CN102737345A - 选择性地对车辆充电的方法 - Google Patents

选择性地对车辆充电的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102737345A
CN102737345A CN201210005413XA CN201210005413A CN102737345A CN 102737345 A CN102737345 A CN 102737345A CN 201210005413X A CN201210005413X A CN 201210005413XA CN 201210005413 A CN201210005413 A CN 201210005413A CN 102737345 A CN102737345 A CN 102737345A
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charging
duration
vehicle
cost
user
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伊丽莎白·普罗飞特-布朗
凯利·李·泽切
约瑟夫·保罗·洛克
布莱恩·彼得森
爱德华·安德鲁·弗雷特
克里斯多夫·艾德·欧切新斯奇
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication of CN102737345A publication Critical patent/CN102737345A/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供选择性地对车辆充电的方法。一个或多个实施例可包括选择性地对车辆充电的方法。所述方法可包括在一个或多个计算机接收一个或多个车辆充电时间段。可将所述车辆充电时间段可存储在存储器中。此外，可在计算机接收在所述一个或多个车辆充电时间段期间对车辆充电的价格费用。基于所述一个或多个价格费用以及车辆充电时间段，可确定一个或多个低成本充电时间段。如果所述一个或多个价格费用改变，则所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段可被自动调整。可在所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段的至少部分期间对车辆充电。

Description

选择性地对车辆充电的方法
技术领域
各种实施例涉及选择性地对车辆充电。在一些实施例中，用于对车辆充电的效用成本可通过选择性的车辆充电来控制或管理。
背景技术
电动汽车拥有者可能在家中具有一个或多个家庭充电站。毫不奇怪，因为家庭充电站消耗能量，所以拥有电动汽车对业主的公用事业账单具有影响，有时相当昂贵。在今天的成本意识社会中，控制最低限度的效用成本对于多数业主来说变得重要。
各种OEM提供在远程装置(诸如蜂窝电话)运行的软件应用以在远程装置和电动汽车之间交换信息。例如，除了其他方面之外，雪佛兰沃蓝达的移动应用还允许用户锁住车辆或者为车辆开锁，获得关于电动汽车的信息(诸如状态)，并接收关于车辆的通知。
发明内容
至少一个方面可包括一种选择性地对车辆充电的计算机实现方法。所述方法可包括：在一个或多个计算机接收一个或多个车辆充电时间段，所述车辆充电时间段可被存储在存储器中。此外，所述方法可包括：在所述一个或多个车辆充电时间段期间接收对车辆充电的一个或多个价格费用(pricingrate)。
基于所述一个或多个价格费用以及车辆充电时间段，可在一个或多个计算机确定一个或多个低成本充电时间段。如果所述一个或多个价格费用改变，则所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段可被自动调整。所述方法还可包括：在所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段的至少部分期间命令(command)对车辆充电。
另一方面可包括一种包括一个或多个计算机的系统，所述一个或多个计算机可被配置为接收并存储一个或多个车辆充电时间段。所述计算机还可被配置为接收车辆充电价格费用。基于价格费用和车辆充电时间段，所述计算机还可被配置为识别低成本充电时间段，并且如果价格费用改变，则自动调整低成本充电时间段。此外，所述计算机可被配置为在低成本充电时间段期间命令充电。
