CN102227149B - Mobile communication terminal device and information exchanging method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mobile communication terminal device capable of realizing quick and continuous smooth switch during the roaming among data communication networks and an information exchanging method thereof. The mobile communication terminal device comprises a network access unit with a network access mechanism and a multi-address determination unit, wherein the multi-address determination unit is used for acquiring information by using a group of interfaces to exchange information with the network access unit; the information represents that a channel used in an existing communication session is interrupted; an upper layer of a network layer is notified before the interruption occurs actually; the group of interfaces comprises setting interfaces and triggering interfaces; the setting interfaces are used for sending signals to the network access unit by the multi-address determination unit, wherein the signals contain identifiers for identifying events notified by requiring the network access unit via the multi-address determination unit; and the triggering interfaces are used for sending signals to the multi-address determination unit by the network access unit, wherein the signals contain identifiers for identifying the network access unit and are used for notifying event occurrences or future occurrences.
Description
Patent application of the present invention is dividing an application of following patent application:
Application number: 200480044323.5; The applying date: on November 5th, 2004; Denomination of invention: mobile communication terminal, its control method, communication system and loaming method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to and in the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes, to use, and often change is used to identify oneself with the mobile communication terminal of promptly roaming of the tie point of described network.Be particularly related to and have a plurality of access to netwoks mechanism that are used to identify oneself with a plurality of described networks, and these access to netwoks mechanism are unified control, so that it is fit to the mobile communication terminal of the agreement of described network.
In addition, the present invention can be applied to IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: IEEE) 802.11 and the W-CDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)) so dual radio access technologies.
In addition, the present invention unifies to control mobile communication terminal and control method thereof with the agreement that is suitable for described network by providing to access to netwoks mechanism, thus the scope utilized that can the expanding mobile communication terminal device.
Background technology
Because the appearance and the development of wireless technology, the mobile communication terminal that can identify oneself with World Wide Web such as internet now constantly increases.
These mobile communication terminals are roamed between different territories (domain), form channel successively with the base station of the data communication network of different block exchange mode.Such roaming be provided at GSM(Global Systems for Mobile communications, the global system of mobile communication) quite ripe in the communication network of the such circuit switched of system.
But, in the data communication network of block exchange mode, be difficult to adopt such roaming function.Why be like this because in the communication terminal in the data communication network of block exchange mode, described network uses unique address respectively.In addition, contain in this unique address the topology in space effective partly (being generally front end).
In patent documentation 1, Valentine etc. try to the data communication of the communication network introducing block exchange mode of circuit switching mode.But, in patent documentation 1, do not put down in writing the problem how relevant address is assigned to data communication terminal.
Therefore, for the problem of the distribution that solves this address, put down in writing the technology of when being provided with, dynamically mobile terminal apparatus being distributed the address in the patent documentation 2.According to the technology of patent documentation 2 records, think that the problem of described distribution address has been solved.But, do not mention particularly in the patent documentation 2 because mobile terminal apparatus moves from when different before this other tie points identify oneself with described communication network, old address and newly how related the address is.In addition, after having changed the tie point of data communication network that mobile terminal apparatus identifies oneself with block exchange mode, also can continue to receive grouping in identical address, this be very desirable for mobile terminal apparatus.Thus, in the data communication network of block exchange mode, even when mobile terminal apparatus change tie point, also can continue communication session smoothly.
In order to support such roaming function, put down in writing the corresponding technology relevant in the non-patent literature 1, and put down in writing the corresponding technology relevant in the non-patent literature 2 with mobile IP v 6 with mobile IPv 4.Among the mobile IP, the data communication terminal that is known as mobile node has fixing territory, local (home domain) respectively.Mobile node participate in this territory, local of formation the situation of home network under, the fixing global address that is known as home address is assigned to mobile node.When belonging to other networks when mobile node leaves home network, usually described mobile node is distributed the interim global address that is known as " Care-of Address ".If use this Care-of Address,, mobile node also can receive the grouping that sends to home address even belonging to other network.In addition, in order to use this Care-of Address, on home network, need to be known as the router of home agent.Mobile node uses the message that is known as " Binding Update " that forwarding address is registered in the home agent.Home agent is caught the message of the home address that sends to mobile node halfway, is forwarded to the Care-of Address of mobile node then.Even mobile node belongs to other networks of any way beyond the home network, as long as provide the information that home address and Care-of Address are associated from mobile node to home agent, mobile node just always can be received the grouping that sends to home address.
But, in the technology that non-patent literature 1 and non-patent literature 2 are put down in writing, after having left previous tie point, mobile node needs to be used between home address and new Care-of Address, to prepare the time of new association (comprising the time of obtaining new Care-of Address).Thereby in this time, mobile node can not receive grouping.
Therefore, developed following technology, promptly mobile communication terminal promptly switches to the technology of the base station of new formation channel from the base station that has formed channel before, and this technology is recorded in non-patent literature 3.In addition, put down in writing the translational speed that mobile communication terminal is measured in a plurality of base stations in the patent documentation 4, and needing to have determined whether the technology of switching based on the translational speed of measuring.These technology can be cut down the expense of switching, need some time but switch to new Care-of Address from old Care-of Address.Therefore, even use these technology, also still can not realize level and smooth switching fully.And, in these technology, owing to have to dynamically to provide the related of the home address of mobile communication terminal and Care-of Address to the base station, so the load height of the signal processing in the base station.And then these technology depend on the ability and the function of each base station of handling that actual execution switches, and therefore make the structure of base station more complicated and make the base station more expensive.
As realizing such means of switching rapidly, consider to use a plurality of access to netwoks mechanism.If have the mobile communication terminal of a plurality of access to netwoks mechanism, then when carrying out switching, by the base station that formed channel before and the new base station that forms channel are distributed independent access to netwoks mechanism respectively, thus can be rapidly and realize smoothly switching.
But in order to use a plurality of like this access to netwoks mechanism, the network interface that mobile communication terminal possessed need provide triggering to the software of major control mobile communication terminal.
Patent documentation 1: No. 6504839 specification of United States Patent (USP)
Patent documentation 2: No. 6469998 specification of United States Patent (USP)
Patent documentation 3: No. 6473413 specification of United States Patent (USP)
Patent documentation 4: No. 5913168 specification of United States Patent (USP)
Non-patent literature 1: Bai Jinsi etc. (Perkins, C.E.et.al), " the IP mobility is supported (IP Mobilily Support) ", IETF RCF3344, in August, 2002
Non-patent literature 2: Johnson etc. (Johnson, D.B., Perkins, C.E., and Arkko, J.), and " the mobility support among the IPv6 (Mobility Support in IPv6) ", Internet Draft:
Draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-21.txt, Work In Progress, in February, 2003
Non-patent literature 3: He Jin (Haykin, S.), " sef-adapting filter theory (Adaptive Filter Theory) ", Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey,, the 3rd edition in 1996
Non-patent literature 4: the Kalman (Kalman, R.E), " about the new way (A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems) of linear filtering and forecasting problem ", Trans ASME, March nineteen sixty, the 82nd volume, series D, p.35-45
Non-patent literature 5: He Jin (Haykin, S.), " neural net: composite basis (Neural Network:A Comprehensive Foundation) ", Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 1994, New Jersey International version
Summary of the invention
As previously mentioned, when mobile communication terminal is roamed in the data communication network of block exchange mode, be difficult to realize the continual switching of communication session by existing solution.More particularly, when mobile communication terminal newly belongs to different territory, promptly and be different from when having formed channel again between other base stations of previous base station, till can utilizing new Care-of Address, need time, during this time, grouping may not arrive mobile communication terminal.
By the development of wireless technology, most mobile communication terminals can utilize IEEE802.11b and GPRS(General Packet Radio Service, GPRS at present) so a plurality of different access technique.Therefore, if in mobile communication terminal, alternately utilize these different access techniques, then can realize switching rapidly.
