CN102621702B - Method and system for naked eye three dimensional (3D) image generation during unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixels - Google Patents

Method and system for naked eye three dimensional (3D) image generation during unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixels Download PDF

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CN102621702B
CN102621702B CN 201210048719 CN201210048719A CN102621702B CN 102621702 B CN102621702 B CN 102621702B CN 201210048719 CN201210048719 CN 201210048719 CN 201210048719 A CN201210048719 A CN 201210048719A CN 102621702 B CN102621702 B CN 102621702B
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pixel
subgraph
liquid crystal
cloth
crystal display
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CN102621702A (en
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刘维慧
邓立苗
李鹏
费继扬
周强
王学水
张鲁殷
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for naked eye three-dimensional (3D) image generation during unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixels. Corresponding pixels are extracted according to the method that physical address of a pixel extracted from a kth a two-dimensional (2D) subpicture is that (i-1) *3N + (i+8-k) %n + n *j+1 (I =1,2...an integer of M, j=0, 1, 2...an integer of N/2-1, n is the number of eye fixations score, % refers to complementation) from a plurality of pictures with resolution ratio of M * N and parallax error so as to be synthetized to be a three-dimensional picture. The method includes the following steps: selectively extracting physical address and gray value of a required pixel from each 2D subpicture according to a corresponding formula, enabling sub-pixels of a pixel of an identical 2D subpicture to become oblique arrangement at a certain angle, and synthetizing a 3D subpicture on the condition that the two variables are kept unchanged. With the aid of the rule that inclination angles of concave-cylinder grating in a display system and the extracted pixel are equal, light split display is performed, and a naked eye image display area with a plurality of points of sight can be generated in space. The method resolves the problem of image display chaos when sub-pixel arrangement sequence of the liquid crystal display pixels is BGR arrangement and is easy and practicable in operation.

Description

The bore hole 3D rendering generates method and system during the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of generation method and system of multi-viewpoint stereo image, and described display system can be used for stereotelevision, 3 D plane advertisement etc.Belong to TV tech and image thereof and show process field.
Background technology
Along with the development of stereo display technique, 3-D display is universalness more and more in daily life.Present stereo display technique mainly contains spectacle, bore hole formula, body demonstration etc., wherein eyeglass stereoscopic display technique industrialization, but owing to there are many drawbacks, the 3D glasses can bring apparent in view discomfort to the face organ when watching the 3D program, particularly serious especially for the A nearsighted person, so bore hole formula stereo display technique has obtained great concern immediately.Because bore hole formula stereo display technique has been broken away from the constraint of glasses, watches the comfort level height, hold susceptible to user acceptancely, domestic and international famous scientific research institution is all carrying out relevant technical research and product development with enterprise.
The ultimate principle of the bore hole stereo display technique of main flow is to demonstrate the stereo-picture with parallax at liquid crystal display, utilize slit grating or lens pillar to cut apart device as parallax then, beholder's right and left eyes can receive the stereo-picture with parallax, and synthetic at human brain, produce stereo perception.In this display technique, after the grating design is finished, generate the bore hole 3D rendering that matches by software, show at liquid crystal display, produce stereoeffect.
The pixel arrangement mode of liquid crystal display and order are the bases that grating design and signal generate.At present known technical scheme is based on conventional rgb pixel more and puts in order and carry out, and the pixel that extracts from identical original 2D subgraph in the stereographic map that generates arranges with vertical direction.Though but the simple change resolution of horizontal direction and vertical direction that makes easily of this arrangement mode is unbalance, after the front adds grating, produces serious Morie fringe, thereby influence picture quality.The arrangement of subpixels mode of considering some liquid crystal display simultaneously is not the RGB order, may be that BGR or GBR arrange, be in the actual production technology, because the change of other component position, must meet factors such as complete machine structure design standards, the liquid crystal display of RGB order often is inverted use, and at this moment pixel order has become BGR.In this case, if still carry out the synthetic of stereographic map in the manner described above, then the color of stereotome can be unusual, and perhaps stereo-picture shows entanglement, can't obtain correct stereo perception.