另一方面可包括在计算机可读介质中实现的选择性地对车辆充电的计算机程序产品。所述计算机程序产品可包括：用于接收一个或多个车辆充电时间段并将所述一个或多个存储在存储器中的指令。进一步的指令可包括：在所述一个或多个车辆充电时间段期间接收对车辆充电的一个或多个价格费用。
基于所述一个或多个价格费用以及车辆充电时间段，进一步的指令可包括确定一个或多个低成本充电时间段。如果所述一个或多个价格费用改变，则另外的指令可包括自动调整所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段。进一步的指令可包括在所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段的至少部分期间命令充电。
考虑附图和以下对本发明的详细描述，将更好地理解这些和其他方面。
附图说明
以下识别的附图说明本发明的一些实施例。附图不用来限制权利要求书中详述的发明。结合附图参照以下描述，可以最好地理解关于操作的组织和方式的实施例以及进一步的目的和优点，其中：
图1示出用于与车辆进行远程通信和信息交换的系统的方框拓扑；
图2示出车辆计算系统的方框拓扑；
图3示出用于配置车辆的选择性的充电时间的操作；
图4示出用于确定执行选择性的车辆充电的时间的处理；
图5示出用于基于车辆驾驶者的驾驶习惯来确定执行选择性的车辆充电的时间的处理；
图6示出用于否决(override)选择性的车辆充电的处理。
具体实施方式
这里公开本发明的详细实施例。然而，应该理解，公开的本发明的实施例只是示例性的，本发明可以以各种选择的形式来实现。因此，这里公开的具体功能细节不被解释为限制，而只被解释为权利要求的典型的基础和/或被解释为用于教导本领域的技术人员以不同的方式使用本发明的典型的基础。
另外，附图的公开和布置是非限制性的。因此，可修改或重新布置附图的公开和布置以最好地适合于本发明的各种实施例的特定实施方式。
如下面在一个或多个实施例中描述的那样，远离车辆的一个或多个装置和数据网络连接可被用于与车辆远程通信和交换信息。在一些实施例中，车辆可以是电动汽车。尽管针对用于车辆的电池能源的使用描述了各种实施例，但是在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可另外地或可选择地使用其他储能装置和系统(例如，但不限于，燃料、飞轮、超级电容器和其他类似的可充电的储能系统)。远程装置可以在家、办公室、学校、图书馆或其他类似的远程位置中。通常，远程位置还可提供用于电动汽车的充电能力。远程位置可以与远程装置在相同的位置，也可以与远程装置在不同的位置。此外，远程位置可另外地被连接到网络(诸如互联网)、局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)等。
图1示出用于与电动汽车进行远程(例如，外接)通信和信息交换的系统101的方框结构。然而，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可对图1的布置和配置进行修改，从而各种部件可在车上，或者既在车上也在车外。
插入式电动汽车(PEV)31可配备有一个或多个用于向PEV车辆31供电的电池组100。电池组100可包括一个或多个用于电池组100的电容充电或感应充电的充电器102。在一些实施例，电池组100可不包括充电器102。
电动汽车(EV)供电设备(EVSE)104可被用于对车辆31充电。根据现有技术中的已知方法，可通过使用EV供电设备104插入电池组100来实现充电。EV供电设备104可包括收发器(例如，网络接口)118以接收和发送与用户终端106交换的数据。下面将描述该数据交换的进一步细节。
从可位于远程位置(包括但不限于家、办公室、图书馆、学校及其他相似远程位置)的一个或多个用户装置106，用户可与车辆31交换信息。用户装置106可以是一个或多个个人计算机或一个或多个移动装置(包括但不限于移动电话、PDA、个人媒体播放器等)。
