CN101430557A - Multi-protocol data transducer used for vehicle fault diagnosis and its diagnosis processing method - Google Patents
Multi-protocol data transducer used for vehicle fault diagnosis and its diagnosis processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-protocol data converter for vehicle fault diagnosis, which comprises a vehicle connection interface and a RS232 interface connected with a microcontroller; a converter feed circuit and an a K line signal condition circuit, a CAN signal condition circuit and an ALDL signal condition circuit are respectively arranged between the microcontroller and the vehicle connection interface; a RS 232 signal condition signal is arranged between the microcontroller and the RS232 interface; the vehicle connection interface adopts a standard EOBD and an OBD II connector which meet ISO 15031-3 and SAE J1962 prescriptions; the microcontroller is embedded with a vehicle protocol automatic search module and a protocol diagnosis module. The protocol diagnosis module comprises a diagnosis processing submodule of ISO15765/SAE J1939 protocol and a diagnosis processing submodule of SAE J1850/ISO 9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL protocol; an SAE J1850 signal alignment circuit is arranged between the microcontroller and the vehicle connection interface and used for realizing signal condition by two ways of J1850 VPW andJ1850 PWM; the microcontroller and each signal condition circuit are connected by the interface circuit of the microcontroller; at the same time, the invention also discloses a diagnosis method for the data converter.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of data converter of automobile failure diagnosis, relates in particular to a kind of based on the vehicle breakdown diagnostic system of PC and the multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis in the exploitation of hand-held vehicle fault diagnosis equipment.
Background technology
Since the 1950's, combine with electronic technology by automotive engineering, the range of application of electronic technology on automobile is more and more wider, and provide that speed is quick, powerful, dependable performance, Auto Electronic Controlled System with low cost, greatly improved dynamic property, economy, security and the comfortableness of automobile.Yet, brought increasing difficulty to auto repair work because the electronization of automobile control causes the unprecedented complicacy of automotive system.At this situation, to beginning of the eighties late 1970s, the most of automakers in the world just bring into use electronically to detect and diagnose the function and the fault of each parts of motor car engine and other electronic control systems, monitor each working state of system of automobile in real time, provide diagnosis for the maintenance personal simultaneously and fix a breakdown foundation is provided, Here it is OBD (On-Board Diagnostics)-onboard diagnostic system.
On the other hand, because automobile has become one of maximum source of atmospheric pollution all over the world, present many countries all will control vehicular discharge as the important process that improves atmosphere quality, and this has directly caused the fast development of the relevant OBD system of motor vehicle emission.The system that the OBD system that discharging is relevant utilizes the On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) technology specially the vehicular discharge related system to be monitored and diagnosed.The direct measurement of required monitor value is based on by the OBD system that discharging is relevant, but need be by the abundant believable mutual corresponding relation of setting up monitored signal and desired discharge measuring result of indirect algorithm, when signal generation ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS, the potential trend that may influence emission level is made accurate judgement and sent warning, thereby reach the purpose that reduces discharging.Practical experience proves, the OBD technology is one of effective technology means of control vehicular discharge, countries in the world are formulated rules one after another and are promoted this The Application of Technology, have formed the OBD technical system of U.S. OBD (OBDII), European OBD (EOBD) and Japanese OBD (JOBD) three big kinds at present.
The U.S. is the country that promotes the OBD technical progress the earliest, nineteen eighty-two CARB (California Air Resources Board) California, USA atmosphere resource bureau) formulates and to begin all vehicles of selling in the California from 1988 and must equip onboard diagnostic system OBD, lost efficacy to be used to controlling exhaust system.Because there is defective in early stage onboard diagnostic system (being referred to as OBD I now), CARB in 1988 begin the research on standard of the OBD system of the second generation, are referred to as OBD II system.After 1994, SAE also constantly revises the related content of OBD II continuously, has issued series standards such as SAE J1962, SAE J2012, SAE J1930, SAE J1978, SAE J1979 and SAE J1850.Through the authentication of environmental protection institution (EPA) and California, USA resource association (CARB) by and require each automobile factory to provide unified diagnose interface, communication mode and diagnostic trouble code according to the standard of OBD-II.So after 2004, the OBD II system through revising is become advanced OBD II system (Revised OBD II).
In U.S. enforcement OBD-II, the European Community is the car produced of corresponding requirements Europe various countries automaker corresponding configuration Europe electronic automobile fault diagnosis system all also, be EOBD (European On-board Diagnosis System), and progressively issue relevant criterion such as ISO 9141, ISO 14230, ISO 14229, ISO 15031, ISO 15765.Stipulate according to EU-Richtlinle 1999/102/EG clause, the car (load-carrying is less than 2.5 tons) of calendar year 2001 all new productions of Europe only limits to petrol engine configuration EOBD system, and requires must force configuration EOBD system in 2004 for the diesel motor car.Stipulated among the 98/69/EC that Europe III and Europe IV Light-duty Vehicle install the technology and the testing requirements of On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) (OBD) system additional.
