CN101981570A - Open framework for integrating, associating and interacting with content objects - Google Patents
Open framework for integrating, associating and interacting with content objects Download PDFInfo
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- CN101981570A CN101981570A CN2009801105281A CN200980110528A CN101981570A CN 101981570 A CN101981570 A CN 101981570A CN 2009801105281 A CN2009801105281 A CN 2009801105281A CN 200980110528 A CN200980110528 A CN 200980110528A CN 101981570 A CN101981570 A CN 101981570A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
- G06F16/33—Querying
- G06F16/335—Filtering based on additional data, e.g. user or group profiles
- G06F16/337—Profile generation, learning or modification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/953—Querying, e.g. by the use of web search engines
- G06F16/9535—Search customisation based on user profiles and personalisation
Abstract
Information regarding a mobile user's context including but not limited to current mobile activity, social relations and associations history, and past mobile, search and browsing history is identified and converted to metadata. Metadata is also applied to content sources delivering content to a search engine or personalized content engine. The metadata is used in part to determine the relative display of content objects delivered to the mobile user as search results or a personalized aggregated information resource, e.g., home page. The user may select information, from one or more entities or search results or as presented to the user in other contexts, to be automatically delivered to the user's home page as a content feed including multiple content objects or content feeds associated with an entity. Information regarding mobile user activity permits publishers and advertisers to identify target candidates to receive advertisements or marketing materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention generally relates to the search inquiry and the feeding source related with mobile device and user's configuration of cluster on the network.
Background technology
Method described in this part is the method that can be inquired into, but the method for having been conceived or having inquired into not necessarily.Therefore, unless otherwise indicated, the method described in this part is not as the prior art of the claim among the application and not because of being written in this part to be admitted it is prior art.
The great variety of our daily life is constantly taking place to influence on the internet.For example, in current society, it is ubiquitous that mobile computing device is just becoming.A lot of mobile computing devices (for example personal digital assistant, cell phone etc.) can be used to transmit speech message, Email, text message etc., and are used for the information on the searching for Internet.See and have the people on automobile, train or steamer, to use their mobile device search businessman, restaurant, music, retail shop etc. no longer rare.Can imagine that these equipment will finally be allowed to use aboard, can be used for Wi-Fi (Wireless Internet Access) at least.
Owing to various reasons, mutual and content consumption is experienced and is transferred to mobile environment and always cause the experience that allows the user not too be satisfied with traditional web page browsing.In mobile device, screen real estate is very little.The navigation of any information that is presented is all relied on or is limited by the specific characteristic of specific mobile device possibly.Usually, the user is not in and can easily at will detects in the environment of WWW.In fact, the user may be in the environment of continuous variation, and this environment itself requires the user to pay concern significantly.Therefore, cut out to be suitable for mobile experience extremely important concerning the user to search-engine results and content consumption.
Accompany everywhere with the demand of carrying out relevant initiative information search, some mobile device users may be wanted to transmit content in automatic more mode, may be the contents of cutting out according to special interest groups, for example hobby or social networks group.Even the user has time, energy and the technology of manual configuration mobile device, the user also may be forced to keep content to receive the predefine information source than close limit, for example news headlines, weather and sports.Yet other user may want to transmit certain content according to active user's environment.
Similarly, advertiser is desirable to provide the information of cutting out at each user to improve user experience.Advertiser can transmit advertising information and roughly realize this purpose by a part that transmits as search-engine results, because have correlativity between user search term and the user's actual interest.Yet, the user not in the mobile environment of search, advertiser can only touch usually may move and need with the target audience of the information of their residing environmental correclation that maybe will go.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of an embodiment of wherein the present invention environment that can be implemented;
Fig. 2 shows exemplary search and the cluster search results on the mobile device.
Fig. 3 shows by use and is used in the cluster that the meta-data pack in the social networking scene realizes.
The result that Fig. 4 shows based on the search that does not produce the cluster result of being named generates.
Fig. 5 shows the mobile subscriber search system of execution to the conjunctive query of a plurality of data sources, wherein the third party card module is provided serves as the available form of search with the data conversion with them.
Fig. 6 shows the exemplary architecture that is used for the plug-in unit shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 shows the synoptic diagram that adds the arbitrary content engine;
Fig. 8 shows the directed engine of mobile homepage;
Fig. 9 shows the part of the example usage of adding the arbitrary content engine;
Figure 10 shows the part of the example usage of adding the arbitrary content engine;
Figure 11 shows the part of the example usage of adding the arbitrary content engine;
Figure 12 shows by the complete screen sectional drawing of the resulting mobile device of capability operation shown in Fig. 9 to 11 (some part is omitted);
Figure 13 shows the information that is associated with entity " the red socks in Boston (Boston Red Sox) ";
Figure 14 shows the user's configuration screen that uses in conjunction with each embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 shows the subclass with the oneSearch entity type of stagewise type-subtype relation tissue; And
Figure 16 is the block diagram that can implement the computer system of embodiments of the invention thereon.
Embodiment
In the following description, in line with illustrative purposes, a large amount of details is presented so that complete understanding of the present invention to be provided.Yet obviously the present invention also can be implemented under the situation of these details not having.In other example, known structure and equipment are illustrated to avoid unnecessarily fuzzy content of the present invention with the form of block diagram.
General view
Technology disclosed herein be for the personal content consumption of enriching the mobile subscriber in the following way, web browses and search experience, described mode is about to user's current mobile activity, social networks and related history and historical search and browsing data and includes with on the individualized mobile device that is presented at the user or collect in the mobile content of the user on the individualized homepage and dark a lot of aspects of information configuration.These technology can be used automatically, are perhaps carried out by the user.Content object can be that the user is by browsing or utilize the content of voice, Email, text, image, animation, action, audio or video and consumable arbitrary form of other user's communications or form, such as but not limited in the following content each or multinomial: text, numeric data, image, animation, audio frequency, video or its combination in any comprise the content that runs into as Search Results.Content can be from arbitrary data process source or equipment.
For example, in an embodiment, the contextual information relevant with user's current active obtains from mobile device or other source, and be transmitted to search engine general Search Results is resequenced in the individualized result set as metadata, described individualized result set comprises and is used for individualized mobile subscriber content request system and method, described mobile subscriber content request promptly by input and search or dynamic page combination request that the first group metadata addition that obtains according to the input scene obtains with the mobile subscriber, comprises the information of matching request and result's rank.
In an embodiment, one or more content objects are displayed on the mobile device.For each user-selected content object, one or more entities or entity type are determined to be associated with selected content object.Based on determined entity or entity type, the feed information source is created at least in part.The user feed information source can be put in user's homepage or the equipment and automatic reception based on the renewal of the corresponding web page in content object, entity or related information source or information.
In an embodiment, search result set is displayed on the mobile device.For each user-selected Search Results, be determined at the entity or the entity type of selected Search Results.To small part based on determined entity or entity type, the feed information source is created.The user feed information source can be put in user's homepage or the equipment and when the user result is carried out note so that following information source, result or search-type are included in they move in " homepage " time, based on upgrading with Search Results or the corresponding web page of resource or information automatic reception.
In an embodiment, at selected advertiser or product user's group is carried out rank.From user's group, at one group of one or more advertiser and conditional forecasting candidate target, described predict to small part based on user's context, advertisement copy and time of selecting in advance, be used for based on the actual classification contents configuration of user's mobile homepage and user within a certain period of time with the mutual of homepage and use data pin to advertiser to the user carry out refinement, qualification limits and mark.
In an embodiment, (1) user content on user's mobile device consumption and communicate by letter follows (2) user to provide about user's the interest and the information of intention to advertiser with relevant people in the scene that configuration, consumption, the mutual preference that is showed during with content shared and activity and (3) user carry out these actions.
The exemplary operations environment
Except as otherwise noted, otherwise illustrated move and the network operation environment is unnecessary for complete understanding each embodiment of the present invention, and also will no longer repeat here.These are illustrated moves and the network operation environment for example can be called the patented claim No.11/651 of " Clustered Search Processing (cluster seeking processing) " in name, finds in 102.Fig. 1 illustrates the high level schematic diagram of the mobile device with web browser, this mobile device and server communication.Server is connected to network and comprises and be configured to compile with the personal content engine that shows different content types and content source, be configured to carry out to the search engine of the search of network and be used for the user data tracking engine of control (instrument) and recording user behavior.
In Fig. 1, networked system 100 comprises mobile device 110, and this mobile device utilizes network 104 to communicate by letter with server 130.In an embodiment, network 104 is internets, but it also can be the non-public network such as the telecommunication carrier.Server 130 comprises one group of one or more search and data application 134.Search and data are used 134 and are comprised personalized content engines 140 and search engine 150, described content engines is configured to generate on a centralized displaying device and safeguard " homepage " with personal content type and source, and described search engine is configured to carry out the search to via the addressable data of network and internet. Or the privately owned user data network of Google and so on.