连接到网络61以与车辆信息娱乐计算机(VCS)1通信的用户装置106可包括，但不限于WiFi、WiMax、拨号、电缆调制解调器、DSL、ZigBee和其他类似的有线和无线连接。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可使用其他类似的网络连接。因此，用户装置106可通过有线或无线连接经通信网络61与车辆31交换信息。网络61可以是(但不限于)互联网、局域网(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、电力线载波通信(PLC)、电力线宽带(BPL)或这样的网络的组合。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可使用其他相似的网络。
如下面将描述的，用户装置106可配置有一个或多个具有图形接口的软件应用。在一些实施例中，可使用一个或多个可听命令产生应用的操作。在可选择的或另外的实施例中，可用触觉命令产生操作。
车辆31可配备有用于与用户装置106进行数据交换的车载通信单元。所述车载通信单元可包括移动装置(例如，但不限于，蜂窝电话)，所述移动装置可被用于通过蜂窝网络(未示出)发送和接收通信。可通过网络61对这些通信进行中继。在一些实施例中，车载通信单元1可另外地或可选择地包括用于经网络61进行通信的调制解调器(未示出)。如图1所示，在一些非限制性的实施例中，车载通信单元可以是车辆信息娱乐计算机(VCS)1。这种VCS 1的示例是福特汽车公司制造的SYNC系统。下面将关于图2描述VCS1的进一步细节。
车载通信单元(OCU)1可以与将数据传送到各种车辆控制模块的车辆网络108进行通信。车辆网络108的非限制性示例包括SAE J1850总线、CAN总线、GMLAN总线和现有技术中已知的任何其他车辆数据总线。如图1所示，一个或多个电池组100可连接到车辆网络108。其他未示出的车辆模块(例如，动力传动控制模块、气囊控制模块等)也可被连接到网络108。在车辆31和用户装置106之间交换的信息的非限制性示例可以是关于电池充电的信息。OCU 1可经车辆网络108从电池100接收该信息。
返回参照用户装置106，装置106可配置有一个或多个用于与EV 31交换信息的软件模块。这种信息交换的一个非限制性示例可涉及电池充电。在用户装置106上可将这些模块中的每个实现为软件。在一些实施例中，如虚线箭头所表示，模块可以在远程服务器103上。在一些实施例中，服务器103可以是第三方服务器。用于与模块连接的应用程序接口(API)可以安装在用户装置106上，或者可以不安装在用户装置106上。尽管图1为了解释将模块示出为单独的部件，但是各种实施例不限于这种配置。作为非限制性示例，模块可包括在用户装置106上或在远程服务器103上运行的单个软件应用。在一些实施例中，一些模块可本地(例如，在用户装置106上)运行，其他模块可以在远程服务器103上运行。
参照特定模块，一个或多个模块110可提供地图/导航信息、交通信息和/或天气信息。这个信息可被存储在一个或多个地图/交通/天气数据库(未示出)中，并可被电动汽车接口模块112使用以与车辆31交换行程信息。在一些实施例中，可从第三方数据源(未示出)(例如，地图服务、交通服务和/或天气服务)获得这个信息。可经过包括(但不限于)话上数据、互联网等的数据通信产生这种信息交换。
在一些实施例中，模块110还可以是行程计划模块(未示出)或者可以与行程计划模块通信。在行程计划模块上实现的算法可以是诸如(但不限于)交通、道路情况(例如，但不限于上坡/下坡、泥土等)、道路类型(例如城市或高速公路)、天气的因素条件，以提供行程确定。其他非限制性的因素可包括环境友好旅行和降低碳消耗(例如碳足迹)。例如，但不限于，所述确定可包括考虑(可引起车辆使用更多电池功率的)恶劣天气。
电动汽车接口模块112可以是用于在用户装置106和车辆31之间进行信息交换的用户接口应用。作为非限制性的示例，模块112可接收并监控电池充电状态。作为另一非限制性的示例，模块112可与车辆31交换行程信息。
模块112可(经用户装置106)与一个或多个智能仪表116通信，其中，从所述智能仪表116可获得电池充电信息。智能仪表116可以是公用事业公司实施的装置，所述公用事业公司可经通信网络通过商业或居民设施测量能量消耗。智能仪表116可通过与EV供电设备104交换信息来从EV供电设备104获得充电状态。因此，智能仪表116可包括用于与EVSE 104通信的网络接口120。在一些实施例中，另外地，副仪表(未示出)可被用于能量使用监控。