In Japan, reinforcement trend how to tackle automobile emission regulation is the important topic of vehicle complete vehicle company always.On September 20th, 2003, the Tu Jiaotongsheng of Japan revised the emission standard of passenger car, load-carrying vehicle and motor bus, had formulated to be called as the strictest in the world " new long-term Abgasgesetz ".This rules and regulations new model began from October 1st, 2005, and the vehicle of going into operation and continuing to produce is implemented new emission regulation from September 1st, 2007.The effect of " vehicular the fault diagnosis system "-OBD that matches thus is than all bringing into play bigger supervision effect any time before.In this simultaneously, also more make one notice from the outside importance that connects " scanning diagnostic device " (Scan Tool) of OBD system of car.It seems, arrive in Japan's " highly electronic maintaining epoch ".In order to cooperate the Abgasgesetz after strengthen in September, 1998, to put teeth in OBD is installed, and stipulates to carry out from novel passenger car, then, expand In-Use Motor Vehicles to since in October, 2000.In order to adapt to new Abgasgesetz, the self-diagnosable system that the detection of Japanese car circle plan Development of New Generation and monitor emissions reduce device.In other words, require dress,, and can guarantee detection failure in advance with the concentration of effective basis from the information diagnosis emission gases of various sensors with more accurate OBD.
Work in China OBD field also still is in the starting stage; according to the relevant requirements of The Law on Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China and " The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution ", State Environmental Protection Administration and State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine united and have issued GB18352.3-2005 " light vehicle pollutant emission limit and measuring method (Chinese III, IV stage) " on April 15th, 2005.On Dec 31st, 2005, Beijing began to implement in advance national III stage Abgasgesetz, and required new model must have the OBD system.On January 1st, 2007 rose, and the vehicle that sell in its city in Guangzhou must have the OBD system.Came into effect standard GB18352.3-2005 " light vehicle pollutant emission limit and measuring method (Chinese III, IV stage) " the III stage on July 1st, 2007.Played first kind gasoline car (seating capacity is no more than six, and Maximum total mass is no more than the M1 class vehicle of 2500kg) on July 1st, 2008 and require to be equipped with the OBD system, wherein, carrying out synchronously with the inspection of car accordance producing car postponement execution in a year.Rise on July 1st, 2010 and to require all light vehicles all will assemble the OBD system.
Generally speaking, under the promotion of automobile relevant laws and regulations, at present, the automobile of production has extensively been equipped the OBD system both at home and abroad in automotive electronic technology development and various countries.This system is one of most important means of Hyundai Motor fault diagnosis, it has comprised the special self-diagnostic program for on-line monitoring and diagnosis each system failure of vehicle and parts fault thereof that one section each electronic control unit of vehicle (ECUs) adds, it has the function that may there be the zone of fault in identification, and with the mode of failure code with this information storage in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) storer.Convenience in order to diagnose and to keep in repair also is provided with special diagnose interface simultaneously.Utilize outside diagnostic device, can read the duty of failure message or the test related system and the parts of vehicle registration by this diagnose interface.
The OBD system has progressively moved towards standardization under the promotion of automobile relevant laws and regulations in various countries, but because historical reasons still can not reach complete unity in the long time at present very in the future, these unified contents especially show on the communication mode of use.At present automobile OBD system with the external diagnosis devices communicating in the data exchange agreement that uses comprised the autonomous use agreement of SAE J1850, ISO 9141, ISO 14230 and ISO 15765 and part car load manufacturer that OBD specification recommends in various countries is used, such as K1281 and ALDL etc.Because the automobile brand of the present production and selling of China is numerous, the communication protocol that the OBD system of equipment uses also is various, each other can not compatible universal.Therefore in general failure diagnostic apparatus all is to diagnose single automobile development, is the vehicle salvage shop of specialty or the expensive device that the 4S shop just can be equipped with.
In open day on January 9th, 2008, a kind of diagnostic system that is used for automobile electronic control unit is disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent of notification number CN201004013; The technical scheme of this system is to comprise USB diagnosing protocol boxcar, the computing machine of connection USB diagnosing protocol boxcar and the diagnosis cable that connects USB diagnosing protocol boxcar and vehicle diagnosis seat; Described USB diagnosing protocol boxcar comprises CAN Bus Interface Unit and K Bus Interface Unit; Described diagnosis cable links to each other with the vehicle diagnosis seat by CAN Bus Interface Unit or K Bus Interface Unit; Described computing machine comprises diagnostic data base and diagnosis unit.USB diagnosing protocol boxcar in the technique scheme to connect CAN bus or two kinds of forms of K bus, can not adapt to vehicle diagnostics communication form diversity only better; When vehicle when communication data between the diagnostic device exchanges, its USB diagnosing protocol boxcar can only be realized the conversion between CAN bus or K bus data stream and the usb bus data stream, therefore, corresponding diagnostic device must have the network layer of CAN bus or K bus, the protocol processes function of data link layer, thereby has increased the complicacy of diagnostic device.
