CN101813570B - Health monitoring method for recognizing damaged cable and support displacement based on mixed monitoring - Google Patents
Health monitoring method for recognizing damaged cable and support displacement based on mixed monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN101813570B CN101813570B CN2010101375393A CN201010137539A CN101813570B CN 101813570 B CN101813570 B CN 101813570B CN 2010101375393 A CN2010101375393 A CN 2010101375393A CN 201010137539 A CN201010137539 A CN 201010137539A CN 101813570 B CN101813570 B CN 101813570B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a health monitoring method for recognizing a damaged cable and support displacement based on mixed monitoring, which comprises the steps of: establishing a mechanical calculation reference model of a cable structure according to a design drawing and an as-constructed drawing of the cable structure and actually measured data of the cable structure, carrying out a plurality of mechanical calculations on the basis of the mechanical calculation reference model and obtaining a monitored unit change matrix of the cable structure through calculation; and rapidly recognizing the support displacement and the damaged cable by utilizing proper algorithms of a multi-objective optimization algorithm and the like according to an approximate linear relationship between the monitored current value vector and the monitored initial vector and between the cable monitored unit change matrix and the current state vector of an estimated object to be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is based on structural health monitoring technology, discern the damaged cable in the cable system of support displacement and Cable Structure based on hybrid monitoring, belong to the engineering structure health monitoring field.
Background technology
Support displacement is a significant threat to Cable Structure safety, same, cable system is the key components of Cable Structure normally, its inefficacy usually brings the inefficacy of total, and the damaged cable of discerning based on structural health monitoring technology in the cable system of support displacement and Cable Structure is a kind of method that has potentiality.When displacement appears in bearing, or the health status of cable system is when changing, when perhaps two kinds of situations take place simultaneously, can cause the variation of the measurable parameter of structure, for example can cause the variation of Suo Li, can influence the distortion or the strain of Cable Structure, can influence the shape or the volume coordinate of Cable Structure, can cause variation (for example arbitrarily variation of the angle coordinate of the straight line of any this point of mistake in any section of body structure surface of angle coordinate of any imaginary line of the every bit of Cable Structure, the perhaps body structure surface variation of the angle coordinate of the normal of any arbitrarily), all these change the health status information that has all comprised cable system, therefore can be by the hybrid monitoring of the variation of the characteristic parameter of these dissimilar structures being judged the health status of structure, the present invention's architectural feature parameter that all are monitored is referred to as " monitored amount ", because this moment, monitored amount was made up of the dissimilar measurable parameter mixing of structure, the present invention claims that this is a hybrid monitoring, that is to say and can utilize hybrid monitoring to discern support displacement and damaged cable.
In order reliable monitoring and judgement to be arranged to the health status and the support displacement of the cable system of Cable Structure, the method of the variation of a measurable parameter of can rational and effective setting up Cable Structure with the relation between the health status of all ropes in support displacement and the cable system must be arranged, and the health monitoring systems of setting up based on this method can provide the health evaluating of more believable support displacement assessment and cable system.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the invention discloses a kind of based on health monitor method hybrid monitoring, that can discern support displacement and damaged cable rationally and effectively to the multiclass parameter.
Technical scheme: structures such as cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge, truss-frame structure have a common ground, be exactly that they have many parts that bear tensile load, as suspension cable, main push-towing rope, hoist cable, pull bar or the like, the common ground of this class formation is to be support unit with rope, cable or the rod member that only bears tensile load, and the present invention is " Cable Structure " with such structure representation for simplicity.In the military service process of Cable Structure, the supporting system of Cable Structure (refers to all ropeway carrying-ropes, reaches all rod members that only bear tensile load that play supporting role, for simplicity, this patent is called " cable system " with whole support unit unifications of this class formation, but in fact cable system not only refers to support cable, also comprise the rod member that only bears tensile load) can be impaired, the bearing of Cable Structure also displacement may occur simultaneously, and these safety that change to Cable Structure are a kind of threats.
If the quantity sum of the quantity of rope and support displacement component is N.For sake of convenience, the present invention unitedly calls evaluated rope and support displacement to be " evaluation object ", gives the evaluation object serial number, and the present invention represents this numbering with variable i, i=1, and 2,3 ..., therefore N we can say N evaluation object.