电池充电状态信息可另外地或可选择地经OCU 1从电池102接收。在这个非限制性的示例中，OCU 1可使用逻辑来编程，所述逻辑用于将经过车辆网络108接收的电池充电信息翻译或转换为能够被模块112处理和解释的信息。例如，但不限于，存储在OCU 1中的查找表可被用于执行这种转换。可选择地或另外地，可在用户装置106上(例如，但不限于，通过模块112)执行转换/翻译的至少一部分。
能量使用监控模块122可监控和报告包括EVSE 104的远程位置(例如，家或办公室)内一个或多个设备的能量使用。能量使用监控器122可从智能仪表116、所述设备或者二者获得使用信息。这些一个或多个设备(未示出)可被连接在局域网(LAN)上。在一些实施例中，LAN可以是家庭局域网(HAN)。这种模块122的示例是来自微软公司的微软家庭能耗管理(HOHM)应用。
在一些实施例中，在远程位置的一些或所有设备的能量使用可作为电池的充电状态中的因素。因此，如果用户期望快速的充电，则用户可去掉一些设备。在一些实施例中，用户可另外地或可选择地推迟一些装置的使用。可从用户装置106自动对所述延迟进行编程，或者可以不从用户装置106自动对所述延迟进行编程。作为非限制性示例，用户可基于电池充电时间来调度其他设备的使用。
系统114可以是由一个或多个公用事业公司操作并且储藏(housed)在所述一个或多个公用事业公司的公用事业数据信息系统。公用事业公司可基于从公用事业公司拥有和操作的一个或多个公用电网获得的信息确定公用事业数据。公用事业数据可以是系统114中的(例如，但不限于，数据库中)存储的公用事业数据，并且例如经通信网络(例如，但不限于，PLC、BPL等)从系统114被模块122接收。在一些实施例中，可经智能仪表116接收所述数据。
图2示出车辆31的基于车辆的计算系统1(VCS)的示例方框拓扑。这种基于车辆的计算系统1的示例是福特汽车公司制造的SYNC系统。启用基于车辆的计算系统的车辆可包含位于车辆中的视觉前端接口4。例如，如果用触摸感应屏幕提供接口，则用户还可能够与接口交互。在另一示例性实施例中，通过按钮按下、可听语音和语音合成来产生所述交互。
在图2示出的说明性实施例中，处理器3控制基于车辆的计算系统的操作的至少一部分。处理器设置在车辆内，并且处理器允许命令和例程的车载处理。此外，处理器被连接到非永久性存储器5和永久性存储器7两者。在这个示例性实施例中，非永久性存储器是随机存取存储器(RAM)，永久性存储器是硬盘驱动器(HDD)或闪存。
处理器还设置有允许用户与处理器交互的多个不同输入。在这个说明性实施例中，麦克风29、(用于输入33的)辅助输入25、USB输入23、GPS输入24和蓝牙输入15都被提供。还提供输入选择器51以允许用户在各种输入之间进行交换。在到麦克风和辅助连接器二者的输入在被传送到处理器之前，由转换器27将所述输入从模拟转换为数字。尽管未示出，与VCS通信的大量的车辆部件和辅助部件可使用车辆网络(诸如，但不限于，CAN总线)来将数据传送到VCS(或其部件)，和从VCS(或其部件)传送数据。
系统的输出可包括(但不限于)视觉显示器4和扬声器13或立体声系统输出。扬声器被连接到放大器11并通过数模转换器9从处理器3接收放大器11的信号。还可沿分别在19和21示出的双向数据流生成到远程蓝牙装置(诸如PND 54)或USB装置(诸如车辆导航装置60)的输出。
在一个示例性实施例中，系统1使用蓝牙收发器15与用户的移动装置53(例如，蜂窝电话、智能电话、PDA或具有无线远程网络连接性的任何其他装置)通信17。然后，移动装置可被用于与通过例如与蜂窝塔57的通信55与车辆外的网络61进行通信59。在一些实施例中，塔57可以是WiFi接入点。
信号14代表移动装置和蓝牙收发器之间的示例性通信。
可通过按钮52或相似的输入来指示移动装置53和蓝牙收发器15之间的配对。因此，CPU被指示：车载蓝牙收发器将与移动装置中的蓝牙收发器配对。
例如，利用与移动装置53相关的数据计划、话上数据或DTMF音而在CPU 3和网络61之间传送数据。作为选择，可期望包括具有天线18的车载调制解调器63来通过语音波段在CPU 3和网络61之间传送16数据。然后，例如通过与蜂窝塔57的通信55，移动装置53可被用于与车辆31外部的网络61通信。在一些实施例中，调制解调器63可以与与塔57建立通信以与网络61通信。作为非限制性示例，调制解调器63可以是USB蜂窝调制解调器，通信20可以是蜂窝通信。
