CN101949821A - Longitudinal resonant photoacoustic pool for photoacoustic spectrometry monitoring of gases - Google Patents
Longitudinal resonant photoacoustic pool for photoacoustic spectrometry monitoring of gases Download PDFInfo
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- CN101949821A CN101949821A CN 201010251483 CN201010251483A CN101949821A CN 101949821 A CN101949821 A CN 101949821A CN 201010251483 CN201010251483 CN 201010251483 CN 201010251483 A CN201010251483 A CN 201010251483A CN 101949821 A CN101949821 A CN 101949821A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoacoustic spectrometry principle-based longitudinal resonant photoacoustic pool applied to monitoring gases dissolved in transformer oil. The longitudinal resonant photoacoustic pool mainly comprises a resonant cavity, buffer chambers, a Brewster window, a gas inlet, a gas outlet and a microphone, wherein the first buffer chamber and the second buffer chamber are arranged at the two ends of the photoacoustic pool and connected with the gas inlet and the gas outlet respectively; a light inlet is connected to a light outlet through the first buffer chamber, the resonant cavity and the second buffer chamber sequentially; the photoacoustic pool is a cylindrical cavity; the microphone is fixed in the middle of the resonant cavity; the opening of the microphone is aligned with the tube wall of the resonant cavity; a temperature sensor is arranged in the first buffer chamber; and a pressure sensor is arranged in the second buffer chamber. The longitudinal resonant photoacoustic pool for the photoacoustic spectrometry monitoring of the gases is characterized by simple structure, small volume, high sensitivity, quick time response, low background noise, capability of detecting multi-component gases, and good application to the photoacoustic spectrometry monitoring of the gases dissolved in the transformer oil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power equipment detection/monitoring technical field, be specifically related to the detection technique of transformer oil dissolved gas.
Background technology
The optoacoustic spectroscopy detection technique of gas is a kind of effective gas detection means, being applied to the detection of transformer oil dissolved gas has a good application prospect, it combines many advantages of vapor-phase chromatography and sensor array method, have highly sensitive, selectivity good, sensing range is wide, and realizes the good characteristic that multicomponent gas detects in real time easily.Photoacoustic cell is the core of optoacoustic spectroscopy monitoring system as the generation source of photoacoustic signal, and its performance is directly connected to the sensitivity and stability of optoacoustic system.The gas photoacoustic cell is divided into two kinds of resonant and off-resonance formulas, resonantly compare with the off-resonance formula, practicality, easily make, highly sensitive, be beneficial to the raising of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), and can the sample of flow state be detected.
It is cylindrical, spherical and square that existing resonant photoacoustic cell shape has.The quality factor of spherical photoacoustic cell is very high, but its standing wave distribution form dullness, processing difficulties; The acoustic attenuation situation is serious in the square photoacoustic cell.According to the difference of standing wave distribution mode, the resonance mode of cylindrical photoacoustic cell can be divided into radially, angle, vertical.The viscous loss minimum of radial resonance mode, quality factor is the highest, but cavity volume and resonant frequency maximum; The quality factor of angle resonance mode is relatively low, and is general about 100, and its resonant frequency is than also almost little one times with the radial resonance mode of radius cavity; The quality factor of longitudinal resonance pattern is minimum, between 10～80, and cavity volume and resonant frequency minimum.Shortcomings such as the resonant photoacoustic cell of these designed making exists that volume is big, poor anti jamming capability, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) are low.Therefore the optimal design of resonant photoacoustic cell is the important composition link in the transformer oil dissolved gas optoacoustic spectroscopy monitoring system building process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one simple in structure, volume is little, highly sensitive, time response fast, low ground unrest, can detect multicomponent gas, is suitable for the longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell of transformer oil dissolved gas optoacoustic spectroscopy monitoring system.