Search and data use 134 can comprise one or more with in the lower module: user data memory (UDS) 152, mobile search refinement manager 154, search module 156 and search for cluster module 158.These specific named tradition all are unnecessary for understanding method and system disclosed herein from any technology position, and just for convenience the reader provide.These modules will not be described in order, but will introduce and embodiment is illustrated as special characteristic.Though each module is all described separately with search engine 150, each module can be integrated in the search engine 150.
Before description can realize the exemplary operation environment of each embodiment therein, introduce the notion that comprises " social networks is with related " and " metadata " with description below.Afterwards, in the process of each embodiment is discussed, can be described more refinements of these notions.
Social networks is with related
Social networks connects people and activity and they are connected each other with related.Social networks and associated diagram can make up according to almost any activity (from the occupation tissue of dating), and some networks are not paid close attention to specific activities, but pay close attention to one group of individual or family relationship.
Social networks grows up from interpersonal activity (for example bowling team) gradually with related, and comprises any type of off-line or online activity and contact now, and is that this is normally undertaken by the internet and extend in the WWW.
Individual's social networks and associated diagram are not static usually, because moving and can be one or more function in the following non-limiting factor alternately between individual and its social networks and the association: (1) this person is at which; (2) time; (3) this person with who directly or via online social networks and related carry out mutual; And (4) this person's WKG working what.
A lot of distortion, combination and/or the refinement of these factors all may be correlated with; For example, this person may be just in the Planning ﹠ Coordination family party, and this party relates to time dependent various direct and non-direct personage's relation.The information relevant with these factors can mobile device or the webserver catch.Be used for collecting and use the certain methods of social networks and related information and system to be disclosed in following two patented claims: name is called the patented claim No.12/069 of " Identifying and Employing Latent Social Network Relationships (identifying and utilize potential social network relationships) ", 731 and name be called the patented claim No.12/182 of " Social Aspects of Content Aggregation; Syndication; Sharing and Updating (content aggregation, associating, the social aspect of sharing and upgrading) ", 756.
Metadata
As above personal social networks with related described, the description of expression individual's current active comprises some or all in the factor relevant with " what is done " with " at which ", " when ", " with whom ", and these factors provide the continuous path/status data about the user to flow and accurate context at the request (for example searching for or be written into mobile homepage) of Any user initiation is provided.When the particular data that is used to describe about the individual, these factors itself are exactly metadata, the W4 metadata that for example is called as the user comprises one or more in space element data, tempon data, social metadata, object metadata and/or the topic metadata.
As described herein, (1) each in the operation of the mobile search inquiry that combines with position control of operating environment, (2) mobile client environment, (3) server environment and (4) can be further extended with reference to the meta-data pack that comprises user W4 metadata, and described meta-data pack is positioned between mobile client, server and (optionally) supvr or the third party service provider around the quilt data that exchange.
User W4 metadata comprises and " at which " of any given incident, " when ", " with whom " and/or " what is done " relevant context metadata, for example text message or the voice communication of described any given incident.In other words, the W4 metadata can comprise following information, this Essence of Information be the space or geographic (promptly, " at which "), the time (promptly, " when "), She Jiao (that is, " with whom ") and/or with physical object or relevant (that is, " what being done ") of topic interest.In addition, the correlativity of at least some aspects in these aspects can by analyze these aspects in customer group similarity and these similaritys inner aspect corresponding space, time, social activity and the topic and between pattern determine.
As will further describing here, the context that user W4 metadata is provided helps to eliminate the ambiguity of mobile search inquiry, this so that realized better cluster to search terms and Search Results.
For example, user input query " apple (apple) ".In the web page and document or with text that the web page and document are associated, clauses and subclauses " apple " can be mapped to a lot of abstract concepts, real world objects and digital object and medium.Must, these things all are called as " entity " here.In this example, " apple " carries out disambiguation to character string, to determine at least some in " apple " represented possible entity, for example company, fruit, record label etc., each in these possible entities is mapped to one or more result types then.In addition, real world that disambiguation can be preferably nearest or online behavioral data come preferred particular result.For example, if yesterday the user in Apple Mac shop and bought thing, so disambiguation can be preferably with the user before purchase or the relevant local receipt of research or the user product information page or leaf of visiting recently.
For example, as sporocarp be
Company, then various result types may comprise geographical result (for example company or position, shop), stock price, news content (for example text and video) and traditional web and mobile web link.As will further describing here, can be suggested or operate based on the corresponding mapping of the one or more entities that identified in the disambiguation stage and they and result type cluster to result type.Can be called the patented claim No.11/651 of " Clustered Search Processing (cluster seeking processing) " in name about other information, find in 102 the search inquiry disambiguation.
For example, Figure 15 represents the subclass with the OneSearch entity type of stagewise type-subtype relation tissue.Other relation between entity and the entity type can comprise numerical value and syntactics, and the entity type that constitutes other entity type of link such as place, time, people etc., for example " incident ".
In Figure 15, for example, the 1510th line display entity " Apple Computers " (corresponding), the 1520th line display entity " Pizza restaurant " with above discussion.
Entity also may reside in a plurality of clusters.For example, TV play Lost may be present in the TV program cluster in the entertainment information object, but also can be in the performer's cluster among the amusement personage.Similarly, Pizza can be menu clauses and subclauses, reference list or the information object in commerce, place, place and the wikipedia.
The just great change of the simple bookmark of the web page is represented no longer in the merging of entity and entity type, because it allows to preserve the pointer that points to entity, this entity can have the real-time information feeding source or can be created at its real-time information feeding source.For example, consider the website
Www.examplemovie.comStatic bookmark, and be that entity " example film " mark bookmark is different, according to this bookmark, can receive the automatic renewal about comment relevant, local reproduction time, DVD release note etc. with " example film ".
Example mobile subscriber and network configuration
The various embodiment of above networked system are described below, wherein to metadata catch and transmission is used to improve the mobile subscriber and browses interaction and consumption experience.
With reference to figure 1, storage to the metadata such as social networks and related information and other user profile can utilize user data memory (UDS) 152 to realize, user data memory 152 is that search and the data on the server 130 are used a part of 134.UDS 152 can comprise database, text, electrical form, file, file etc., and can be configured to safeguard and store from the social networks and the related information of network 104 and related network or user data source collection.For example, the four-dimensional map of mobile device can be used as user's history and current location, state and close on other or associated user's related agency represents.
In an embodiment, be stored in the social networks of the mobile subscriber among the UDS 152 and related information and comprise one or more in the following information: (1) is used for the user totem information of the social networking website (for example, MySpace, Facebook or LinkedIn) under the user; (2) contact details that the user kept for example are used for voice contact, Email, instant message and text message; (3) group of the member under the user; (4) subscriber's information of the individual of the content created of subscribed users is for example to the subscriber of user's Flickr account number or user journal and (5) any other addressable data source about user's position, association, action, interest or transaction.
In an embodiment, the social networks and the related information that are stored in the mobile subscriber among the UDS 152 comprise the electronic communication that the mobile subscriber sends or receives, for example Email, instant message and text message, and other embodiment can with from a plurality of move with the information combination of static device to comprise all given datas, to communicate by letter and transaction at the user.
In an embodiment, based on the Actual path data in past of user and user's physics dwelling house, account number log-on message, the user expresses or the positional information of the interested position impliedly shared with system etc. also can be stored in the UDS 152.These information can indicate the user to stay in specific cities and towns in particular country, state, the county etc., block, city etc., and perhaps the user is to given position (for example, place, area, city, zone etc.) situation interested or the like.In one embodiment, these positional informations also can be configured and arrange by stagewise relation.
In an embodiment, also can be stored among the UDS 152 with user-dependent mobile status information.These mobile status informations can comprise one or more in the following information: title, operating system and the CPU of (1) mobile device 110; (2) current state of mobile device 110, position and/or use historically, for example when it starts shooting and is access in and has started shooting and how long be access in, with and with which cellular information tower or network node communicated to connect; (3) status information that loaded or the current application of operating 242 on the mobile device 110, for example relevant information with interactive application 120; (4) content of the data storage device of mobile device 110; And (5) can obtain user's mobile status (for example the user is arranged in the transit equipment that slowly moves on the certain high-speed highway) from the information such as coordinate history of the GPS of mobile device 110 according to this information.Use the historical movable interaction data that user action is created that comprises, and such as user's position, near known road sign or point of interest (POI) and the passive data with other simultaneous user, equipment, network, vehicle or device related.
In an embodiment, in case the user provides social networks from the account number access to user or electronic mail account, social networking information just can be obtained.
In an embodiment, various motions, the action that social networks and related information can be by monitoring users and obtaining indirectly alternately.Can be monitored by using the user activated browser toolbar alternately, the some or all of data that wherein are sent to mobile device 110 are forwarded to UDS 152, also can use any other known method of configuration mobile device to follow the tracks of the user interactions that comprises orientation, bio-identification and motion-sensing.Thereby, for example social networks of An Haning and associated data and/or contact details can be based on being extracted from the content in the message between the data in user's relevant device, environmental sensor or feeds of data source and/or user and another user, no matter whether these two users all are the members in the explicit social networks.
