CN102736557B - Numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument - Google Patents
Numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument belonging to NC Machine Error compensation technique field.The present invention includes: lined error compensation hardware system and software system.Hardware system as the carrier of software and execution unit, be used for realizing each functional module be connected and communicate with, data storage and man-machine interaction.Software system based on Virtual Instrument Program, for realize temperature and the pretreatment of error information signal, the modeling of machine tool error mathematical model, error information calculate in real time, data interaction between compensation system and PLC, the optimization of specialist system, self learning system optimization.The present invention adopts virtual instrument technique and software compensation technique method, collaborative work by hardware system and software system, effectively the various mismachining tolerance of Digit Control Machine Tool is realized prediction and real-Time Compensation, and robustness and the reliability of compensation system is improve according to specialist system and self learning model, have simple to operate, the feature that the suitability is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compensation system in a kind of machine tool error compensation technique field, specifically, be a kind of numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument.
Background technology
The machine industry of China, through development these years, has had very big leap.With integral production scale, the annual lathe volume of production of China has reached the peer-level of lathe big producing country.But with regard to the industrial grade of Digit Control Machine Tool, but only come in the world in second echelon.The Digit Control Machine Tool that current China produces accounts for about the 35% of the domestic Digit Control Machine Tool market share, all the other need from external import, particularly in high-end numerical control machine market, the overwhelming majority all can only produce power's import from external lathe, oneself design domestic and the high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools produced only account for about 4%, thus all take substantial amounts of foreign exchange in import high-end numerical control machine every year.Currently, along with the precision requirement of parts machining is improved constantly by modern manufacturing industry, the domestic demand to high-precision numerical control machine is increasing, as fully relied on import, high-end numerical control machine will be made under one's control in the application of China.Thus, China's manufacturing industry is further developed tool and is of great significance by the machining accuracy and the reliability index that improve domestic numerical control lathe.
Error Compensation Technology, as the effective ways improving Digit Control Machine Tool machining accuracy, is widely used in machine industry.The method that usual NC Machine Error compensates includes: the error information of test after, processing according to reality, by manually adjusting nc program；Two, the error compensation function of the available parameter setting mode of digital control system is utilized, the error information that can estimate is inputted in advance the error compensation setting option (such as back clearance compensation, pitch compensation and knife bar compensation etc.) of correspondence, in reality is processed, digital control system is included these error terms preset in process computation and is compensated.And the Real Time Error Compensation Technique of Digit Control Machine Tool is at present at home also in laboratory stage, even if producing power at lathe, in its factory and enterprise, the example of high volume applications is still seldom, and relevant error compensation system research is also far from reaching business-like degree.Although also having document to propose different types of compensation device, but in actual use due to the complexity of machine tooling, the actual application implementation scope of application be less, it is difficult to carrying out extending and promote.Therefore, the development of China's high-end numerical control machine is very necessary and useful by the system of the NC Machine Error real-Time Compensation that research and development are suitable for polymorphic type, many specifications, multi items.
