CN102344814B - Saline-alkali soil improving agent and its preparation method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil improving agent and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102344814B CN102344814B CN201110203021A CN201110203021A CN102344814B CN 102344814 B CN102344814 B CN 102344814B CN 201110203021 A CN201110203021 A CN 201110203021A CN 201110203021 A CN201110203021 A CN 201110203021A CN 102344814 B CN102344814 B CN 102344814B
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- alkali soil
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- saline
- soil conditioner
- soil
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil improving agent and its preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranefaciens Hansen bacterium, lactobacillus casei, Staestomyces microflavus and seaweed slurry, organically combining a plurality of beneficial microorganisms and seaweed through multi-time fermentation, culturing in a compound mode to obtain a novel microorganism agent-seaweed bio-fungus. adding a proper amount of humic acid, organic matter, active zeolite powder and molasses, and fermenting and drying the fermented product. The biology saline-alkali soil improving agent uses a plurality of microorganisms and employs strong effects of a unique ionic adsorbent, an organic neutralization balancing agent, an ion-exchange agent and a beneficial bacteria conversion starter to achieve the purposes of improving the soil environment, regulating acid-base balance, reducing the salt content, effectively raising the soil fertility and permeability, loosening the soil, eliminating the soil hardening, degrading the harmful substance and promoting the accumulation and conversion of the organic substance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of microbial fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of alkaline soil improvement agent of soil salt and preparation method thereof that is used to improve.
Background technology
The saltings is a kind of salt aggregation, is meant that the contained salinity in soil the inside has influence on the normal growth of crop.Salting of soil is a global difficult problem; Nearly approximately 1,000,000,000 hectares of whole world saline soil area; China has 9,913 ten thousand hectares, is roughly equal to 14.7 hundred million mu, and nearly more than 100 cities, the whole nation are seated the range of distribution, saltings; Agricultural plough nearly 500,000,000 mu of the underproduction, the abandoned land that cause because of salinification mainly concentrate on these arid and semi-arid lands of North China, northwest and northeast.In the cultivation process in addition, excessively use chemical fertilizer for a long time, cause the soil secondary salinization aggravation, it is serious to harden, and salinization, alkali-affected soil are constantly enlarged.In addition; China also has more than 18000 kilometer long mainland coastline, seashores such as the Bohai Sea, the Huanghai Sea and East Sea littoral plain, and being distributed with large-area is main beach salty soil with the muriate; These geographic common features are that the soil property saltiness is all high, mostly are the barren lands that plant is difficult for growth.Saline and alkaline harm cause a large amount of in, low-yield land and peasant be poor, makes big area soil resource be difficult to utilize.Saline soil does not obtain utilizing about China has 80% as a kind of resource as yet, and the exploitation in big area salt marsh wasteland and the control of the irrigated area soil salinization will be the important channels that solves 21 century China's 1,600,000,000 population food problems.Especially in the problem of utilizing of China's arid, semiarid zone, to the agriculture prodn development, the territory is administered, and ecological environmental protection etc. are extremely important.
The saltings mainly contains the following aspects to the harm of plant: the one, cause the physiological drought of plant; Too much solubility salt; Can improve the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, cause the physiological drought of plant, can not from soil, absorb suff water when making root system and seed germination; Even also cause moisture to exosmose from root cells, here plant is withered even dead; The 2nd, the harm plant tissue, arid season topsoil salinity excess accumulation is prone to hinder hypocotyl, under high pH value, also can cause OH
-To the direct murder by poisoning of plant, salinity excess accumulation in the plant tissue can make protoplasma be injured, and protein synthesis is obstructed, and nitrogenous mesostate accumulation causes cytotoxic; The 3rd, influence the normal dietetic alimentation of plant, because exchangeability Na
+Competition, plant is reduced the absorption of potassium, phosphorus and other nutritive elements, the transfer of phosphorus also can be suppressed, thereby influences the nutritional status of plant; The 4th, influence the stomatal movement of plant, under the effect of high degree of depth salt, the starch biosynthesis block in the Stomacal guard cell hinders, and cell can not be closed, and plant arid easily is withered.