But, to switch rapidly in order to realize this, the access to netwoks mechanism that need have from mobile communication terminal provides several triggerings to its layer of major control.In addition, for the complexity of the structure of eliminating main layer or alleviate so the load of the signal processing that produces, this triggering should have form.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly when between the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes, roaming, can realize the mobile communication terminal of rapid and continual level and smooth switching and control method thereof etc.
Mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts following structure, promptly comprises: network access unit (NAU), have by adjust hardware, software and agreement separately specification and the access to netwoks mechanism set uniquely; And MADU(Multiple Access Decision Unit, multiple access decision unit), use a group interface and described NAU to carry out information exchange, thus the employed channel of decision communication session, and control and the corresponding described NAU of channel that determines; And between the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes, roam.
In an embodiment of the present invention, provide the mobile communication terminal that between the data communication network of block exchange mode, moves, having comprised: network access unit, it has the access to netwoks mechanism of setting uniquely; Multiple access decision unit, obtain information by using a group interface and described network access unit to carry out information exchange, described information representation is interrupted at the employed channel of current communication session, before the actual generation of described interruption, the upper layer more than the network layer is notified, a described group interface comprises interface and trigger interface is set, the described interface that is provided with is used for and will comprises the signal of the identifier that is used to the incident of discerning, send to described network access unit from described multiple access decision unit, the described identifier of the incident of discerning that is used for is for identifying the identifier to described network access unit request notice from a plurality of incidents, described trigger interface is used for and will comprises the identifier that is used to discern described network access unit, the signal that the incident that notice is discerned by the described identifier that is used to the incident of discerning takes place or take place from now on sends to described multiple access decision unit from described network access unit.
Described information can comprise other the information of network access unit about using after described channel interruption.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the information switching method of multiple access decision unit in the mobile communication terminal that moves between the data communication network of block exchange mode is provided, comprise: described multiple access decision unit obtains information by using a group interface and network access unit to carry out information exchange, described information representation is interrupted at the employed channel of current communication session, described information exchange can may further comprise the steps: will comprise the step that the identifier that is used to the incident of discerning sends to described network access unit, the described identifier of the incident of discerning that is used for is for identifying the identifier to described network access unit request notice from a plurality of incidents; Described multiple access decision unit receives the step of generation that comprises the incident identifier that is used to discern described network access unit, that notice is discerned by the described identifier that is used to the incident of discerning or the signal that will take place from now on from described network access unit; The step of described information was notified in described multiple access decision unit to the upper layer more than the network layer before the actual generation of described interruption.
Described information can comprise other the information of network access unit about using after described channel interruption.
Mobile communication terminal of the present invention comprises: network access unit, have by adjust hardware, software and agreement separately specification and the access to netwoks mechanism set uniquely; And multiple access decision unit, the use trigger interface receives the trigger event by described network access unit sent, condition information according to the relevant described network access unit that uses query interface to obtain, the employed channel of decision communication session, and the control described network access unit corresponding with the channel that is determined, the setting interface that will be used to set with described network access unit corresponding parameters sends to described network access unit, and described mobile communication terminal is roamed between the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, be that the employed group interface of described MADU comprises inquiry (Query) interface, set (Configure) interface and triggering (Trigger) interface and constitute, (the inquiry code: (Query Result: another part of buffering area Query-Result) constitutes part Query-Code) type that described query interface is inquired about by identification with comprising the result who is used for storing queries, and be to obtain the signal of described MADU to the information of the relevant described NAU of described NAU transmission, (the parameter code: part Parameter-Code) and being used to is stored the new value of described parameter of setting, and (parameter value: another part Parameter-Value) constitutes the parameter that described setting interface is set by expression, and be to set the signal of the described MADU of the described parameter corresponding to described NAU transmission with described NAU, described trigger interface by the part of discerning described NAU individually (the NAU-identifier: record and narrate NAU-Identifier) and fully taken place or event from now on (trigger event: another part Trigger-Event) constitutes, and is described NAU sends the generation of notifying described incident or situation about taking place from now on to described MADU signal.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, described MADU has non-volatile storage device that the information to the setting of relevant described NAU and situation writes down and stores.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, possesses NIT(NAU-specific Interface Translator, NAU-determines the interface translater), be used for form, thereby make it possible to carry out the information exchange of described NAU and described MADU by the described query interface of conversion, described setting interface, described trigger interface.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, described NAU comprises: a plurality of NAU communication channels can walk abreast simultaneously and operate; And with the decision of described multiple access unit and the sub-MADU that described network access unit is connected, control described NAU communication channel, use described interface and described MADU to carry out information exchange.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, possesses NIT, be used between described sub-MADU and described MADU, by the form of the described query interface of conversion, described setting interface, described trigger interface, thereby make it possible to carry out the information exchange of described sub-MADU and described MADU.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, the employed one group of described interface of described MADU comprises query interface, set interface and trigger interface and constitute, described query interface is the signal that is used to pass on the information of relevant following content: the pattern of described NAU, the usage charges of the channel that provides by described NAU, the bandwidth of the channel that provides by described NAU, the quality of channel that provides by described NAU, the service quality of in channel, supporting (QoS) grade that provides by described NAU, the power consumption information of the relevant channel that provides by described NAU, the secured fashion of in channel, supporting that provides by described NAU.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, the employed one group of described interface of described MADU comprises query interface, set interface and trigger interface and constitute, described setting interface be used to pass on relevant following content information signal and be sent to described NAU: the pattern of described NAU, described MADU is sent the situation of information signal from described NAU, omission sends the situation of described information signal to described MADU from described NAU, the benchmark that the described NAU relevant with the generation of the described information signal that sends to described MADU is relevant, described NAU begins the benchmark of change action, determining of the channel that uses by described NAU.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, the employed one group of described interface of described MADU comprises query interface, set interface and trigger interface and constitute, described trigger interface is described NAU passes on the information relevant with following content to described MADU a signal: change with the situation of the corresponding described NAU in base station, the usage charges of the channel that provides by described NAU of a certain value have been provided, the QoS grade of supporting in channel that provides by described NAU of a certain value has been provided, the secured fashion that utilizes in channel that provides by described NAU of a certain type is provided, the modulation system of in channel, utilizing that provides by described NAU.
The control method of mobile communication terminal of the present invention is used to control mobile communication terminal, and this mobile communication terminal comprises: NAU, have by adjust hardware, software and agreement separately specification and the access to netwoks mechanism set uniquely; And MADU, use a group interface and described NAU to carry out information exchange, thus the employed channel of decision communication session, and control and the corresponding described NAU of channel that determines; And roam between the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes, described control method comprises: described MADU sends to the query interface that obtains the information relevant with described NAU the step of described NAU; The setting interface that described MADU will be used to set the described parameter corresponding with described NAU sends to the step of described NAU; And described NAU will be used to notify the generation of described incident or the described trigger interface that take place from now on sends to the step of described MADU.
The control method of mobile communication terminal of the present invention comprises in described invention: the step of being controlled described NAU by described MADU; A plurality of NAU communication channels that control can walk abreast simultaneously and operate, and use described interface and described MADU to carry out the step of the described sub-MADU of information exchange by described MADU control; And the described MADU step of using described interface and described NAU or described sub-MADU to communicate.
The control method of mobile communication terminal of the present invention comprises in described invention: when communicating by letter with described MADU, described sub-MADU uses the step of the special identifier of representing itself; And under the situation that described special identifier is used by described trigger interface, described MADU is based on described trigger interface, to the UPL(Upper Protocol Layer that communicates with described MADU) send the step of the decision that described sub-MADU carries out.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention comprises: a plurality of TDF, based on the input signal that the data communication network by described block exchange mode receives, the interruption of the channel of prediction and described data communication network; And comparator, by coming the input signal of comparison from a plurality of described TDF by the time sequence, thereby whether decision sends to described MADU with trigger interface.