Through prior art literature retrieval is found, Chinese Patent Application No.: 200410093428.1, patent name is: based on the real-time error compensator for numerical control machine tool of lathe exterior coordinate system biasing.The structure of the real-Time Compensation device provided according to this invention and principle, the framework scheme of a kind of real-time error compensator for numerical control machine tool based on the biasing of lathe exterior coordinate system of paper.The SCM Based data processing centre of this compensator, structure adopts computing module, CNC interface and motion-control module, sensor and transmitting module, being capable of computing and compensating for of Thermal Error, error model is then be modeled analyzing and being finally putting into computing module by outer computer.But, owing to the actual processing of Digit Control Machine Tool is subject to the impact of various internal and external factors, adopt fixing mathematical model to be input in single-chip microcomputer and perform error amount calculating easily produce deviation.Additionally, single-chip microcomputer is less due to chip capacity, it is impossible to set up self learning system and database, and outer computer cannot be departed from and carry out Independent modeling calculating and analysis.Chinese Patent Application No.: 200710045903.1, patent name is: digital control machine tool positioning error real-time compensation device.The structure of the real-time compensation apparatus provided according to this invention and principle, a kind of lathe location error compensation device being integrated with computing module, temperature sensor collection and transmitting module, numerical control interface control module of paper, adopt the data interaction between the PMC of Digit Control Machine Tool, realize the compensation work of position error, but, this invention is utilize the mathematical model preset to carry out offset value calculation equally, and model also cannot carry out training and the correction of self study in actual use.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of existing NC Machine Error compensation device, provide a kind of numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, can integrated Model fitting and correction, data prediction and go interfere, the functions such as real-time error compensation and historical data base construction, it is effectively improved the machining accuracy of Digit Control Machine Tool, the compensation system making the present invention is simple to operate, the suitability is wide, the error compensation demand of polytype Digit Control Machine Tool can be met, the research work promoted for the practical of numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation and commercialization has practical significance.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and the present invention includes: lined error compensation hardware system and the software system based on Virtual Instrument Program.Hardware system is as the carrier of virtual instrument software and execution unit, for realizing being connected and communicate with between each functional module, data storage and man-machine interaction.Software system adopts based on the programming mode of virtual instrument, for realize temperature and the pretreatment of error information signal, the modeling of machine tool error mathematical model, error information calculate in real time, data interaction between compensation system and PLC, the optimization of specialist system, self learning system optimization.Collaborative work by hardware system and software system, it is achieved the real-time online of NC Machine Error compensates.
Described lined error compensation hardware system mainly includes industrial computer, touch display, resistance temperature detector, eddy displacement sensor, temperature conversion module, displacement transducer transmitting module, A/D translation function card, data interaction function card.Industrial computer is connected with touch display by video line and USB line, is connected with temperature conversion module by 485 communication interfaces, adopts pci bus mode to be connected with data interaction function card and A/D translation function card, builds the basic platform of hardware system；Touch display can realize human-computer interaction function, and user can input on touch display and read data；Resistance temperature detector is placed in the thermal source of lathe and position occurs, and is connected with temperature conversion module by shielded cable, is resistance change by the temperature transition of hot source point；Temperature conversion module then completes the identification to thermal resistance change in resistance, is changed by signal filtering, amplification and A/D, is binary data form by the heat source temperature transformation of data of collection, and by RS485 communication mode, transfers data to industrial computer one end；Eddy displacement sensor connects displacement transducer transmitting module by shielded cable, and eddy displacement sensor respectively controls the actual error value of axle for measuring lathe, the collection of error information sample during for Machining modeling；Displacement transducer transmitting module is for being undertaken nursing one's health and amplifying by the signal that eddy displacement sensor exports, and changes output d. c. voltage signal；The analog-signal transitions that displacement transducer transmitting module exports is be available for the digital signal of computer disposal by A/D translation function card, and transfers data to industrial computer one end by pci bus.Data interaction function card one end realizes communication by pci bus and industrial computer, and other end parallel port data/address bus is connected to the I/O expansion module of the PLC of digital control system, it is achieved with the data interaction of machine tool numerical control system.
Described data interaction function card, refers to: Digit Control Machine Tool respectively controls axle absolute coordinate position input card and controls axis error offset output card.Digit Control Machine Tool is respectively controlled axle absolute coordinate position input card and is connected with the digital-quantity output interface of the I/O expansion module of lathe PLC by parallel port data wire, PLC reads lathe by window function and respectively controls the current absolute coordinate position of axle, again through its digital-quantity output interface, coordinate figure is sent to absolute coordinate position input card；The error compensation data of current each axle is then sent to the digital-quantity input interface of the I/O expansion module of lathe PLC by industrial computer by error compensation value output card, by PLC, offset data delivered to machine tool numerical control system processor end, and the exterior mechanical initial point offset functions activating lathe realizes real-time error compensation.