Present domestic alkaline land improving utilizes method to conclude with technology to get up roughly to have four kinds: physically improved, water conservancy improvement, chemical modifying and biological modification.More than these methods bigger benefit has been brought in improvement saltings, agriculture prodn aspect.What but these methods had relatively wastes time and energy, and the cost that has is very high, and great lot of water resources has been wasted in the big water gaging flood irrigation of the needs that have, especially in the more rare area of some Freshwater resources, then more inadvisable.So far, the biological modification salt affected soil is a kind of method of sustainable use, like methods such as rice cultivation, plantation salt-tolerant plant sesbania, use microbial-bacterial fertilizers.Though wherein rice cultivation, the plantation salt-tolerant plant method green non-pollution that carries out saline and alkaline improvement, the cycle is long, and can only after institute's kind of plant has been gathered in, could plant farm crop, and economic benefit is not high; And the bacterial manure of the interpolation mikrobe of selling on the present market also exists single, single, the complex manufacturing of dealing with problems of contained bacterial classification, and the problem that product bacterium activity is low, surviving rate is low.
Chinese patent CN101289338A discloses a kind of biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure and preparation method thereof, and this biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure comprises Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, phytokinin, bacillus megaterium, separates salt flora and humic acids.The said salt flora of separating is made up of humic acids and composite bacteria liquid, and said composite bacteria liquid is conciliate the salt fermented liquid by composite EM bacterium and formed.Said composite EM bacterium liquid is that the EM bacterium is cultivated under three kinds of conditions respectively, and the fermented liquid of gained mixed by a certain percentage obtains.This biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure can be bred by active growth in hypersaline environment, can not only solve difficult problems such as soil is primary, secondary salinization, can also improve edatope, increase soil fertility, and is pollution-free, nuisanceless.The substratum that the described salt-decomposition bacterial manure utilization of this patent is used always is through cultivating the EM flora respectively under three kinds of conditions; Can be so that wherein a certain specified strain grows fine; Again three kinds of fermented liquids are mixed afterwards and get final product; But the bacterial classification suitable culture base in the EM flora is distinguishing, uses same substratum to cannot say for sure each flora growing state on the one hand, also exists the problem that occurs for the growing environment of the whole flora of balance for a certain microorganism resource waste in addition.Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, this kind of phytokinin hormones growth promoter have been added on the other hand in this salt-decomposition bacterial manure; Though help growth and the vigor of bacterial classification in soil to a certain extent; But hormones fertilizer also accumulates in soil easily; Cause secondary salinization,, still have this kind harm also though its content seldom.In addition, raw materials such as EM flora and the humic acids in the described salt-decomposition bacterial manure after the fermentation only obtain through spraying to mix, so action effect each other is still waiting to discuss.
Summary of the invention
For this reason; Technical problem to be solved by this invention is in the prior art in the biological salt-decomposition bacterial manure that EM flora growing state is not good, need to add the hormones growth and causes the problem of the problem of the secondary salinization of soil, so provide that a kind of technology is simple, bacterial classification growing way and vigor better, safety biological saline-alkali soil conditioner without any side effects;
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned biological saline-alkali soil conditioner.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the preparation method of biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) with Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, the streptomyces microflavus sterile culture of preserving, obtain required bacterial classification, subsequent use;
(2) get sea-tangle after sterilization, sterilization, also soaking, pulverize, grind, be delivered to pulper slurrying, make the marine alga slurry;
(3) get bacterial classification 3-5 part, step (2) gained of step (1) gained marine alga slurry 10-15 part and humic acids 20-30 part, organic 20-25 part, activated zeolite powder 25-30 part, molasses 6-10 part is mixed and stir, above umber is parts by weight;
(4) 25-30 ℃ of fermentation of control;
(5) tunning of gained is dry, promptly get required biological saline-alkali soil conditioner.
In the said step (1); Respectively Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, the streptomyces microflavus preserved are inoculated in the adaptive with it aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water and cultivate; And, obtain required bacterial classification with the bacterial classification proportional mixing of gained.
In the said step (1), the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of preserving, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, streptomyces microflavus mixing are inserted in the aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water and cultivate, obtain required bacterial classification.