The present invention is specifically by the following technical solutions:
Be used for the longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell of transformer oil dissolved gas optoacoustic spectroscopy monitoring, described photoacoustic cell comprises light inlet, light-emitting window, resonator cavity, first surge chamber, second surge chamber, microphone, temperature sensor, pressure transducer, air intake opening, gas outlet, the first Brewster window, the second Brewster window; It is characterized in that:
Described first surge chamber and second surge chamber are separately positioned on the two ends of described photoacoustic cell;
Described light inlet is connected to light-emitting window by first surge chamber, resonator cavity, second surge chamber successively;
The described first Brewster window, the second Brewster window are separately positioned on described first surge chamber in described light inlet, the light-emitting window outside and also link to each other with air intake opening, and second surge chamber links to each other with the gas outlet;
Microphone is installed at middle part at described photoacoustic cell, and microphonic opening is connected on the sidewall of resonator cavity, and its opening is concordant with the resonator cavity tube wall;
At the described first surge chamber mounting temperature sensor, at the second surge chamber setting pressure sensor, the temperature and pressure that is used for measuring in real time in the photoacoustic cell changes, and the resonant frequency of photoacoustic cell is more than the 1KHz.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, photoacoustic cell is designed to circular cylindrical cavity, can mate well with axisymmetric light beam, the axisymmetric sound field that excites, and be easy to processing.
2, photoacoustic cell works in single order longitudinal resonance pattern, and standing wave distributes vertically, and vertically the xsect radius of the resonator cavity of photoacoustic cell helps taking place in the resonator cavity optoacoustic effect of gas much smaller than the length of resonator cavity.
3, photoacoustic cell is processed by heat-conduction coefficient height, stainless steel material that density is big, and the inside surface polishing has improved the quality factor of photoacoustic cell, helps the amplification of standing wave, and is highly sensitive.
4, the resonant frequency of photoacoustic cell is more than the 1KHz, and along with the rising of photoacoustic cell resonant frequency, the low-frequency noise of system is well suppressed.
5, sound field is the normal mode distribution in photoacoustic cell, and the import and export of gas are arranged on the node of the acoustic wave place, weaken the interference of gas flow to sound field, can solve the problem that the off-resonance photoacoustic cell can not detect flowing gas.
6, the photoacoustic cell volume is little, and required gas sample is less, and is hedged off from the outer world, and adopts acoustic filter to filter background and source noise.
7, be provided with the gas outlet, the waste gas in the photoacoustic cell by this eliminating, is guaranteed that photoacoustic cell is not contaminated and disturb accuracy of detection height, good reliability.
8, utilize coupled relation between light distribution and the normal mode, can strengthen photoacoustic signal and suppress noise signal, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of system.
9, the resonator cavity two ends are set to surge chamber, and surge chamber length is resonator cavity half, and radius is greater than 3 times of the resonator cavity radius, isolate noise that diaphragm produces light absorption and gas flow and the performance of the noise that causes is good.
10, microphone uses " O " type rubber ring parcel, and opening is just concordant with the resonator cavity tube wall, can obtain the detection effect of optimum, and the EK-3024 of employing Knowles company, has highly sensitive, anti-vibration, noise is low, volume is little, advantage such as easy to maintenance.
11, according to microphonic frequency response curve, the resonant frequency of longitudinal resonance pattern photoacoustic cell just is in the more smooth interval of microphone frequency response curve, and stability is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the photronic structural representation of longitudinal resonance of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is light inlet, and 2 is light-emitting window, and 3 is resonator cavity, 4 is first surge chamber, 4 ' be second surge chamber, 5 is microphone, 6 is temperature sensor, 7 is pressure transducer, 8 is acoustic filter, and 9 is air intake opening, and 10 is the gas outlet, 11 is the first Brewster window, 11 ' be the second Brewster window.