The described programming mode based on virtual instrument, refer to: adopt LabVIEW graphical programming language as programming tool, build based on the data interaction platform of virtual instrument and specialist system, and realize data prediction, lathe mathematical model automatic modeling by software, control the functional module that axis error calculates and the data interaction of lathe PLC, the optimization of specialist system and self study data base identification and optimization etc. are independent.
The pretreatment of described temperature and error information signal, refers to: the temperature data gathered is carried out decouplingization and processes, and eliminates the model brought due to temperature test point dependency and calculates error；The error information gathered is carried out zero-mean process, then carries out the error that tranquilization process, Removing Random No and machine tool system noise cause again.Temperature data and error information are integrated, it determines test data are also automatically saved in expert system database and self study data base by error susceptible orientation.
The modeling of described machine tool error mathematical model, its method is:
First, according to space homogeneous coordinate transformation principle, build machine tool reference coordinate system, and by the closing vector chain of connection between cutter and workpiece, build the theoretical calculation formula of lathe synthetic error mathematical model.
Then, adopt error elements modeling technique, according to error susceptible orientation, it is modeled for the error elements affecting machine finish, have employed the modeling method based on time series algorithm, and in conjunction with the verification of Orthogonal Experiment and Design modeling, it is contemplated that the external condition of temperature acquisition system noise minimization and environmental change minimization, build the mathematical model of each error elements.
Finally, the each error elements mathematical model built is stored automatically in the mathematical model of specialist system and selects in storehouse, model coefficient is stored in the history data store data base of self learning system, the error mathematic model of structure can by the training of self learning system and correction real-time optimization.
nullDescribed error information calculates in real time，Refer to: in lathe actual production，According to machine tool structure type、Parameter is arranged and processing conditions、The composite factor of ambient temperature，Automatically the mathematical model calling specialist system selects the mathematical model being suitable in storehouse and adjusts gain coefficient，With temperature conversion module, the real time temperature data of sensitive hot source point are imported error mathematic model，Respectively control axle absolute coordinate position input card by Digit Control Machine Tool simultaneously and coordinate figure information is also introduced into mode input end，Error elements identification decision condition according to mathematical model and computing formula，Error compensation system automatically identifies sensitive error elements item，And calculate current each offset controlling axle operation，Calculated offset is stored in the error compensation value output buffer area of specialist system automatically according to error elements type，Send into after threshold determination and service condition judge and control axis error offset output card.
Data interaction between described compensation system and PLC, refer to: first, lathe PLC reads lathe by window function and respectively controls the current absolute coordinate position of axle, parallel port communication pattern is adopted to be sent in error compensator, coordinate position data is sent into the laggard row decoding of specialist system and data judging by compensator, is then fed into the input of mathematical model；Second, the offset after error mathematic model calculates, by parallel port communication pattern, it is sent to PLC one end, PLC is stored in after decoding in offset memory block.
The optimization of described specialist system, refer to: based on Virtual Instrument Program, build the supplemental characteristic retrieval table of machine tool error model, mathematical model selects storehouse, Machine-settings table, proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table and error compensation value output buffer area, distinctive mark position output buffer, specialist system interactive interface.Wherein, supplemental characteristic retrieval table is for building the data base of machine tool structure type parameter, and its content includes machine tool type, machine tool reference co-ordinate system location, pure mathematics model homogeneous coordinate transformation parameter, temperature acquisition system noise minimization condition parameter, ambient temperature effect minimization parameter；Mathematical model selects storehouse for retrieving the information of table according to supplemental characteristic, selects the error compensation computation model being suitable for, and mathematical model selects the mathematical model in storehouse to be obtained by training and the optimization of specialist system；Machine-settings table is for retrieving the actual machined parameters adding input in man-hour of lathe, related processing parameters is inputted by operator when system initialization, and error elements and error source are carried out coefficient correction by the retrieval result according to Machine-settings table by error compensation mathematical model；Proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table compensate the error elements item gain coefficient in mathematical model for alignment error, and the result according to temperature acquisition system noise minimization condition parameter and ambient temperature effect minimization parameter, the proportionality coefficient of round-off error element computing formula, for improving the accuracy of computing formula；Error compensation value output buffer area is for depositing each offset controlling axle obtained after model calculates；Distinctive mark position output buffer compensates the distinctive mark position of system definition for exporting, and by mode of operation agreement set in advance between PLC, monitors the enforcement compensating function；Specialist system interactive interface is connected with the data-interface of self learning system for specialist system, and the retrieval information of specialist system is exported self learning system.
