering signal of exporting of synchronizeing with pulse laser output pulse laser is divided into two-way, a road triggering signal triggering collection card job, the photoacoustic signal that pulse laser excites is received by acoustic sensor, photoacoustic signal is received and is converted into the signal of telecommunication by acoustic sensor, return by signal conductor, after the electromagnetic coupled coil of the part that is rotatably connected, be transferred to ultrasonic pulse transceiver and amplify after 30dB by data acquisition computer record, another road triggering signal triggering ultrasonic pulse transceiver of the synchronous output of pulse laser transmits, and (voltage of this signal is-180V, frequency 20MHz), this signal is after the electromagnetic coupled coil transmission of the part that is rotatably connected, continue to be sent to acoustic sensor, excitation acoustic sensor produces ultrasonic, ultrasonic arrival blood vessel back reflection, the ultrasonic of reflection received by acoustic sensor, be converted into the signal of telecommunication, return by signal conductor, after the electromagnetic coupled coil of the part that is rotatably connected, by ultrasonic pulse transceiver accept and amplify after by data acquisition computer acquisition and recording,
The signal graph that Figure 4 shows that data acquisition computer record, according to time series, first receives photoacoustic signal, then receives ultrasonic signal, and the interval that starts to collect photoacoustic signal is identical with the interval of photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal.
(3) circulation: gathered after the photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal of a certain position, the Labview control sequence control step motor rotating detector on data acquisition computer, carries out data acquisition to the next position, until complete the data acquisition of 360 °;
(4) imaging: the optoacoustic and the ultrasound data that are recorded on data acquisition computer pass through the filtered back projection's routine processes in MATLAB software, obtain optoacoustic and ultrasonoscopy, as shown in Figure 5, (a) be vascular pathological figure, (b) being the photoacoustic image of blood vessel, is (c) ultrasonoscopy of blood vessel.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a focusing rotation sweep optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel based endoscopic imaging device, this device comprises optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe and peripheral circuit part, described optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe comprises ultrasound emission test section and laser conduction part, described ultrasound emission test section comprises acoustic sensor and basic fixture, basis fixture is cylinder, it is characterized in that: described device also comprises the part that is rotatably connected, optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, the part that is rotatably connected are connected successively with peripheral circuit part three; At cylinder front end side opening one fan groove, on fan groove inner face, two acoustic sensors of symmetrical installation, leave slit in the middle of two acoustic sensors, and two acoustic sensors are all connected with the part that is rotatably connected by signal conductor; Described laser conduction part is, along the axis of basic fixture, blind bore road, one end is set, pulse laser conduction optical fiber is installed in duct, the bright dipping end of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is facing to the blind end in duct, and the other end of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is connected with the part that is rotatably connected; Bright dipping end at pulse laser conduction optical fiber is made 45 ° of chamferings and plate high-reflecting film on chamfering reflecting surface, slit in the middle of two acoustic sensors is just to bright dipping chamfer reflecting surface, cylinder collecting lens is installed simultaneously in slit, the pulse laser that the outgoing of pulse laser conduction optical fiber is gone out occurs, after 90 ° of reflection deviations, to pool a focal line after cylinder collecting lens on chamfering inclined-plane.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the middle of two acoustic sensor side direction in described ultrasound emission test section, form angle theta, θ is 90 °～180 °, and the middle vertical plane intersection along basic fixture axis of two acoustic sensor detection faces is overlapped with the focal line of pulse laser after cylinder collecting lens converges.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described basic fixture is ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION material; The material of preparing of described acoustic sensor adopts piezoelectric ceramics or composite piezoelectric wafer; The material of preparing of described pulse laser conduction optical fiber is quartz or plastics, and the focal length of described cylinder collecting lens is 0.5mm～4mm.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe and rotary connector are passed through medical telescopic joint between dividing, pulse laser is conducted to optical fiber with this sleeve pipe and signal conductor is wrapped in wherein;
Described rotary connector is divided and is comprised that fiber spinning connects, signal conductor is rotatably connected and mechanical swing pinion; Described fiber spinning connects employing Direct couple pattern, Lens Coupling or GRIN Lens coupled mode; Described signal conductor is rotatably connected and adopts electromagnetic coupled be rotatably connected pattern, brush connection mode, hydrargyrum connection mode, all-metal contact mode or wireless mode; Described mechanical swing pinion is for being arranged on epitrochanterian fixture, fiber spinning connected and signal conductor is rotatably connected and is fixed together.