在一个示例性实施例中，处理器设置有包括API的操作系统以与调制解调器应用软件通信。调制解调器应用软件可访问蓝牙收发器中的嵌入式模块或固件以完成与(比如在游牧装置中找到的)远程蓝牙收发器的无线通信。
在另一实施例中，移动装置53包括用于语音波段或宽带数据通信的调制解调器。在话上数据实施例中，在传送数据的同时，当移动装置的所有者可与装置通话时，可实施作为频分复用已知的技术。在其他时间，当所有者不使用装置时，数据传送可使用全部带宽(在一个示例中，300Hz到3.4kHz)。
如果用户具有与移动装置有关的数据计划，则数据计划可允许宽带传输，系统可使用更宽的带宽(加速数据传送)。在另一实施例中，移动装置53被安装到车辆31中的蜂窝通信装置(未示出)代替。在另一实施例中，ND 53可以是无线局域网(LAN)装置，例如，但不限于，所述无线局域网装置能够经802.11g网络(即WiFi)或WiMax网络通信。
在一个实施例中，到来的数据可以经话上数据或者数据计划通过移动装置、通过车载蓝牙收发器，并被输入到车辆的内部处理器3。在特定临时数据的情况下，例如，数据可被存储在HDD或其他存储介质7中，直到不再需要数据的时刻。
另外的可以与车辆连接的数据源包括个人导航装置54、车辆导航装置60、车载GPS装置24或远程导航系统(未示出)，其中，所述个人导航装置54具有例如USB连接56和/或天线58，所述车辆导航装置60具有USB 62或其他连接，所述远程导航系统具有到网络61的连接。
此外，CPU能够与各种其他辅助装置65通信。这些装置可通过无线67或有线69连接来连接。辅助装置65可包括，但不限于，个人媒体播放器、无线健康装置、便携式计算机等。
此外，或者可选择地，通过使用例如WiFi 71收发器，CPU可连接到基于车辆的无线路由器73。这可以允许CPU连接到本地路由器73的范围内的远程网络。
图3示出确立用于车辆31的选择性的充电的处理。作为一个非限制性示例，选择性的充电可基于车辆充电的成本。
通过使用来自用户装置106的触觉和/或口语命令，可输入用于确立选择性的充电的指令(块300)。可通过模块112接收所述命令。在一些实施例中，可使用互联网连接来定义和确立选择性的充电。通过确立选择性的充电，车辆可基于用户输入的选择性的标准被充电。用户可以是对车辆31充电的公用服务事业用户。这可包括，但不限于，车辆所有者或者其他的车辆驾驶者。
选择性的充电标准可包括时间、价格/成本或者这些标准的组合。时间可被提供为特定时间和/或时间范围(例如，上午12点到上午6点)。此外，价格/成本可被提供为特定值、价格/成本范围和/或价格/成本的表示(例如，“$”表示低成本，“$$$$$”表示高成本)。将会理解，使用货币是为了说明目的，而不是用来进行限制。
选择性的充电标准可在用户装置106中被呈现(块302)并且由用户输入(块304)。用户识别的选择性的充电标准可包括价值充电时间段(valuecharge period)(这里也称为“价值充电窗口”(value charge window))，选择性的充电可基于价值充电时间段发生。
在一些实施例中，用户可选择默认价值充电窗口。可基于公用事业费用可能被降低的效用趋势来将默认值预编程到模块112。因此，如果用户选择了默认价值充电窗口，则模块112可在默认时间段期间对车辆31充电。
用户可输入一个或多个选择性的充电标准，所述选择性的充电标准定义多个价值充电时间段。作为一个非限制性示例，用户可输入多个时间。每个时间可以与价格/成本关联。因此，可根据用于充电的价格/成本和时间来定义多个价值充电窗口。
用户定义的一个或多个价值充电时间段可包括用户的价值充电档案。在一些实施例中，价值充电档案可与一个或多个对车辆31充电的位置关联。所述位置可基于充电站的GPS位置来识别。可选择或另外地，所述位置可由用户输入。例如，非限制地，用户可输入所述位置的地址。作为另一非限制性示例，可输入一个或多个兴趣点POI作为所述位置。在一些实施例中，所述位置可以另外地与用户定义的名称(例如“家”或“工作”)关联。正如以下将被进一步详细描述的那样，基于价值充电档案，系统101可基于最低定价的价值充电窗口来调度车辆充电，以便为用户提供车辆充电的可能的最低的成本。