The optimization of described self learning system, refers to: based on Virtual Instrument Program, builds history data store data base, self study correcting module, self learning system interactive interface.History data store storehouse is for depositing heat source temperature and controlling the history modeling data of axis error, and can preserve that lathe is actual adds the input parameter value in man-hour, coordinate position value and temperature data value in real time；Self study correction model is for contrast according to the temperature of Real-time Collection, machined parameters information and coordinate information and historical data in synchronizing thread and analysis, the coefficient of continuous round-off error element model computing formula, and automatically save revised model, self study correcting module is by contrasting the error ratio of new and old model, import in specialist system by revised model system after reaching setting threshold value, it is thus able to improve well robustness and the adaptability of model, thus improving precision and the reliability of this lathe real-time error compensation system；Self learning system interactive interface connects for the specialist system interactive interface with specialist system.
The present invention software compensation technique error compensation modeling technique with based on virtual instrument is applied to the real-time error compensation of Digit Control Machine Tool, the shortcoming solving usual error compensation data input prediction difference, and overcome former compensation device, due to the restricted problem of chip computing capability and capacity, in actual use model can not be carried out the training of self study and the defect of correction, simultaneously because have employed computer based hardware systems and the soft project framework based on virtual instrument, it is capable of complete data exchange capability, and the data retrieval function of various ways is provided, the design level valuable reference information of offer of Digit Control Machine Tool and effective analysis means are provided for lathe producer simultaneously further.This system adopts the hardware system that computer and function card, functional module combine, matching and the Real-time Error of using the software desk Implementation error mathematic model based on virtual instrument calculate, and robustness and the reliability of modeler model can be increased according to specialist system and self learning system, effectively the processing on real-time of lathe is carried out error prediction and compensation, improves the machining accuracy of lathe.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hardware system structure schematic diagram that the present invention compensates system
Fig. 2 is the software system structure schematic diagram that the present invention compensates system
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are illustrated.The present embodiment is carried out under premised on inventive technique scheme, gives detailed embodiment and detailed process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The hardware system structure of the real-time error compensation system of the present invention is as it is shown in figure 1, include: on industrial computer 1, touch display 2, resistance temperature detector 3, temperature conversion module 4,485 communication interface 5, eddy displacement sensor 6, displacement transducer transmitting module 7, A/D translation function card 8, coordinate position input card 9, offset output card 10, Digit Control Machine Tool CNC system 11, lathe PLC12, I/O expansion module 13, digital-quantity input interface 14, digital-quantity output interface 15, lathe, heat source position 16, machine tool motion control axle 17.
The specific implementation process of the present embodiment hardware system is as follows:
1. industrial computer 1 is connected with touch display 2 by video line and USB line, it is connected with temperature conversion module 4 by 485 communication interfaces 5, adopt pci bus mode to be connected with A/D translation function card 8, coordinate position input card 9 and offset output card 10, build hardware system platform.
2. touch display 2 is used for realizing man-machine interaction, and operator can input on touch display and read data.
3. resistance temperature detector 3 is placed on lathe heat source position 16, and is connected with temperature conversion module 4 by shielded cable, is that resistance changes by the temperature transition of hot source point.
4. temperature conversion module 4 completes the identification to thermal resistance change in resistance, is changed by signal filtering, amplification and A/D, is binary data form by the heat source temperature transformation of data of collection, and by 485 communication interfaces 5, transfers data in industrial computer 1.
5. eddy displacement sensor 6 connects displacement transducer transmitting module 7 by shielded cable, and eddy displacement sensor 6 controls the actual error value of axle 17 for measuring machine bed motion, the collection of error information sample when completing Machining modeling.