Structure below mobile communication terminal of the present invention adopts in described invention, described TDF comprises: a plurality of delay time registers that described input signal write down and keeps certain hour by each generation of its reception; To multiply by a plurality of multipliers of the weight that each described delay time register is prepared respectively from the output of described delay time register; And a plurality of values that multiply each other from a plurality of described multipliers inputs are added predefined value and the adder that adds up to.
Communication system of the present invention comprises the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes and the mobile communication terminal roamed and constituting between described data communication network, described mobile communication terminal comprises: NAU, have by adjust hardware, software and agreement separately specification and the access to netwoks mechanism set uniquely; And MADU, use a group interface and described NAU to carry out information exchange, thus the employed channel of decision communication session, and control and the corresponding described NAU of channel that determines.
Structure below communication system of the present invention adopts in described invention, the data communication network of described block exchange mode comprises the base station, this base station is when the channel of formation and described mobile communication terminal, dynamically set the group of weight, and described mobile communication terminal is provided the group of the described weight of setting, the group of the described weight that provides from described base station apparatus is provided for described mobile communication terminal, by a plurality of tapped delay filters that comprise in the mobile communication terminal predict and described base station between the interruption of the described channel that forms.
Structure below communication system of the present invention adopts in described invention, described mobile communication terminal sends to described base station with control messages, this control messages comprises the timing that described NAU sends the trigger interface of being set by described MADU, described base station sends the group of the described weight corresponding with described control messages to described mobile communication terminal when receiving described control messages.
Structure below communication system of the present invention adopts in described invention, the data communication network of described block exchange mode have and described mobile communication terminal between form the base station of channel, described base station is when sending triggering message from described mobile communication terminal request, perhaps monitor the position of described mobile communication terminal and detect when described mobile communication terminal having taken place moving to the outer incident of its actuating range, described mobile communication terminal is sent triggering message, this triggering message comprises: the unique identifier that is used for having formed between definite and the described mobile communication terminal base station of current channel, be used for the new unique identifier that forms other base station of channel between definite and the described mobile communication terminal, what described incident took place infers constantly, described mobile communication terminal transmits control message to the described base station that has formed current channel, and when the generation that detects described incident, described base station requests is sent described triggering message, and described control messages comprises: the unique identifier that is used for determining described mobile communication terminal, be used for determining unique identifier of described triggering message, described incident infer constantly before send the required time range of described triggering message.
The loaming method of mobile communication terminal of the present invention, in communication system, being used for described mobile communication terminal roams between the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes, described communication system comprise have described mobile communication terminal and and described mobile communication terminal between form channel the base station a plurality of described block exchange modes data communication network and constitute, described mobile communications device comprises: NAU, have by adjust hardware, software and agreement separately specification and the access to netwoks mechanism set uniquely; And MADU, use a group interface and described NAU to carry out information exchange, thereby the employed channel of decision communication session, and control and the corresponding described NAU of channel that determines, described loaming method comprises: the step that described mobile communication terminal transmits control message to the described base station that has formed current channel, and described control messages comprises: the unique identifier that is used for determining described mobile communication terminal, be used for determining unique identifier of described triggering message, incident outside described mobile communication terminal moves to the actuating range of described base station infer constantly before send the required time range of described triggering message; Described mobile communication terminal sends the step of described triggering message to described base station requests when the generation that detects described incident; And described base station is when sending triggering message from described mobile communication terminal request, perhaps monitor the position of described mobile communication terminal and detect when described mobile communication terminal having taken place moving to the outer incident of its actuating range, described mobile communication terminal is sent the step that triggers message, and this triggering message comprises: the unique identifier that is used for having formed between definite and the described mobile communication terminal base station of current channel, be used for the new unique identifier that forms other base station of channel between definite and the described mobile communication terminal, what described incident took place infers constantly.
According to mobile communication terminal of the present invention, owing to comprise: network access unit (NAU), have by adjust hardware, software and agreement separately specification and the access to netwoks mechanism set uniquely; And MADU, use a group interface and described NAU to carry out information exchange, thereby the employed channel of decision communication session, and control and the corresponding described NAU of channel that determines, therefore the agreement to upper layer sends triggering in advance before carrying out switching, so the agreement of upper layer for example realizes continual level and smooth switching by the main control of UPL.
In addition, according to mobile communication terminal of the present invention,, therefore can guarantee to be the required time of NAU in the change use fully owing to can predict whether the channel of the current formation in the mobile communication terminal interrupts from now on.
And, according to mobile communication terminal of the present invention, when the channel in current use will interrupt from now on, since can with the current access to netwoks mechanism access to netwoks mechanism that replaces of parallel work-flow independently, therefore when mobile communication terminal is come in and gone out the actuating range of various base stations, can be suppressed to Min. the break period of communication session.
In addition, according to mobile communication terminal of the present invention, because trigger interface is specified the same form, therefore even the network interface unit that provides from different distributors or different manufacturers is provided in mobile communication terminal in the lump, also can be alleviated the structure of UPL or the complexity of signal processing.
In addition, according to comprising the communication system that mobile communication terminal of the present invention constitutes, because the transmission reception that this communication system is supported control messages and triggered message, even therefore a plurality of NAU are the mobile communication terminals with an access mechanism, also can play described each effect effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of structure of the mobile communication terminal of expression embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the timing diagram of the action of the MADU when being used to illustrate the switching of embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of structure of the mobile communication terminal of expression embodiments of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of example application of structure of the mobile communication terminal of expression embodiments of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of structure of the mobile communication terminal of expression embodiments of the present invention 3.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the structure of expression embodiments of the present invention 4 employed switching estimators.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the structure of expression embodiments of the present invention 4 employed TDF.
Fig. 8 is the figure of summary of the system of the expression mobile communication terminal that comprises embodiments of the present invention 5.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is by using mobile communication terminal, when between the data communication network of block exchange mode, roaming, each described data communication network dividing is joined the NAU communication channel that has among described NAU or the described NAU form channel, operate corresponding described NAU or the described NAU communication channel of each channel simultaneously concurrently with the front and back of switching, thereby old address that will so far use and the new address of after this using are associated, carry out the interruption of switching and can not produce communication session (session) smoothly, described mobile communication terminal comprises: NAU has the access to netwoks mechanism of setting uniquely; MADU uses a group interface and described NAU to carry out information exchange, thus the employed channel of decision communication session, and control and the corresponding described NAU of channel that determines; And UPL, use described interface and a plurality of described NAU and described MADU to carry out information exchange, and mainly they are controlled.
Among the present invention, the agreement that discloses the upper layer in the mobile communication terminal can obtain the content of triggering from NAU.This triggering can provide each inscape to handle the timing of switching relevant signal when mobile communication terminal is roamed.Thereby this triggering can have the signal of warning of conduct to the interruption or the switching of the channel in the current use.Therefore, if use this triggering, can guarantee fully that then the agreement of upper layer is handed off to other required time of NAU with communication session from a certain NAU, so can realize continual level and smooth switching communication session.
In addition, in the present invention, specify the same interface with the structure of the agreement of eliminating upper layer and the complexity of signal processing.Thus, even in the interchangeability that also can guarantee under the situation that the network interface unit that provides from different distributors or different manufacturers is provided in the lump between these cards.In addition, in the present invention, the translating routine of regulation interface is so that such network interface unit and mobile communication terminal are unified smoothly.
In the present invention, with the break period that shortens the network service be purpose, in order to realize the transition of the communication session in the upper layer, trigger message by the protocol processes of upper layer, therefore need have the mobile communication terminal of a plurality of access mechanisms.In the present invention, when the agreement of upper layer obtained the triggering message that the interruption of the described channel in the current use is warned before described channel interruption, the network access machine of the replacement different with access to netwoks mechanism in the current use began action before described channel interruption.Thereby in the present invention, the handing-over of beginning communication session is prepared before the actual interruption that causes described channel.