Monitored multiclass parameter can comprise: Suo Li, strain, angle and volume coordinate are described below respectively:
If total Q root rope in the cable system, the monitored rope force data of structure is by M on the structure
1The M of individual appointment rope
1Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope.Each total M
1Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure.M
1Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored strain data of structure can be by K on the structure
2L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
2The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly K
2The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point.Each total M
2(M
2=K
2* L
2) individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain.M
2Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored angle-data of structure is by K on the structure
3L individual specified point, that cross each specified point
3H individual appointment straight line, each appointment straight line
3Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments.Each total M
3(M
3=K
3* L
3* H
3) individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure.M
3Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored shape data of structure is by K on the structure
4L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
4The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly K
4The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point.Each total M
4(M
4=K
4* L
4) individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform.M
4Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total has M (M=M
1+ M
2+ M
3+ M
4) individual monitored amount, definition parameter K (K=M
1+ K
2+ K
3+ K
4), K and M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object.Because M monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitor method of support displacement ".
For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount ".
The present invention is made up of three parts.Be respectively the method for setting up required knowledge base of evaluation object health monitoring systems and parameter, evaluation object health status appraisal procedure, the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems based on the monitored amount of knowledge base (containing parameter) and actual measurement Cable Structure.
First of the present invention: foundation is used for the knowledge base of evaluation object health monitoring and the method for parameter.Specific as follows:
1. set up the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe method of (for example finite element benchmark model) is as follows.
Set up A
oThe time, measured data according to the Cable Structure in the Cable Structure completion (comprises measured datas such as Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope) and design drawing, as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oIf there is not the measured data of the structure in the Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, structure is surveyed, the measured data that obtains Cable Structure (comprises the Cable Structure shape data, the rope force data, the draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, measured datas such as Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, the rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope), design drawing according to these data and Cable Structure, as-constructed drawing utilizes mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A with
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data that calculates (to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, bridge) must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.Can guarantee to utilize A like this
oStrain computational data, Suo Li computational data, Cable Structure shape computational data and displacement computational data, Cable Structure angle-data etc. under the analog case of calculating gained, the measured data when truly taking place near institute's analog case reliably.
Among the present invention with monitored amount initial vector C
oThe vector (seeing formula (1)) that the initial value of all monitored amounts of expression Cable Structure is formed.Requirement is obtaining A
oThe time obtain C
oBecause of subject to the foregoing, the monitored amount of calculating gained based on the calculating benchmark model of Cable Structure approaches the measured data of initial monitored amount reliably, in the narration of back, will represent this calculated value and measured value with prosign.
C
o＝[C
o1?C
o2···C
oj···C
oM]
T (1)
C in the formula (1)
Oj(j=1,2,3 ...., M; M 〉=N) is the original bulk of j monitored amount in the Cable Structure, this component according to coding rule corresponding to specific j monitored amount.T represents the transposition (back together) of vector.
The vector of forming by the currency of all monitored amounts in the Cable Structure with the current numerical value vector of monitored amount C among the present invention (formula (2) is seen in definition).
C＝[C
1?C
2···C
j···C
M]
T (2)
C in the formula (2)
j(j=1,2,3 ...., M; M 〉=N) is the currency of j monitored amount in the Cable Structure, this component C
jAccording to coding rule and C
OjCorresponding to same " monitored amount ".
2. set up the method for the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C.
The concrete grammar of setting up the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C is as follows:
Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A in Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out several times and calculate, equal N on the calculation times numerical value.Calculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object that unit damage or unit displacement are arranged, concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable has unit damage (for example getting 5%, 10%, 20% or 30% equivalent damage is unit damage), if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing is at this sense of displacement generation unit displacement (10mm for example, 20mm, 30mm etc. are unit displacement), use D
UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement.With " unit damage or unit displacement vector D
u" (as the formula (3)) write down all unit damage or unit displacement.The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method (for example finite element method) to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, (when i monitored amount of hypothesis had unit damage or unit displacement, available formula (4) was represented monitored amount calculation current vector C to monitored amount calculation current vector of current calculated value composition of the monitored amount of all that calculate each time
t i); Calculate each time and calculate unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time again after monitored amount calculation current vector deducts monitored amount initial vector, the gained vector is exactly that the monitored quantitative change vector of (with the mark that is numbered of evaluation object that unit damage or unit displacement are arranged) (when i evaluation object has unit damage or unit displacement, is used δ C under this condition
iRepresent monitored quantitative change vector, formula (5) is seen in definition, formula (5) deducts formula (1) gained for formula (4)), each element representation of monitored quantitative change vector supposition owing to calculating has the change amount of the pairing monitored amount of this element that the unit change of that evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement causes; There is N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged, because M monitored amount arranged, so each monitored quantitative change vector has M element, form the monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C that M * N element arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector, the definition of Δ C as the formula (6).