Summary of the invention
Because the automobile brand of the present production and selling of China is numerous, the communication protocol that the OBD system of equipment uses also is various, each other can not compatible universal.Therefore in general failure diagnostic apparatus all is to diagnose single automobile development, is the vehicle salvage shop of specialty or the expensive device that the 4S shop just can be equipped with.The invention provides a kind of multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis, can be applied in the various vehicle breakdown diagnostic systems, the data conversion device of the various communication protocols of using on the present automobile that has been a kind of compatibility, the above-mentioned multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis is applied in based on the vehicle breakdown diagnostic system of PC and the exploitation of hand-held vehicle fault diagnosis equipment, so that the Auto analyzer developer is absorbed in the software development of application layer, thereby can shorten the development time greatly, reduce cost of development.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is used for the technical scheme that the multi-protocol data transducer of automobile failure diagnosis is achieved: comprise vehicle connecting interface and the RS232 interface that is connected with microcontroller, be respectively arranged with converter feed circuit and K line signal conditioning circuit between described microcontroller and the vehicle connecting interface, CAN signal conditioning circuit and ALDL signal conditioning circuit, be provided with the RS232 signal conditioning circuit between described microcontroller and the RS232 interface, described vehicle connecting interface adopts and meets ISO 15031-3 and SAE J1962 specified standard EOBD and OBDII general connector; Embed in the described microcontroller vehicle protocol automatic search module and protocol diagnosis module are arranged; Described protocol diagnosis module comprises the diagnostic process submodule of ISO15765/SAE J1939 agreement and the diagnostic process submodule of SAE J1850/ISO 9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement; Also be provided with the SAE J1850 signal adjustment circuit that is used to realize J1850 VPW and J1850 PWM dual mode signal condition between described microcontroller and the vehicle connecting interface; Described K line signal conditioning circuit is used to realize the signal condition of ISO 9141, ISO 14230 and three kinds of agreements of KW1281; Described CAN signal conditioning circuit is made of ISO15765 and SAE J1939 signal adjustment circuit, be used to realize meeting ISO15765 standard I D and Extended ID, the standard I D of ISO 14229 agreements and the CAN communication pattern of Extended ID, and the signal condition of SAE J1939 mode; Connection between described microcontroller and above-mentioned each signal conditioning circuit realizes by the microcontroller interface circuit.
Utilize the above-mentioned multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis to carry out vehicle protocol search and its diagnosis processing method automatically, may further comprise the steps:
Start the vehicle protocol automatic search module in the microcontroller when (1) powering on, thereby carry out the employed communication protocol of search vehicle, and registration of vehicle protocol number DP_N, as follows with described DP_N value corresponding protocols relation:
DP_N=0, the agreement that this vehicle uses is the unsupported communication protocol of converter;
DP_N=1, the SAE J1850 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=2, the ISO9141 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=3, the ISO14230 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=4, the ISO15765 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=5, the SAE J1939 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=6, the ALDL communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=7, the KW1281 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
(2) if the vehicle protocol DP_N=0 of record, VD2 and two light emitting diodes of VD3 of being connected with microcontroller of flicker simultaneously then are to warn the operator;
(3), then enter RS232 sqignal conditioning circuit and wait for the state that receives diagnostic instruction if the vehicle protocol DP_N of record is not 0; When RS232 sqignal conditioning circuit received instruction or data, whether first decision instruction or data met ISO14229, ISO15031-5 or the SAEJ1979 standard of vehicle connecting interface; If do not meet one of them of above-mentioned ISO14229, ISO15031-5 or SAEJ1979 standard, then feedback " request instruction is lack of standardization " information is carried out diagnostic process otherwise call the corresponding protocol diagnostic module according to the DP_N value, and one of following two kinds of situations are arranged;
(3-1) if DP_N=1, DP_N=2, DP_N=3, DP_N=6 or DP_N=7, the diagnostic process submodule that then is embedded in the SAE J1850/ISO9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement in the controller carries out following diagnostic process according to the open interconnected pattern of OSI: at first, receive the instruction of the application layer data UP_D form that meets ISO14229, ISO15031-5 or SAE J1979 standard; Then, the UP_D format order that receives is changed into the data that meet corresponding diagnosing protocol link layer data LP_D form and send to vehicle OBD system; After sending instruction, wait for the data that receive vehicle ECU response; Whenever be converted into the UP_D form after receiving the data of LP_D form of a response, and send response data by RS232; When the stand-by period overflows, then withdraw from above-mentioned diagnostic process process;
(3-2) if DP_N=4 or DP_N=5, the diagnostic process submodule that then is embedded in the ISO 15765/SAE J1939 agreement in the controller carries out following diagnostic process according to the open interconnected pattern of OSI: at first, receive the instruction of the application layer data UP_D form that meets ISO14229, ISO15031-5 or SAE J1979 standard; Then, the UP_D format order that receives is changed into the data that meet corresponding diagnosing protocol link layer data LP_D form and send to vehicle OBD system; After sending instruction, wait for the data that receive vehicle ECU response; If the response data of single frames then directly is converted into the UP_D form with the LP_D formatted data that responds, and sends response data by RS232; If the multiframe response data stores after then earlier its multiframe response data being put in order according to ID, wait to wait until after whole message receives end again the LP_D formatted data that responds to be converted into the UP_D form, and send response data by RS232; When the stand-by period overflows, withdraw from above-mentioned diagnostic process process.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention's multi-protocol data transducer of being used for automobile failure diagnosis is supported the vehicle diagnosis communication protocol that state III, EOBD and OBDII require fully, comprises that but SAE J1850, ISO9141, ISO14230 and ISO15765 have also increased non-laws and regulations requirement on this basis use wider SAE J1939, ALDL and KW1281.That is to say that data converter supports seven all On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) communication protocols altogether, and this deagnostic communication agreement that to be most automobiles of selling in China at present use.
(2) the present invention's multi-protocol data transducer deagnostic communication agreement of supporting of search vehicle OBD system automatically when powering on of being used for automobile failure diagnosis is carried out exchanges data according to the communication protocol and the upper diagnostic device that search then.
(3) the present invention's multi-protocol data transducer of being used for automobile failure diagnosis has been finished the data link layer of seven kinds of agreements being supported and the processing of network layer when finishing vehicle and communication data between the diagnostic device exchanges, and the data that exchange at the diagnostic device by RS232 and upper strata meet the Diagnosis Service and the data layout of ISO 14229, ISO 15031-5 and SAE J1979 defined fully.Can simplify diagnostic software when therefore utilizing the present invention to develop diagnostic device, only need be absorbed in the exploitation of the application layer of diagnosis, shorten the cycle of exploitation, reduce cost of development.