In the said step (1), the weight ratio of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, streptomyces microflavus is 3-6:3-5:2-4:1-3 in the said bacterial classification.
The weight ratio of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, streptomyces microflavus is 5:4:3:2 in the said bacterial classification.
The aseptic culture medium cultivation that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water that said bacterial classification access is adaptive of the present invention; Its objective is expansion propagation for bacterial classification; Those skilled in the art can realize above-mentioned purpose through substratum conventional in the prior art; Also can select for use the minimum medium that is applicable to this Pseudomonas to realize the proliferated culture medium of this Pseudomonas bacterial classification, and remarkable certain defined medium that is defined in.For example lactobacterium casei can be cultivated in the MRS substratum; Streptomyces microflavus in the actinomycetes can be cultivated in the synthetic nutrient agar of Gao Shi; The Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium can be cultivated in the wort agar substratum, and the Rhodopseudomonas palustris in the photosynthetic bacterium can be cultivated in photosynthetic bacteria culture medium.
Wherein, lactobacterium casei belongs to milk-acid bacteria, can make uncorrupted organic matter fermentation, is converted into available nutrient, and the carbohydrate that produces with photosynthetic bacterium, yeast is matrix, produces lactic acid.Lactic acid has very strong sterilizing ability, particularly can suppress the harmful microbe breeding, and organic rapid corrupt the decomposition.The organism that milk-acid bacteria can make difficulties such as xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose decompose decomposes easily, and eliminates all drawbacks that undecomposed organism produces, and is therefore bringing into play vital role aspect the organic matter fermentation decomposition.Simultaneously, milk-acid bacteria can suppress to cause the pathogenic bacterium propagation of continuous cropping obstacle.Generally speaking, if pathogenic bacterium increase, plant will be weak, and harmful nematode fades away.In addition, the lactic acid of milk-acid bacteria generation can suppress the movable and breeding of sclerotium bacteria.
Culture medium prescription is: peptone 10g, meat extract 10g, yeast extract 5g, potassium hydrogenphosphate 2g, Triammonium citrate 2g, sodium acetate 5g, glucose 20g, tween-80 1mL, MnS0
4H
2O 0.25g, MgS0
47H
2O 0.58g, agar 20g, sterilization CaCO
310g, zero(ppm) water 1000mL.Adjust pH 6.2-6.4 packs prepared culture medium in the Erlenmeyer flask into, covers silica gel plug, puts into high-pressure steam sterilizing pan, and 121 ℃, sterilization 20min.
Streptomyces microflavus belongs to actinomycetes, is aerobic bacteria, is distributed widely in natural soil, air, fresh water and the seawater, is the intermediary of bacterium and mould, and most of actinomycetic optimum growth temperatures are 23-27 ℃.The amino acid that actinomycetes picked-up photosynthetic bacterium produces produces antibiotics.This microbiotic can effectively suppress pathogenic bacteria, fights for material required when being harmful to mould and bacterial reproduction, thereby suppresses its propagation, and creating is of value to other useful microbe survival environment.Actinomycetes also have the soil aggregate of improvement, transform the function of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.Actinomycetes help the effect of vinelandii and VA mycorhiza bacterium.Actinomycetes such as promise L bacterium layer etc. can be supplied with the organic cpds of many complicacies; Comprise phenol, pyridine, glyceryl alcohol, not chlorination and chlorating aromatics, paraffin and xylogen etc.; Actinomycetes ability decomposing organic matter generates various meta-bolitess, under other microbial processs, makes it mineralization again.
Culture medium prescription is the synthetic nutrient agar of Gao Shi: Zulkovsky starch 20g, saltpetre 1.0g, potassium hydrogenphosphate K
2HP0
43H
2O 0.5g, sodium-chlor 0.5g, sal epsom MgS0
47H
2O 0.5g, ferrous sulfate FeS0
47H
2O 0.01g, agar 20g, water 1000mL.Be placed on starch in the beaker earlier, with adding after a small amount of cold water furnishing pasty state heating for dissolving.Add agar again, stir the back and add other medicines, supply dehydration, do not stop to stir, make it to dissolve fully.Adjust the pH value to 7.2-7.4,121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min after the packing.