D
u＝[D
u1?D
u2···D
ui···D
uN]
T (3)
Unit damage or unit displacement vector D in the formula (3)
uElement D
Ui(i=1,2,3 ...., N) unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of i evaluation object of expression, vectorial D
uIn the numerical value of each element can be the same or different.
Elements C in the formula (4)
t Ji(i=1,2,3 ...., N; J=1,2,3 ...., M; M 〉=when N) expression has unit damage or unit displacement owing to i evaluation object, according to the current calculated amount of the pairing j of coding rule monitored amount.
Δ C in the formula (6)
J, i(i=1,2,3 ...., N; J=1,2,3 ...., M; The expression of M 〉=N) only since i evaluation object have that unit damage or unit displacement cause, according to the variation (algebraic value) of the current numerical value of calculating of the individual monitored amount of the pairing j of coding rule.Monitored quantitative changeization vector δ C
iBe actually the row among the matrix Δ C.
3. the current numerical value vector of monitored amount C (calculating or actual measurement) is with monitored amount initial vector C
o, the linear approximate relationship between monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C and evaluation object current state vector d, shown in (7) or formula (8).The definition of evaluation object current state vector d is referring to formula (9).
C＝C
o+ΔC·d (7)
C-C
o＝ΔC·d (8)
d＝[d
1?d
2···d
i···d
N]
T (9)
D in the formula (9)
i(i=1,2,3 ... .N) be the current state of i evaluation object, if this evaluation object is the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, d so
iRepresent its current damage, d
iBeing to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, represents to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%, if this evaluation object is displacement component, a d so of a bearing
iRepresent its present bit shift value.
The error of linear relationship shown in the linear relationship error vector e expression (7) of available formula (10) definition or the formula (8).
e＝abs(ΔC·d-C+C
o) (10)
Abs () is the function that takes absolute value in the formula (10), and each element of the vector of trying to achieve in the bracket is taken absolute value.
Second portion of the present invention: based on the evaluation object health status appraisal procedure of knowledge base (containing parameter) and the monitored amount of actual measurement.
Because there are certain error in formula (7) or the represented linear relationship of formula (8), therefore can not be simply directly find the solution and obtain the vectorial d of evaluation object current state according to formula (7) or formula (8) and the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of actual measurement C.If done like this, the element among the evaluation object current state that the obtains vector d even bigger negative value can occur, just negative damage or negative support settlement, be exactly this obviously be irrational.Therefore acceptable the separating that obtains evaluation object current state vector d (promptly has reasonable error, but can determine the position and the degree of injury thereof of support displacement and definite damaged cable more accurately) become a rational solution, available formula (11) is expressed this method.
Abs () is the function that takes absolute value in the formula (11), and vectorial g describes the reasonable deviation that departs from ideal linearity relation (formula (7) or formula (8)), is defined by formula (12).
g＝[g
1?g
2···g
j···g
M]
T (12)
G in the formula (12)
j(j=1,2,3 ...., M) maximum allowable offset of the ideal linearity relation that departs from shown in formula (7) or the formula (8) has been described.Vector g can be selected according to the error vector e tentative calculation of formula (10) definition.
At monitored amount initial vector C
o, monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C and survey the current numerical value of monitored amount vector C when known, can utilize suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm) to find the solution formula (11), obtain evaluation object current state vector the acceptable of d and separate, thus the position and the degree of injury of definite damaged cable.
Third part of the present invention: the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.
Hardware components comprises monitored amount monitoring system, signal picker and computing machine etc.Require to monitor in real time or quasi real time each monitored amount.
Software should the following function of tool: the data in real time that software section at first transmits according to monitoring system or quasi real time analyze and obtain the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of current cable structure C, the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of the Cable Structure of reading pre-stored then
o, monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C and monitored amount initial vector C
oFind the solution formula (11) according to suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm), obtain the noninferior solution of evaluation object current state vector d, just have reasonable error but can from cable system, determine the position of damaged cable more exactly and the separating of degree of injury, can discern separating of support displacement more exactly.