In addition, in the communication system that constitutes comprising mobile communication terminal of the present invention, if support that this mobile communication terminal is sent reception triggers message, then this mobile communication terminal is only by having an access to netwoks mechanism, thereby can avoid the interruption of the channel in the current use to realize level and smooth switching as above-mentioned.
In addition, the mobile communication terminal of the such triggering message of warning is switched in the timing request transmission that is included in appointment in the communication system of the present invention, and the base station that described mobile communication terminal is sent the triggering message that is made of the form of stipulating in response to this transmission request.After this mobile communication terminal is obtained such triggering message from communication system, begin to be used for communication session is handed off to the preparation of the agreement of upper layer immediately.
In addition, in order easily to understand the record of this specification, following term is described simply.But even without described explanation, the meaning of these terms also should be understood to those skilled in the art.
(a) " grouping (packet) " be meant and can send the form that receives and be processed into regulation and data cell independently by data communication network.Grouping is that " head part " and " payload segment " constitutes by two parts usually." payload segment " is that the information conveyed section data is wanted in storage, and on the other hand, " head part " is that storage is used for determining that the transmission of grouping receives the part of the information of destination.Thereby, in " head part ", for the sender that discerns grouping and recipient and stored information source address and destination-address.
(b) " mobile node " is meant the inscape of the described network of change tie point in the data communication network of block exchange mode.In addition, short ofly mention especially, mobile node is represented the mobile communication terminal that terminal temperature difference uses.
(c) no matter " base station " is meant the kind of access technique and mobile node is provided for identifying oneself with the inscape of described network of the channel of data communication network.As the example of these access techniques, illustration radio communication, wire communication or optical communication.
Below, the execution mode that present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying.By the following description, specific number, the time, structure and parameter meaning further clear and definite.
(execution mode 1)
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of expression mobile communication terminal 100.
Mobile communication terminal 100 comprises m (m is the integer more than 2) network access unit (NAU:Network Access Unit) 101, UPL(Upper Protocol Layer, upper-layer protocol layer) 102, MADU(Multiple Access Decision Unit) 103.In addition, under the situation about briefly mentioning in that NAU101a is not distinguished them individually to 101m, only mark is as NAU101.
The network interface that NAU101 has with physics is the software and the access to netwoks mechanism of the agreement of using such hardware management to communicate by letter as inscape of the such hardware of hardware, control.For example, in the OSI(Open System of the International Organization for Stand (ISO) Interconnection, open system interconnection) in the model, NAU101 comprises all accord relevant with physical layer and data link layer.
The object of the present invention is to provide the mobile communication terminal with a plurality of access to netwoks mechanism, is that NAU101a is to 101m so mobile communication terminal 100 has a plurality of NAU101.In addition, a hardware can constitute plural different access to netwoks mechanism with physics mode.Such structure is formed each NAU101 and comprises the required function of each access to netwoks mechanism of formation.
Here, formed under the situation of effective channel between a certain access to netwoks mechanism and base station, the NAU101 with this access to netwoks mechanism is for effective.In addition, a NAU101 can use a plurality of access to netwoks of the same race mechanism and form a plurality of connections simultaneously with physics mode.For example, can form a plurality of effective channels simultaneously by using a plurality of antennas.In the situation of using like this access to netwoks mechanism of the same race, to have a plurality of NAU101 be NAU101a equates to the situation of 101m with mobile communication terminal 100.In this case, in order to determine to use which channel, also can MADU103 and NAU101 is unified, MADU103 is classified to arrange.Relate to for being arranged in the execution mode 3 of this classification.
UPL102 comprises can receive via the agreement of the whole upper layer of the grouping of one of them reception and registration of NAU101 and application and the abstract concept of conceptization.Osi model with ISO is an example, and UPL102 comprises application layer, presentation layer, session layer, transport layer and network layer.
MADU103 dynamically moves, and which NAU101 decision uses participate in data communication network.The main function of MADU103 is the channel in using when effectively the access link of NAU101 will go offline will interrupt the time, for use replacement other NAU101 and prepare and guarantee to finish this preparation.
Use Fig. 2 that the action of this MADU103 is described.Among Fig. 2, in the interval that is labeled as T1000, NAU101a is effective.
Then, in the moment that is labeled as T2000, send the trigger interface that the channel be used for expressing the use that NAU101a provides may interrupt in the near future from NAU101a.The MADU103 that receives this trigger interface becomes effectively NAU101b.
Then, in the interval that is labeled as T3000, replace NAU101a in order to use NAU101b, MADU103 carries out the action of NAU101b and prepares, to the UPL102 notice in the near future via communicating the situation of session with current different other NAU.This is by carrying out from the control signal that MADU103 sends to UPL102 via passage shown in Figure 1 112.After the action of NAU101b is ready to complete, from NAU101b UPL102 is transmitted grouping immediately.
Thereby, in the moment of the channel actual interrupt that promptly provides by NAU101a in the moment that is labeled as T4000, UPL102 has been transmitted grouping from NAU101b.This is desirable example, preferably is labeled as before interval (T4000 through later the interval) beginning of T5000 promptly before the channel actual interrupt that is provided by NAU101a, and a series of step of such switching is all finished.
Another function of MADU103 is to carry out NAU101a to the adjustment between the 101m the several of NAU101 when effective.Which all may there be a plurality of effective NAU101 that UPL102 provided communication session constantly at.MADU103 determines the nearest employed NAU101 of communication session based on NAU101 condition information separately.When the NAU101 that the needs change is used, whenever MADU103 dynamically specifies another NAU101, notifies this situation via the 112 couples of UPL102 in path then.
When selecting the NAU101 of use from a plurality of NAU101, MADU102 can use following benchmark.
(i) select to provide the NAU101 of the most cheap visit of the expense of access to netwoks mechanism (the access to netwoks mechanism that has is owing to use the network of the such costliness of artificial satellite link, and the expense of therefore comparing with IEEE802.11 is high significantly).
(ii) select the minimum NAU101 of power consumption (the such IEEE802.11 of the access to netwoks mechanism that has and moonlet link compares and consumes more electric power significantly) of access to netwoks mechanism.
The highest NAU101 of bit rate of the channel that bandwidth of (iii) selecting access mechanism Network Based etc. provides.
The validity of (iv) investigating access to netwoks mechanism is the moving state of mobile communication terminal 100 and to select to keep the longest connect hours be the effective NAU101 of maximum duration.
(v) select access to netwoks mechanism (network access machine that has is made as better QoS(Quality of Service, service quality) to support, for example, fluctuate lower, postpone shorter) NAU101 of better QoS support is provided.
(vi) provide the safety of access to netwoks mechanism (the access to netwoks mechanism that has is compared the protection that the better traffic (traffic) is provided with other) to support the i.e. NAU101 of the fail safe of the best.
(vii) select the promptly high NAU101 of physical characteristic of access to netwoks mechanism (the access to netwoks mechanism that has is compared with other can stand higher temperature) to the adaptability of environment.
(viii) select adapting to place and provisioning information (the access to netwoks mechanism that has because legal provisions etc. and can not use in the zone that has) is the NAU101 that utilizes the place of mobile communication terminal.
(ix) selecting the traffic load of access to netwoks mechanism is the minimum NAU101 of signal processing load.
(x) said reference is weighted, and each benchmark after the weighting is added up to (weight can be 0, can be sure also can negate), select it to add up to maximum NAU101.
Thus, consider that MADU103 needs to set trigger interface in NAU101.The timing that particularly sends trigger interface is realizing level and smooth switching and it is being guaranteed very important.