6. displacement transducer transmitting module 7 carries out nursing one's health and amplifying for the signal exported by eddy displacement sensor 6, and changes output d. c. voltage signal.
The analog-signal transitions that displacement transducer transmitting module 7 is exported by 7.A/D translation function card 8 is be available for the digital signal of computer disposal, and is transferred data in industrial computer 1 by pci bus.
8. coordinate position input card 9 is connected with the digital-quantity output interface 15 of the I/O expansion module 13 of lathe PLC12 by parallel port data wire, lathe PLC12 crosses window function and reads machine tool motion from Digit Control Machine Tool CNC system 11 and control the current absolute coordinate position of axle 17, again through digital-quantity output interface 15, coordinate figure is sent to absolute coordinate position input card.
9. offset output card 10 is connected with the digital-quantity input interface 14 of the I/O expansion module 13 of lathe PLC12 by parallel port data wire, the error compensation data of current each axle is sent to the digital-quantity input interface 14 of lathe PLC12 by industrial computer 1 by error compensation value output card 10, by lathe PLC12, offset data is delivered in Digit Control Machine Tool CNC system 11 again, and the exterior mechanical initial point offset functions activating lathe realizes error compensation.
The software system structure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2, including: temperature and error information signal pre-processing module 1, specialist system 2, self learning system 3, error mathematic model modeling subsystem 4, Machine-settings table 5, supplemental characteristic retrieval table 6, mathematical model selects storehouse 7, proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table 8, specialist system interactive interface 9, the real-time computing module 10 of error information, error compensation value output buffer area 11, distinctive mark position output buffer 12, self study correcting module 13, self learning system interactive interface 14, history data store data base 15, PLC16, offset memory block 17, coordinate figure memory block 18, CNC19.
The specific implementation process of the present embodiment software system is as follows:
1. the modeling procedure of error compensation system
(1) temperature sensor and displacement transducer collecting temperature data and lathe respectively is adopted respectively to control the error information of axle, it is then introduced into temperature and error information signal pre-processing module 1, temperature sampling value carries out decouplingization process, eliminate the error owing to temperature test point dependency brings；Error sampled value is carried out zero-mean process and tranquilization processes, the error that Removing Random No and machine tool system noise cause.Then temperature data and error information are integrated, it determines test data are also automatically saved in specialist system 2 and self learning system 3 by error susceptible orientation；
(2) employing is manually entered the mode automatically entered with system, the information such as machine tool type, machine tool reference co-ordinate system location, pure mathematics model homogeneous coordinate transformation parameter, temperature acquisition system noise minimization condition parameter, ambient temperature effect minimization parameter will be included and import supplemental characteristic retrieval table 6, and condition setting when being supplied to error mathematic model modeling subsystem 4 for modeling；
(3) operator input related processing parameters and import Machine-settings table 5, and error elements and error source are carried out coefficient correction according to the retrieval result of Machine-settings table 5 by error mathematic model modeling subsystem 4；
(4) modeling process of error mathematic model modeling subsystem 4: first, according to space homogeneous coordinate transformation principle, build machine tool reference coordinate system, and by the closing vector chain of connection between cutter and workpiece, build the theoretical calculation formula of lathe synthetic error mathematical model.Then, adopt error elements modeling technique, according to error susceptible orientation, it is modeled for the error elements affecting machine finish, have employed the modeling method based on time series algorithm, and in conjunction with the verification of Orthogonal Experiment and Design modeling, it is contemplated that temperature acquisition system noise minimization and two external conditions of environmental change minimization in supplemental characteristic retrieval table 6, build the mathematical model of each error elements.Finally, each error elements mathematical model of structure is stored automatically in the mathematical model of specialist system and selects in storehouse, storehouse 7, and model coefficient is stored in self learning system 3, the error mathematic model of structure can by the training of self learning system 3 and correction real-time optimization.