Pichia membranaefaciens belongs to yeast, and yeast is different oxygen type, aerobic, facultative anaerobe, can produce to promote fissional biologically active substance.Secretory product, photosynthetic bacterium synthetic amino acid and carbohydrate that it can utilize crop root to produce, and the organism in the soil, the fermenting power that the performance yeast has, synthetic to the crop effective substance.Simultaneously, yeast also promotes the mechanism of other effective microbe propagation to play an important role to producing.Especially physiologically active substance such as yeast excretory hormone can promote the division of plant root growth and cell.Yeast is suitable in the slant acidity environment, living.Yeast can be to produce in microorganism species and promotes the required matrix (food) of other useful microbes (milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetes) propagation that important nutrition guarantee is provided.When being used for converting wastes and pollutent, also can obtain the fine tropina.
Wort to the concentration that the Pichia membranaefaciens culture medium prescription is removed hops for dilution is 12Brix.Ratio in 1.5% is added agar in the wort, heating for dissolving, and adjustment pH value to 5.4 is packing and autoclaving then, and 115 ℃, sterilization 20min.
Said Rhodopseudomonas palustris belongs to photosynthetic bacteria, its nutrient solution prescription one: 1000 milliliters of potassium primary phosphate 0.5 grams, sal epsom 0.5 gram, sodium acetate 3 grams, Yeast diffusion juice 2 grams, sterilization seawater; Prescription two: 1000 milliliters in potassium primary phosphate 0.5 gram, sal epsom 0.5 gram, 95% 3 milliliters of alcohol, Yeast diffusion juice 2 grams, sterilization seawater; Prescription three: potassium primary phosphate 0.5 gram, sal epsom 0.5 gram, sulfuric acid are by 1000 milliliters of 1 grams, yeast extract paste 2 grams, sodium acetate 2 grams, sterilization seawater.
In the said step (2), also comprise and grind the step that N.F,USP MANNITOL, sodium alginate are extracted in the back.
Said organic matter comprises rice chaff, dregs of beans and wood powder shaped activated carbon.
Said humic acids comprises pyrotomalenic acid 15-20 part, yellow humic acid 5-10 part.
In the said step (5), tunning is dried to water ratio is lower than 30%.
The present invention also provides and has used the biological saline-alkali soil conditioner that above-mentioned preparation method prepares.
Marine alga contains more protein, is about the 20-39% of frond dry weight.Seed amino acid surplus marine alga contains 20, importantly most of kind all has the sulfur-bearing Amino acid, and like taurine, methionine(Met), Gelucystine and verivate thereof, the content of each hectogram dry weight frond is between the 41-72 milligram; Also contain a large amount of seaweeds in the marine alga.Seawater contains the inorganic elements more than 45 kinds; Marine alga is grown in the seawater; Absorb inorganic elements every day as nutritive ingredient, so marine alga can contain the natural inorganic element of more kinds of and volume than land plant, maximum in the inorganic elements of marine alga with iodine, sodium, potassium, iron, calcium contents.Some marine alga contains the magnesium of more amount, the elements such as copper, zinc and manganese of trace.Sargassum protein is completely cured in reparation, bad root, downright bad aspects such as cell have fabulous effect; Seaweeds contains various plants somatomedin and mineral element, chelated metal ions and marine bioactivity material, can impel that vegetable cell divides fast, plant is long soon, strengthen metabolism, improve resistance (as drought-resistant), promote that pregnant flower bud blooms.In addition, seaweeds can also improve Soil structure, aqueous solution emulsifying property, reduce surface tension of liquid, can improve spread property, tackiness, interior absorption.Aspect plant protection, the effect that suppresses harmful organism, alleviates sick worm harm is arranged also in addition; Iodine is natural sterilization agent; The main effect of zinc is regulate indolylacetic acid synthetic, and forms glucide etc.; Iron is carried out different physiological roles in plant nutrition: iron is cytopigment and the composition of nonheme-iron protein in photosynthesis, biological nitrogen fixation, the respiration; In metabolism and redox processes, all play the electron transport effect; It is the essential composition of some chlorophyll, proteoplast complex body synthetic in the chloroplast(id); Calcium, potassium can promote that plant stem is sturdy, help the transportation of nutrition at the plant xylem, thereby promote sucrose accumulation, improve the ability of crop opposing cold, arid and disease and pest.