Embodiment
According to Figure of description technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the structural representation of longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell of the present invention.Longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell of the present invention is used for transformer oil dissolved gas optoacoustic spectroscopy monitoring, described photoacoustic cell comprise light inlet 1, light-emitting window 2, resonator cavity 3, first surge chamber 4, second surge chamber 4 ', microphone 5, temperature sensor 6, pressure transducer 7, air intake opening 9, gas outlet 10, the first Brewster window 11, the second Brewster window 11 '.Described first surge chamber 4 and second surge chamber 4 ' the be separately positioned on two ends of described photoacoustic cell; Described light inlet 1 is successively by first surge chamber 4, resonator cavity 3, second surge chamber 4 ' be connected to light-emitting window 2; Described first surge chamber 4 also links to each other with air intake opening 9, second surge chamber 4 ' link to each other with gas outlet 10; Microphone 5 is installed at middle part at described photoacoustic cell, makes its opening concordant with resonator cavity 3 tube walls; At described first surge chamber, 4 mounting temperature sensors 6, at second surge chamber, 4 ' setting pressure sensor 7, the temperature and pressure that is used for measuring in real time in the photoacoustic cell changes.The resonant frequency of photoacoustic cell is more than the 1KHz.
Laser beam is through the first Brewster window 11, enter in the photoacoustic cell from light inlet 1, gas absorption luminous energy generation optoacoustic effect in the resonator cavity 3 produces pressure wave, is positioned at the high sensitivity microphone 5 detected pressures ripples on the resonator cavity 3 middle part inwalls, and converts electric signal to.By being provided with acoustic filter in first surge chamber 4 between light inlet 1 and air intake opening 9, light-emitting window 2 and the gas outlet 10, filter background and source noise.Gas enters in the photoacoustic cell through air intake opening 9, and 10 get rid of in the pond from the gas outlet, has got rid of the waste gas in the pond and has carried out purge of gas, has ensured the purity of pool gas, and has formed flowing gas, has guaranteed the precision and the accuracy that detect.Difference mounting temperature sensor 6 and pressure transducer 7 in first surge chamber 4 at resonator cavity 3 two ends, the temperature and pressure of measuring in real time in the photoacoustic cell changes, and makes the enforcement personnel understand the actual working environment situation of photoacoustic cell.
Adopt optoacoustic spectroscopy monitoring transformer oil dissolved gas, promptly sample gas is injected in the photoacoustic cell by air intake opening, pool gas is got rid of in the gas outlet, in photoacoustic cell, form flowing gas, the sample gas in the laser beam radiation photoacoustic cell, gas absorption light modulated, produce pressure wave, being sound wave (modulating frequency is in audio range), is electric signal by highly sensitive microphone with the slight pressure change transitions in the photoacoustic cell, send external circuit to detect.The present invention is by the appropriate design photoacoustic cell, and the sound wave that optoacoustic effect is produced forms standing wave in photoacoustic cell, utilizes the standing wave amplification to make photoacoustic signal obtain resonance and strengthens.