2. the enforcement step of real-time error compensation
(1) the machine tool structure type, parameter setting and the composite factor such as processing conditions, ambient temperature that set in table 6 is retrieved according to supplemental characteristic, call what mathematical model selected to be suitable in storehouse 7 mathematical model, and adjust gain coefficient according to Machine-settings table 5 and proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table 8；
(2) PLC16 respectively controls the current absolute coordinate position of axle by window function from CNC19 reading lathe, put in the coordinate figure memory block 18 of PLC16, it is sent to the laggard row decoding of specialist system 2 and data judging by parallel port communication, is then fed into the input of the real-time computing module 10 of error information.Meanwhile, temperature data is also introduced into the input of the real-time computing module 10 of error information；
(3) the real-time computing module 10 of error information is according to temperature and location coordinate information, automatically identify sensitive error elements item, and calculate current each offset controlling axle, calculated offset is stored in error compensation value output buffer area 11 automatically, by parallel port communication pattern, offset is sent in the offset memory block 17 of PLC16, PLC16 activates exterior mechanical initial point offset functions, make CNC19 call each offset data controlling axle in offset memory block 17, and realize compensating.
3. the implementation of Expert System Optimization
(1) building lathe parameter data retrieval table 6, its content includes machine tool type, machine tool reference co-ordinate system location, pure mathematics model homogeneous coordinate transformation parameter, temperature acquisition system noise minimization condition parameter, ambient temperature effect minimization parameter；
(2) mathematical model selects storehouse 7 for retrieving the information of table according to supplemental characteristic, selects the error compensation computation model being suitable for, and mathematical model selects the mathematical model in storehouse to be obtained by training and the optimization of specialist system 2；
(3) Machine-settings table 5 is for retrieving the actual machined parameters adding input in man-hour of lathe, related processing parameters is inputted by operator when system initialization, and error elements and error source are carried out coefficient correction by the retrieval result according to Machine-settings table by error mathematic model modeling subsystem 4；
(4) proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table 8 select the error elements item gain coefficient of selected model in storehouse 7 for adjusting mathematical model, and the result according to temperature acquisition system noise minimization condition parameter and ambient temperature effect minimization parameter, the proportionality coefficient of round-off error element computing formula, for improving the accuracy of computing formula；
(5) error compensation value output buffer area 11 is for depositing each offset controlling axle obtained after the real-time computing module 10 of error information calculates；
(6) distinctive mark position output buffer 12 is for exporting the distinctive mark position compensating system definition, by mode of operation agreement set in advance between PLC16, monitors the enforcement compensating function；
(7) specialist system interactive interface 9 is used for connecting specialist system 2 and self learning system 3, and the retrieval information of specialist system 2 is output to self learning system 3, optimization information and systematic parameter and is then imported in specialist system 2 by self learning system 3.
3. the implementation that self learning system optimizes
(1) temperature that self study correcting module 13 is used in synchronizing thread according to Real-time Collection, the contrast of machined parameters information and coordinate information and historical data and analysis, constantly revise mathematical model and select the computing formula of each error elements model in storehouse 7, and automatically save revised model, self study correcting module 13 is by contrasting the error ratio of new and old model, import in specialist system 2 by revised model system after reaching setting threshold value, it is thus able to improve well robustness and the adaptability of model, thus improving precision and the reliability of real-time error compensation system；
(2) history data store data base 15 is for storage temperature and the history modeling data controlling axis error, and can preserve that lathe is actual adds the input parameter value in man-hour, coordinate position value and temperature data value in real time；
(3) self learning system interactive interface 14 is used for connecting self learning system 3 and specialist system 2, and information and systematic parameter after being optimized by self study correcting module 13 import in specialist system 2.