Technique scheme of the present invention is compared prior art and is had the following advantages, and 1, biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention utilizes multiple collaborative mikrobe to mix probiotics, marine alga slurry, continent deep layer humic acids and other organic matter that obtains, through the ionic adsorption of uniqueness; The organic acids and base neutral equilibrium, the forceful action of ion conversion and probiotics transformation fermentation reaches and improves edatope; Regulate acid; Reduce the purpose of the basicity of saltiness and soil, can effectively increase soil fertility and ventilation property chessom simultaneously; Elimination is hardened; The degraded objectionable impurities promotes organic matter accumulation to transform, and technology is advanced, equipment is simple simultaneously easy to use; 2, said marine alga slurry is rich in marine bioactivity material, amino acid and various trace elements, and comprehensive nutrition improves cell viability, need not to add extra nutritive substance; 3, said biological saline-alkali soil conditioner need not to add the hormones growth factor and can make said flora keep upgrowth situation preferably, has avoided the secondary salinization of soil that causes because of hormonal substance; 4, said bacterial classification is the combination of multiple effective microbe; Each microorganism species obtains vigor bacterium liquid preferably through adaptive substratum and culture condition bottom fermentation; These mikrobes rely on synergy each other; Propagation relation forms the biological flora that complicacy, Stability Analysis of Structures, a function have varied bacterial micro-organism group widely, decomposing organic matter rapidly, and metabolism goes out antioxidant; Suppress the harmful microbe growth and breeding, and can promote cell fission, the cytothesis of animal and plant body and strengthen self-regulating function; 5, the marine alga slurry and the molasses that are added all belong to industrial waste product, have reduced production cost on the one hand, also help the environmental protection processing of these waste products simultaneously; 6, the preparation of said biological saline-alkali soil conditioner obtains through two-step fermentation, more help each useful microbe bacterial classification synergy and with the abundant effect of other effective constituents, reach the better effect of improving.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The described biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of present embodiment is that the component following weight part is prepared from through following step:
(1) Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, the streptomyces microflavus preserved are inoculated into respectively in the adaptive with it aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water; And under adaptive condition, cultivated 3-5 days respectively, the bacterial classification of the gained that will ferment then is according to the amount mixing for standby use of weight ratio part 3:5:4:3;
(2) get sea-tangle through high temperature (more than 100 ℃) sterilization, sterilization, and after soaking 48h, be crushed to 80 orders, grind to form 120 orders, therefrom extracting N.F,USP MANNITOL, sodium alginate, be delivered to pulper slurrying, obtain said marine alga slurry;
(3) get 15 parts in marine alga slurry and 20 parts of the humic acidss of 5 parts of bacterial classifications, step (2) gained of step (1) gained, organic 20 parts, 30 parts in activated zeolite powder, molasses mix and stir for 6 parts, above umber is parts by weight;
Said organic matter comprises rice chaff, dregs of beans and wood powder shaped activated carbon.Said humic acids comprises 10 parts of pyrotomalenic acids, 10 parts of yellow humic acids;
(4) control 25-30 ℃ fermentation culture 5-7 days;
(5) tunning of gained is dried to water ratio and is lower than 30%, promptly get.
Embodiment 2
Biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention prepares through following preparation method:
(1) Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, the streptomyces microflavus preserved are inoculated into respectively in the adaptive with it aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water; Under adaptive condition, cultivated 3-5 days respectively; According to the mixed of weight ratio 6:3:2:1, it is subsequent use to obtain required bacterial classification with the nutrient solution of each fermentation gained;
Said lactobacterium casei culture medium prescription is: peptone 10g, meat extract 10g, yeast extract 5g, potassium hydrogenphosphate 2g, Triammonium citrate 2g, sodium acetate 5g, glucose 20g, tween-80 1mL, MnS0
4H
2O 0.25g, MgS0
47H
2O 0.58g, agar 20g, sterilization CaCO
310g, zero(ppm) water 1000mL.Adjust pH 6.2-6.4, prepared culture medium packed into covers silica gel plug in the Erlenmeyer flask, puts into high-pressure steam sterilizing pan, and 121 ℃, sterilization 20min.
