CN100495463C - Automatic meter reading system based on ZigBee technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an automatic meter reading system based on ZigBee wireless communication technology, wherein, the automatic meter reading system comprises a data collector, a repeater, a concentrator, a handheld device and other communication devices, and the communication devices are all provided with ZigBee communication modules. The present invention can provide real-time, high-speed and reliable data communication service, accomplishes the functions such as data freezing, node management, debugging diagnosis and so on, and realizes the networking automatic data reading of electric meters, water meters, gas meters and heat meters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic control system, relate in particular to a kind of Automatic meter reading system of wireless water, electricity, gas table.
Background technology
Existing water, electricity, gas, hotlist charge, charge, the craft that mostly adopt the to disperse charge of checking meter, charge, need great amount of manpower and time, and inefficiency, labour intensity is big, the phenomenon that the water, electricity, gas expense is in arrears with by some entity and individual is serious, has influenced the economic interests of water, electricity, gas companies.At present, also occurred by buying IC-card, IC-card is supplemented with money the mode of buying the electricity charge, yet the automaticity of this mode is low, and the water, electricity, gas table data that can not use the user are in real time collected, statistics and unified management.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention can provide in real time, at a high speed, data communication services reliably, realize that the networking of ammeter, water meter, gas meter, hotlist data is copied and accepted automatically.
Therefore, one aspect of the present invention, a kind of Automatic meter reading system based on the ZigBee wireless communication technology is provided, this system comprises at least one measuring instrument, at least one data acquisition unit and a concentrator, wherein data acquisition unit connects and manages at least one measuring instrument, data acquisition unit has the ZigBee wireless communication module, it sends the continuous data of the measuring instrument that collects to concentrator by described ZigBee wireless communication module, concentrator has ZigBee wireless communication module and telecommunication unit, concentrator receives described continuous data by its ZigBee wireless communication module, and by the telecommunication unit described instrumented data is sent out, wherein said ZigBee wireless communication module is the communication unit that meets the ZigBee wireless communication standard.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of handheld device, and it possesses locomotive function, can add or leave described ZigBee automatic data logging network at any time, not limited by physical location; This handset data is copied and accepted function: can visit other data acquisition units in certain physical extent or the data in the concentrator, show, store and manage these data, and provide suitable interface with these data upload to the upper layer data management software; Network test function: the wireless signal strength of handheld device geographic location or the information of the interior ZigBee communication facilities quantity of communication radius can be provided.
Above-mentioned Automatic meter reading system can realize that not only ammeter, water meter, gas meter, the integrated of hotlist copy and accept, and compares traditional wired meter reading method, has the installation and maintenance of being convenient to, and applying flexible possesses very advantage such as strong extended capability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is ZigBee Automatic meter reading system structural representation of the present invention (each parts among Fig. 1 need add Reference numeral).
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of collector of the present invention, and the connected mode synoptic diagram of the ammeter in collector and the measuring instrument.
Fig. 3 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of concentrator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of handheld device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of repeater of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the connected mode synoptic diagram between water meter, gas meter, hotlist and the ZigBee wireless communication module in the measuring instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is ammeter in the measuring instrument of the present invention and the connected mode synoptic diagram between the zigBee wireless communication module.
Fig. 8 is the relay function synoptic diagram of repeater.
Embodiment
Be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the system architecture and the operating procedure of accompanying drawing the Automatic meter reading system based on the zigBee wireless communication technology of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Automatic meter reading system based on the ZigBee wireless communication technology of the present invention comprises a plurality of measuring instruments (1), a plurality of data acquisition units (2), a plurality of repeaters (3), a concentrator (4) and with computing machine (5) that links to each other with concentrator by telecommunication unit (9) and database (6), wherein each data acquisition unit (2) connects and manages a plurality of measuring instruments (1), data acquisition unit (2) has ZigBee wireless communication module (8), its continuous data by the described measuring instrument (1) that described ZigBee wireless communication module (8) will collect sends described concentrator (4) to, concentrator (4) has ZigBee wireless communication module (8) and telecommunication unit (9), concentrator (4) receives continuous data by its ZigBee wireless communication module (8), and send described instrumented data to computing machine (5) and database (6) by telecommunication unit (9), operation has the upper layer data management software on the computing machine, for the user provides the interface of the data access in the automatic data logging network, can visit data in all measurement instruments in the ZigBee automatic data logging network by concentrator, and data are saved in the database, for the user provides data query, analyze, services such as report generation.ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is connected with handheld device (7) by the SPI mode, and the rechargeable battery inner from handheld device (7) obtains the power supply supply, because handheld device only needs continuous firing several hours to charge again, therefore the ZigBee wireless communication module (8) that links to each other with handheld device does not need dormancy, is the complete function node (FFD) that possesses routing capabilities.Handheld device (7) is not connected with any measuring instrument.