And then MADU103 needs dynamically to make NAU101 effective or invalid.In addition, the MADU103 decision makes effective NAU101 alternately.MADU103 carries out such decision need be from the NAU101 acquisition of information.For such information is provided, define the form of a group interface.This is the form that sends the control signal that receives between MADU103 and NAU101 in Fig. 1 via path 111.Below describe this group interface in detail.
Initial interface is from inquiry (Query) interface of MADU103 to each NAU101 transmission, is used to inquire the relevant information as the NAU101 of target, and definition as follows.
Query（IN?Query_Code;OUT?Query_Result）
Here, inquiry code (Query_Code) is the unique identifier that is used to discern the content of inquiry, and on the other hand, Query Result (Query_Result) is the answer for inquiry, is the buffering area that is used to store the information of relevant NAU101 as target.
Second interface is setting (Configure) interface that sends to each NAU101 from MADU103.This interface is used to set the specific setup parameter as the NAU101 of target, and definition as follows.
Configure（IN?Parameter_Code;IN?Parameter_Value;）
Here, parameter code (Parameter_Code) is the unique identifier that is used to discern the setup parameter of adjustment.Parameter value (Parameter_Value) is the parameter value of expressing that should set in addition.Parameter_Value then can have compound field (field) if desired, and can store multiple parameter values for different setting purposes.
The 3rd interface is triggering (Trigger) interface that sends to MADU103 from NAU101.This interface is for NAU101 MADU103 to be sent the triggering of specific incident or the interface of notice, as gives a definition.
Trigger（IN?NAU_Identifier;IN?Trigger_Event;）
Here, NAU identifier (NAU_Identifier) is the unique identifier that is used to discern the NAU101 that has sent trigger interface, and trigger event (Trigger_Event) is that whole records have taken place and the record of event from now on accords with.For example, if the trigger interface of expense change, then Trigger_Event comprises the event code that is used to determine event types such as " Cost-Rise ", and the expense of reality recorded and narrated under the situation of " per minute 10 minutes ", comprise the event code of the event type that is used to specify its corresponding data structure.In addition, may gather in trigger interface and have a plurality of Trigger_Event.In addition, trigger interface can comprise the relevant warning of channel interruption in the current use.
MADU103 is owing to can directly sending to NAU101 with described interface, so needn't specify NAU_Identifier for query interface and setting interface.But, sending from NAU101 under the situation of trigger interface, NAU101 need make MADU103 identification NAU101 self.Thus, MADU103 can confirm that incident has taken place which NAU101.
About query interface,, enumerate following example as the example of MADU103 for the inquiry that can use of condition information arbitrarily of inquiry NAU101.
(1) inquiry of situation: MADU103 requester network access mechanism is effectively or the situation of the such NAU101 of battery saving mode.
(2) inquiry of expense: MADU103 inquiry service provider requires the such connection charge of payment.
(3) inquiry of ability: maximum throughput that MADU103 requester network access mechanism is permitted or the such connection speed of bandwidth.
The inquiry of Lian Jieing: MADU103 inquiry SNR(Signal-to-Noise Ratio, signal to noise ratio) or the quality condition of such connection such as signal strength signal intensity (4).
(5) inquiry of QoS: MADU103 inquiry is used to guarantee that the such QoS of parameter of the QoS of the data flow between 2 supports.
(6) inquiry of electric power: MADU103 inquires about the such power consumption of duration under the current battery condition.
The inquiry of (7) saving from damage: the MADU103 inquiry security mechanism that NAU101 supported.
These whole inquiry types can be set to the mark (flag) in the interrogation code, make one to inquire about a plurality of inquiries of double as.About the such inquiry of for example TSPEC of the structure of special parameter of needs or plurality of fixed, if wherein have mark then together transmit with inquiry.
MADU103 can send a plurality of query interfaces simultaneously to different NAU101.MADU103 when this makes it possible to promptly determine to switch.
Query_Result makes it possible to when a certain channel interruption, is selected newly to be made as the NAU101 of effective replacement by MADU103.In addition, MADU103 periodically monitors the situation of NAU101, and calculates the expense under the situation of using each NAU101.When the cost of use of clear and definite current NAU101 surpassed the cost of use of the NAU101 that replaces, MADU103 switched by force to use more cheap channel.
Query_Result comprises the different return value from NAU101 that the Query_Code by query interface causes.Answer for the inquiry that exists among the Query_Code is stored among the Query_Result.Therefore, must execution will inquire about and answer (result) related method.For example, can be with the data structure of whole query structures unified and dispose again according to the search order of Query_Code.With as follows according to the result's who comprises among the corresponding Query_Result of the tactic inquiry of Query_Code example.
(1)Status?Query?Result::=
<Not_in_use::=0x00|Power_Save_Mode::=0x01|Active::=0x02>;
(2)Cost?Query?Result::=<Charging?Rate><Charging?Interval>;
(3)Capability?Query?Result::=<Supported?Bandwidth>
(4)Connection?Query?Result::=<Connection?Status(compound?filed)＞;
(5)Qos?Query?Result::=<TSPEC><Priority><DSCP?code>;
(6)Power?Query?Result::=<How?many?seconds?could?it?last?with?current?battery>;
(7)Security?Query?Result::=<Security_mechanism_supported>.
MADU103 uses the setting interface for certain parameter of setting NAU101.This moment, spendable setting example was as follows.
(1)activating?or?de-activating?an?NAU101::=
<Active::=0x01|Deactive::=0x00|Power?Save::=0x02>
(2)requesting?the?sending?of?specific?trigger?interfaces,e.g.when?cost?from?using?the?connection?changes,send?a?trigger?to?MADU103::=
<Request_Trigger::=0x02><Trigger_Request::=*<Trigger_Type>*<Trigger?Condition>>;
(3)requesting?the?cancellation?of?sending?of?specific?trigger?interfaces,e.g.do?not?send?a?trigger?when?the?modulation?scheme?changes::=
<Request?No_Trigger::=0x03><Trigger_Request::=
*<Trigger_Type>*<Trigger?Condition>>;
(4)setting?the?timing?requirements?associated?to?the?sending?of?specific?trigger?interfaces,e.g.how?many?seconds?before?the?signal?strength?drop?to?certain?level,a?trigger?must?be?sent::=
<Set?Timefor?Trigger::=0x04><Trigger_Time_Request::=*<Trigger_Type>*<Time?requirement>>;
(5)setting?thresholds?for?sending?certain?trigger?interfaces,e.g.if?the::=<Set?Threshold::=0x05><Trigger_Threshold::=*<Trigger_Type>*<Threshold>>;
(6)setting?the?pattern?of?sending?certain?trigger?interfaces::=<Set?Trigger?Pattern::=0x06><Trigger_patterns::=*<Trigger_Type>*<Pattern>>;
(7)requesting?NAU101to?connect?through?another?base?station,::=<Redirect_NAU::=0x07><Base?station?identifier>;and
(8)setting?the?criteria?for?having?a?handoff?by?NAU101,::=<Handoff_Criteria::=0x08><Criteria>.
NAU101 uses trigger interface for MADU103 is sent information or the relevant indication of action in order to obtain and then will to carry out.
The example of trigger interface is as follows.
<NAU_Trigger>::=<NAU_Identifier><Trigger_Event::=*<Trigger_Type>*<Trigger?Info>>
The information that offers MADU103 from NAU101 by trigger interface is used to carry out and keeps switching among MADU103 or the load of the equilibrium of decision.For example, if the cost of use of the channel in the current use of NAU101 is above prior specified threshold value and under the state that increases, when MADU103 was sent trigger interface, MADU103 transmitted the traffic of fraction UPL102 in order to cut down the expense of communication to another NAU101.
The example of information that offers MADU103 by trigger interface from NAU101 is as follows.