Streptomyces microflavus culture medium prescription in the actinomycetes is the synthetic nutrient agar of Gao Shi: Zulkovsky starch 20g, saltpetre 1.0g, potassium hydrogenphosphate K
2HP0
43H
2O 0.5g, sodium-chlor 0.5g, sal epsom MgS0
47H
2O 0.5g, ferrous sulfate FeS0
47H
2O 0.01g, agar 20g, water 1000mL.Be placed on starch in the beaker earlier,, add agar again, stir the back and add other medicines, supply dehydration, do not stop to stir, make it to dissolve fully with adding after a small amount of cold water furnishing pasty state heating for dissolving.Adjust the pH value to 7.2-7.4,121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min after the packing.
Wort to the concentration that the Pichia membranaefaciens culture medium prescription is removed hops for dilution is 12Brix.Ratio in 1.5% is added agar in the wort, heating for dissolving, and adjustment pH value to 5.4 is packing and autoclaving then, and 115 ℃, sterilization 20min
Said Rhodopseudomonas palustris (photosynthetic bacteria) nutrient solution prescription one: 1000 milliliters of potassium primary phosphate 0.5 grams, sal epsom 0.5 gram, sodium acetate 3 grams, Yeast diffusion juice 2 grams, sterilization seawater.
(2) get sea-tangle through high temperature (more than 100 ℃) sterilization, sterilization, and after soaking 48h, be crushed to 80 orders, grind to form 120 orders, therefrom extracting N.F,USP MANNITOL, sodium alginate, be delivered to pulper slurrying, obtain said marine alga slurry;
(3) get 10 parts in marine alga slurry and 30 parts of the humic acidss of 3 parts of bacterial classifications, step (2) gained of step (1) gained, organic 25 parts, 25 parts in activated zeolite powder, molasses mix and stir for 10 parts, above umber is parts by weight;
Said organic matter comprises rice chaff, dregs of beans and wood powder shaped activated carbon; Said humic acids comprises 20 parts of pyrotomalenic acids, 10 parts of yellow humic acids;
(4) control 25-30 ℃ fermentation culture 5-7 days;
(5) tunning of gained is dried to water ratio and is lower than 30%, promptly get.
Embodiment 3
The described biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of present embodiment is that the component following weight part is prepared from through following step:
(1) Rhodopseudomonas palustris of preserving, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, streptomyces microflavus are inoculated in the adaptive aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water after mixing; Cultivated 3-5 days for 25-35 ℃; Obtain required bacterial classification, subsequent use;
Described substratum comprises: glucose 30g/L, wheat bran 20g/L, yeast extract paste 5g/L, MgSO
42g/L, zero(ppm) water, accent pH5.0.
(2) get sea-tangle through high temperature (more than 100 ℃) sterilization, sterilization, and after soaking 48h, be crushed to 80 orders, grind to form 120 orders, therefrom extracting N.F,USP MANNITOL, sodium alginate, be delivered to pulper slurrying, obtain said marine alga slurry;
(3) 15 parts in marine alga slurry and 18 parts of pyrotomalenic acids, 9 parts of yellow humic acids, dregs of beans and 20 parts of wood powder shaped activated carbons, 30 parts in activated zeolite powder, the molasses of getting 5 parts of bacterial classifications, step (2) gained of step (1) gained mix and stir for 6 parts, and above umber is parts by weight;
(4) control 25-30 ℃ fermentation culture 5-7 days;
(5) tunning of gained is dried to water ratio and is lower than 30%, promptly get.