Information such as social networking information, the communication information, positional information and mobile route or status information is stored in the UDS 152, and can be transmitted as " meta-data pack " with other data.As described below, meta-data pack can provide contextual information or content information to its data that accompany.Wherein be provided in the part of the non-limiting example (comprising use) of the vocabulary that can be propagated of metadata " example meta data vocabulary " by name below attribute, object and data type.
The information that is stored among the UDS 152 can be transmitted to mobile search refinement manager (MSRM) 154.MSRM 154 is configured to receive the search inquiry from the user, and search inquiry is resolved to one or more main search termses, and provides the scene regulator based on the information about the user that is stored in the UDS 152.Comprise and handle context and be called the patented claim No.11/651 of " Clustered Search Processing " in name, be described in 102 based on other features of the MSRM154 of the search of notion.
In an embodiment, the context regulator is placed in the meta-data pack, is sent to MSRM 154 from mobile device 110; For example, meta-data pack can comprise with the search inquiry that sends from mobile device 110 or as the data of the part of this search inquiry.In an embodiment, the context regulator is offered MSRM 154 by UDS 152.
In an embodiment, the data source of any specific notion that MSRM 154 signs will be searched.Wherein the third party can provide an example of the method in client's customizable data source to be described at Fig. 5, Fig. 6 in the back.
Utilization is stored in the information among the UDS 152, and MSRM 154 carries out refinement to the amended search inquiry that will be handled by search module 156 with the indication about the data source of wanting searched any specific notion subsequently.
The Search Results that search module 156 is provided can be clustered into a plurality of groups, and is sorted alternatively, is called the patented claim No.11/651 of " Clustered Search Processing " as name, and is disclosed in 102.In an embodiment, the Search Results from search module 156 is transmitted to search cluster module 158 subsequently.In an embodiment, the metadata that is sent to search module 156 also is transmitted to search cluster module 158.
In addition, the Search Results of determining at mobile subscriber's metadata also can be based on being modified according to one or both resulting metadata in specific concept data source and the certain content data source.Search result corresponding can be according to source, clauses and subclauses, notion or content by cluster.
For example, can mate based on coupling specific concept metadata sources and Search Results by one or two metadata that identifies together among UDS 152 and the MSRM 154.
In an embodiment, the combination of Search Results and other given data source to be creating " virtual cluster ", should " virtual cluster " can be by being provided for the user with the identical or similar mode of mode that actual cluster result is provided for the user.
In an embodiment, the notion by search cluster module 158 signs that is used to cluster result is used as metadata and the result is attached together.In an embodiment, the notion that is identified is used to determine result type or ordering relatively based on the entity that is identified in the disambiguation stage.
In an embodiment, the metadata of expression user's mobile status information can be used to make up the Search Results layout on the display 126 that is presented at mobile device 110.
In this manner, from the search or the dynamic page combination request that are used to individualized current mobile user about user and contextual a lot of not metadata of homology.(1) current active of user is described, (2) current environment, (3) social networks is with related, (4) third party's assessment, reputation, rank or other quality marking mechanism, credit mark etc. for example, and the metadata of (5) search inquiry lumps together with the set of metadata that is generated by specific concept, specific context or certain content data source, can be used to send relevant information to mobile subscriber.
The example user example
(a) by use with mobile device use relevant metadata and (b) with character string is carried out example that disambiguation becomes the cluster that entity combines on the demonstration mobile device exemplary search and Fig. 2 of Search Results in Fig. 4, be illustrated.
At Fig. 2, in panel 210, the mobile subscriber utilizes clauses and subclauses " sushi " to carry out simple search.The former metadata that obtains such as customer location has been hunted down and has been presented at below the search box; In this example, the user is positioned at " 3000Paradise Rd is near the Las Vegas ".
This location metadata allows being identified as the sign and the demonstration near the commercial location relevant with search terms (for example restaurant).These restaurants constitute the cluster of the specific example with abstract entity type " restaurant ".These results can be according to further refinement of distance, as shown in panel 210.
Valuably, meta-data pack can be used by other content supplier such as Yelp, Zagat and OpenTable, and is displayed in panel 210 below the title " more results of retail shop ".The result of these retail shops can be generated based on the combination of mobile subscriber's position, search terms and the abstract entity type such as " restaurant ", and recommends the user.
In panel 220, the user has selected the result at " the Sushi Roku among the Forum Shops ", and has logined the information display page about this restaurant.Though user's browsing is about the details of the specific example of abstract entity " restaurant ", the display of mobile device be configured to show via to the link of " retail shop's details " to such as map, user comment and the more link of other relevant information multiplex's tool.
Panel 231,232 and 233 shows the link that can be connected to from the login page of " Sushi Roku ".For information shown in each panel, metadata comprises the data type (for example " comment ", " comment author ", " picture ", " scoring " etc.) that is applied to describing content source.
Fig. 3 illustrates by applied metadata in the use social networking context and comprises resulting cluster.Panel 310 illustrates the search that the user carries out for the people of " Will Decker " at name.This search may be performed again with reference to user's current location, shown near the positional information below search box (" 3000Paradise Rd is the Las Vegas ").This search utilizes at three abstract class " contact " of using Facebook, LinkedIn and MySpace and generates the archive information cluster.In this example, taken out respectively by the open API structure from the data (comprising meta-data pack) of these three application and compiled by server.
In addition, as shown in panel 310, each example in " contact " class type has and can be used to further refinement result and help the user to find his or she actual name of knowing attribute for the people of " Will Decker ".
In panel 320, the user has selected the archives that find at Facebook, and browsed with the corresponding name of class " general view " and be a lot of people of " Will Decker " (or the name of difference is slightly arranged) profile information with additional information such as the micro photo, and about individual's encapsulation overview, for example " Berkeley alumnus records UChicago alumnus records ".
In panel 330, the user has navigate to the Facebook photograph collection at specific example " Will Decker ".Comprise photographic intelligence meta-data pack can by the API structure applications and with make up about the relevant information of mobile device physical features, come to present each Facebook photo in noticeable mode.
Fig. 4 illustrates the result based on search who does not produce the cluster result of being named and generates, and wherein the user is provided one or more unnamed virtual clusters, and these clusters self can comprise that one or more third parties are open abstract.In panel 410, mobile subscriber's inputted search item " Audi tt ".Though Search Results does not produce the name cluster, the content that provides from MotorTrend and Wikipedia meet open abstract model is provided, the virtual cluster that name is called " 2008Audi TT " is created.
In panel 420, the user has selected MotorTrend Research icon and has been provided the login page that compiles according to data and metadata, described data and metadata can be that (1) is provided according to the result who obtains from the general data source, and perhaps (2) are provided according to MotorTrend API plug-in unit.Other that generates the result may comprise one or more in the following generating mode: (1) generates virtual cluster; (2) generate a series of virtual clusters; And (3) generate without cluster but satisfy the tabulation of the OpenAbstraces of at least one correlation criterion.
Content source is incorporated in the mobile search framework
In the diagram that above Fig. 2 is provided in Fig. 4, from the cluster data of Facebook, LinkedIn and MySpace can: (1) offers server via browser toolbar, and perhaps (2) are taken out from each website by the open API framework and compiled by server.The framework that is used for the syndicated content source is illustrated and is described below at Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 with the rough schematic that is used for via third party's content source generation cluster.
Fig. 5 illustrates the mobile search system 500 of execution to the conjunctive query of a plurality of data sources, wherein the third party card module is provided serves as that search or personal content are handled available form with the data parsing with them.The data (and associated metadata) in the data-carrier store 511,512,513 that comprises " content indexing " are obtained in described search.Data are from being transmitted to content indexing below with reference to the described plug-in unit 521-524 of Fig. 6.Also directly that is directly extracted result in the mobile search system 500 from content plug-in unit 526.
Each plug-in unit in the plug-in unit 521 to 525 is from content source 531 to 536 those extraction data or propelling datas.Content source can comprise application programming interfaces (API) and/or content feeds source.In addition, the result in the mobile search system 500 also can directly be extracted by the content source 537 that comprises application programming interfaces (API).As shown in the figure, data can directly be extracted to plug-in unit from API or content feeds source from third party provider; Perhaps data can be presented to plug-in unit via the content feeds source of third party provider.