(4) as shown in Figure 1, the end that the present invention is used for the multi-protocol data transducer of automobile failure diagnosis is connected with the vehicle diagnostics interface, and its other end is with RS232 serial ports form swap data.This data converter and vehicle communicate to connect can compatible China GB 18352.3-2005 " light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limit and measuring method " (Chinese III, IV stage) defined all communicate to connect mode, and on this mode, expanded two K lines and ALDL connected mode.The data layout of RS232 interface exchange meets the data layout and the Diagnosis Service of ISO 15031-5, SAE J1979 and ISO 14229 defineds.The present invention is mainly used in can shortening the time of exploitation in a large number based in the vehicle breakdown diagnostic system of PC and the exploitation of hand-held vehicle fault diagnosis equipment, reduces cost of development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is multi-protocol data transducer and the peripheral hardware annexation synoptic diagram that the present invention is used for automobile failure diagnosis;
Fig. 2 is the multi-protocol data transducer hardware block diagram that number of the present invention is used for automobile failure diagnosis;
Fig. 3 is the connecting interface of vehicle shown in a Fig. 2 pinout synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the J1850 of SAE shown in Fig. 2 signal conditioning circuit figure;
Fig. 5 is ISO shown in Fig. 2 9141, ISO 14230 and KW1281 signal conditioning circuit figure;
Fig. 6 is ISO15765 shown in Fig. 2 and SAE J1939 signal conditioning circuit figure;
Fig. 7 is RS232 shown in Fig. 2 and ALDL signal conditioning circuit figure;
Fig. 8 is the interface circuit of RS232 shown in Fig. 2 figure;
Fig. 9 is the interface circuit figure of microcontroller shown in Fig. 2;
Figure 10 is the general structure block diagram that is used for the multi-protocol data transducer flush bonding module of automobile failure diagnosis;
Figure 11 utilizes data converter of the present invention to carry out the vehicle protocol program flow diagram of search automatically;
Figure 12 is the process flow diagram that data converter of the present invention carries out SAE J1850/ISO 9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement diagnostic process;
Figure 13 is the process flow diagram that data converter of the present invention carries out ISO 15765/SAE J1939 agreement diagnostic process.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done and to describe in further detail.
The annexation of data converter of the present invention and peripheral hardware
As shown in Figure 1, data converter is made up of vehicle connecting interface, data converting circuit and RS232 interface.Data converter is connected with vehicle OBD diagnose interface by the vehicle connecting interface, and the diagnostic device by RS232 and upper strata carries out swap data, and data converting circuit is mainly finished the conversion of the data layout between two interfaces.
The present invention is used for the multi-protocol data transducer of automobile failure diagnosis can finish following function:
(1) converter is powered to it by vehicle accumulator by the vehicle connecting interface, and it can compatible 12V and 24V vehicle accumulator system, and it is 9 to 36V that operate as normal can be born service area.
Support SAE J1850, ISO9141, ISO14230, ISO15765, SAEJ1939, ALDL and five kinds of On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) communication protocols of KW1281 when (2) data converter is connected with vehicle.
Support the Diagnosis Service and the data layout of ISO 14229, ISO15031-5 and SAE J1979 defined when (3) diagnostic device of data converter by RS232 and upper strata carries out swap data.
(4) data converter deagnostic communication agreement of supporting of search vehicle OBD system automatically when powering on is carried out exchanges data according to the communication protocol and the upper diagnostic device that search then.
The present invention is used for the hardware systems of the multi-protocol data transducer of automobile failure diagnosis
The hardware configuration of data converter as shown in Figure 2, comprise vehicle connecting interface and the RS232 interface that is connected with microcontroller, be respectively arranged with the converter feed circuit between described microcontroller and the vehicle connecting interface, be used to realize the SAE J1850 signal adjustment circuit of J1850 VPW and J1850 PWM dual mode signal condition; Be used to realize the K line signal conditioning circuit of the signal condition of ISO 9141, ISO 14230 and three kinds of agreements of KW1281; Constitute by ISO15765 and SAE J1939 signal adjustment circuit, be used to realize meeting ISO15765 standard I D and Extended ID, the standard I D of ISO 14229 agreements and the CAN communication pattern of Extended ID and the CAN signal conditioning circuit of the signal condition of SAE J1939 mode; The ALDL signal conditioning circuit; Be provided with the RS232 signal conditioning circuit between described microcontroller and the RS232 interface, described vehicle connecting interface adopts and meets ISO 15031-3 and SAE J1962 specified standard EOBD and OBDII connector; Embed in the described microcontroller vehicle protocol automatic search module and protocol diagnosis module are arranged; Described protocol diagnosis module comprises the diagnostic process submodule of ISO15765/SAEJ1939 agreement and the diagnostic process submodule of SAE J1850/ISO 9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement; Connection between described microcontroller and above-mentioned each signal conditioning circuit is to realize by the interface circuit of microcontroller.
Wherein, the pinout of vehicle connecting interface as shown in Figure 3: 2 pin lead-in wires meets SAE J1850+, 4 and 5 pin lead-in wire ground connection, 6 pin lead-in wire and meets CAN_H, 7 pin lead-in wire and meet K/K1,9 pin lead-in wire and meet SAE 1850-, 14 pin lead-in wire and connect that CAN_L, 15 pin lead-in wire meet L/K2,16 pin lead-in wire meets VB.
The vehicle feed circuit mainly are to connect input battery voltage (12V or 24V) by vehicle to supply with the use of converter each several part circuit through power module pressure regulation output 5V and 8V power supply.