价值充电窗口可包括非峰值充电时间段。通常，峰值充电时间段可能具有比非峰值充电时间段高的成本率。在用户不具有可变费率能量计划的情况下，非峰值时间段可减小能量网的压力。
用户定义的价值充电时间段可被接收并存储在存储器(块306)中。因此，价值充电窗口可被用于确定对车辆充电的时间。价值充电窗口可被存储在用户装置的存储器中，或者在一些实施例中，价值充电窗口可被存储在与车辆31以及用户装置106通信的集中化系统103上。在一些实施例中，集中化系统103可以是一个或多个服务器。
集中化系统103还可包括针对来自用户装置106的被指定与车辆31交互的输入信号(incoming signal)的处理能力。例如，服务器可包括自动呼叫服务器和/或网络主机。此外，服务器103可将到来的信号从用户装置106路由到适当的远程车辆。可以使用话上数据、数据计划或任何其他合适的方式来发送以这种方式发送的数据。一旦服务器103从用户装置106接收到到来的数据请求，则消息可被处理和/或被中继到车辆31。例如，车辆31可由与一个或多个到来的数据包关联的头识别，或者车辆31可以基于例如数据库查找表被识别。到车辆31的中继可从服务器103通过网络(例如，但不限于，蜂窝网络、互联网等)发出并被发送到车辆31。
在一些实施例中，充电的最大价格/成本可由用户来定义(块308)。在这种情况下，可基于识别的价值充电窗口对车辆充电，从而对电池充电的成本不超过最大价格/成本。在一些情况下，充电的状态基于与价值充电窗口关联的价格/成本可以不是完全充电。
最大价格/成本可由用户来定义并被输入到模块112(块310)。另外，最大价值可被存储在用户装置106的存储器中或被存储在集中化系统中(块312)。
价值充电时间段可被存储在存储器中(块314)，所述存储器可以存储或者可以不存储(如块308所表示的)最大价格/成本。此外，可以向用户呈现价值充电时间段(块316)。可响应于请求价值充电时间段的用户输入来呈现价值充电时间段。在一些实施例中，价值充电时间段可被用户修改。
图4示出基于价值充电时间段的选择性的充电的处理。用户装置106可启动选择性的充电(块400)。在一些实施例中，可响应于用户动作(诸如，但不限于，启动应用112和/或输入触摸和/或口语启动命令)启动选择性的充电。在一些实施例中，一旦启动选择性的充电，则除非停用选择性的充电，否则可以不需要再次启动选择性的充电。
可确定用户是否已经分配不充电的时间段(块402)。可使用模块112来分配和修改不充电的时间段。不充电的时间段可包括，但不限于，车辆正被使用的时间段、不可充电的时间段、和/或不期望充电的时间段。作为非限制性示例，用户可能每天上午8:00离开。因此，用户可将上午8:00设置为充电不会发生的预定离开时间，因此，可将充电设置在除了不充电时间段以外的时间段内(块404)。此外，车辆31正被充电的时间段可发生在价值充电时间段内。不充电的时间段可被分配为特定时间、时间范围或者一周中的几日、和/或一般的时间段(诸如，早晨、下午、傍晚、每日、每周、每月等)。
在一些实施例中，不充电的时间段可被模块112用作由车辆31应该被充电以至少完成往返行程的时间来定义。正如将关于图5进一步详细描述的那样，驾驶者的驾驶习惯可用于模块112的车辆充电决定(例如，但不限于，充电多少和/或什么时间充电)。
在一些实施例中，不充电的时间段可被另外地或可选择地用于定义除非完全必要否则充电不应该发生的时间。例如，定义为不充电时间段的时间段可具有高的充电价格费用(“峰值”充电)，因此，在该时间段可限制充电，除非在车辆使用之前需要限制的充电时间段来完成车辆的充电。
用于对车辆31充电的充电价格费用数据可被接收，以用于价值充电时间段(块406)。可从一个或多个公共事业公司114接收充电价格费用。在一些实施例中，可通过能量使用模块122接收充电价格费用，并且可通过模块112请求充电价格费用。价格费用数据可被接收并被存储在存储器中。在一些实施例中，如图1中的虚线所示，价格费用数据可被存储在第三方计算系统(例如，模块122运行的地方)中。此外，可周期性地接收充电价格费用数据。例如，但不限于，可每日、每周、或变化地接收所述数据。在一些实施例中，可在每次车辆充电时接收所述费用数据。