(1) base station mistake
For example, the interruption equal difference that meets with the upstream link in the base station is staggered the time, when perhaps meeting with some hardware problems, when perhaps having interrupted the channel to a certain data communication network etc., the base station is broadcast to the beacon signal in the network of IEEE802.11 a plurality of NAU101 or individually NAU101 is sent notice.NAU101 successively to MADU103 provide about with the information of the channel status of base station.MADU103 is for to the switching of another base station or the decision when using another NAU101 and use this information.
(2) variation of channel expense
For example, when existence is attached to variation in the data communication networks such as mobile router in another managerial territory, be used to use the expense of this channel also to change.For example when the management of using based on IEEE802.1x, EAP is notified via the access to netwoks mechanism of the concrete method as notification message in the base station to NAU101.This information sends MADU103 to by the NAU101 that uses trigger interface.
(3) change of QoS support
Exist during for example the QoS of IEEE802.11e network supports when changing at data communication network, the TSPEC that NAU101 asked is not supported by data communication network that NAU101 can send to MADU103 with trigger interface.If NAU101 supports QoS to consult (negotiation), then NAU101 can provide the QoS of new negotiation to support to MADU103 equally.And MADU103 can determine to use NAU101 still to carry out switching etc.
(4) change of secured fashion
MADU103 can use the setting interface for NAU101 being adjusted into desirable safe class.NAU101 may bring another secured fashion with base station negotiation secured fashion the time.In this case, NAU101 can use trigger interface in order to notify MADU103, and MADU103 can determine to receive new secured fashion, perhaps whether should use another NAU101.
(5) change of modulation system
Because several reasons, data communication network may determine the change of modulation system during a certain NAU101 is effective communication session.NAU101 with a plurality of antennas can be according to different modulation systems and with different base station between form channel.Because these modifications are as bringing influence to power consumption and delay, so NAU101 should use trigger interface to notify these changes to MADU103.
Cause other reasons to the notice of MADU103 if exist signal power to be lower than preset threshold etc., then NAU101 carries out other base stations and switches.That is, surpass under the situation of a certain threshold value at error rate, NAU101 combines with other base stations and establishes channel.
MADU103 need write down and store the whole settings of relevant NAU101 and the information of relevant situation.This realizes by foundation table in the inside of MADU103 or outside storage device.When the trigger interface from NAU101 arrived, MADU103 upgraded the recording of information of relevant situation, carries out the decision of for example switching based on the information that provides then and the formality that determines.For example, if NAU101a transmitting channel expense is increased to the relevant trigger interface of 20 minutes state of per minute, MADU103 scan table then can be by NAU191a to the lower channel expense of which realization of 101m thereby understand fully.Then, if possible, MADU103 distributes to more cheap NAU101 with the part of the traffic.
In addition, MADU103 is for the information of the situation that obtains relevant NAU101 and periodically use query interface to come updating form.
For restart or have a power failure after initialization system again, the setting of relevant NAU101 and the information of situation are recorded in non-volatile storage device that MADU103 possesses.MADU103 also is provided for the space of storing daily record record, and for example about switching to which NAU101 etc. when, writes down the whole decisions in the scope sometime.Such information is useful for the situation of following the trail of problem from behind.And such information is provided for UPL102 in order to develop new application.
In addition, also can be out of shape, use the mobile communication terminal of present embodiment as follows.
MADU103 also can illustrate the whole signals that have special identifier in inquiry code and the parameter code, pass through to collect the special data of the signal in Query Result, parameter value and the trigger event then, thereby these a plurality of signals are sent to a plurality of NAU101 simultaneously.
In addition, MADU103 can comprise that also (1) write down and store the Nonvolatile memory devices of information of the situation of relevant NAU101, (2) described nonvolatile memory is carried out the device of access, (3) when receiving signal, upgrades NAU101 the device of the record corresponding with this signal, (4) when NAU101 obtains the information of relevant new situation, upgrade the device of this record, upgrade the device of this record when (5) have set NAU101 with new parameter group.
In addition, MADU103 is in order to write down and keep the full detail of relevant NAU101, also can carry out (1) thus the inside that is arranged on MADU103 or outside storage device are carried out the step of information that the situation of relevant NAU101 is produced in access, (2) thus described storage device is carried out the step that the recording of information relevant with the situation of NAU101 upgraded in access when NAU101 receives signal, (3) thus described storage device is carried out the step that the recording of information relevant with the situation of NAU101 upgraded in access when NAU101 obtains information about new situation, (4) thus when the NAU101 that used new parameter setting, described storage device is carried out the step of the access renewal recording of information relevant with the setting of NAU101.
In addition, NAU101 also can comprise with one of lower device at least, (1) to the device of the relevant change of the situation of the NAU101 that formed channel between MADU103 notice and the base station, (2) channel about providing by NAU101, this NAU101 is to the device of MADU103 notification channel expense, (3) channel about providing by NAU101, this NAU101 notifies the device of the QoS grade of supporting in this channel to MADU103, (4) channel about providing by NAU101, NAU101 notifies the device of the secured fashion that utilizes in this channel to MADU103, (5) channel about being provided by NAU101, NAU101 are provided at the device of the modulation system of utilizing in this channel to MADU103.
In addition, NAU101 also can bring into play following these functions, (1) provides state variation to MADU103 about the quality of channel that provides, (2) carry out and the data communication network of block exchange mode between form the preparation of channel, (3) to the decision of the relevant described network that is sent by the base station of MADU103 notice, (4) notify the situation of relevant change action to MADU103.
(execution mode 2)
The whole NAU101 of the specification requirement of each inscape in the execution mode 1 understands the content of three interfaces that define and defers to.NAU101 is owing to provided by different distributors or manufacturer usually, and therefore whole NAU101 not necessarily can understand described interface.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention 2, in mobile communication terminal 100, the translater of additional NAU101 special use is NIT305.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the structure of expression mobile communication terminal 300.The function that mobile communication terminal 100 in the most of performance of the inscape of mobile communication terminal 300 and the execution mode 1 is same.Therefore, for the inscape of the mobile communication terminal 300 of the inscape of mobile communication terminal 100 performance said function additional with to mobile communication terminal 100 additional with reference to label identical with reference to label, and omit its explanation.
In mobile communication terminal 300, NAU interface translater (NIT) 305a to 305m is inserted into respectively between NAU301a to NAU301m and the MADU103.NIT305 is the translater of NAU301a to the NAU301m special use of its form being translated clearly for NAU301 can understand three described interfaces.In the path 111 between MADU103 and NIT305, send the interface that receives in the execution mode 1.And, in the path 313 between NIT305 and NAU301, send and receive the described interface that is translated for NAU301.In addition, NAU301 except needs NIT305, the performance with execution mode 1 in the same function of NAU101.In addition, owing to can utilize and known market product among the NIT305, therefore omit explanation about its concrete structure and action.
By such use NIT305,, also can use a MADU103 to carry out the level and smooth mutual utilization of a plurality of NAU301 even under the situation that a plurality of NAU301 are provided by a plurality of distributors or manufacturer.