Fig. 6 illustrates the exemplary architecture of the plug-in unit shown in Fig. 5.Plug-in unit 600 comprises resolver 610, relating module 620 and renderer 630.Resolver 610 can comprise metadata parser or API requester, one or more the communicating in " content source " shown in this metadata parser or API requester both or one of them and Fig. 5.The data through resolving that comprise optional meta-data pack are transmitted to relating module 620 from resolver 610.Explicit and implicit expression cluster result mapping is carried out by relating module 620, and the result is handled by renderer 630.Result in the renderer can be processed by XML pattern or template/user interface mapping, appropriate format that the permission system is identified for being displayed on the content on the mobile device is provided, plays up the meta-data pack (for example cluster ID, entity ID, W4 metadata and content type metadata) with user action.Then, the result is sent to one or more data-carrier stores of " content indexing " that comprise Fig. 5.
Search source or result are merged to homepage
In the above description, various forms of metadata are used to obtain Search Results according to corresponding search inquiry.Search Results can be represented various types of contents, for example text, numeric data, image, animation, audio or video, and such as the RSS feeding source, to the several portions of link, Wikipedia clauses and subclauses or the web page of news article.The user may wish one or more Search Results are merged to user's homepage or mobile homepage, and described user's homepage or mobile homepage are at browser or use when being called for the first time or user when activating " homepage " order of certain type and when being called occurs automatically.
In addition, described entity or entity type before the part of Search Results or Search Results self can be considered; For example, web link or the RSS feeding source can be added and as entity on the user home page or entity type.The project that can be added comprises: (1) web link; (2) RSS feeding source; (3) web link at described web link, is created the RSS feeding source based on periodically visiting this link again to check more to newly arrive; (4) " entity " or " entity type "; And (5) entity or entity type of being added by parsing to web link or RSS feeding source.
As non-limiting example, any online web page or resource that the user can select Search Results or be used for including in the future, perhaps the user can add entity represented in the content to user's personal content engine.When the user selects, the personal content engine can be automatically or interactively determine whether the user wishes to add described content, resource or feeding source in one or more associated entity.
This desired feature that obtains can realize by utilizing associated icons, choice box, user action or relevant voice command display of search results or content object, these associated icons, choice box, user action or relevant voice command are selected or when sending, determine selected result's content type and create the involved corresponding feed information source in user home page or consumer device (for example, e-book reading device or game station) of wanting.With reference now to Fig. 7, the user is described with the function of any Search Results interpolation as the feed information source.
Fig. 7 illustrates four assemblies that add arbitrary content engine 700, and described interpolation arbitrary content engine 700 can be used to allow the user Search Results to be added to user's homepage or out of Memory Rendezvous Point or equipment.Be to be understood that the element among Fig. 7 can be merged in the server 130 shown in Fig. 1 at an easy rate.For example, adding search and the data that arbitrary content engine 700 can be integrated on the server 130 uses in 134.For simplicity, following description will be carried out with reference to figure 7.
Add arbitrary content engine 700 and comprise inquiry manager 704, show tools manager 708, content analyser 712 and registration manager 716.
Equipment or the one or more use data sets on the network or the Query Information and the associated metadata of search history of inquiry manager 704 track-while-scan users and the arbitrary number that is associated with the user.
In an embodiment, inquiry manager 704 receptions are from the information of UDS 152 and MSRM 154.
Information from inquiry manager 704 is provided for content analyser 712, is used for definite certain types of content or form that will be related with search result corresponding.The 712 pairs of web that is received links of content analyser and RSS feeding source are resolved to determine corresponding entity and entity type.
Some Search Results (for example RSS feeding source) have been set up the agreement that is used to upgrade, and the more New Deal that other Search Results (for example static web page) may also not set up.Content analyser 712 will be transmitted to registration manager 716 with so corresponding result of static content type.
In an embodiment, registration manager 716 comprises instruction, and described instruction cycle property ground receives the corresponding data source of information object, analysis result data and the apply metadata bag with user-selected no feeding source function.
The actual displayed of show tools manager 708 control " adding this " icons and the reception of relative users input.Show tools manager 708 is transmitted to mobile homepage manager 720 with selected Given information feeding source and other user is selected to be transmitted to registration manager 716 create to be used for feeding source.Show tools manager 708 also can be configured to perceptual speech order and/or user action, to select selected Given information feeding source to mobile homepage manager 720 and registration manager 716, is used for feeding source and creates.
Fig. 9-13 illustrates a kind of mode that exemplary mobile homepage environment and user can add entity to the mobile device homepage.Panel 910 shows the part of mobile device screens, from this screen portions, the user can be at first by name by activating " add arbitrary content to Y! OnePlace " clauses and subclauses add content to user home page.After the activation, the user is provided panel 920.Panel 920 comprises the zone 921 that individualizes and search for for user input text, and the clauses and subclauses in the zone 921 are corresponding to the one group of default location that adds content.Therefore, " interpolation arbitrary content " function can be applied to the search inquiry of user input and/or be provided for user's that select or customization in advance content object group (entity, link, RSS feeding source etc.), and but this does not need the inquiry of user's inputted search its one or more customizations and/or personalized content object that can utilize contextual information and out of Memory, available entity and equipment about the user that the mobile homepage that may add the user to is provided.
At Figure 10, the user checks that panel 1010 has input text " red socks " at regional 1011 places below.After " oneSearch " in panel 1010 pressed button activation, the user was provided panel 1020, offered user's variety of option, was used for therefrom selecting one or more content objects content is added to user's mobile homepage.Some options (for example zone 1022) are corresponding at user option RSS feeding source.Other option is corresponding to news article with to the link of web website, for example " www.redsox.com ".Zone 1021 is corresponding to entity " the red socks in Boston ", this entity can be associated with cluster one or more information owners, publisher or author together, this name of submitting on January 5th, 2007 is called the patented claim No.11/651 of " Clustered Search Processing (cluster seeking processing) ", more detailed description is arranged in 102, should be included in by reference in patented claim.
In Figure 11, the user in panel 1110, selected to add to user home page with the corresponding first entry 1111 of entity " the red socks in Boston ".In an embodiment, one group of default content and source are generated acquiescently automatically.In an embodiment, the user can be from selecting or not selecting content source or object with the user to special the subscription associated content source of entity " the red socks in Boston " or the object, to compile one group of personalized set content and the source that all is associated with entity and user.In an embodiment, depend on actual subject and standard, can be free or charge, anonymity or register with the entity associated content.
Illustrating the beginning of user home page and the screenshot capture of ending is illustrated in Figure 12.To such an extent as to can not fully be shown ' top ' of panel 1210 expression homepages here because this sectional drawing is oversize.This page down-drawable is to the panel 1220 of ' bottom ' that arrive this homepage of expression.As the zone 1230 as shown in, the icon of presentation-entity " the red socks in Boston " has been added to user home page, for the user provides a kind of easy access modes, the user with this mode browing system up-to-date with the corresponding personal content collection of the red socks in Boston.
In Figure 13, panel 1310 show that system compiles with the corresponding content of entity " the red socks in Boston ".In Figure 13, system has added and mark and timetable, race on the horizon, news, picture and the corresponding content source of register.Unlike simple bookmark, each in these content source all is dynamic, and can be obtained automatically and make up for customer consumption from the information in each source.Also can be (promptly deleted, resequenced, be converted into different medium type etc.) of dynamic change at the selection of the associated content object of given entity and feeding source with presenting, described dynamic change based on the hobby of system, content publishers, user, advertiser, Virtual network operator, equipment manufacturers or its combination in any or action and with wherein at the associated content object and the feeding source of given entity can be accessed by the user the various aspects (that is, space, time, social activity, theme etc.) of above-mentioned scene relevant.
Figure 14 illustrates the mobile homepage that the user can reconfigure the user two views of (comprising the relative order that clauses and subclauses occur).Clauses and subclauses 1430 " the red socks in Boston " expressions is added to the user and moves the current content of user in the homepage novel entities in arranging, and relevant haircut allows the deletion of user-interactive ground, improves or reduce any entity in the tabulation or the ordering of content.In an embodiment, the user can divide into groups to any entity or content in the tabulation, for these group names and delete or these groups are resequenced.
Advertisement is individualized
Dynamically mobile subscriber web browse mutual and content consumption experience with common with family or working relation personal computer together on the traditional static method browsed of the web that carries out very different.Attempting traditional web is browsed that mutual and content consumption experience gets on the very little moving screen is that benefit that above disclosed method and system brings can not be provided.
Similarly, use conventional art that advertising information is got into moving screen and also can cause negative user experience.Conventional art causes the advertisement of " unalterable (one-size-fits-all) ", and this can destroy user experience rather than emphasize user experience.
Very large improvement has been provided, wherein actual mobile subscriber's history is used to (a) and at brand and/or advertiser the mobile subscriber is carried out rank, and the specific user that (b) will transmit at particular advertisement merchant prediction in specific activities and time and/or spatial array.Be used for the method and system of advertisement and mobile subscriber's coupling is described with reference to figure 8 below.
Fig. 8 illustrates mobile homepage engine of positioning (MHTE) 800, this mobile homepage engine of positioning is a complete customizable personal advertisement system, is used at least content, form, configuration and the interaction data created based on user and their mobile homepage (for example onePlace of Yahoo) particular advertisement copy or dedicated content and specific advertisement or content conveyer can be mated.Be to be understood that element among Fig. 8 can be integrated into during search on the server 130 and data use at an easy rate.