SAEJ 1850 signal adjustment circuits comprise the signal condition of J1850 VPW and J1850 PWM dual mode, its circuit as shown in Figure 4, the TXPWM+ lead-in wire is connected to the base stage of triode Q3 by a resistance, the collection utmost point of triode Q3 is divided into two-way and is connected to vehicle power supply VB or is connected to SAE J1850-lead-in wire by a resistance, and the drain electrode of triode Q3 is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a diode; The RXPWM lead-in wire is connected to the 2nd pin of operational amplifier N4, and the 3rd pin of operational amplifier N4 is connected to vehicle power supply VB, the 12nd pin ground connection; The 5th pin of operational amplifier N4 is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a resistance, and the 4th pin branch of operational amplifier N3 is connected to ground or is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a resistance; TXPWM-goes between and is connected to the base stage of triode Q4 by a resistance, and the collection utmost point of triode Q4 is connected to SAE J1850-lead-in wire, and the drain electrode of triode Q4 is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire or is connected to ground by a resistance after being divided into two-way; The TXVPWM lead-in wire is connected to the 7th pin of operational amplifier N4, the 6th pin of operational amplifier N4 is divided into after three the tunnel by a resistance and is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground or is connected to the 8th pin of operational amplifier N4 by a resistance, and the 1st pin of operational amplifier N4 is divided into behind the two-way base stage that is connected to 8 volts of power supply+8 by a resistance or is connected to triode Q5 by a resistance; The collection utmost point of triode Q5 is connected to 8 volts of power supply+8, and drain electrode is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a diode; The RXPWM lead-in wire is connected to the 14th pin of operational amplifier N4, and the 9th pin of operational amplifier N4 is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire.
K line signal adjustment circuit comprises the signal condition of ISO 9141, ISO 14230 and three kinds of agreements of KW1281, its circuit as shown in Figure 5, the TXK lead-in wire is connected to the base stage of triode Q1 by a resistance, the collection utmost point of triode Q1 divides the base stage that is connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively behind the two-way or is connected to triode Q6, and the grounded drain of triode Q1 connects; The grounded drain of triode Q6 connects, and the collection utmost point of triode Q6 is divided into and is connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively after three the tunnel or is connected to the 5th pin of operational amplifier N3 or is connected to the K/K1 lead-in wire by a resistance; The RXK lead-in wire is connected to the 2nd pin of operational amplifier N3, and the 3rd pin of operational amplifier N3 is connected to vehicle power supply VB, the 12nd pin ground connection; The 4th pin of operational amplifier N3 is divided into after three the tunnel respectively by a resistance and is connected to vehicle power supply VB or is connected to ground or is connected to the 6th pin of operational amplifier N3 by a resistance; The RXL lead-in wire is connected to the 1st pin of operational amplifier N3 by a resistance; The 7th pin of operational amplifier N3 is divided into after by a resistance and is connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively after three the tunnel or is connected to the L/K2 lead-in wire or is connected to the collection utmost point of triode Q7; TXL goes between and is connected to the base stage of triode Q2 by a resistance, and the collection utmost point of triode Q2 divides two-way to be connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively or is connected to the base stage of triode Q7, and the grounded drain of triode Q2 connects; The grounded drain of triode Q7.
As shown in Figure 6, the CAN signal conditioning circuit is: the 1st pin of CAN transceiver D3 is connected to the CANTX lead-in wire, the 2nd pin ground connection, the 3rd pin is connected respectively to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground by an electric capacity after being divided into two-way, the 4th pin is connected to the CANRX lead-in wire, the 6th pin is connected respectively to the CANL lead-in wire or is connected to ground through a resistance and an electric capacity in turn after being divided into two-way, the 7th pin is connected respectively to the CANH lead-in wire or is connected to ground through a resistance and an electric capacity in turn after being divided into two-way, and the 8th pin is connected to ground by a resistance.
As shown in Figure 7, described ALDL and RS232 signal adjustment circuit are: RS232 transceiver the 1st pin is connected to RS232 transceiver the 3rd pin by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 2nd pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 4th pin is connected to RS232 transceiver the 5th pin by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 6th pin is connected to ground by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 7th pin is connected to the RS232TX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 8th pin is connected to the RS232RX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 9th pin is connected to the TX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 10th pin is connected to the RX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 11st pin is connected to the ALDLOUT lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 12nd pin is connected to the ALDLIN lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 13rd pin is connected to the ALDL lead-in wire by a resistance, RS232 transceiver the 14th pin is connected to the ALDL lead-in wire by a diode, RS232 transceiver the 15th pin is divided into two-way and is connected to ground or is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by an electric capacity, and RS232 transceiver the 16th pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc.
As shown in Figure 8, the RS232 interface circuit is: the circuit of described RS232 interface is: the 2nd pin of this RS232 interface is connected to the RS232RX lead-in wire, and the 3rd pin is connected to RS232TX lead-in wire, the 5th pin ground connection.