Claims (9)
1. the numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that the software system by lined error compensation hardware system with based on virtual instrument is constituted: hardware system is as the carrier of software and execution unit, for realizing being connected and communicate with between each functional module, data storage and man-machine interaction；Software system is based on Virtual Instrument Program, for realizing temperature and the pretreatment of error information signal, the modeling of machine tool error mathematical model, error information calculates in real time, data interaction between compensation system and PLC, by building the supplemental characteristic retrieval table of machine tool error model, mathematical model selects storehouse, Machine-settings table, proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table and error compensation value export buffer area, distinctive mark position output buffer, specialist system interactive interface realizes the optimization of specialist system, by building history data store data base, self study correcting module, self learning system interactive interface realizes the optimization of self learning system；Collaborative work by hardware system and software system, it is achieved the real-time online of NC Machine Error compensates；
Described lined error compensation hardware system includes: industrial computer, touch display, resistance temperature detector, eddy displacement sensor, temperature conversion module, displacement transducer transmitting module, A/D translation function card, data interaction function card；Industrial computer is connected with touch display by video line and USB line, is connected with temperature conversion module with 485 communication interfaces, adopts pci bus mode to be connected with data interaction function card and A/D translation function card；Touch display is used for realizing man-machine interaction, and user can input on touch display and read data；Resistance temperature detector is placed in lathe heat source position, and is connected with temperature conversion module by shielded cable, and heat source temperature is changed into resistance change；Temperature conversion module completes the identification to thermal resistance change in resistance, is changed by signal filtering, amplification and A/D, temperature data is changed into binary format data, and by RS485 communication mode, transfers data to industrial computer；Eddy displacement sensor connects displacement transducer transmitting module by shielded cable, respectively controls the actual error value of axle for measuring lathe；Displacement transducer transmitting module is for being undertaken nursing one's health and amplifying by the signal that eddy displacement sensor exports, and changes output d. c. voltage signal；The analog-signal transitions that displacement transducer transmitting module exports is be available for the digital signal of computer disposal by A/D translation function card, and transfers data to industrial computer by pci bus；Data interaction function card realizes communication by pci bus and industrial computer, and other end parallel port data/address bus is connected to the I/O expansion module of the PLC of digital control system, it is achieved with the data interaction of machine tool numerical control system.
2. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that described data interaction function card refers to: include Digit Control Machine Tool and respectively control axle absolute coordinate position input card and control axis error offset output card；Digit Control Machine Tool is respectively controlled axle absolute coordinate position input card and is connected with the digital-quantity output interface of the I/O expansion module of lathe PLC by parallel port data wire, PLC reads lathe by window function and respectively controls the current absolute coordinate position of axle, again through its digital-quantity output interface, coordinate figure is sent to absolute coordinate position input card；The error compensation data of current each axle is then sent to the digital-quantity input interface of the I/O expansion module of lathe PLC by industrial computer by error compensation value output card, by PLC, offset data delivered to machine tool numerical control system processor end, and the exterior mechanical initial point offset functions activating lathe realizes real-time error compensation.
3. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that, described software system, based on Virtual Instrument Program, refers to: adopts LabVIEW graphical programming language as programming tool, builds the data interaction platform based on virtual instrument and specialist system.
4. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that the pretreatment of described temperature and error information signal refers to: to temperature sampling data decouplingization, eliminate the error owing to temperature test point dependency brings；Error sampled data is carried out zero-mean and tranquilization processes, the error that Removing Random No and machine tool system noise cause；Temperature data and error information are integrated, it determines error susceptible orientation, and test data are automatically saved in specialist system and self learning system.
5. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that, the modeling of described machine tool error mathematical model, refer to: first, according to space homogeneous coordinate transformation principle, build machine tool reference coordinate system, and by the closing vector chain of connection between cutter and workpiece, build the theoretical calculation formula of lathe synthetic error mathematical model；Then, adopt error elements modeling technique, according to error susceptible orientation, it is modeled for the error elements affecting machine finish, adopt the modeling method based on time series algorithm, and in conjunction with the verification of Orthogonal Experiment and Design modeling, it is considered to the external condition of temperature acquisition system noise minimization and environmental change minimization, build the mathematical model of each error elements；Finally, the each error elements mathematical model built is stored automatically in the mathematical model of specialist system and selects in storehouse, model coefficient is stored in the history data store data base of self learning system, the error mathematic model of structure can by the training of self learning system and correction real-time optimization.