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view of collector of the present invention, and the connected mode synoptic diagram of the ammeter in collector and the measuring instrument.As seen from the figure, collector inside mainly comprises central processing unit CPU, power module, data storage cell, RS485 level conversion unit.Wherein CPU controls the behavior of whole collector; Power module can be inner direct current 5V power supply with external communication 220V power source conversion, uses for inner all parts of collector and the ZigBee wireless communication module (not sleep block FFD) that is attached thereto; Between data storage cell and the CPU with I
2The C mode connects, and is used to deposit freezing data, and after the collector power down, the data of being stored can not lost; Be connected in serial (USART) mode between RS485 level conversion unit and the CPU, Transistor-Transistor Logic level can be converted to the RS485 level, or carry out inverse transformation.Ammeter in the measuring instrument (ammeter) can be supported the RS485 communication mode, so collector can connect ammeter in a plurality of measuring instruments by the RS485 bus, realizes exchanges data with these ammeters.The ZigBee wireless communication module is connected with collector by the SPI mode, and obtain lasting, stable power supply from the power module of collector inside, therefore the ZigBee wireless communication module that links to each other with collector does not need dormancy, is the complete function node (FFD) that possesses routing capabilities.
Fig. 3 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of concentrator of the present invention.As seen from the figure, concentrator inside mainly comprises central processing unit CPU, power module, data storage cell, telecommunication unit (GPRS/CDMA/PSTN etc.), ZigBee wireless communication module (telegon Coordinator).Wherein CPU controls the behavior of whole concentrator; Power module can be inner direct current 5V power supply with external communication 220V power source conversion, uses for inner all parts of concentrator; Between data storage cell and the CPU with I
2The C mode connects, and is used to deposit freezing data, and after the concentrator power down, the data of being stored can not lost; Be connected in serial (USART) mode between telecommunication unit and the CPU, can realize the exchanges data between concentrator and the upper layer data management software; The ZigBee wireless communication module is connected with concentrator by the SPI mode, and is responsible for developing and managing the ZigBee network, is telegon (Coordinator).Concentrator is not connected with any measuring instrument.
Fig. 4 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of handheld device of the present invention.As seen from the figure, handheld device (7) inside mainly comprises central processing unit CPU, rechargeable battery, data storage cell, LCD display unit, keyboard input block, other communications interface units (USB, Ethernet etc.).Wherein CPU controls the behavior of whole handheld device; Rechargeable battery is that inner all parts of handheld device and the ZigBee wireless communication module (not sleep block FFD) that is attached thereto provide power supply; Between data storage cell and the CPU with I
2The C mode connects, and is used to deposit freezing data, and after the handheld device power down, the data of being stored can not lost; The LCD display unit is used for the display command execution result; The keyboard input block is used for to the handheld device input command; The data high-speed that other communications interface units are used for handheld device is stored, colleges and universities are transferred to the upper layer data management software.The ZigBee wireless communication module is connected with handheld device by the SPI mode, and obtain the power supply supply from the rechargeable battery of handheld device inside, because handheld device only needs continuous firing several hours to charge again, therefore the ZigBee wireless communication module that links to each other with handheld device does not need dormancy, is the complete function node (FFD) that possesses routing capabilities.Handheld device is not connected with any measuring instrument.
Fig. 5 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of repeater of the present invention.Fig. 8 is the relay function synoptic diagram of repeater.As seen from the figure, repeater inside mainly comprises central processing unit CPU, power module, data storage cell.Wherein CPU controls the behavior of whole handheld device; Power module can be inner direct current 5V power supply with external communication 220V power source conversion, uses for inner all parts of repeater and the ZigBee wireless communication module (not sleep block FFD) that is attached thereto; Be connected in the I2C mode between data storage cell and the CPU, be used to deposit freezing data, and after the repeater power down, the data of being stored can not lost.The ZigBee wireless communication module is connected with repeater by the SPI mode, and obtain lasting, stable power supply from the power module of repeater inside, therefore the ZigBee wireless communication module that links to each other with repeater does not need dormancy, is the complete function node (FFD) that possesses routing capabilities.Repeater is not connected with any measuring instrument.
Fig. 6 is the connected mode synoptic diagram between water meter, gas meter, hotlist and the ZigBee wireless communication module in the measuring instrument of the present invention.As seen from the figure, water meter, gas meter, hotlist are battery-powered, and its inside comprises metering mechanism and metering display unit.The metering mechanism of generally speaking above-mentioned three kinds of instrument is mechanical hook-ups, does not need the power supply supply; What the metering display unit had does not need power supply supply (for example mechanical gear demonstration), and what have needs power supply supply (for example liquid crystal display).The ZigBee wireless communication module can pass through the metering mechanism of analog/digital conversion (A/D) from above-mentioned three kinds of measuring instruments and obtain variable, and obtain the power supply supply from the battery of above-mentioned three kinds of measuring instrument inside, because above-mentioned three kinds of measuring instruments need rely on the battery continuous firing long period (several years), therefore the continuous ZigBee wireless communication module of above-mentioned three kinds of measuring instruments needs long-time dormancy, is the simple functions node (RFD) that does not possess routing capabilities.