As shown in Figure 9, the interface circuit of the microcontroller of data converter of the present invention is: the 2nd pin of microcontroller is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground by a resistance by a resistance respectively after being divided into two-way, the 3rd pin is connected to the TXPWM+ lead-in wire, the 4th pin is connected to the TXVPWM lead-in wire, the 5th pin is connected to the RXL lead-in wire, the 9th pin is connected to ground or is connected to crystal by an electric capacity respectively after being divided into two-way, the 10th pin is connected to ground or is connected to crystal by an electric capacity respectively after being divided into two-way, the 11st pin is connected to the RXVPWM lead-in wire, the 12nd pin is connected to the RXK lead-in wire, the 13rd pin is connected to the RXPWM lead-in wire, the 14th pin is connected to the TXVPWM-lead-in wire, the 15th pin is connected to ground, the 16th pin is connected to ground, the 17th pin is connected to the TX lead-in wire, the 18th pin is connected to the RX lead-in wire, the 19th pin is connected to ground, the 20th pin is connected respectively to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground by an electric capacity after being divided into two-way, the 21st pin is connected to the TXL lead-in wire, the 22nd pin is connected to the TXK lead-in wire, the 23rd pin is connected to the CANRX lead-in wire, the 24th pin is connected to the CANTX lead-in wire, the 25th pin is connected to the ALDLOUT lead-in wire, the 26th pin is connected to the ALDLIN lead-in wire, the 27th pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by a resistance and a light emitting diode in turn, and the 28th pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by a resistance and a light emitting diode in turn.
The multi-protocol data transducer that uses the present invention to be used for automobile failure diagnosis is realized the process that vehicle protocol is searched for automatically and fault diagnosis is handled
As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, when powering on, data converter starts the communication protocol that the automatic search utility search vehicle of vehicle protocol is used earlier, and registration of vehicle protocol number DP_N.The DP_N value of record is as shown in table 1.If the scope that the communication protocol that vehicle uses is not supported at this converter, i.e. DP_N=0, OBDLED and the RS232LED caution operator of glimmering so simultaneously: converter is the communication protocol used of support unit not.If DP_N is non-vanishing, then enters RS232 and wait for the state that receives diagnostic instruction.When RS232 received instruction (perhaps data), whether first decision instruction (perhaps data) met ISO14229, ISO 15031-5 or SAE J1979 standard.
The value corresponding protocols of table 1 vehicle protocol DP_N
| DP_N | |
| 0 | Converter is the communication protocol of support unit use not |
| 1 | Converter is supported |
| 2 | Converter is supported the |
| 3 | Converter is supported the |
| 4 | Converter is supported the |
| 5 | Converter is supported |
| 6 | Converter is supported the |
| 7 | Converter is supported the KW1281 agreement |
If do not meet one of them of above-mentioned ISO14229, ISO15031-5 or SAEJ1979 standard, then feedback " request instruction is lack of standardization " information is carried out diagnostic process otherwise call the corresponding protocol diagnostic module according to the DP_N value, and one of following two kinds of situations are arranged;
(1) as if DP_N=1, DP_N=2, DP_N=3, DP_N=6 or DP_N=7, the diagnostic process submodule that then is embedded in the SAEJ1850/ISO9141/ISO14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement in the controller carries out following diagnostic process:
According to the open interconnected pattern of OSI, the characteristics of SAE J1850/ISO 9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement are to have only Physical layer and data link layer, and its corresponding application layer is for meeting ISO14229, ISO 15031-5, SAE J1979 standard.The multiframe response of same ECU is not supported in many ECU responses of all supporting request of these five kinds of communication protocols simultaneously.Therefore though their data layout is inequality, the mode of data stream is consistent therefore at this their diagnostic process flow process to be described together, and the diagnostic process flow process of SAE J1850/ISO 9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement as shown in figure 12.Wherein at first receive the instruction of UP_D (application layer data) form, just meet the instruction of ISO14229, ISO 15031-5 or SAE J1979 standard, diagnostic processor changes into LP_D (link layer data layout) form that meets corresponding diagnosing protocol with the UP_D format order that receives and sends to vehicle OBD system then.Send the instruction back and wait for the data that receive vehicle ECU response.Because the multiframe response format of neither one ECU can be converted into the UP_D form so whenever receive the LP_D formatted data of a response, send response data by RS232.When overflowing, withdraws from the stand-by period diagnostic processor.
(2) as if DP_N=4 or DP_N=5, the diagnostic process submodule that then is embedded in the ISO 15765/SAE J1939 agreement in the controller carries out following diagnostic process;
According to the open interconnected pattern of OSI, ISO 15765/SAE J1939 agreement all comprise Physical layer, data link layer and network layer, wherein the application layer of ISO 15765 correspondences is ISO 14229, ISO 15031-5, SAE J1979 standard, and SAE J1939 self has comprised the content of application layer.This two all communication protocol all be the specific implementation standard of CAN communication, wherein SAE J1939 only supports the expansion frame of 29 ID, and ISO 15765 has comprised 11 standard frame and the expansion frame of 29 ID.But two all communication protocols all support the many ECU that ask to respond and the multiframe response of same ECU, though therefore the mode of their data stream is consistent, the diagnostic process flow process as shown in figure 13.Wherein at first receive the instruction of UP_D (application layer data) form, just meet the instruction of ISO 14229, ISO 15031-5 or SAE J1979 standard, diagnostic processor changes into LP_D (link layer data layout) form that meets corresponding diagnosing protocol with the UP_D format order that receives and sends to vehicle OBD system then.Send the instruction back and wait for the data that receive vehicle ECU response.If the response data of single frames, directly the LP_D formatted data with response can be converted into the UP_D form, sends response data by RS232.If the multiframe response data is put it and store in order according to ID earlier, wait until after whole message receives end again the LP_D formatted data that responds can be converted into the UP_D form, send response data by RS232.When overflowing, withdraws from the stand-by period diagnostic processor.