Based on this, this case proposes a kind of bore hole 3D implementation method and system of the liquid crystal display for the pixel specific arrangement.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of pixel extraction and synthetic method by 2D picture generation 3D picture, be applicable to the many viewpoints bore hole stereo-liquid crystal display device under the unconventional arrangement condition of pixel.Introduced the basic structure of multi-viewpoint three-dimensional display system under this method simultaneously.
Be the color exception problem that the unconventional arrangement that solves some liquid crystal display pixel causes, the invention provides a kind of method that generates stereotome.
The resolution of supposing every width of cloth 2D subgraph is M * N, and the present invention is that elementary cell is got point operation with the red, green, blue sub-pixel at this, and will number by every width of cloth 2D subgraph that certain visual angle generates in proper order.
At first, be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+7) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 1 first width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % represents complementation) gray-scale value of sub-pixel, be placed in identical first width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+6) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 2 second width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel, be placed in identical second width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+5) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 3 the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel, be placed in identical the 3rd width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+4) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 4 the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel, be placed in identical the 4th width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+3) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 5 the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel, be placed in identical the 5th width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+2) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from being numbered 6 the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel, be placed in identical the 6th width of cloth 3D subgraph to be generated of physical address; By that analogy, the physical address of k width of cloth 2D pixel that subgraph extracts should be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8-k) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % represents complementation).Notice that simultaneously the gray-scale value of the physical address that does not read in the 3D subgraph that generates is zero from the 2D subgraph.
Further, in order, read the non-vanishing pixel of gray-scale value in every width of cloth 3D subgraph, put it in the identical stereotome to be generated of physical address, be about to n width of cloth 3D subgraph and merge, generate the stereotome of a width of cloth n viewpoint.
Further, the liquid crystal display pixel drive unit reads stereotome respective pixel gray-scale value and shows.Carry out light splitting by the column mirror grating before the screen, just can produce the stereo-picture viewing area with n viewpoint in the space.
For this reason, the stereotome display system of the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel that is applicable to provided by the present invention comprises:
2D image storage module stores by many lens shootings or several 2D subgraphs of obtaining by a plurality of camera lenses of 3D software simulation;
Show that for raster pattern (post lenticulation or slit grating) stereo display of many viewpoints bore hole at first needs to prepare the different 2D subgraph of several contents.These 2D subgraphs are Same Scene that the anthropomorphic dummy watches at diverse location, adopt many lens shootings or generate by a plurality of camera lenses of 3D software simulation to obtain.Scene is identical but variant slightly on the display view angle between several 2D subgraphs.By rationally setting up camera lens to distance, the camera lens height of photographed scene, and the angle between the camera lens, obtaining several 2D subgraphs, parallax meets the human eye physiological characteristic between adjacent two width of cloth 2D subgraphs, parallax is excessive or too small, can not produce comfortable stereo perception to the beholder.Camera lens sets up structure as shown in Figure 2.
2D subgraph pixel extraction module extracts information needed and generates corresponding 3D subgraph from each width of cloth 2D subgraph.All pixel values that are not every width of cloth 2D subgraph have contribution to it.Therefore, need extract the gray-scale value of required pixel according to corresponding algorithm to every width of cloth 2D subgraph, give up the value of information useless to this algorithm.In addition, also necessarily require all 2D subgraphs to have identical resolution with the final 3D rendering that generates.The resolution of supposing the 2D subgraph is M*N, and so the resolution of He Cheng 3D figure is M*N also, is n if watch the viewpoint number, and then the pixel count that will extract in every width of cloth 2D subgraph is M*N/n.