Embodiment 4
Biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention prepares through following preparation method:
(1) Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, the streptomyces microflavus preserved are inoculated into respectively in the adaptive with it aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water; Under adaptive condition, cultivated 3-5 days respectively; And according to the ratio of weight ratio 5:4:3:2 the fermentation culture of gained is mixed and to obtain required bacterial classification, subsequent use;
Said lactobacterium casei culture medium prescription is: peptone 10g, meat extract 10g, yeast extract 5g, potassium hydrogenphosphate 2g, Triammonium citrate 2g, sodium acetate 5g, glucose 20g, tween-80 1mL, MnS0
4H
2O 0.25g, MgS0
4-7H
2O 0.58g, agar 20g, sterilization CaCO
310g, zero(ppm) water 1000mL.Adjust pH 6.2-6.4 packs prepared culture medium in the Erlenmeyer flask into, covers silica gel plug, puts into high-pressure steam sterilizing pan, and 121 ℃, sterilization 20min.
Streptomyces microflavus (actinomycetes) culture medium prescription is the synthetic nutrient agar of Gao Shi: Zulkovsky starch 20g, saltpetre 1.0g, potassium hydrogenphosphate K
2HP0
43H
2O 0.5g, sodium-chlor 0.5g, sal epsom MgS0
47H
2O 0.5g, ferrous sulfate FeS0
47H
2O 0.01g, agar 20g, water 1000mL.Be placed on starch in the beaker earlier,, add agar again, stir the back and add other medicines, supply dehydration, do not stop to stir, make it to dissolve fully with adding after a small amount of cold water furnishing pasty state heating for dissolving.Adjust the pH value to 7.2-7.4,121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min after the packing.
Wort to the concentration that the Pichia membranaefaciens culture medium prescription is removed hops for dilution is 12Brix.Ratio in 1.5% is added agar in the wort, heating for dissolving, and adjustment pH value to 5.4 is packing and autoclaving then, and 115 ℃, sterilization 20min.
Said photosynthetic bacteria nutrient solution prescription two: 1000 milliliters in potassium primary phosphate 0.5 gram, sal epsom 0.5 gram, 95% 3 milliliters of alcohol, Yeast diffusion juice 2 grams, sterilization seawater.
(2) get sea-tangle through high temperature (more than 100 ℃) sterilization, sterilization, and after soaking 48h, be crushed to 80 orders, grind to form 120 orders, therefrom extracting N.F,USP MANNITOL, sodium alginate, be delivered to pulper slurrying, obtain said marine alga slurry;
(3) get 12 parts in marine alga slurry and 25 parts of the humic acidss of 4 parts of bacterial classifications, step (2) gained of step (1) gained, organic 23 parts, 27 parts in activated zeolite powder, molasses mix and stir for 8 parts, above umber is parts by weight;
Said organic matter comprises rice chaff, dregs of beans and wood powder shaped activated carbon; Said humic acids comprises 20 parts of pyrotomalenic acids, 5 parts of yellow humic acids.
(4) control 25-30 ℃ fermentation culture 5-7 days;
(5) tunning of gained is dried to water ratio and is lower than 30%, promptly get.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment of the invention 4 prepared biological saline-alkali soil conditioners that obtain are chosen in southwest, green rosy cloud lake water storehouse, Yang An town, Yueling City to be stressed to make an experiment on the saline-alkali wasteland.150 meters long from south to north of whole plot, thing is wide 240 meters, and about 50 mu of the total area is no longer cultivated saline-alkali wasteland.Through being measured salt content, multidraw draws; The average saltiness 1.311% of whole plot 0-5cm; The average saltiness 0.616% of 0-20cm topsoil, the average saltiness 0.351% of the 1m soil body is the severe salty soils; Under the natural condition except that saline and alkaline, reed is careless, the plant indicators of a small amount of saltings such as cogongrass, other crops can not grow basically.Soil salt content is measured the result and is seen the following form.
30 kilograms in 15-15-15 compound manure is executed in whole demonstration field, evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields in the face of land; At middle part, whole plot, North and South direction is provided with 40 meters wide check plots, and except that not using the modifying agent, other operations, management are identical: according to the product request for utilization, the modifying agent application zone is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the face of land according to every mu of 40 kilograms of amounts of application.Unification is turned over, puts in order ground, is broadcast fully then.Check plot area 40 * 150=6000 ㎡=9 mu, the modifying agent treatment zone total area 200 * 150=30000m
2=45 mu.