在特定时间，公用事业公司提供的价格费用数据可改变。通常，当公用事业费用改变时，公用事业客户可能不知道所述改变直到收到公用事业账单，或者公用事业客户可向公用事业提供方打电话来询问价格改变。在这种情况下，例如，如果价格改变是增加，则公用事业客户可手动调整公用事业使用，以降低公用事业成本。
如图4所示，模块112可基于接收的公用事业费用自动地确定价格费用是否已经改变，因此是否应该调整基于价值充电窗口的充电时间段(块408)。可基于价值充电窗口中的先前充电费用(例如，可存储在存储器中)与接收的充电费用数据(块406)的比较来进行确定。如果不需要调整，则可在为公用事业用户提供低成本的充电时间段对车辆充电(块422)。
否则，如果调整充电的时间段(块408)，则可基于来自公用事业信息114的价格费用来确定低成本充电的时间段(块414)。在可由用户定义最大成本(如果有的话)的情况下(块410)，可接收最大成本(块412)，并且如上所述，可确定低成本充电时间段以使该成本小于或等于最大成本(块414)。
如上所述，价值充电窗口可包括非峰值充电时间段。因此，基于价值充电窗口，可在非峰值时间段期间对车辆充电，以确保用户的低充电成本。在一些情况下，可在峰值时间段发生充电。例如，如果(例如，基于不充电时间段)在车辆被计划使用之前，在非峰值充电时间段不能完成充电，则可在峰值时间段期间完成充电。
因此，在一些情况下，可确定充电时间段是否包括高费用(例如，峰值时间)充电(块416)。如果包括，则可确定低成本充电(例如，非峰值)是否可行(块418)。例如，但不限于，如果在非峰值充电可持续的情况下当前电量足够驾驶者到达下一目的地(例如，该目的地可具有充电站)，则可进行延迟的非峰值充电。可由用户从用户装置106或车内导航系统54、60输入该目的地。在一些实施例中，可通知驾驶者在下一目的地插入车辆。
如果非峰值充电不可行，则可在峰值和非峰值充电时间段期间对车辆充电(块420)。尽管存在峰值和非峰值充电时间段，但是可对车辆充电以获得最低充电成本(块422)。
如上所述，当在非峰值时间段执行充电时(例如，在峰值时间段不对车辆充电)(块416)，则当充电成本降低时可发生车辆充电。
在一些实施例中，可在用户装置106呈现充电时间段(块424)。可响应于可听和/或触摸用户输入来呈现充电时间段。
在一些实施例中，如以下关于图6所述，用户可否决编程的选择性的充电。如果车辆被插入，则可从用户装置106(例如，使用可听和/或触摸输入)经过模块112输入指令，并且可立即对车辆充电。如果车辆没有被插入，则可将带有车辆没有被插入的警报的通知发送到用户装置106。
在一些实施例中，驾驶者的驾驶习惯可用作成本效率充电的部分。图5示出使用驾驶者的习惯作为选择性的充电处理的部分的处理。
驾驶者档案可被创建并存储在(例如，在服务器系统103或用户装置106的)存储器中。可基于驾驶行为自动创建驾驶者档案。另外地或可选择地，驾驶者档案可包括驾驶者提供的信息。
可基于车辆钥匙识别符或用户识别符与每个驾驶者关联的驾驶者档案可包括驾驶者的历史驾驶习惯。识别符可由系统101分配和/或由用户提供。例如，但不限于，用户可在用户注册处理期间提供车辆钥匙识别符或用户识别符。
在一些实施例中，可在每次车辆驾驶之后存储驾驶行为信息。作为非限制性示例，可在切断电源时存储关于车辆驾驶的信息。通过使用标识符，可检索驾驶者的驾驶行为。驾驶行为的非限制性示例可包括距离(例如，以诸如每日、每周、每年的时间段为基础)、目的地、驾驶时间、驾驶日期、驾驶风格(例如，大力刹车和加油)、驾驶地形和其他这样的行为。在一些实施例中，驾驶行为(例如，离开的时间和日期)可被用作不充电时间段的添加或替换。因此，通过使用驾驶档案(块500)，模块112可接收驾驶者的驾驶行为(块502)。
可从公用事业信息114接收充电费用(块504)。基于所述费用，可确定低成本充电时间段(块506)。如果用户提供了价值充电窗口，则可基于价值充电窗口确定低成本充电时间段。
在一些情况下，可能存在驾驶行为的改变(块508)。作为非限制性示例，用户可一次或多次驾驶到与存储在驾驶者档案中的目的地不同的另一目的地，所述另一目的地在特定时间期间被访问。在这种情况下，可基于驾驶行为改变来确定低成本充电的时间段(块510)。在一些实施例中，可针对重复的改变进行确定。在一些实施例中，可将改变存储在驾驶者档案中。