In addition, mobile communication terminal 300 is for can be at IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) between the interface of 802 defineds, can exchange message between the interface of the interface of IEEE802 defined and specification defined in addition or between the upper layer of UPL102, also can in MADU103, carry out MIH(Media Independent Handover, media independent handovers) service.Fig. 4 represents to have the mobile communication terminal 1300 of such structure.Under situation shown in Figure 4, NAU101 is in order to register SAP(Service Access Points, service access point) and definition action or the PHY(PHYsical corresponding respectively with each medium) medium, utilize in addition as make with MADU103 communicate by letter and MIH serves the SAP Modules(SAPM that becomes easy NIT305 and put down in writing).In addition, under the situation of such structure, MADU103 detects remaining SAP respectively in order to confirm whether to have the NIT305 that communicates by interface or PHY medium, inquires based on available trigger interface during discovery, then the information that obtains of storage.In addition, the new interface that inserts sends LL-REGISTER.request for NAU101 is registered to MADU103 via NIT305.And then, also can not register and carry out the inquiry of the validity of relevant trigger interface from MADU103 as the UPL102 of upper layer.But, in order to ask to trigger and other information, receive then, UPL102 must first registers itself is ULT(Upper Layer Translator shown in Figure 4 with SAPM that MADU103 uses, the upper strata translater) 1305.In addition, UPL102 is a plurality of upper layer protocols, and it is ULT1305 that these a plurality of upper layer protocols require each independent SAPM.In addition, in mobile communication terminal 1300, using SAPM by different interfaces or agreement is the communication that NIT305 or ULT1305 carry out the MIH information on services between the agreement of the interface of lower layer and upper layer.NIT305 is for suitable Distance Matching interface or the particular value of PHY medium, the particular value of the same match protocol of ULT1305 in addition of MIH service (MAD103).This owing to the information that sends to UPL102 via ULT1305 or the distance and carry out conversely.It is general state that interface that this produces in the future for MADU103 or MIH or agreement also allow.Old-fashioned interface or agreement can be utilized the MIH SPAM of standard specification.
(execution mode 3)
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of structure of the mobile communication terminal 400 of expression embodiments of the present invention 3.In mobile communication terminal 400, adopt the mode of grading control MADU.In addition, the inscape of the mobile communication terminal 100 in the inscape of mobile communication terminal 400 majority and the execution mode 1 has same function.Therefore, for the inscape of the mobile communication terminal 300 of the inscape of mobile communication terminal 100 performance said function additional with to mobile communication terminal 100 additional with reference to label identical with reference to label, and omit its explanation.
Under the situation that this NAU401 and common NAU101 together use, MADU103 is used to the system level control in the mobile communication terminal 400.As shown in Figure 5, sub-MADU406 does not directly communicate with UPL.Replace in this, sub-MADU406 sends necessary message via circuit 111 and MADU103 to UPL102.Thereby sub-MADU406 brings into play its function clearly in mobile communication terminal 400.
In addition, sub-MADU406 is the inscape of the NAU communication channel 407 used in communication session of decision, therefore the special identifier of expression self can be used for trigger interface.MADU103 determines based on trigger event after obtaining the trigger interface with this special identifier immediately, and takes action corresponding to this, in the case of necessary, UPL102 sent the notice of this situation.
The form that sends the interface that receives via path 413 also can be the unique form in the path 413, but preferably the form with the interface that sends receptions via path 111 is identical.In addition, send via path 413 under the situation that the interface that receives is made of unique form, preferred sub-MADU406 possess with execution mode 2 in the same function of NIT305, and work clearly.Thus, MADU103 can directly communicate with NAU communication channel 407 apparently.
In addition, sub-MADU406 also can provide from different distributors with MADU103.In this case, also can between sub-MADU406 and MADU103, dispose NIT305, between sub-MADU406 and MADU103, send the interface that receives and suitably translated.In addition, if NAU communication channel 407 plays the function same with common NAU101, then its structure is not limited especially.
In addition, according to the mobile communication terminal 400 of present embodiment,, therefore can obtain MADU103 and sub-MADU406 from different distributors owing to can between MADU103 and a plurality of sub-MADU406, dispose NIT.
(execution mode 4)
As can be seen from Figure 2, in order to realize level and smooth switching, before the channel actual interrupt in current use, must ask to send trigger interface to NAU101a from MADU103.The action of carrying out NAU101b prepare and from NAU101a reality to required time of NAU101b call forwarding session with send the timing that triggers and be associated.This expression NAU101 need predict switching.In addition, shift the required time of described communication session according to the type of the employed access to netwoks mechanism of this communication session and difference, therefore the timing that is sent out of described trigger interface also needs to cooperate this time to adjust.MADU103 is by setting interface, to send its shortest time of timing setting of trigger interface before the channel interruption from NAU101.
In embodiments of the present invention 4, in the illustrated mobile communication terminal 100 of execution mode 1, NAU101 specifically describes in order to predict the structure and the parts that switch and have.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of expression structure of known devices as switching estimator 500.Switch estimator 500 and can be built in NAU101, also can be arranged on its outside with the NAU101 direct communication.NAU101 sends trigger interface for based on the described timing of setting with the shortest time as the early warning that switches, and uses and switches estimator 500.Switch estimator 500 and comprise a plurality of TDF(Tapped-Delay Filters, tapped delay filter) 502a to 502m(m is the integer more than 2) and comparator 503 and constituting.
TDF502 predicts the channel interruption of communication session based on the signal via circuit 511 inputs.In addition, the signal that TDF502 is imported respectively is a signal independently mutually.As such input signal, do not limit its kind especially, for example enumerate for SNR from the received signal of base station.In addition, be used to send the timing of trigger interface via 510 pairs of TDF502 inputs of circuit notice in order to control TDF502.
Represent the probability of the channel interruption of the communication session that calculates based on input signal from the output of TDF502, be transfused to comparator 503 via circuit 512.
Fig. 7 represents the concrete structure of TDF502.Among the TDF502, input signal is imported a series of delay time register 621 successively.Each delay time register 621 keeps input signal during till the input signal in 621 output these last generations of the delay time register that closes on of the input signal that keeps last generation temporarily.Like this, if the sample number of input signal is made as m, the TDF502 that then has m-1 delay time register 621 can " store " m sample.These samples that " are stored " are transfused to multiplier 622, here, and by coefficient w[1] to w[m] weighting respectively.The sample that has been weighted is transfused to adder 623, here, adds up to interim constant biased w [0].This aggregate value is imported into comparator 503 as the output from TDF502.
If with certain in a flash the input signal among the n be expressed as x(n), output signal y(n that then should moment from comparator 503) on mathematics as shown below.
Y (n)=w[0]+sum ofall i from1to m{x[n-i+1] .w[i] .. ... (formula 1)
Return Fig. 6, the signal of temporarily importing TDF502 is the signal of notice via the described timing of path 510 inputs.TDF502 can according to the input timing signal use weight w[0] to w[m] and not on the same group.Thus, TDF502 can suitably adjust this output regularly according to the timing signal of input.In addition, this timing signal also is provided for comparator 503.This makes comparator 503 to come the different output valve of comparison from TDF502 according to the timing signal of input.In addition, weight w[0] to w[m] can not specify in advance on the same group by distributors or manufacturer yet.
In order to determine weight, manufacturer takes advantage of the such linear filter of the theory of error (for example, with reference to non-patent literature 3) can use exercise (training) method of standard for minimum average B configuration two.In addition, when between NAU101 and base station, forming channel, also can dynamically provide weight w[0 from the base station] to w[m] group.Like this, the base station can the specified value change the group of weight so that all mobile communication terminal 100 right to use heavy phases with group.In this case, the group of different weights can be specified in the base station in different timings.
Another possibility is that weight is determined in advance, uses this weight in each mobile communication terminal 100.The number of the weight of using and the value corresponding with weight also can be determined by standardisation bodies.The outright selling merchant or the manufacturer that meet this standardisation bodies are advised by this group that mobile communication terminal 100 is provided.Predict that thus described distributors or manufacturer use the weight that is predetermined by service provider.
The use of TDF502 is an example of specializing of switching estimator 500.Except TDF502, use strong and famous Kalman filter (for example), multilayer perceptron neural net or the recidivity neural net (for example) of predictive ability with reference to non-patent literature 5 with reference to non-patent literature 4, also can constitute and switch estimator 500.According to these filters etc., need the suitably group of specified weight.In addition, the group of different weights is asked the timing of trigger interface according to MADU103 and is suitably born.
The group of these weights is determined in advance by distributors or manufacturer, is perhaps specified in advance by standardisation bodies, is born by the base station when perhaps forming channel between NAU101 and base station.