5. device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described Direct couple pattern is that the other end that is arranged on the pulse laser conduction optical fiber in basic fixture is fixed on the rotor of the part that is rotatably connected, the other end of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber being connected with pulse laser is fixed on the stator of the part that is rotatably connected, the two ends collimation of the pulse laser conduction optical fiber connecting with rotor and stator is respectively relative, the middle space that retains, the size in gap can Best Coupling be as the criterion with pulse, when rotation, be fixed on epitrochanterian pulse laser conduction fiber spinning, be fixed on pulse laser on stator conduction optical fiber motionless,
The described electromagnetic coupled pattern of being rotatably connected is to connect by the method for signal electromagnet coupling coil, at the each electromagnetic coupled coil of installing on stator partly and rotor that is rotatably connected, the two is parallel relatively, the middle space that retains, the signal conductor other end being connected with acoustic sensor is connected with epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil, the signal conductor other end connected with ultrasonic pulse transceiver is connected with electromagnetic coupled coil on stator, epitrochanterian electromagnetic coupled coil rotation when rotation, the electromagnetic coupled coil on stator is fixed;
When fiber spinning connects the Direct couple pattern that adopts, signal conductor is rotatably connected while adopting electromagnetic coupled to be rotatably connected pattern, on mechanical swing pinion, optical fiber in described Direct couple pattern is arranged in electromagnetic coupled and is rotatably connected in the middle of the electromagnetic coupled coil of pattern, two element coaxials are arranged on bearing, and two sections of pulse laser conduction optical fiber on rotor and stator are fixing with sealing ring sealing respectively.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described peripheral circuit portion is divided and comprised pulse laser, ultrasonic pulse transceiver, data receiver computer and motor;
The triggering signal delivery outlet of described pulse laser separates two paths of signals line, and wherein a road is connected with the trigger interface of ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and another road is connected with data acquisition computer trigger interface; The signal output of ultrasonic pulse transceiver is connected with the signal receiving port of data receiver computer; The signal output of data receiver computer is connected with motor;
Described pulse laser produces pulse laser exciting light acoustical signal, the triggering signal trigger data acquisition computer operation of synchronized transmissions, the transceiver of ultrasonic pulse simultaneously, under the triggering of triggering signal, is launched electric pulse, and receives photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal after amplifying; Data receiver computer is acquisition and recording photoacoustic signal and ultrasonic signal under triggering signal triggers; External motor is the rotation of driving mechanical swing pinion under the control of data acquisition computer, the rotor synchronous rotation of driven rotary coupling part, and then drive medical sleeve pipe and the rotation of optoacoustic ultrasonic blood vessel endoscopic imaging probe, carry out 360 ° of scannings.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the frequency range 20MHz～50MHz of described ultrasonic pulse transceiver transmitting ultrasonic signal, and the frequency range that receives ultrasonic signal is 1KHz～75MHz; The wave-length coverage of the pulse laser that described pulse laser sends is 400nm～2500nm, and pulsewidth scope is 5ns～50ns, is dye laser, solid state laser, gas laser or semiconductor laser.
8. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described data receiver computer is provided with capture card, controls software and image processing software; By capture card, ultrasonic signal and photoacoustic signal are carried out after A/D conversion, recorded optoacoustic and the ultrasound data of each position by Computer Storage, and be rotated scanning by spying upon head in control software control; The sample rate scope of described capture card is 1Hz～2GHz, and resolution is 14, and bandwidth is 100MHz, in plate carries, saves as 256M, and minimum voltage sensitivity is 12.2 microvolts, and maximum input voltage is positive and negative 10V; Described control software is Labview software; Described image processing software is MATLAB software.
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