The inventive method specifically comprises:
A. for sake of convenience, it is evaluation object that the present invention unitedly calls evaluated support cable and support displacement component, and establishing the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of support displacement component is N, and promptly the quantity of evaluation object is N; Determine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention represents this numbering with variable i, i=1, and 2,3 ..., N;
The support cable with monitored Suo Li of appointment when b. determining hybrid monitoring is established total Q root rope in the cable system, and the monitored rope force data of structure is by M on the structure
1The M of individual appointment rope
1Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope; Each total M
1Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure; M
1Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by K on the structure
2L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
2The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly K
2The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point; Each total M
2Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain, M
2Be K
2And L
2Long-pending; M
2Be to be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by K on the structure
3L individual specified point, that cross each specified point
3H individual appointment straight line, each appointment straight line
3Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments; Each total M
3Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure, M
3Be K
3, L
3And H
3Long-pending; M
3Be one and be not less than 0 integer; When determining hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by K on the structure
4L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
4The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly K
4The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point; Each total M
4Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform, M
4Be K
4And L
4Long-pending; M
4Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The monitored amount of comprehensive above-mentioned hybrid monitoring, total M the monitored amount of total, M is M
1, M
2, M
3With the M4 sum, definition parameter K, K is M
1, K
2, K
3And K
4Sum, K and M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object; Because M monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitor method of support displacement "; For simplicity, in the present invention that this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as;
C. directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector C
oObtain monitored amount initial vector C in actual measurement
oThe time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure support coordinate data of structure;
D. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure support coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
E. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C;
F. actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount;
G. define evaluation object current state vector d, the element number of evaluation object current state vector d equals the quantity of evaluation object, between the element of evaluation object current state vector d and the evaluation object is one-to-one relationship, and the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d is represented the degree of injury or the displacement of corresponding evaluation object;
H. the current numerical value vector C of the monitored amount of foundation is with monitored amount initial vector C
o, the linear approximate relationship that exists between the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C and evaluation object current state to be asked vector d, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, other amount in the formula 1 except that d is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate evaluation object current state vector d; Because the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d is represented the degree of injury or the displacement of corresponding evaluation object, so define the impaired and degree of injury of which rope according to evaluation object current state vector, can determine support displacement, promptly realize the health status assessment of cable system in the assessment of support displacement and the Cable Structure;
C=C
o+ Δ Cd formula 1
In step e, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on, the concrete grammar that obtains the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C by the several times Mechanics Calculation is:
E1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object that unit damage or unit displacement are arranged, concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable has unit damage, if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing in this sense of displacement generation unit displacement, uses D
UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;
E2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtain a monitored quantitative change vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged;
E3. form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.
Beneficial effect: method disclosed by the invention can identify the health status (position and the degree of injury that comprise all damaged cables) of Cable Structure support displacement and cable system simultaneously, and system and method disclosed by the invention is very useful to the safety of Cable Structure.
Embodiment
At the health monitoring of Cable Structure, the invention discloses a kind of system and method that can monitor in the Cable Structure health status of each root rope and each support displacement component in the cable system rationally and effectively simultaneously.The following describes of embodiments of the invention in fact only is exemplary, and purpose never is to limit application of the present invention or use.
The present invention adopts a kind of algorithm, and this algorithm is used for monitoring the health status of the cable system of Cable Structure.During concrete enforcement, the following step is a kind of in the various steps that can take.
The first step: for sake of convenience, it is evaluation object that the present invention unitedly calls evaluated support cable and support displacement component, and establishing the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of support displacement component is N, and promptly the quantity of evaluation object is N; Determine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention represents this numbering with variable i, i=1, and 2,3 ..., N.
The support cable with monitored Suo Li of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring is established total Q root rope in the cable system, and the monitored rope force data of structure is by M on the structure
1The M of individual appointment rope
1Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope.Each total M
1Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure.M
1Be one and be not less than 0 integer.When reality was selected the rope of monitored Suo Li, the rope that can select those Suo Li to be easy to measure was monitored rope.