The photoacoustic cell of this design, laser beam is injected wherein along the longitudinal axis of photoacoustic cell through being Brewster angle, transmitance greater than 90% quartzy window, and photoacoustic cell adopts good and stainless steel corrosion preventive and strength of heat-conduction coefficient to be made.Columniform photoacoustic cell can mate well with axisymmetric light beam, the axisymmetric sound field that excites, and is easy to processing, thereby is designed to cylindrical photoacoustic cell.The resonator cavity at middle part is that the long 120mm of being, radius are the circular cylindrical cavity of 3mm, works in the longitudinal resonance pattern, and promptly the standing wave in the photoacoustic cell distributes vertically, and the inner cavity surface polishing helps the amplification of standing wave to improve the quality factor of resonator cavity.For isolating the noise that diaphragm produces light absorption, the resonator cavity two ends are provided with surge chamber respectively, as sound damper; Two surge chambers are mounting temperature sensor and pressure transducer separately, so that the enforcement personnel understand working temperature and internal pressure in the photoacoustic cell in real time; Theoretical research shows, surge chamber length is half and radius of resonator cavity during greater than 3 times of resonator cavity radius, and isolation effect is best, and therefore, the length of surge chamber is taken as 60mm, radius is 30mm.Photoacoustic cell works in-rank longitudinal resonance pattern, and sound field is distributed as p in the pond
j(z)=sin (k π z/L), thereby, at the z=L/2 place, sound field is the strongest, is the wave amplitude of standing wave, to use the microphone of " O " type rubber ring parcel to be placed in herein, and make its opening just concordant with the resonator cavity tube wall, and can obtain maximum signal amplitude, microphone is selected condenser type electret build microphone for use, be the EK-3024 of Knowles company, its sensitivity is 22mV/Pa; And at z=0 or z=L place, sound field is the most weak, is the node of standing wave, and the inlet, outlet of photoacoustic cell is arranged on this place, avoids gas flow in the pond and the noise that causes.In the surge chamber between light inlet and air intake opening, light-emitting window and gas outlet acoustic filter is set, is used for filtering ground unrest, improve system's accuracy of detection.
This device employing coefficient of heat conduction height, the stainless steel that density is big, resistance to corrosion is strong are the vertical photoacoustic cell of column type that material is made, have simple in structure, volume is little, highly sensitive, time response fast, low ambient noise, can detect the advantage such as multicomponent gas, the good optoacoustic spectroscopy monitoring system that is applicable to Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is used for the longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell that transformer oil dissolved gas optoacoustic spectroscopy is monitored, and described photoacoustic cell comprises light inlet (1), light-emitting window (2), resonator cavity (3), first surge chamber (4), second surge chamber (4 '), microphone (5), temperature sensor (6), pressure transducer (7), air intake opening (9), gas outlet (10), the first Brewster window (11), the second Brewster window (11 '); It is characterized in that:
Described first surge chamber (4) and second surge chamber (4 ') are separately positioned on the two ends of described photoacoustic cell, connect resonator cavity (3) between the two;
Described light inlet (1) is connected to light-emitting window (2) by first surge chamber (4), resonator cavity (3), second surge chamber (4 ') successively;
The described first Brewster window (11), the second Brewster window (11 ') are separately positioned on described light inlet (1), light-emitting window (2) outside;
Described first surge chamber (4) also links to each other with air intake opening (9), and second surge chamber (4 ') links to each other with gas outlet (10);
Microphone (5) is installed at middle part at described photoacoustic cell, and the opening of microphone (5) is connected on the sidewall of resonator cavity (3), and its opening is concordant with resonator cavity (3) tube wall;
At described first surge chamber (4) mounting temperature sensor (6), at second surge chamber (4 ') setting pressure sensor (7), the temperature and pressure that is used for measuring in real time in the photoacoustic cell changes.
2. longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at described first surge chamber (4), second surge chamber (4 ') acoustic filter (8) is set respectively, is used to filter background and source noise.
3. longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the resonant frequency of described photoacoustic cell is more than the 1KHz.
4. longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the profile of described photoacoustic cell is preferably cylindrical, and its material is preferably stainless steel.
5. longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the length of described first, second surge chamber (4,4 ') is half of described resonator cavity (3) length, and radius is greater than 3 times of described resonator cavity (3) radius.
6. longitudinal resonance photoacoustic cell according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that: described microphone (5) is preferably condenser type electret build microphone.