驾驶档案信息可影响车辆充电的程度。因此，在一些实施例中，车辆充电的程度可影响充电的成本。作为非限制性的示例，基于驾驶档案信息(例如，但不限于，过度大力刹车)，(与在相同车辆中经过相同距离的另一驾驶者需要的充电量相比)对于特定距离可能需要对车辆进行更长时间的充电。这样，对于驾驶者可能存在更多的峰值时间充电。
可以在低成本充电时间段对车辆充电(块512)。当然，如圆形块A所示(在图4中示出)，处理还可包括确定在哪个时间段期间(例如，峰值和/或非峰值)可对车辆充电。
在一些实施例中，可基于用户请求(例如，通过可听和/或触摸输入)在用户装置106提供驾驶建议(块514)。这些驾驶建议可涉及例如用于优化电池电量的使用的建议、用于环境友好驾驶的建议等。如果请求，则可在用户装置106将驾驶建议(块516)与充电时间段一起呈现(块518)。
图6示出用于编程的选择性的充电的否决处理。可选择地，图6示出用于立即充电能力的处理。
虽然不是必须，但是可启动选择性的充电时间段(块600)。如果启动，则用户在选择性的充电时间段可以不试图否决充电(块602)。即，用户可不选择激活立即充电。
如果激活立即充电，则可通过模块112接收立即充电的指令(块604)。如果车辆被插入，则可发生立即充电。如果车辆没有被插入(基于从车辆31接收的信息)，则在模块112可接收车辆没有被插入的通知(块608)。用户可重新指示立即充电(块604)。
然而，如果车辆被插入(块606)，则可将充电的指令从用户装置106(例如，通过模块112)发送到车辆。因此，可对车辆充电(块610)。
尽管以上示出和描述了示例性实施例，但是这些实施例并非意图示出和描述所有的可能性。相反，在说明书中使用的词语是不作为限制的描述词语，并且应该理解，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可进行各种改变。

Claims (10)

1.一种选择性地对车辆充电的计算机实现方法，所述方法包括：
在一个或多个计算机接收一个或多个车辆充电时间段；
将所述一个或多个车辆充电时间段存储在存储器中；
接收在所述一个或多个车辆充电时间段期间对车辆充电的一个或多个价格费用；
基于所述一个或多个价格费用以及车辆充电时间段，在一个或多个计算机确定一个或多个低成本充电时间段，其中，如果所述一个或多个价格费用改变，则所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段被自动调整；
在所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段的至少部分期间命令对车辆充电。
2.如权利要求1所述的计算机实现方法，还包括：将所述一个或多个车辆充电时间段存储为车辆的一个或多个充电档案。
3.如权利要求2所述的计算机实现方法，还包括：将所述一个或多个充电档案与一个或多个充电位置关联。
4.如权利要求3所述的计算机实现方法，还包括：接收限定所述一个或多个充电位置的用户输入和GPS数据中的至少一个。
5.如权利要求1所述的计算机实现方法，还包括：接收用于低成本充电的用户定义的最大价格。
6.如权利要求5所述的计算机实现方法，其中，在所述一个或多个低成本充电时间段的至少部分期间发生车辆充电，只要基于车辆能量源的充电状态的成本低于或等于用户定义的最大价格费用即可。
7.如权利要求1所述的计算机实现方法，还包括：
基于所述一个或多个价格费用以及车辆充电时间段，在一个或多个计算机确定一个或多个高成本充电时间段；
确定是否至少一部分车辆充电必须在所述一个或多个高成本充电时间段期间发生；
如果确定必须发生，则将充电指令从一个或多个计算机远程发送到车辆，以在所述一个或多个高成本充电时间段的至少部分期间启动充电。
8.如权利要求7所述的计算机实现方法，还包括：在一个或多个计算机监控一个或多个不充电时间段，在不充电时间段期间不发生充电，其中，在高成本充电时间段期间发生至少一部分车辆充电以在所述一个或多个不充电时间段之前完成充电。
9.如权利要求7所述的计算机实现方法，还包括：通过组合在低成本充电时间段和高成本充电时间段期间的充电来实现低成本充电。
10.如权利要求7所述的计算机实现方法，其中，在非峰值公用事业价格时间段期间出现低成本充电时间段，在峰值公用事业价格时间段期间出现高成本充电时间段。
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