Although in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out foregoing description; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong to the row of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis, comprise vehicle connecting interface and the RS232 interface that is connected with microcontroller, be respectively arranged with converter feed circuit and K line signal conditioning circuit, CAN signal conditioning circuit and ALDL signal conditioning circuit between described microcontroller and the vehicle connecting interface, be provided with the RS232 signal conditioning circuit between described microcontroller and the RS232 interface, described vehicle connecting interface adopts and meets ISO 15031-3 and SAE J1962 specified standard EOBD and OBDII general connector; It is characterized in that:
Embed in the described microcontroller vehicle protocol automatic search module and protocol diagnosis module are arranged; Described protocol diagnosis module comprises the diagnostic process submodule of ISO15765/SAE J1939 agreement and the diagnostic process submodule of SAE J1850/ISO 9141/ISO 14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement;
Also be provided with the SAE J1850 signal adjustment circuit that is used to realize J1850 VPW and J1850 PWM dual mode signal condition between described microcontroller and the vehicle connecting interface;
Described K line signal conditioning circuit is used to realize the signal condition of ISO 9141, ISO 14230 and three kinds of agreements of KW1281;
Described CAN signal conditioning circuit is made of ISO15765 and SAE J1939 signal adjustment circuit, be used to realize meeting ISO15765 standard I D and Extended ID, the standard I D of ISO 14229 agreements and the CAN communication pattern of Extended ID, and the signal condition of SAE J1939 mode;
Connection between described microcontroller and above-mentioned each signal conditioning circuit realizes by the microcontroller interface circuit.
2. the multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the formation of described SAE J1850 signal conditioning circuit is:
The TXPWM+ lead-in wire is connected to the base stage of triode Q3 by a resistance, the collection utmost point of triode Q3 is divided into two-way and is connected to vehicle power supply VB or is connected to SAE J1850-lead-in wire by a resistance, and the drain electrode of triode Q3 is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a diode;
The RXPWM lead-in wire is connected to the 2nd pin of operational amplifier N4, and the 3rd pin of operational amplifier N4 is connected to vehicle power supply VB, the 12nd pin ground connection; The 5th pin of operational amplifier N4 is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a resistance, and the 4th pin branch of operational amplifier N3 is connected to ground or is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a resistance;
TXPWM-goes between and is connected to the base stage of triode Q4 by a resistance, and the collection utmost point of triode Q4 is connected to SAE J1850-lead-in wire, and the drain electrode of triode Q4 is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire or is connected to ground by a resistance after being divided into two-way;
The TXVPWM lead-in wire is connected to the 7th pin of operational amplifier N4, the 6th pin of operational amplifier N4 is divided into after three the tunnel by a resistance and is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground or is connected to the 8th pin of operational amplifier N4 by a resistance, and the 1st pin of operational amplifier N4 is divided into behind the two-way base stage that is connected to 8 volts of power supply+8 by a resistance or is connected to triode Q5 by a resistance; The collection utmost point of triode Q5 is connected to 8 volts of power supply+8, and drain electrode is connected to SAE J1850+ lead-in wire by a diode;
The RXPWM lead-in wire is connected to the 14th pin of operational amplifier N4, and the 9th pin of operational amplifier N4 is connected to the SAEJ1850+ lead-in wire.
3. the multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the formation of described K line signal conditioning circuit is:
TXK lead-in wire is connected to the base stage of triode Q1 by a resistance, and the collection utmost point of triode Q1 divides the base stage that is connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively behind the two-way or is connected to triode Q6, and the grounded drain of triode Q1 connects; The grounded drain of triode Q6 connects, and the collection utmost point of triode Q6 is divided into and is connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively after three the tunnel or is connected to the 5th pin of operational amplifier N3 or is connected to the K/K1 lead-in wire by a resistance;
The RXK lead-in wire is connected to the 2nd pin of operational amplifier N3, and the 3rd pin of operational amplifier N3 is connected to vehicle power supply VB, the 12nd pin ground connection; The 4th pin of operational amplifier N3 is divided into after three the tunnel respectively by a resistance and is connected to vehicle power supply VB or is connected to ground or is connected to the 6th pin of operational amplifier N3 by a resistance;
The RXL lead-in wire is connected to the 1st pin of operational amplifier N3 by a resistance; The 7th pin of operational amplifier N3 is divided into after by a resistance and is connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively after three the tunnel or is connected to the L/K2 lead-in wire or is connected to the collection utmost point of triode Q7;
TXL goes between and is connected to the base stage of triode Q2 by a resistance, and the collection utmost point of triode Q2 divides two-way to be connected to vehicle power supply VB by a resistance respectively or is connected to the base stage of triode Q7, and the grounded drain of triode Q2 connects; The grounded drain of triode Q7.
4. the multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the formation of described CAN signal conditioning circuit is: the 1st pin of CAN transceiver D3 is connected to the CANTX lead-in wire, the 2nd pin ground connection, the 3rd pin is connected respectively to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground by an electric capacity after being divided into two-way, the 4th pin is connected to the CANRX lead-in wire, the 6th pin is connected respectively to the CANL lead-in wire or is connected to ground through a resistance and an electric capacity in turn after being divided into two-way, the 7th pin is connected respectively to the CANH lead-in wire or is connected to ground through a resistance and an electric capacity in turn after being divided into two-way, and the 8th pin is connected to ground by a resistance.