If produce n viewpoint stereo-picture, then the content of view picture stereo-picture comes from n width of cloth 2D subgraph, and the pixel order in every width of cloth 2D subgraph is arranged according to row.The extraction rule is that the physical address of k width of cloth 2D pixel that subgraph extracts should be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8-k) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % represents complementation).Notice that simultaneously the gray-scale value of the physical address that does not read in the 3D subgraph that generates is zero from the 2D subgraph.And the position of pixel in the three-dimensional subgraph of each width of cloth that maintenance is extracted is corresponding with its position in original 2D subgraph.
3D subgraph synthesis module after obtaining the three-dimensional subgraph of each width of cloth, is filled into the useful information in the three-dimensional subgraph of each width of cloth among one width of cloth figure of same resolution sizes according to corresponding physical address, just obtains the stereographic map that synthesizes.Synthetic stereographic map information as shown in Figure 8.Note, when compound stereoscopic figure, the content of these three-dimensional subgraphs is inserted in the stereographic map to be generated successively according to the order of the physical address in the former 2D subgraph, so just formed the stereotome that a width of cloth includes n width of cloth 2D subgraph information.
Display screen is classified stereotome as the demonstration on the liquid crystal display of BGR in line of pixels.We know, show that liquid crystal display pixel commonly used for vertical bar shape is arranged, comprises three sub-pixels of RGB in each pixel, and three sub-pixels of RGB from left to right are arranged in order, and three sub-pixels constitute a foursquare pixel.If each sub-pixel size is p*3p, then the size of a complete pixel is 3p*3p, and the liquid crystal pixel structure as shown in Figure 2.For unconventional liquid crystal display that BGR arranges, its pixel is arranged as shown in Figure 9.Owing to be an element address and demonstration according to three pixels of horizontal direction RGB still, and each sub-pixel is that the position according to correspondence gives assignment, be that R value in the image can be composed the position to R address on the liquid crystal display, so, when the liquid crystal display that compound stereoscopic figure shown in Figure 8 arranges at BGR shows, can obtain image as shown in Figure 9.
In image shown in Figure 9, through after the above-mentioned processing, useful pixel among the 6 initial width of cloth 2D figure shows successively according to from left to right order on liquid crystal display, the camera lens order of setting up with initial shooting or by Software tool is in full accord, be aided with the leaded light effect of column mirror grating or slit grating, beholder's right and left eyes can obtain to meet the image with certain parallax of human eye physiological requirement, and then produces stereo perception.
Description of drawings
The unconventional liquid crystal display figure that Fig. 1 arranges in the BGR mode for sub-pixel
Fig. 2 is that three RGB sub-pixels constitute a pixel map
Fig. 3 sets up structural drawing for taking several camera lenses with specific parallax 2D subgraph
Fig. 4 is system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the overall flow figure of system of the present invention
Fig. 6 is each pixel leaching process process flow diagram of k width of cloth 2D subgraph among the present invention
Fig. 7 is the extraction figure of 6 viewpoint 2D subgraph pixels among the embodiment
Fig. 8 is 6 viewpoint stereo-picture composite diagrams among the embodiment
Fig. 9 reads and demonstration figure for 6 viewpoint liquid crystal display stereoscopic image among the embodiment
The drawing explanation
401 2D subgraph storage modules; 402 2D subgraph pixel extraction modules; 403 3D subgraph generation modules; 404 3D subgraph synthesis modules; 405 stereo-picture storage modules; 406 liquid crystal displays; 407 column mirror gratings;
Fig. 7 (1) first width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (2) first width of cloth 3D subgraphs; The pixel that numeral " 1 " expression is extracted from first width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (3) second width of cloth 2D subgraphs; Fig. 7 (4) second width of cloth 3D subgraphs; The pixel that numeral " 2 " expression is extracted from second width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (5) the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (6) the 3rd width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 3 " expression is extracted from the 3rd width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (7) the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (8) the 4th width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 4 " expression is extracted from the 4th width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (9) the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (10) the 5th width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 5 " expression is extracted from the 5th width of cloth figure among the figure; Fig. 7 (11) the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph; Fig. 7 (12) the 6th width of cloth 3D subgraph; The pixel that numeral " 6 " expression is extracted from the 6th width of cloth figure among the figure; " R " represents red sub-pixel; " G " represents green sub-pixels; " B " represents blue subpixels
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but be not restriction the present invention.