In fact, owing to the base station is positioned at better position for actuating range and the feature of knowing self, be the method that meets reason so obtain weight from the base station.Therefore, we are at two specific scripts of following record (scenario).
In first script, when establishing channel between NAU101 and base station, the base station sends the group of different weights to NAU101.In this case, the number of the structure of known switching estimator 500 and weight.For the group of each weight, the corresponding time range of inferring is specified in the base station.For example, the group of weight is registered as under 0 to 500msec the situation, use the group of this weight represent to switch estimator 500 cause switching 0 to 500msec before can send the relevant trigger interface of switching.In addition, the group of same weight is registered as under 500 to 1000msec the situation, switch estimator 500 cause switching 500 to 1000msec before can send the relevant trigger interface of switching.Like this, NAU101 writes down the group of different weights, causes then by MADU103 to set the timing that sends trigger interface, uses the group of the weight corresponding with this timing.
Second script is that the control messages that NAU101 will comprise the request of the timing of being set by MADU103 sends to the base station.The base station that receives this control messages sends the group of the weight corresponding with this mobile communication terminal 100.Like this, NAU101 only keeps the group of a weight to get final product.And MADU103 sets the request of the different timing be used for trigger interface, and NAU101 sends query messages to the base station of the request of having pointed out described timing.Then, this base station uses the group of corresponding weight to respond.
(execution mode 5)
In the embodiments of the present invention 5, explanation is being that the data communication network and the mobile communication terminal of a plurality of block exchange modes of forming of center is in the communication system of inscape with the base station, step and mode thereof under the situation of mobile communication terminal roaming.
In the communication system that constitutes comprising a plurality of data communication networks, the roaming of mobile communication terminal is promptly switched may produce the situation that is caused by data communication network.Such situation is easy to generate under the situation of the intensive formation in a plurality of base stations that constitutes communication system.A plurality of base stations can cooperate with each other for the position that monitors mobile communication terminal.And, these base stations mobile communication terminal from the current base station that has formed channel when move other base stations, can detect the relevant significant incident of switching.
The structure of the communication system of Fig. 8 reduced representation present embodiment.This communication system is made of the data communication network and the mobile communication terminal 704 of three block exchange modes that are formed centrally in three base stations 701,702 and 703 being.Base station 701,702 and 703 uses triangulation method to monitor the position of mobile communication terminal 704 respectively individually.Therefore, base station 701,702 and 703 in real time test example such as mobile communication terminal 704 from the situation of actuating range to the actuating range of base station 703 moves of base station 701.
When mobile, the timing of the appointment before causing switching transmits control message from 704 pairs of base stations of mobile communication terminal the mobile communication terminal 704 that exists in the actuating range of a certain base station in the actuating range of other base station.This control messages comprises following field.
(1) identifier of mobile communication terminal,
(2) the triggering type of Yao Qiuing is promptly switched warning,
(3) moment transmission before of inferring handover event triggers the required timing of message.
In addition, detecting handover event is very during significant situation in any one base station for mobile communication terminal 704, and the triggering message that the base station of having carried out this detection will comprise following field sends to mobile communication terminal 704.
(1) trigger type and promptly switch warning,
(2) identifier of present base station,
(3) identifier of new base station,
(4) moment of Yu Ce switching.
In addition, in this communication system, mobile communication terminal 704 has under the situation of an access to netwoks mechanism or NAU101, MADU103, UPL102, and mobile communication terminal 704 can utilize alerts triggered in order to realize level and smooth switching.It is t_handoff that MADU103 calculated in UPL102 for the required time of the switching that communicates session.And MADU103 is during the t_handoff that calculates before the handover event, in order to send the control messages of switching warning message and the base station transmission being used to ask to trigger message.
When NAU101 obtained such alert message, NAU101 sent the MADU103 that uses trigger interface and triggers.Then, MADU103 indicates the switching of inferring handover event and preparing communication session to UPL102.This brings level and smooth switching to UPL102.
As implement in the mode 4 illustratedly, mobile communication terminal 704 can be followed the trail of moving of itself by the support of base station 701,702 and 703.Therefore, the purpose of TDF502 is the generation moment of inferring handover event, so base station 701,702 and 703 provides the group of weight to mobile communication terminal 704 for mobile communication terminal 704 can use filter.Because such communication system, 704 pairs of base stations of mobile communication terminal 701,702 and at least one transmission of 703 comprise the control messages of following field.
(1) identifier of mobile communication terminal,
(2) the triggering type of Yao Qiuing is promptly switched warning,
(3) moment transmission before of inferring handover event triggers the required timing of message.
In addition, the control messages of another type is answered for mobile communication terminal 704 in base station 701,702 and 703 along with the providing of group of the weight of using.By comprising following field in base station 701,702 and 703 answers that send.
(1) answer type (being used for representing that message comprises the group of weight),
(2) identifier of present base station,
(3) be used to predict the time range of handover event,
(4), use the filter of installing in the mobile communication terminal 704 and the group of the weight that should use in order to predict handover event.
This specification is based on the Japanese Patent Application 2003-284517 of application on July 31st, 2003.Its content all is contained in this.
The present invention is owing to the agreement to upper layer before carrying out switching sends trigger interface in advance, therefore can be used in by upper layer agreement for example the major control of UPL realize continual level and smooth switching, can be connected to the data communication network of a plurality of block exchange modes, and often change is used to participate in mobile communication terminal that the tie point of these networks promptly roams etc.
Claims (4)
1. the mobile communication terminal that moves between the data communication network of block exchange mode comprises:
Network access unit, it has the access to netwoks mechanism of setting uniquely;
Multiple access decision unit, obtain information by using a group interface and described network access unit to carry out information exchange, described information representation is interrupted at the employed channel of current communication session, before the actual generation of described interruption, the upper layer more than the network layer is notified, a described group interface comprises interface and trigger interface is set, the described interface that is provided with is used for and will comprises the signal of the identifier that is used to the incident of discerning, send to described network access unit from described multiple access decision unit, the described identifier of the incident of discerning that is used for is for identifying the identifier to described network access unit request notice from a plurality of incidents, described trigger interface is used for and will comprises the identifier that is used to discern described network access unit, the signal that the incident that notice is discerned by the described identifier that is used to the incident of discerning takes place or take place from now on sends to described multiple access decision unit from described network access unit.
2. mobile communication terminal as claimed in claim 1,
Described information comprises other the information of network access unit about using after described channel interruption.
3. the information switching method of multiple access decision unit in the mobile communication terminal that moves between the data communication network of block exchange mode comprises:
Described multiple access decision unit obtains information by using a group interface and network access unit to carry out information exchange, and described information representation is interrupted at the employed channel of current communication session,
Described information exchange may further comprise the steps:
To comprise the step that the identifier that is used to the incident of discerning sends to described network access unit, the described identifier of the incident of discerning that is used for is for identifying the identifier to described network access unit request notice from a plurality of incidents;
Described multiple access decision unit receives the step of generation that comprises the incident identifier that is used to discern described network access unit, that notice is discerned by the described identifier that is used to the incident of discerning or the signal that will take place from now on from described network access unit;
The step of described information was notified in described multiple access decision unit to the upper layer more than the network layer before the actual generation of described interruption.
4. information switching method as claimed in claim 3,
Described information comprises other the information of network access unit about using after described channel interruption.
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| CN1523801A (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2004-08-25 | ����ͨѶ�ɷ�����˾ | Method for switching between CDMA system and wireless LAN of mobile terminal |
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| JP3984447B2 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2007-10-03 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Communication control method and mobile terminal |
| JP4792692B2 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2011-10-12 | パナソニック株式会社 | Mobile communication device, mobile router, and mobile communication system |
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| CN1523801A (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2004-08-25 | ����ͨѶ�ɷ�����˾ | Method for switching between CDMA system and wireless LAN of mobile terminal |
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