5. the multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the formation of described ALDL and RS232 signal adjustment circuit is: RS232 transceiver the 1st pin is connected to RS232 transceiver the 3rd pin by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 2nd pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 4th pin is connected to RS232 transceiver the 5th pin by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 6th pin is connected to ground by an electric capacity, RS232 transceiver the 7th pin is connected to the RS232TX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 8th pin is connected to the RS232RX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 9th pin is connected to the TX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 10th pin is connected to the RX lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 11st pin is connected to the ALDLOUT lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 12nd pin is connected to the ALDLIN lead-in wire, RS232 transceiver the 13rd pin is connected to the ALDL lead-in wire by a resistance, RS232 transceiver the 14th pin is connected to the ALDL lead-in wire by a diode, RS232 transceiver the 15th pin is divided into two-way and is connected to ground or is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by an electric capacity, and RS232 transceiver the 16th pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc.
6. the multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the interface circuit of described microcontroller is: the 2nd pin of microcontroller is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground by a resistance by a resistance respectively after being divided into two-way, the 3rd pin is connected to the TXPWM+ lead-in wire, the 4th pin is connected to the TXVPWM lead-in wire, the 5th pin is connected to the RXL lead-in wire, the 9th pin is connected to ground or is connected to crystal by an electric capacity respectively after being divided into two-way, the 10th pin is connected to ground or is connected to crystal by an electric capacity respectively after being divided into two-way, the 11st pin is connected to the RXVPWM lead-in wire, the 12nd pin is connected to the RXK lead-in wire, the 13rd pin is connected to the RXPWM lead-in wire, the 14th pin is connected to the TXVPWM-lead-in wire, the 15th pin is connected to ground, the 16th pin is connected to ground, the 17th pin is connected to the TX lead-in wire, the 18th pin is connected to the RX lead-in wire, the 19th pin is connected to ground, the 20th pin is connected respectively to 5 volts of power Vcc or is connected to ground by an electric capacity after being divided into two-way, the 21st pin is connected to the TXL lead-in wire, the 22nd pin is connected to the TXK lead-in wire, the 23rd pin is connected to the CANRX lead-in wire, the 24th pin is connected to the CANTX lead-in wire, the 25th pin is connected to the ALDLOUT lead-in wire, the 26th pin is connected to the ALDLIN lead-in wire, the 27th pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by a resistance and a light emitting diode in turn, and the 28th pin is connected to 5 volts of power Vcc by a resistance and a light emitting diode in turn.
7. one kind is utilized the multi-protocol data transducer that is used for automobile failure diagnosis as claimed in claim 1 to carry out vehicle protocol search and its diagnosis processing method automatically, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Start the vehicle protocol automatic search module in the microcontroller when (1) powering on, thereby carry out the employed communication protocol of search vehicle, and registration of vehicle protocol number DP_N, as follows with described DP_N value corresponding protocols relation:
DP_N=0, the agreement that this vehicle uses is the unsupported communication protocol of converter;
DP_N=1, the SAE J1850 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=2, the ISO9141 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=3, the ISO14230 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=4, the ISO15765 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=5, the SAE J1939 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=6, the ALDL communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
DP_N=7, the KW1281 communication protocol that the agreement that this vehicle uses is supported as converter;
(2) if the vehicle protocol DP_N=0 of record, VD2 and two light emitting diodes of VD3 of being connected with microcontroller of flicker simultaneously then are to warn the operator;
(3), then enter RS232 sqignal conditioning circuit and wait for the state that receives diagnostic instruction if the vehicle protocol DP_N of record is not 0; When RS232 sqignal conditioning circuit received instruction or data, whether first decision instruction or data met ISO14229, ISO15031-5 or the SAEJ1979 standard of vehicle connecting interface; If do not meet one of them of above-mentioned ISO14229, ISO15031-5 or SAEJ1979 standard, then feedback " request instruction is lack of standardization " information is carried out diagnostic process otherwise call the corresponding protocol diagnostic module according to the DP_N value, and one of following two kinds of situations are arranged;
(3-1) as if DP_N=1, DP_N=2, DP_N=3, DP_N=6 or DP_N=7, the diagnostic process submodule that then is embedded in the SAE J1850/ISO9141/ISO14230/KW1281/ALDL agreement in the controller carries out following diagnostic process according to the open interconnected pattern of OSI:
At first, receive the instruction of the application layer data UP_D form that meets ISO14229, ISO 15031-5 or SAE J1979 standard;
Then, the UP_D format order that receives is changed into the data that meet corresponding diagnosing protocol link layer data LP_D form and send to vehicle OBD system;
After sending instruction, wait for the data that receive vehicle ECU response; Whenever be converted into the UP_D form after receiving the data of LP_D form of a response, and send response data by RS232;
When the stand-by period overflows, then withdraw from above-mentioned diagnostic process process;
(3-2) as if DP_N=4 or DP_N=5, the diagnostic process submodule that then is embedded in the ISO 15765/SAE J1939 agreement in the controller carries out following diagnostic process according to the open interconnected pattern of OSI:
At first, receive the instruction of the application layer data UP_D form that meets ISO14229, ISO 15031-5 or SAE J1979 standard;
Then, the UP_D format order that receives is changed into the data that meet corresponding diagnosing protocol link layer data LP_D form and send to vehicle OBD system;
After sending instruction, wait for the data that receive vehicle ECU response; If the response data of single frames then directly is converted into the UP_D form with the LP_D formatted data that responds, and sends response data by RS232; If the multiframe response data stores after then earlier its multiframe response data being put in order according to ID, wait to wait until after whole message receives end again the LP_D formatted data that responds to be converted into the UP_D form, and send response data by RS232;
When the stand-by period overflows, withdraw from above-mentioned diagnostic process process.
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN104731082A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-24 | 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 | Interface conversion device and on-board diagnosis system |
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