MHTE 800 can comprise and is used for the mutual of (a) management and advertiser and publisher; (b) the advertising service request that utilizes the one or more generations among (1) network (2) user and (3) third party module that user's mobile homepage is configured.
In an embodiment, MHTE 800 comprises advertisement copy management device 804, mobile homepage manager 808, match management device 812 and advertisement display manager 816.
Advertisement copy management device 804 is mutual with advertiser or publisher, and can allow advertiser or publisher to carry out one or more in the following operation: their account number is registered and managed in (1); (2) submit advertisement copy or dedicated content to; And (3) specify desirable action with the form of object module.Dedicated content can be owner, publisher or content retail person new, that upgrade or the exclusive content to the arbitrary form of user's distribution.Object module can be the function of the one or more features in the following user characteristics: the type of (1) mobile access equipment; (2) access network; (3) consensus data; (4) active user's activity; (5) position or to the degree of approach of one or more known person, place or things; (6) the common existence of other user, equipment or POI; And (7) user's history, preference or archives or the like.
Advertisement display manager 816 compiles advertisement copy or the dedicated content that receives from advertisement copy management device 804 according to the indication of match management device 812 in response to the particular advertisement request from user, network or third party's business (for example carrier or ISP), and the copy that returns after the configuration shows for the requesting party.Such ad-request can comprise that indication desirable targeted customer's standard, advertiser are ready the information of the restriction of the expense paid or costs on the higher scale, demonstration or situation and preferential duration.
Mobile homepage manager 808 controls and follow the tracks of user content, configuration and move the mutual of homepage with the user or comprise other selected web page of voice, sense of touch and perception input.
Match management device 812 is applied to files on each of customers with object module and comes advertisement copy or dedicated content are carried out qualification evaluation, scoring and selection, to provide in response to the ad-request of being handled by advertisement display manager 816.Data from mobile homepage manager 808 can be forwarded to refinement or the structure that match management device 812 carries out each advertising objective model.
Following non-limiting example illustrates some benefits that MHTE 800 is brought.In first example, the user adds onePlace to near the renewal such as channel discount, recent reviews, the information of running a shop or any other content, feeding source or the information source relevant with this entity the current location that is received in possible targeted customer, family, work or other the interesting place (the interested place of the city of for example, often going, user's appointment etc.) with " Pizza restaurant " as entity.This entity " Pizza Restaurant " occurs as the 1520th row in the non-limiting example subclass of oneSearch entity type shown in Figure 15.The user will be thought the show and colour of qualified reception customization or the potential target of specialized content by MHTE 800 then.
After the user is added to the entity on the onePlace with " Pizza restaurant ", when new special price product or content are issued in any local Pizza restaurant, write about the comment in Pizza restaurant and/or when having new Pizza restaurant to open a business near interested place as the people, the user will receive renewal.By note the user other entity on the onePlace and these related entities on the homepage relative to each other with the placement of deleted, refusal or unselected content, can realize more function.The rank of the User Activity that is associated with each entity of Tui Yiing and type can be used to determine the relative value of each entity when transmitting advertisement or dedicated content to the user in time.Content from publisher transmits and transmits and can be included from gray advertisement.
Information about same user can be by user's extra reaching interactive MHTE 800.For example, the user also can add onePlace to " vegetarian diet menu ", this " vegetarian diet menu " can combine with the target information that obtains alternately by user and " Pizza restaurant " entity and such target profile to develop, promptly compare with " non-vegetarian diet Pizza ", the user may more want content, advertisement or the discount relevant with " vegetarian diet Pizza ".
The a kind of of benefit that MHTE 800 is brought is described as follows: the Pizza wright seeks the new client of specific region.The Pizza wright offers advertisement copy management device 804 with advertisement copy or dedicated content with the target data that is provided advertisement display manager 816.
Target data is sought the man of age between 18 to 34 years old that custom is had a meal outside.Match management device 812 identifies possible object set, comprises above-mentioned user.
Match management device 812 is reported to the police, and checks the placement of the entity on the user home page and the rank and the type of the User Activity considering to be associated with entity when determining at this user's targeted advertisements and content.In this example, the advertisement of the vegetarian diet Pizza special price that provides in its vicinity by the Pizza wright of match management device 812 configuration.This advertisement sends the user to by mobile homepage manager 808.
In relevant example, user's input is to the searching request in " restaurant ", and this request is moved homepage manager 808 and receives.Match management device 812 is checked users' metadata and search history and is potential target with user ID.
The state that oneConnect is published to MySpace upgrades.
Match management device 812 is reported to the police, and checks the user's who comprises social networks and related history metadata, and the advertisement that the vegetarian diet Pizza special price that is provided in its vicinity by the Pizza wright is provided.This advertisement sends the user with Search Results to by mobile homepage manager 808.
The entity that the user placed that Figure 14 illustrates on the user home page can be used as the part of advertisement personalization process by the dual mode of match management device 812 uses.The user that panel 1410 illustrates each e-mail accounts, instant message device, social networks, contact details and the calendar that are used for coordinates user is provided with panel.When listing these kinds of information, the clauses and subclauses that the user can the framework user likes are placed on the top of each tabulation.Thereby, in panel 1410, can find out obviously with user's MySpace account number and compare that the user more uses user's Facebook account number, indicated as the relative rank of these two clauses and subclauses.
As mentioned above, match management device 812 can use the tolerance (for example in the group or the rank between group) of these types as the part of advertisement personalization process, improve the specific user to based on the higher ranking on user's the mobile homepage or with past, current or the more strongly connected entity of predicted activity or the weight of brand.
Similarly, panel 1420 is corresponding to the ordering of user-selected entity, described entity for example those shown in Fig. 9 to 13.For example, the ordering of the entity shown in the panel 1420 is corresponding to all entities shown in Figure 12; Note last entity " the red socks in Boston ".In panel 1420, the user can resequence to user's clauses and subclauses in a manner described.Match management device 812 can use this ordering for example to come to select specific advertisement from qualified set of advertisements, selected advertisement is displayed to the user, thereby influences the selection of described advertisement by the rank that improves the relevant possible advertisement of the interior perhaps entity ordered with the user with mobile homepage associated content and entity.In addition, internally perhaps gray in the past the eliminating of user also can be used to influence rank.
The hardware general view
According to an embodiment, technology as described herein realizes by one or more dedicated computing equipment.These dedicated computing equipment can be that hardware connects the described technology of carrying out, perhaps can comprise digital electronic device, for example one or more special ICs (ASIC) or routinely programmed with the field programmable gate array (FPGA) of carrying out described technology, perhaps can comprise one or more common hardware processors, these processors are programmed to carry out described technology according to the programmed instruction in firmware, storer, other memory device or its combination.The FPGA that described dedicated computing equipment also can be connected logic, ASIC or client's programming with customization hardware combines and finishes described technology.Dedicated computing equipment can be desk side computer system, portable computer system, handheld device, mobile phone, browse or game station, networked devices will comprise maybe that hardware connects and/or programmed logic to carry out any miscellaneous equipment of described technology.
For example, Figure 16 is the block diagram that illustrates the computer system 1600 that can realize embodiments of the invention thereon.Computer system 1600 comprises bus 1602 or is used to other communication mechanism of the information that transmits, and couples hardware processor 1604 with process information with bus 1602.Hardware processor 1604 for example can be a general purpose microprocessor.
Here employed term " storage medium " refers to storage and makes the data that machine operates with ad hoc fashion and/or the arbitrary medium of instruction.Such storage medium can comprise non-volatile media and/or Volatile media.Non-volatile mechanism for example comprises CD or disk, and for example memory device 1610.Volatile media comprises dynamic storage, and for example primary memory 1606.The general type of storage medium for example comprises floppy disk, flexible disk, hard disk, solid-state driving, tape or any other magnetic data storage medium, CD-ROM, any other optical data memory, any physical medium, RAM, PROM and EPROM with sectional hole patterns, FLASH-EPROM, NVRAM, any other storage chip or magnetic tape cassette.
Storage medium is different with transmission medium, but can use with transmission medium.The information that transmission medium participates between the storage medium transmits.For example, transmission medium comprises concentric cable, copper cash and optical fiber, comprises the cable that comprises bus 1602.Transmission medium also can adopt the form of sound wave or light wave, what for example radiowave and infrared data communication produced.