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| CN102519882A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-27 | 昆山和智电气设备有限公司 | Infrared modulation photacoustic spectroscopic gas detection device |
| CN102539330A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 上海交通大学 | Off-resonance dual-cavity photoacoustic cell used in noninvasive blood glucose measurement and detection method |
| CN102636437A (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2012-08-15 | 矿井安全装置公司 | Photoacoustic gas sensor |
| CN102735618A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photo-acoustic gas sensor based on elliptic photo-acoustic cell |
| CN103954560A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-30 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Space beam coupling device for photoacoustic multi-component gas detection |
| CN105910994A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-08-31 | 华中科技大学 | Photoacoustic spectrum gas detection device and system based on fiber Bragg grating |
| CN107607476A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-01-19 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of device and method that photoacoustic cell resonant frequency is obtained using fft algorithm |
| CN108226050A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-29 | 苏州感闻环境科技有限公司 | A kind of resonant mode photoacoustic cell for the detection of gas optoacoustic spectroscopy |
| CN108351294A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2018-07-31 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Detector with normalized response and improvement sensitivity |
| WO2019014697A1 (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2019-01-24 | Avl List Gmbh | Photoacoustic measuring device having resonator elements |
| CN109269999A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-25 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of infrared photoacoustic spectra detection system |
| CN109490207A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-03-19 | 东北大学 | Ellipsoid cylindricality resonance light battery |
| CN109490211A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of photoacoustic cell with anti-noise function |
| CN104422668B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2019-05-10 | 通用电气公司 | Detect the method and system of the component in fluid |
| CN110530798A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-03 | 苏州市职业大学 | A kind of optoacoustic spectroscopy integrated monitoring |
| CN111007014A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-14 | 东北大学 | First-order longitudinal full-resonance ellipsoidal cylindrical photoacoustic cell |
| CN111735765A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-02 | 东南大学 | High-temperature photoacoustic spectrum detection device |
| US10883875B2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2021-01-05 | Honeywell International Inc. | Use of selected glass types and glass thicknesses in the optical path to remove cross sensitivity to water absorption peaks |
| CN112683808A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-20 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-component device based on photoacoustic spectrum and signal processing method |
| CN114414493A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-29 | 河北卫讯电力自动化设备有限公司 | Enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy multi-component gas sensor device |
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| WO2023245961A1 (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-12-28 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Photoacoustic cell for photoacoustic spectroscopy detection |
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| CN102636437B (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2014-08-13 | 矿井安全装置公司 | Photoacoustic gas sensor |
| CN102636437A (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2012-08-15 | 矿井安全装置公司 | Photoacoustic gas sensor |
| CN102519882A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-27 | 昆山和智电气设备有限公司 | Infrared modulation photacoustic spectroscopic gas detection device |
| CN102539330A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 上海交通大学 | Off-resonance dual-cavity photoacoustic cell used in noninvasive blood glucose measurement and detection method |
| CN102735618B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-06-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photo-acoustic gas sensor based on elliptic photo-acoustic cell |
| CN102735618A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photo-acoustic gas sensor based on elliptic photo-acoustic cell |
| CN104422668B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2019-05-10 | 通用电气公司 | Detect the method and system of the component in fluid |
| CN103954560A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-30 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Space beam coupling device for photoacoustic multi-component gas detection |
| US10883875B2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2021-01-05 | Honeywell International Inc. | Use of selected glass types and glass thicknesses in the optical path to remove cross sensitivity to water absorption peaks |
| CN108351294A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2018-07-31 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Detector with normalized response and improvement sensitivity |
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| CN105910994B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2019-06-14 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of optoacoustic spectroscopy gas-detecting device and system based on fiber bragg grating |
| WO2019014697A1 (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2019-01-24 | Avl List Gmbh | Photoacoustic measuring device having resonator elements |
| CN107607476A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-01-19 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of device and method that photoacoustic cell resonant frequency is obtained using fft algorithm |
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| CN109269999A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-25 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of infrared photoacoustic spectra detection system |
| CN110530798A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-03 | 苏州市职业大学 | A kind of optoacoustic spectroscopy integrated monitoring |
| CN111007014A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-14 | 东北大学 | First-order longitudinal full-resonance ellipsoidal cylindrical photoacoustic cell |
| CN111735765A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-02 | 东南大学 | High-temperature photoacoustic spectrum detection device |
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Open date: 20110119 |