Carry out sowing cotton seed, supply the examination cotton variety to grind No. 21, adopt the cotton film-covering planting with sowing machine, " 40cm+80cm " wide-narrow row planting, membrane covering, density of reserved seedlings 4000 strain/mus for the Shandong cotton thereafter.The time of infertility is adopted Routine Management in test, and operations such as fertilising, irrigation, weeding are consistent.Investigation record modifying agent treatment zone and the check plot cotton growing state and serial indexs such as total peach number, seed cotton yield such as situation, squaring period, initial bloom stage, the term of opening bolls of emerging respectively, the result sees the following form.
The cotton situation of emerging contrasts:Cotton belongs to comparatively salt tolerant crop, but germinate to the seeding stage be the critical porion of its whole growing to salinity, can guarantee emerges is one of key of saltings plant cotton success or not.When we finished in the cotton seeding stage, respectively the cotton situation of emerging is investigated, investigation method is that 3 points for investigation are respectively selected in modifying agent treatment zone and check plot, the quantity of emerging in 5 meters row of each points for investigation investigation are long, and the result is listed in the table below.Can find out that therefrom soil improvement agent according to the invention has extremely significant effect to improving the cotton seedling rate, the average 5 meters row of modifying agent treatment zone grow the seedling number and reach 39.7, than 18.7 raisings 112.3% of check plot.
The output of cotton contrast:Contrast cotton flowering period with the term of opening bolls field growing situation can find out that the check plot is owing to seriously being short of seedling, cotton growth receives very big influence.Begin from cotton boll blowing, modifying agent treatment zone and check plot cotton are plucked the gradation meter that adds up separately and produce.All accomplish to cotton picking, the 9 mu of cotton field accumulative totals in check plot are gathered in the crops 625 kilograms of unginned cottons, 69.4 kilograms of average yield per mu unginned cottons; 45 mu of cotton field accumulative totals of modifying agent treatment zone are gathered in the crops 5332 kilograms of unginned cottons, 118.5 kilograms of average yield per mu unginned cottons, and than check plot raising the output 70.75%, effect and remarkable.
Obviously, the foregoing description only be for explanation clearly done for example, and be not qualification to embodiment.For the those of ordinary skill in affiliated field, on the basis of above-mentioned explanation, can also make other multi-form variation or change.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And conspicuous variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a biological saline-alkali soil conditioner is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, the streptomyces microflavus preserved are carried out sterile culture; Obtain required bacterial classification; Subsequent use, the weight ratio of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, streptomyces microflavus is 3-6:3-5:2-4:1-3 in the said bacterial classification;
(2) get sea-tangle after sterilization, sterilization, also soaking, pulverize, grind, be delivered to pulper slurrying, make the marine alga slurry;
Mixture 20-25 part, activated zeolite powder 25-30 part, the molasses 6-10 part of marine alga slurry 10-15 part and humic acids 20-30 part, rice chaff, dregs of beans and wood powder shaped activated carbon of (3) getting bacterial classification 3-5 part, step (2) gained of step (1) gained is mixed and is stirred, and above umber is parts by weight;
(4) 25-30 ℃ of fermentation of control;
(5) tunning of gained is dry, promptly get required biological saline-alkali soil conditioner.
2. the preparation method of biological saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In the said step (1); Respectively Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, the streptomyces microflavus preserved are inoculated in the adaptive with it aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water and cultivate; And the nutrient solution of gained mixed, obtain required bacterial classification.
3. the preparation method of biological saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In the said step (1), the Rhodopseudomonas palustris of preserving, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, streptomyces microflavus are mixed and insert in the aseptic culture medium that contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and water and cultivate, obtain required bacterial classification.
4. the preparation method of biological saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the weight ratio of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Pichia membranaefaciens bacterium, lactobacterium casei, streptomyces microflavus bacterial classification is 5:4:3:2 in the said bacterial classification.
5. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in the said step (2), also comprise and grind the step that N.F,USP MANNITOL, sodium alginate are extracted in the back.
6. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: said humic acids comprises pyrotomalenic acid 15-20 part, yellow humic acid 5-10 part.
7. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described biological saline-alkali soil conditioner of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in the said step (5), tunning is dried to water ratio is lower than 30%.
8. the biological saline-alkali soil conditioner for preparing according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-7.
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