Various forms of media can be used to send one or more instruction sequences to processor 1604 with by its execution.For example, these instructions can be at first be transmitted in the disk of remote computer or solid-state driving.Remote computer can be written into instruction its dynamic memory and utilize modulator-demodular unit to send instruction on telephone wire.The local modem 1600 of computer system 1600 can receive the data on the telephone wire and use infrared transmitter that data-switching is become infrared signal.Infrared detector can receive in the infrared signal institute's data carried by data and suitable circuit can place data on the bus 1602.Bus 1602 sends data to primary memory 1606, and processor 1604 obtains from primary memory 1606 and executes instruction.The instruction that primary memory 1606 is received can be stored on the memory device 1610 before or after being carried out by processor 1604 alternatively, and be stored on the mobile device 1614, on mobile device 1614, can utilize wireless data transmission, wireless client-server communication and wireless peer-to-peer communications to transmit and move application.
Network linking 1620 provides usually by the data communication of one or more networks to other data equipment.For example, network linking 1620 can provide the connection of arriving principal computer 1624 or arriving the data equipment of being operated by ISP (ISP) 1626 by local network 1622.ISP 1626 and then 1628 provide data communication services by ten thousand dimension block data communication nets (being commonly called " internet " now).Local network 1622 and internet 1628 all use electricity, electromagnetism or the light signal of carrying digital data stream.Via the signal of diverse network with on network linking 1620 and via the signal of communication interface 1618 are exemplary forms of transmission medium, and these signals send numerical data to computer system 1600 and send data from computer system 1600.
The code that receives can be carried out by processor 1604 after receiving, and/or be stored in memory device 1610 or other Nonvolatile memory devices in order to carrying out later on.
Embodiments of the invention also can be located in and comprise the computer program that is stored in the software on any computer-readable medium that comprises mobile phone or computing equipment.Such software makes data processing equipment operate by mode as described herein when being performed in one or more data processing equipments.Embodiments of the invention adopt the now known or following any computer-readable medium.The example of computer-readable medium includes but not limited to main storage device (for example random access storage device of any type) and time memory device (for example hardware driving, floppy disk, CD-ROM, Zip disk, tape, magnetic storage apparatus, light storage device, MEM, based on the memory device of nanometer technology etc.).
In above-mentioned instructions, with reference to a large amount of details embodiments of the invention are described, these details can change according to implementation.Thereby, to the present invention what is, the unique and exclusive indication of the desirable content of the present invention of applicant is exactly the claim collection of the particular form issue that comprises that the application of any follow-up corrigendum publishes with claim.Here clearly propose should determine the implication of these terms according to its use in the claims to any definition that is included in the term in the described claim.Therefore, any restriction, element, characteristic, feature, advantage or the attribute of clearly not described in the claims should not limit the scope of this claim by any way.Therefore, instructions and accompanying drawing should be regarded as illustrative and nonrestrictive.
The example meta data vocabulary
Search monkey archives vocabulary
This standard is periodically issue, is used for improving with the consistent degree of industrial standard vocabulary and makes common use-case be implemented in the mode of unanimity.When we and affiliate's hand-in-glove, this standard probably all can be refreshed during alpha and beta weekly.
Introduction to search monkey archives vocabulary
Search monkey archives vocabulary can be used in the DataRSS feeding source, and uses with the page that is embedded with RDFa and eRDF.
Whole search monkey archives comprise that the vocabulary that comprises the industry member standard is defined in interior a lot of vocabulary definition and the straightforward procedure of stating all prefixes.When using with DataRSS, the beginning part of following processing instruction being added to feeding source defines with statement search monkey archives vocabulary:
<？profile?http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey-profile？>
Any other software of open search platform and approval search monkey archives is all accepted this simple delegation statement.
Following part is described each vocabulary.Help yourself browses following part, especially is applicable to the part in your field.But even other example also is to help at least fast browsing to obtain setting up for the certain metadata that how to be you best the sensation of model.
Owing to comprise that the huge form of probable value will be very surprising, each part has all highlighted the particular community that will note and has used prompting and example.
The rel vocabulary
The rel vocabulary is defined in the value of using in the rel entry attributes.Name tradition for these attributes is usually with rel: prefix begins, and the back is the phrase of expression people, place, thing, idea or notion.Though do not have the RDF class on formal meaning, the RDF class often is used in an identical manner in the reality, thereby also has the convention that begins (not including prefix) with the capitalization initial.
The most general may concerning is rel:Resource.Other relation of in this vocabulary all is rel:Resource direct or indirect " subclass ".In the form of having listed all rel values, " parent " tabulation shows that the next one more generally concerns.For example, from more specific to more general: rel:Image is a kind of rel:Media, and rel:Media is a kind of rel:Resource.
If when not having good coupling for the entry type of your desired extraction metadata so, what is to be done? to extract information such as you about Seattle garage band.But there are not rel:SeattleGarageBand or rel:GarageBand or even rel:Band attribute.The most concrete available attributes is rel:Organization in the form, and Here it is, and you should use in this case.In addition, using feedback e-mail address on this standard to ask to add new value in vocabulary also is a good idea.
For in feeding source or the RDFa/eRDF in the web page use this vocabulary, you need as far as possible closely to be mapped to you and are used to clauses and subclauses from the clauses and subclauses classification logotype of this vocabulary.If you understand existing RDF vocabulary, you just can utilize existing attribute to fill the rel attribute, as long as should utilize resource as its domain name by existing attribute, rather than the character string of literal meaning be only arranged.The attribute that some of this class often occur comprises foaf:knows and foaf:homepage.
Common rel
Rel:Agent represents anyone, tissue, club, " thing of doing "
Rel:Photo, rel:Image, rel:Video, rel:Audio represent the multimedia unit that embeds
Plain
Rel:Photoset, rel:Videoset represent the audio/video collection
Rel:Thumbnail represents that for audio or video littler miniature version can be presented
Rel:Review represents the comment scoring
Rel:Cluster represents on it page relevant for large quantities of information of something, for example Search Results
List of hotels in the page or the city
What will pay special attention in addition is the rel characteristic of task type.These characteristics are defined in the mode of making a general reference very much wittingly, so will select immediate that characteristic of coupling.Here be some normal examples that use:
Rel:Append is used to write new evaluation, and daily record is made comments or usually at the page
Last establishment fresh content
Rel:CheckAvailability is used to carry out the not tool constraint to product or service availability
The inspection of power
Rel:Edit is used for for example editing the wiki page.For wiki website, rel:Edit spy
Property is particularly useful.
Rel:Procure is used to place an order, something or other is carried out competitive bidding or predetermined
Rel:SendEmail is used for this page (or some content on it) is posted as electronics
Part sends
Rel:SendToPhone is used for this page (or some content on it) is sent to
Phone
Whole review: vocabulary notices that default metric is 1 to 5, but upper and lower bound
Can utilize review:best and review:worst to change
Encyclopedia/reference/information
Common rel
Rel:Section is used to mark particular chapter.Usually, not that each chapters and sections all should
Comprised, and be noticeable chapters and sections
Rel:Discuss is used to be linked to the independent discussion page
Rel:History is used to be linked to independent history page
Retail shop/commerce/catalogue
Common rel
Rel:Listing represents whole tabulation
Rel:Business represents that (do not represent tabulation, there is ground, street in this retail shop in physics retail shop
The location)
Rel:Neighborhood (usually following sub-feature dc:description) indication is specific
The block
News/incident/Eight Diagrams
Common rel
·rel：NewsItem
Shopping/trade/product the page
Common rel
Rel:Listing represents whole tabulation
Rel:Product represents product itself (do not represent tabulation, this product has hauled weight)
·rel：Specification
Social networking
Common rel
Rel:Section is used to mark particular chapter.Usually, not that each chapters and sections all should
Comprised, and be noticeable chapters and sections
Rel:Discuss is used to be linked to the independent discussion page
Rel:History is used to be linked to independent history page
Rel:WorkExperience is at the clauses and subclauses relevant with occupation
Rel:CurrentWorkExperience is at the current job overall that has
Rel:Degree refers to concrete certificate in education and (is not only " degree ", but also refers to
Education for diploma, doctorate, certificate or any other type becomes
Just).About the more details of these clauses and subclauses in dc:description or other characteristic
Describe.
Travelling/destination
Common rel
Rel:Business is used to be linked to specific retail shop
Rel:Hotel is used to be linked to specific hotel
Rel:Restaurant is used to be linked to certain restaurant
Rel:Flight is used to be linked to the information about particular flight
Rel:Map is used to be linked to certain regional map
Rel:Discussion is used to be linked to the independent discussion page
Rel:History is used to be linked to independent history page
The characteristic vocabulary
The property attribute that is comprised in the metatag will have only the character string of literal meaning and resource to associate.Widely used official and unofficial industrial standard have constituted the main body of this tabulation.Do not having under the situation of widely used existing vocabulary, some key characteristic is defined in these archives.Following part has provided about using the guidance of which vocabulary.All characteristics all are listed in the search monkey archives vocabulary standard.
What be associated with characteristic is territory and scope.The territory specified characteristic is applicable to the clauses and subclauses of which kind.For example, media:width is significant for the rel:Media clauses and subclauses only; For example it to be applied to rel:Person be insignificant.Scope is specified and is expected at the string value that occurs what type in the characteristic.For example, the dc:date characteristic should accept to have the date of specific format, and promptly YYYY-MM-DD is also referred to as the ISO-8601 form.