The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by K on the structure
2L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
2The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly K
2The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point.Each total M
2Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain, M
2Be K
2And L
2Long-pending.M
2Be one and be not less than 0 integer.A near point each fixed endpoint that can be exactly each root rope (drag-line that for example is cable-stayed bridge is at the stiff end on the bridge) with the measured point of monitored strain, this specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, this point generally should not be a stress concentration point, avoiding occurring excessive strain measurement value, the fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or in its vicinity when these points generally should all be not hybrid monitoring yet.
The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by K on the structure
3L individual specified point, that cross each specified point
3H individual appointment straight line, each appointment straight line
3Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments.Each total M
3Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure, M
3Be K
3, L
3And H
3Long-pending.M
3Be one and be not less than 0 integer.Each specified point can be exactly the fixed endpoint (drag-line that for example is cable-stayed bridge is at the stiff end on the bridge floor) or a near point it of each root rope, this specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, and the point of monitored angle-data generally should all not be chosen as " fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring " and " point of the monitored strain of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring "; Can only measure an angle coordinate of specifying straight line at each specified point, for example measure the body structure surface normal of specified point or the tangent line angle coordinate with respect to the acceleration of gravity direction, in fact be exactly measurement of dip angle here.
When determining hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by K on the structure
4L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
4The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly K
4The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point.Each total M
4Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform, M
4Be K
4And L
4Long-pending.M
4Be one and be not less than 0 integer.Each specified point can be exactly the fixed endpoint (for example being the stiff end of drag-line on bridge of cable-stayed bridge) of each root rope, and this specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, perhaps directly is exactly the structural bearings fulcrum; Here Xuan Ding monitored point should all not selected " fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring ", " point of the monitored strain of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring " and " point of the monitored angle-data of appointment or point in its vicinity in the hybrid monitoring " for use.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total be total M monitored amount with regard to hybrid monitoring, and M is M
1, M
2, M
3With the M4 sum, definition parameter K, K is M
1, K
2, K
3And K
4Sum, K and M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object.Because M monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitor method of support displacement ".For simplicity, in the present invention that this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as.
Second step: directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector C
oObtain monitored amount initial vector C in actual measurement
oThe time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data (is exactly its initial bridge type data for cable-stayed bridge) and the initial Cable Structure support coordinate data of structure.
The 3rd step: according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure (data such as initial Suo Li, structural modal data that comprise structure original geometric form data, strain data, all ropes, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, strain data, rope force data, bridge), the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure support coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o, based on Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe computational data that calculates structure must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.
The 4th step: at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C; Concrete grammar is: at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object that unit damage or unit displacement are arranged, concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable has unit damage, if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing in this sense of displacement generation unit displacement, uses D
UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time; The monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtain a monitored quantitative change vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged; Form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.
The 5th step: set up linear relationship error vector e and vectorial g.Utilize data (the monitored amount initial vector C of front
o, monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C), when the 4th step calculated each time, promptly in calculating each time unit change D is appearring
UiThe evaluation object of (unit change refers to unit damage or the unit displacement in the 4th step) is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit change in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, when the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time, calculate each time and form an evaluation object state vector d, have only the numerical value of an element to get the unit change D that this calculates appointment in all elements of this evaluation object state vector d
Ui, the numerical value of other element gets 0, and numerical value is D among the evaluation object state vector d
UiThe unit change degree (D of element evaluation object of unique generation unit change when calculating corresponding to this time
Ui); With C, C
o, Δ C, d bring formula (10) into, obtains a linear relationship error vector e, calculates a linear relationship error vector e each time; There is N evaluation object that N calculating is just arranged, N linear relationship error vector e just arranged, to obtain a vector after this N the linear relationship error vector e addition, the new vector that each element of this vector is obtained after divided by N is exactly final linear relationship error vector e.Vector g equals final error vector e.
The 6th step: the hardware components of pass line structural healthy monitoring system.Hardware components comprises at least: monitored amount monitoring system (for example containing measurement of angle subsystem, cable force measurement subsystem, strain measurement subsystem, volume coordinate measurement subsystem, signal conditioner etc.), signal (data) collector, the computing machine and the panalarm of communicating by letter.Each monitored amount all must arrive by monitored system monitoring, and monitoring system is transferred to signal (data) collector with the signal that monitors; Signal is delivered to computing machine through signal picker; Computing machine then is responsible for the health monitoring software of operation Cable Structure, comprises the signal that the transmission of tracer signal collector comes; Damage or bearing are arranged when displacement is arranged when monitoring rope, when perhaps two kinds of situations take place simultaneously, the computer control communication panalarm to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
The 7th step: with monitored amount initial vector C
o, monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C is kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software in the mode of data file.