null6. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument，It is characterized in that，Described error information calculates in real time，Refer to: according to machine tool structure type、Parameter is arranged and processing conditions、The composite factor of ambient temperature，Automatically the mathematical model calling specialist system selects the applicable models in storehouse and adjusts gain coefficient，Real time temperature data are imported error mathematic model，Respectively control axle absolute coordinate position input card by Digit Control Machine Tool simultaneously and coordinate figure is also introduced into model，Error elements identification decision condition according to mathematical model and computing formula，Error compensation system automatically identifies sensitive error elements item，And calculate current each offset controlling axle operation，The offset of gained is stored in the error compensation value output buffer area of specialist system automatically according to error elements type，Send into after threshold determination and service condition judge and control axis error offset output card.
7. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that, the described data interaction between compensation system and PLC, refer to: first, lathe PLC reads lathe by window function and respectively controls the current absolute coordinate position of axle, adopting parallel port communication pattern to be sent in error compensator, coordinate position data is sent into the laggard row decoding of specialist system and data judging by compensator, is then fed into the input of mathematical model；Second, the offset after error mathematic model calculates, by parallel port communication pattern, it is sent to PLC end, PLC is stored in after decoding in offset memory block.
8. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that, the described supplemental characteristic retrieval table by building machine tool error model, mathematical model selects storehouse, Machine-settings table, proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table and error compensation value export buffer area, distinctive mark position output buffer, specialist system interactive interface realizes the optimization of specialist system, refer to: based on Virtual Instrument Program, build the supplemental characteristic retrieval table of machine tool error model, mathematical model selects storehouse, Machine-settings table, proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table and error compensation value export buffer area, distinctive mark position output buffer, specialist system interactive interface；Wherein, supplemental characteristic retrieval table is for building the data base of machine tool structure type parameter, and its content includes machine tool type, machine tool reference co-ordinate system location, pure mathematics model homogeneous coordinate transformation parameter, temperature acquisition system noise minimization condition parameter, ambient temperature effect minimization parameter；Mathematical model selects storehouse for retrieving the information of table according to supplemental characteristic, selects the error compensation computation model being suitable for, and mathematical model selects the mathematical model in storehouse to be obtained by training and the optimization of specialist system；Machine-settings table is for retrieving the actual machined parameters adding input in man-hour of lathe, related processing parameters is inputted by operator when system initialization, and error elements and error source are carried out coefficient correction by the retrieval result according to Machine-settings table by error compensation mathematical model；Proportionality coefficient and gain coefficient retrieval table compensate the error elements item gain coefficient in mathematical model for alignment error, and the result according to temperature acquisition system noise minimization condition parameter and ambient temperature effect minimization parameter, the proportionality coefficient of round-off error element computing formula, for improving the accuracy of computing formula；Error compensation value output buffer area is for depositing each offset controlling axle obtained after model calculates；Distinctive mark position output buffer compensates the distinctive mark position of system definition for exporting, and by mode of operation agreement set in advance between PLC, monitors the enforcement compensating function；Specialist system interactive interface is connected with the data-interface of self learning system for specialist system, and the retrieval information of specialist system is exported self learning system.
9. according to the claim 1 numerical control machine tool error real-time compensation based on virtual instrument, it is characterized in that, described by building history data store data base, self study correcting module, self learning system interactive interface realize the optimization of self learning system, refer to: based on Virtual Instrument Program, build history data store data base, self study correcting module, self learning system interactive interface；History data store data base is for depositing heat source temperature and controlling the history modeling data of axis error, and can preserve that lathe is actual adds the input parameter value in man-hour, coordinate position value and temperature data value in real time；Self study correction model is for contrast according to the temperature of Real-time Collection, machined parameters information and coordinate information and historical data in synchronizing thread and analysis, the coefficient of continuous round-off error element model computing formula, and automatically save revised model, self study correcting module, by contrasting the error ratio of new and old model, imports in specialist system by revised model system after reaching setting threshold value；Self learning system interactive interface is used for connecting self learning system and specialist system, the information after self study correcting module optimization and systematic parameter is imported in specialist system.
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