Common characteristic
The corresponding total title of dc:title
Corresponding total date of dc:date
Dc:identifier is URL but also can be ISBN or other identifier normally
The founder of the corresponding resource of dc:creator
The corresponding copyright statement of dc:rights
The description of the paragraph length of the corresponding weak point of dc:description
Lack very much by correspondence when having dc:description for reference:summary
The description of delegation
Tagspace:tags is as do list of labels at interval with the space
The corresponding single label (may comprise the space) of tagspace:tag
Atom:updated occurs when you need access the timestamp of recent renewal specially
Media:height and media:width are used for the audio/video resource, utilize these genus
Property specified pixel size is good
Geo:location corresponding as " San Francisco " or " South Bay Area "
The place that the people can read
Geo:point corresponding specific lat/lon (at interval) with the space
The number of plies of the corresponding building of geo:floor
The corresponding relevant stock market tabulation of finance:stockTickers is (in New York Times unit
The tabulation at interval of the branch of data back)
Retail shop/commerce/catalogue
Common characteristic
Vcard:adr is used to represent with branch street address at interval
The corresponding telephone number of vcard:tel
The corresponding web website of vcard:url
Whole commerce: vocabulary
News/incident/Eight Diagrams
Common characteristic
Entire n ews: vocabulary
Shopping/trade/product
Common characteristic
Whole product: vocabulary
Social networking
Common characteristic
Travelling/destination
Common characteristic
Whole travel:* vocabulary
Data type
The data type vocabulary has two main applications.Some characteristics (for example dc:identifier) may have a lot of different probable values, for example URL or ISBN number.In this case, the scope of this characteristic only is " character string " just.Yet if you want clearly to specify value that you import than the value that scope allowed of described characteristic more specifically, you can specified data type so.
For example:
<y:meta?property＝″dc:identifier″
datatype＝″use:url″>http://yahoo.com</meta>
Another purposes of data type is to be used for disambiguation.For example you are extracting the information about picture, and you have two kinds of different modes to represent the founder: utilize user name and URL.The dc:creator statement that data type will can repeat originally separately.
Example:
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Photo″>
<y:meta?property＝″dc:creator″>The?Nameless?One</meta>
<y:meta?property＝″dc:creator″
datatype＝″use:url″>http://photosite.com/users/thenamelessone
</meta>
</y:item>
The characteristic that needs when you is not in tabulation the time ...
You sometimes may occur wants the metadata type extracted to can not find in search monkey archives vocabulary reference list.It may be the vocabulary that existing RDF vocabulary or your needs make up oneself.
For example, the metadata of supposing you is the manageable number of pixels of digital camera.At least, you should attempt defined property prefix, title, territory (it is applicable to the object of what type) and scope (data can be the values of what type).In brief, it should appear to the other delegation in the property list.Certainly, more formal RDF vocabulary definition also is extraordinary.
Prefix should be the descriptive thing of reasonable weak point, and can not be by other human in incoherent purpose.With all CURIE as an example, this prefix designates you need be the longer URL of its definition.Under the domain name that you can control, some content should be arranged.
Actual definition appears in the xmlns:prefix attribute.If our prefix is digicam, our characteristic is exactly a mega pixel, and our URL is http://example.com/vocab/digicam, and our territory is rel:Product, and our scope is a decimal, and theoretical then table entries will be following appearance:
The statement of this prefix and use as follows:
<y:adjunct?id＝″1.0″name＝″plisting″xmlns:digicam＝″http://example.
com/vocab/digicam″>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Product″>
...
<y:meta?prop＝″digicam:megapixels″>7.2</y:meta>
</y:item>
</y:adjunct>
Example
Encyclopedia/reference/information D ataRSS example
<？profile?http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey-profile？>
<feed?xmlns＝″http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom″xmlns:y＝
″http://search.yahoo.com/datarss/″>
<id>http://articlesite.org/feedspec</id>
<author><name>articlesite.org</name></author>
<title>Articlesite?Metacontent?Feed?for?Yahoo！</title>
<updated>2007-11-14T04:05:06+07:00</updated>
<entry>
<title>Jerry?Yang</title>
<id>http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang</id>
<y:adjunct?version＝″1.0″name＝″article″>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Article″>
<y:meta?property＝″dc:title″>Jerry?Yang</y:meta>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Photoset″
resource＝″http://articlesite.org/slideshow/WKJzi4gl0GplnW_6
ZJD_rQ″/>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Thumbnail″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/commons/thumb/4/49/Jerry_Yang.jpg″>
<y:meta?property＝″media:width″>225</y:meta>
<y:meta?property＝″media:height″>272</y:meta>
</y:item>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Section″>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Section″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#Early_life″>
<y:meta?property＝″dc:title″>Early?life</y:meta>
</y:item>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Section″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#Career″>
<y:meta?property＝″dc:title″>Career</y:meta>
</y:item>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Section″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#Personal_life″>
<y:meta?property＝″dc.-title″>Personal?life</y:meta>
</y:item>
<y:meta?property＝
“rdfs:
seeAlso″>http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#See_also</y:meta>
<y:meta?property＝
″reference:references ″>http:
//en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#References</y:m
<y:meta?property＝
″reference:externalLinks″>http:
//en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#External_lin
</y:item><！-Section->
<y:item?rel＝″rel:Edit″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/w/index.php？title＝Jerry_Yang&
action＝edit″/>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:SendEmail″
resource＝″http:
//en.articlesite.org/biz_share？bizid＝WKJzi4glOGplnW_6ZJD_rQ″/>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:SendToPhone″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/biz_phone？bizid＝WKJzi4glOGplnW_6ZJD_r
Q″/>
<y.-item?rel＝″rel:Discussion″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Talk:Jerry_Yang″/>
<y:item?rel＝″rel:History″
resource＝″http:
//en.articlesite.org/w/index.php？title＝Jerry_Yang&action＝history
</y:item><！-Article->
</y:adjunct>
</entry>
</feed>
Encyclopedia/reference/information RDFa example
<！DOCTYPE?html?PUBLIC″-//W3C//DTD?XHTML?1.0Strict//EN″
″http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd″>
<html?xmlns＝″http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml″
xmlns:dc＝″http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/″
xmlns:media＝″http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/″
xmlns:rdfs＝″http://www.w3.org/2000/0l/rdf-schema#″
xmlns:rel＝″http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey-relation/″
xmlns:reference＝“http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/reference/”
lang＝″en″xml:lang＝″en″>
<head>
<title>RDFa?marked?up?encyclopedia?article</title>
</head>
<body>
<div?rel＝″rel:Article″>
<hl?property＝″dc:title″>Jerry?Yang</hl>
<p>...
<a?rel＝″rel:Photoset″
href＝″http:
//articlesite.org/slideshow/WKJzi4glOGplnW_6ZJD_rQ″>Photos</a>
...
<a?rel＝″rel:Thumbnail″
href＝″http://en.articlesite.org/commons/thumb/4/49/Jerry_Yang.jpg″>
<span?property＝″media:width″content＝″225″/>
<span?property＝″media:height″content＝″272″/>
<img?src＝″http://en.articlesite
org/commons/thumb/4/49/Jerry_Yang.jpg″/>
</a>
...
</p>
<div?class＝″mainentry″rel＝″rel:Section″>
<div?rel＝″rel:Section″
resource＝″http.//en?articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#Early_life″>
<h2property＝″dc:title″>Early?Iife</h2>
...
</div>
<div?rel＝″rel:Section″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#Career″>
<h2property＝″dc:title″>Career</h2>
...
</div>
<div?rel＝″rel:Section″
resource＝″http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Jerry_Yang#Personal_life″>
<h2property＝″dc:title″>Personal?Iife</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div?class＝″links″>
<ul>
<li><a?rel＝”rel:Edit”>
href＝″http://en.articlesite.org/w/index.php？title＝Jerry_Yan.g&action＝e
dit″/></li><li><a?rel＝″rel:SendMail″
href＝″http://en.articlesite.org/biz_share？bizid＝WKJzi4glOGplnW_6ZJD_
rQ″/></li><li><a?rel＝″rel:SendToPhone″
href＝″http://en.articlesite.org/biz_phone？bizid＝WKJzi4g1OGplnW_6ZJD
_rQ″/></li>
<li><a?rel＝″rel:Discussion″
href＝″http://en.articlesite.org/wiki/Talk:Jerry_Yang″/></li>
<li><a?rel＝″rel:History″
href＝″http://en.artlclesite.org/w/index.php？title＝Jerry_Yang&；action＝hi
story″/></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Vocabulary
When comprising structurized data, from following object type, select
Object table
These are the recommendations that are used for the rel entry attributes, and their expressions can have noun, personage, place or the thing of additional metadata characteristics:
Property list
These are the recommendation characteristic values that are used for the property attribute of metadata.