The 8th step: establishment and installation and operation is based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitoring systems software of support displacement on computers, this software will be finished functions such as the needed monitoring of each task of the present invention, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warning (being all work that can finish with computing machine in this specific implementation method).
The 9th step: actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form " the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount ".
The tenth step: the current numerical value vector C of the monitored amount of foundation is with monitored amount initial vector C
o, existence between monitored amount unit change matrix Δ C and evaluation object current state vector d (the current state of health data by all evaluation objects is formed) linear approximate relationship (formula (7)), calculate the noninferior solution of evaluation object current state vector d according to multi-objective optimization algorithm, just have reasonable error but can assess the separating of health status of all evaluation objects more exactly.
The multi-objective optimization algorithm that can adopt has a variety of, for example: based on the multiple-objection optimization of genetic algorithm, based on the multiple-objection optimization of artificial neural network, based on the multi-objective optimization algorithm of population, multiple-objection optimization, leash law (Constrain Method), weighted method (Weighted Sum Method), goal programming method (Goal Attainment Method) or the like based on ant group algorithm.Because various multi-objective optimization algorithms all are conventional algorithms, can realize easily, this implementation step is that example provides the process of finding the solution evaluation object current state vector d with the goal programming method only, and the specific implementation process of other algorithm can realize in a similar fashion according to the requirement of its specific algorithm.
According to the goal programming method, formula (7) can transform the multi-objective optimization question shown in an accepted way of doing sth (13) and the formula (14), γ is a real number in the formula (13), R is a real number field, area of space Ω has limited the span of each element of vectorial d, and (each element of present embodiment requirements vector d is not less than 0, is not more than 1; Selected corresponding to each element of support displacement according to the bearing restriction range, for example be placed in bridge tower bearing on the bridge pier displacement greater than 2 meters should not take place).The meaning of formula (13) is to seek the real number γ of a minimum, makes formula (14) be met.G (d) is defined by formula (15) in the formula (14), the deviation that allows between middle G (d) of the product representation formula (14) of weighing vector W and γ and the vectorial g in the formula (14), and the definition of g is referring to formula (12), and its value calculates in the 7th step.Vector W can be identical with vectorial g during actual computation.The concrete programming of goal programming method realizes having had universal program directly to adopt.Use goal programming method just can be in the hope of evaluation object current state vector d.
minimize?γ
(13)
γ∈R，d∈Ω
G(d)-Wγ≤g (14)
G(d)＝abs(ΔC·d-C+C
o) (15)
The element number of evaluation object current state vector d equals the quantity of evaluation object, is one-to-one relationship between the element of evaluation object current state vector d and the evaluation object; If this evaluation object of the element correspondence of evaluation object current state vector d is a support cable, the element numerical value of this evaluation object current state vector d represents the degree of injury of corresponding rope or health status if the numerical value of this element that solves is 0 so, represent that the pairing rope of this element is intact, do not damage, if its numerical value is 100%, represent that then the pairing rope of this element has completely lost load-bearing capacity, if its numerical value between 0 and 100%, is then represented this rope and has been lost the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion; If this evaluation object of the element correspondence of evaluation object current state vector d is a support displacement component, the element numerical value of this evaluation object current state vector d is represented the numerical value of corresponding support displacement component so.
The 11 step: the computing machine in the health monitoring systems regularly generates cable system health condition form automatically or by the personnel operation health monitoring systems.