To be stored in the 2D image storage module by many lens shootings or by several 2D subgraphs that a plurality of camera lenses of 3D software simulation obtain.2D subgraph pixel extraction module is (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8-k) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 according to the physical address from k width of cloth 2D pixel that subgraph extracts ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % represents complementation) rule (wherein k value be 1 to n), extract required pixel and generate corresponding 3D subgraph from each width of cloth 2D subgraph, the gray-scale value of physical address correspondence in the 3D subgraph of not getting is zero.Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+7) %n+n * j+1 (i=1,2 from first width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, % represents complementation) gray-scale value of sub-pixel; Be (i-1) * 3N+(i+6 from second width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+5) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 from the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+4) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 from the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+3) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 from the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel; Be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+2) %n+n*j+1 (i=1,2 from the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph extracts physical address ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n are the viewpoint number) gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel.3D subgraph synthesis module reads the non-vanishing physical address of gray-scale value in each 3D subgraph and the size of gray-scale value thereof successively, keeping under the constant situation of physical address, gray-scale value is filled in the stereotome to be generated, and this stereotome is kept in the stereo-picture storage module.The liquid crystal display pixel drive unit reads stereotome respective pixel gray-scale value and shows.Carry out light splitting by the column mirror grating before the screen, just can produce the stereo-picture viewing area with n viewpoint in the space.Wherein grating equals the focal length of grating apart from the distance of display screen, and the diameter of each post mirror equals the width of a sub-pixel and the product of viewpoint number; The axle of each post mirror is parallel to the orientation of the sub-pixel of the pixel of extracting from same 2D subgraph, namely according to same pixel in three inclination angle placements that sub-pixel is identical, can be (arctg3) 0Perhaps (arctg4.5) 0Deng.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described in detail, need to prove, under the situation of not conflicting, embodiment and the feature among the embodiment among the application can be synthesized mutually.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is synthetic and be shown as example and describe with the bore hole stereo-picture of 6 viewpoints, 2D subgraph pixel extraction method then as shown in Figure 7, the content of synthetic view picture stereo-picture comes from six width of cloth 2D subgraphs, wherein, periodic extraction the 3rd from first width of cloth 2D subgraph, 9,15,21,27 ... the gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel generates the three-dimensional subgraph of first width of cloth, periodic extraction the 2nd from second width of cloth 2D subgraph, 8,14,20,26 ... the gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel generates the three-dimensional subgraph of second width of cloth, periodic extraction the 1st from the 3rd width of cloth 2D subgraph, 7,13,19,25 ... the gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel generates the three-dimensional subgraph of second width of cloth, periodic extraction the 6th from the 4th width of cloth 2D subgraph, 12,18,24,30 ... the gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel generates the three-dimensional subgraph of the 4th width of cloth, periodic extraction the 5th from the 5th width of cloth 2D subgraph, 11,17,23,29 ... the gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel generates the three-dimensional subgraph of the 5th width of cloth, periodic extraction the 4th from the 6th width of cloth 2D subgraph, 10,16,22,28 ... the gray-scale value of individual sub-pixel generates the three-dimensional subgraph of the 6th width of cloth.