These row of territory indicate the object of which type can have listed characteristic.For example, media:url is applicable to the object of class rel:Media, and class rel:Media comprises subclass rel:Image, rel:Thumbnail etc.
Blank value in these row of territory represents that listed characteristic is applicable to all objects.
These row of scope indicate the value of what type to be suitable for listed characteristic.Integer, floating number, decimal and duration all are mapped as the XML model data type with same names.Date is mapped as the dateTime of the XML model that uses ISO 8601 forms.URI is mapped as the anyURI of XML model and must is not with oblique line absolute URL to start with.Email is mapped as the defined e-mail address of RFC2822.The tabulation of list mapping for separating with the space.
Blank value in these row of scope represents that listed attribute can accept the value of arbitrary format.
Example:
Integer
42
Boolean
1
Boolean
0
Boolean
Very
Boolean
False
Floating number
3.14159
Decimal
2.00
Duration
P3D[3 days]
Duration
PT8H[8 hour]
Date
2007-12-12T03:04:05+06:00
Date
2007-12-12
uri
http://search.yahoo.com/mrss
Email
address@email.com
The tabulation that the space separates
2007 Croatias picture travelling enjoyment [tabulation that the space separates]
The tabulation that comma separates
2007, Croatia, picture, travelling, enjoyment [tabulation that comma separates, single row
Table clause can have inessential leading or ending space, but inner space is
Significant]
The tabulation that branch separates
6229th Ave W; Williston, ND; The tabulation that the 58801[branch separates]
Non-null value
“OK”
The data type table
These are the recommendation characteristic values that are used in the data type attribute of metadata.
For the value in rel and the property attribute, notice that following preferred vocabulary is provided automatically with relevant prefix:
atom
Vocabulary at Atom notion http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom
cc
Creative convention＜http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ 〉
dc
Dublin Core Metadata＜http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ 〉
foaf
Friend's friend＜http://xmlns.eom/foaf/0.1/ 〉
geo
Vocabulary＜http://www.georss.org/georss at geographical metadata 〉
media
RSS-Media<http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/>
rdf
RDF<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
rdfs
Rdf model＜http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-scherna# 〉
review
RDF comment＜http://www.purl.org/stuff/rev# 〉
vcal
RDF calendar＜http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal# 〉
vcard
vcard<http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns>
... and ...
rel
Object relationship vocabulary＜http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey-relation/ 〉
... and ...
assert
Be used for error-detecting and carry out the vocabulary of mark in metadata
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/assert/>
commerce
The vocabulary that is used for the relevant metadata of trade
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/commerce/>
context
The vocabulary that is used for the transient state contextual information
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/context/>
finance
Vocabulary＜http://the search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/finance/ that is used for financial metadata 〉
job
The vocabulary that is used for the relevant metadata of work
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/job/>
news
Vocabulary＜http://the search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/news/ that is used for the news metadata 〉
product
The vocabulary that is used for the relevant metadata of product
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonlcey/product/>
reference
Be used to quote catalogue and the vocabulary that is connected
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/reference/>
social
The vocabulary that is used for socialgram connection and information
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkeysocial/>
tagspace
Vocabulary＜http://the search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey/tagspace/ that is used for tally set 〉
... and ...
country
Be used to indicate the data type of particular country
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey-datatype/country/>
currency
Be used to indicate the data type of specific currency
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey-datatype/currency/>
use
The data type that is used for the purposes of distinguishing characteristic
<http://search.yahoo.com/searchmonkey-datatype/use>
Claims (15)
1. method comprises:
Receive user's input;
First metadata is associated with described user's input, and the described first metadata description user environment also is provided for the context that described user imports;
Second metadata is associated with one or more content source; And
Be sent to the content of small part to described user based on described user input data, described first metadata and described second metadata,
Wherein said method is carried out by one or more dedicated computing equipment.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein said first metadata comprise by ambiguity is carried out in described user's input eliminates the entity information that obtains.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein said entity information are at least one in people, tissue, mechanism, position, commerce, incident, object, vehicle, unit, sign, label, link, time or time period.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein said first metadata comprise at least a in spatial data, time data, social data, physical object related data or the topic data.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein said first metadata comprises social networks and related information.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more content source comprise one or more in the following content source: content indexing, feeding source, file, ftp website, web driver, network cloud and mobile device.
7. method according to claim 1, each content source in wherein said one or more content source comprise content feeds source and application programming interfaces or one of them.
8. the storage medium of one or more storage instructions, described instruction cause the execution of the described method of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 7 when being carried out by one or more computing equipments.
9. server comprises:
One or more processors;
Operationally be couple to the storer of described one or more processors;
The memory device of storaging user data storage on it, described storage of subscriber data is associated first metadata with input from the user, and the described first metadata description user environment also is provided for the context that described user imports;
Mobile search refinement manager, described mobile search refinement manager is resolved to form modified search inquiry the search inquiry that is comprised in described user's input;
Search module, described search module utilize described modified search inquiry to carry out search in conjunction with second metadata that is associated with one or more content source; And
Search cluster module, described search cluster module sends content to described user, described content to small part based on described user input data, described first metadata and described second metadata.
10. server according to claim 9, wherein said first metadata comprise by carrying out eliminates the entity information that obtains to the ambiguity of described user's input.
11. server according to claim 10, wherein said entity information are at least one in people, tissue, mechanism, position, commerce, incident, object, vehicle, unit, sign, label, link, time or time period.
12. server according to claim 9, wherein said first metadata comprise data that spatial data, time data, social data, physical object are relevant or at least one in the topic data.
13. server according to claim 9, wherein said first metadata comprises social networks and related information.
14. server according to claim 9, wherein said one or more content source comprise one or more in the following content source: content indexing, feeding source, file, ftp website, web driver, network cloud and mobile device.
15. server according to claim 9, each content source in wherein said one or more content source comprise content feeds source and application programming interfaces or one of them.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US4159008P | 2008-04-01 | 2008-04-01 | |
| US61/041,590 | 2008-04-01 | ||
| PCT/US2009/039212 WO2009146087A1 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-04-01 | Open framework for integrating, associating and interacting with content objects |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101981570A true CN101981570A (en) | 2011-02-23 |
Family
ID=41377484
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801105281A Pending CN101981570A (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-04-01 | Open framework for integrating, associating and interacting with content objects |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2272015A4 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101475552B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101981570A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009146087A1 (en) |
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| CN104050586A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-17 | 福特全球技术公司 | Ad Manager for a Vehicle Multimedia System |
| CN104770070A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-07-08 | Mec股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing printed circuit board and surface treatment device for same |
| CN104919482A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2015-09-16 | 谷歌公司 | Dynamic content item creation |
| CN105531697A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-04-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and system for processing content information |
| CN107004122A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-08-01 | 索尼公司 | The instruction based on screenshot capture of side information |
| CN107209776A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-09-26 | 谷歌公司 | Method, system and medium for the information relevant with event to be presented based on metadata |
| CN108363798A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-08-03 | 比乌拉工厂有限公司 | Knowledge capture and discovery system |
| CN109074390A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-12-21 | 斯纳普公司 | The method and system opened up and presented for the generation of media collection, plan |
| CN109101217A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-28 | 先进元素科技公司 | Method and system for purposefully calculating |
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| CN104770070A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-07-08 | Mec股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing printed circuit board and surface treatment device for same |
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| CN109101217A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-28 | 先进元素科技公司 | Method and system for purposefully calculating |
| CN108363798A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-08-03 | 比乌拉工厂有限公司 | Knowledge capture and discovery system |
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| CN105531697B (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2018-12-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of content information processing method and system |
| CN107004122A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-08-01 | 索尼公司 | The instruction based on screenshot capture of side information |
| US11392580B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2022-07-19 | Google Llc | Methods, systems, and media for recommending computerized services based on an animate object in the user's environment |
| CN107209776A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-09-26 | 谷歌公司 | Method, system and medium for the information relevant with event to be presented based on metadata |
| US10785203B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2020-09-22 | Google Llc | Methods, systems, and media for presenting information related to an event based on metadata |
| US11494426B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2022-11-08 | Google Llc | Methods, systems, and media for modifying the presentation of contextually relevant documents in browser windows of a browsing application |
| US11516580B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2022-11-29 | Google Llc | Methods, systems, and media for ambient background noise modification based on mood and/or behavior information |
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| CN107209776B (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2021-04-30 | 谷歌有限责任公司 | Methods, systems, and media for presenting information related to an event based on metadata |
| US11889381B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2024-01-30 | Snap Inc. | Generation, curation, and presentation of media collections |
| CN109074390A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-12-21 | 斯纳普公司 | The method and system opened up and presented for the generation of media collection, plan |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2272015A1 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| WO2009146087A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
| KR20110000686A (en) | 2011-01-04 |
| KR101475552B1 (en) | 2015-01-02 |
| EP2272015A4 (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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