The 12 step: under specified requirements, the automatic operation communication panalarm of the computing machine in the health monitoring systems to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
Claims (2)
1. one kind based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitor method of support displacement, it is characterized in that described method comprises:
A. claim that evaluated support cable and support displacement component are evaluation object, establishing the quantity of evaluated support cable and the quantity sum of support displacement component is N, and promptly the quantity of evaluation object is N; Determine the coding rule of evaluation object, with evaluation object numberings all in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; Represent this numbering with variable i, i=1,2,3 ..., N;
The support cable with monitored Suo Li of appointment when b. determining hybrid monitoring is established total Q root support cable in the cable system, and the monitored rope force data of Cable Structure is by M on the Cable Structure
1The M of individual appointment support cable
1Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of Cable Structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of support cable; Each total M
1Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of Cable Structure; M
1Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when surveying is faced in definite mixing, and the monitored strain data of Cable Structure is by K on the Cable Structure
2L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
2The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of Cable Structure strain data is exactly K
2The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point; Each total M
2Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize Cable Structure strain, M
2Be K
2And L
2Long-pending; M
2Be to be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when determining hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of Cable Structure is by K on the Cable Structure
3L individual specified point, that cross each specified point
3H individual appointment straight line, each appointment straight line
3Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of Cable Structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments; Each total M
3Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of Cable Structure, M
3Be K
3, L
3And H
3Long-pending; M
3Be one and be not less than 0 integer; When determining hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of Cable Structure is by K on the Cable Structure
4L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
4The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of Cable Structure shape data is exactly K
4The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point; Each total M
4Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize Cable Structure shape, M
4Be K
4And L
4Long-pending; M
4Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The monitored amount of comprehensive above-mentioned hybrid monitoring, total M the monitored amount of whole Cable Structure, M is M
1, M
2, M
3And M
4Sum, definition parameter K, K is M
1, K
2, K
3And K
4Sum, K and M must not be less than the quantity N of evaluation object; Because M monitored amount is dissimilar, so this method is called " based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitor method of support displacement "; For simplicity, this step is listed " all monitored parameters of Cable Structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as;
C. directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector C
oObtain monitored amount initial vector C in actual measurement
oThe time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all support cables of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure support coordinate data of structure;
D. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of support cable and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure support coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
E. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, by calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C;
F. actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount;
G. define evaluation object current state vector d, the element number of evaluation object current state vector d equals the quantity of evaluation object, between the element of evaluation object current state vector d and the evaluation object is one-to-one relationship, and the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d is represented the degree of injury or the displacement of corresponding evaluation object;
H. the current numerical value vector C of the monitored amount of foundation is with monitored amount initial vector C
o, the linear approximate relationship that exists between the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C and evaluation object current state to be asked vector d, this linear approximate relationship is expressed as formula 1, other amount in the formula 1 except that d is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate evaluation object current state vector d; Because the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d is represented the degree of injury or the displacement of corresponding evaluation object, so define the impaired and degree of injury of which support cable according to evaluation object current state vector, can determine support displacement, promptly realize the health status assessment of cable system in the assessment of support displacement and the Cable Structure;
C=C
o+ Δ Cd formula 1.
2. according to claim 1 based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitor method of support displacement, it is characterized in that in step e, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on, the concrete grammar that obtains the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C by the several times Mechanics Calculation is:
E1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculating hypothesis each time has only an evaluation object that unit damage or unit displacement are arranged, concrete, if this evaluation object is a support cable in the cable system, so just suppose that this support cable has unit damage, if this evaluation object is the displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing in this sense of displacement generation unit displacement, uses D
UiWrite down this unit damage or unit displacement, wherein i represents to take place the numbering of the evaluation object of unit damage or unit displacement; The evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in calculating each time is different from the evaluation object that occurs unit damage or unit displacement in other time calculating, calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;
E2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtain a monitored quantitative change vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative change vector just arranged;
E3. form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative change vector.
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| CN102288428A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-12-21 | 东南大学 | Method for distinguishing slack cable based on hybrid monitoring in angular displacement of supporting seat |
| CN102288442A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-12-21 | 东南大学 | Method for distinguishing damaged cable, slack cable and angular displacement of supporting seat based on angle monitoring |
| CN102305723A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-01-04 | 东南大学 | Health monitoring method based on mixed monitoring and identification of damaged cable and generalized displacement of support |
| CN102323087A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-01-18 | 东南大学 | Health monitoring method for identifying damaged cable and support generalized displacement on the basis of strain monitoring |
| CN102323098A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-01-18 | 东南大学 | Angle monitoring based method for monitoring health of damaged cable and supporting seat generalized displacement |
| CN103852313A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-06-11 | 东南大学 | Angular displacement mixed-monitoring load identification method for problematic cable |
| CN105403333B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-06-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Bridge pad elastomer load force measuring method and support elastomer |
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