After 3D subgraph synthesis module is synthetic with 6 width of cloth 3D subgraphs shown in Figure 7, be stored in the stereo-picture storage module, read stereotome respective pixel gray-scale value by the liquid crystal display pixel drive unit and show.Parallel placement cylindrical lens grating film carries out light splitting in appropriate location, display screen the place ahead, just can produce the stereo-picture viewing area with 6 viewpoints in the space.Wherein grating equals the focal length of grating apart from the distance of display screen, and the diameter of each post mirror equals the width of 6 sub-pixels in the present embodiment, and the angle of inclination of column mirror grating and vertical direction is (arctg3) 0
The ingenious change pixel extraction of the present invention rule can generate many visual fields stereotome of various embodiments such as 2,4,6,8,9.Those of ordinary skill in the art can be according to the present invention this rule of appropriate change, extract the protection domain that the corresponding change done on the basis of pixel and distortion all should belong to the appended claim of the present invention at gradient method in every case.

Claims (8)

1. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during the unconventional arrangement of a liquid crystal display pixel, it is characterized in that: be applicable to the stereotome display system of the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel, described display system is made up of 2D subgraph storage module (401), 2D subgraph pixel extraction module (402), 3D subgraph generation module (403), 3D subgraph synthesis module (404), stereo-picture storage module (405), liquid crystal display (406), column mirror grating (407); 2D subgraph pixel extraction module (402) reads the 2D subgraph from 2D subgraph storage module (401) after, utilize the pixel extraction of stipulating therefrom to extract physical address and the gray-scale value of required pixel, generate corresponding 3D subgraph and preservation, read and generate stereotome by 3D subgraph synthesis module (404), be kept in the stereo-picture memory module (405), liquid crystal display (406) carries out light splitting by column mirror grating (407) after stereotome is shown;
The method that above-mentioned 2D subgraph pixel extraction module (402) is followed is, the physical address that from resolution is the k width of cloth 2D pixel that subgraph extracts of M * N should be (i-1) * 3N+ (i+8-k) %n+n * j+1, i=1,2 wherein ... the integer of M, j=0,1,2 ... the integer of N/2-1, n is the viewpoint number, and % represents complementation.
2. the bore hole 3D rendering generation method of the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this formula is the pixel of extracting from same width of cloth 2D subgraph, be adjacent every row row that stagger up and down, with vertical direction with to the right or be tilted to the left (arctg3) 0Then column mirror grating (407) must be placed with identical inclination angle in the display system.
3. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this formula is the pixel of extracting from same width of cloth 2D subgraph, can be every each delegation row that stagger up and down, with vertical direction with to the right or be tilted to the left (arctg4.5) 0So the degree that staggers of sub-pixel in the same pixel is depended at column mirror grating in the display system (407) angle of inclination.
4. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during according to claim 2 or the unconventional arrangement of 3 described liquid crystal display pixels, it is characterized in that: three of same pixel sub-pixels are with corresponding inclination angle oblique arrangement in the stereotome that generates.
5. bore hole 3D rendering generation method during the unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the information that reads from several 2D subgraphs comprises the gray-scale value of institute's capture element, the physical address of institute's capture element and the relation of the position between pixel.
6. a kind of unconventional pixel according to claim 1 bore hole 3D rendering generation method of arranging, it is characterized in that: every width of cloth 3D subgraph of generation is all corresponding one by one with the 2D subgraph, and place, same physical address stores the grey scale pixel value that extracts in corresponding 3D and the 2D subgraph from the 2D subgraph; Different physical address places do not store any content, and gray-scale value is made as zero.
7. a kind of unconventional pixel according to claim 1 bore hole 3D rendering generation method of arranging, it is characterized in that: grating equals the focal length of grating apart from the distance of display screen, and the diameter of each post mirror equals the width of sub-pixel and the product of viewpoint number in the column mirror grating.
8. a kind of unconventional pixel according to claim 1 bore hole 3D rendering generation method of arranging, it is characterized in that: the method is applicable to the LCD Panel that pixel is arranged with B, G, the unconventional mode of R.
CN 201210048719 2012-02-20 2012-02-20 Method and system for naked eye three dimensional (3D) image generation during unconventional arrangement of liquid crystal display pixels Expired - Fee Related CN102621702B (en)

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