Fig. 7 is ammeter in the measuring instrument of the present invention and the connected mode synoptic diagram between the ZigBee wireless communication module.As seen from the figure, ammeter can obtain the stable power supply by the external communication electricity, finishes a series of tasks such as metering of electric flux.ZigBee wireless communication module (not sleep block FFD) is connected with ammeter in the measuring instrument by serial line interface (USART), and from above-mentioned ammeter, obtain lasting, stable power supply, therefore the ZigBee wireless communication module that links to each other with ammeter in the measuring instrument does not need dormancy, is the complete function node (FFD) that possesses routing capabilities.
According to above-mentioned accompanying drawing, Automatic meter reading system proposed by the invention comprises following operating procedure:
1. statement concentrator
Concentrator is as the telegon (Coordinator) of ZigBee network, it logically is the center of whole automatic data logging network, but telegon is after the foundation of finishing the ZigBee network and initial work, each FFD node in it and the network (comprises not dormancy communication module, data acquisition unit, repeater) be reciprocity in network layer, each FFD can become concentrator in theory.Therefore, telegon at first needs the own logic status as concentrator of other each FFD node statements in the automatic data logging network, so that other each FFD assemble the data of being freezed separately to oneself after setting up the ZigBee network.Detailed process is:
According to certain time interval, concentrator sends advertisement (Advertisement) frame with form all FFD nodes in ZigBee automatic data logging network of broadcasting, includes the address of concentrator in this advertisement frames, information such as Network Synchronization time.Receive each FFD node of this advertisement frames, can obtain the important information of following three aspects: the 1) address of concentrator, i.e. freezing data aggregate address in the Automatic meter reading system, all freezing data all will be assembled this address; 2) lead to the routing iinformation of concentrator, the data of each FFD node can quickness and high efficiency in view of the above sends to concentrator; 3) lock in time of network, each FFD node time all is consistent with concentrator to greatest extent in view of the above.
Receive each FFD node of advertisement frames, need return an acknowledgement frame, this address of node of bag, the neighbor table (Neighbor Table) of this node, the information such as ammeter state that connected in this acknowledgement frame to concentrator.Concentrator is added up and is put in order all acknowledgement frames, just can obtain the information such as scale, structure, state of whole automatic data logging network, thus effective supervising the network.
Because ZigBee automatic data logging network possesses good extensibility, can there be new node to add in the network, the node that perhaps has is because certain reason deviated from network, add network then again, therefore concentrator need repeat to state concentrator (promptly repeating to send advertisement frames) according to certain time interval, the node of so new adding network can in time obtain information such as concentrator address, guarantees the correct convergence of freezing data.On the other hand, concentrator also can periodically constantly obtain the real-time information of each node from corresponding acknowledgement frame, guarantee the true(-)running of network.
2. each collector the is set ammeter number that is connected, electric table number
Collector connects a plurality of ammeters by the RS485 bus, with regard to present communication protocol that ammeter is supported, collector can't obtain its ammeter number that connects, electric table number information such as (being the ammeter sign) automatically, therefore, for each ammeter that is connected with it that collector can be correct is communicated by letter, the upper layer data management software need be provided with the above-mentioned information of each collector in the ZigBee automatic data logging network by concentrator.Opposite, because repeater is not connected with any instrument, therefore above-mentioned information needn't be set; And not dormancy communication module only is connected with an instrument, can follow the communication protocol that ammeter supports and obtain above-mentioned information.
Detailed process is: the upper layer data management software will be provided with the concentrator that order sends to ZigBee automatic data logging network by telecommunication means (for example GPRS, PSTN etc.), with the form of broadcasting order will be set by concentrator again and be forwarded to each collector.Each collector is stored in non-volatile memory medium (E for example with these information
2PROM, FLASH etc.) in, even collector loses the power supply supply for some reason like this, after restoring electricity again, these information can not lost yet, thereby needn't reset.
Because concentrator does not also know that the routing iinformation of each collector is (opposite to sending advertisement frames, each collector is the routing iinformation that can obtain concentrator), so concentrator adopts the form of broadcasting to transmit to collector order to be set to reduce the network service burden.Therefore, each collector receive order is set after, whether need the destination address of order be set in judgement identical with the address of oneself.If identical, illustrate that order is set issues oneself, the preservation configuration information is also returned one to concentrator and is replied; If inequality, then explanation is provided with order and does not issue oneself, need continue broadcast the received order that is provided with to other nodes, and each FFD node all receives this and is provided with till the order in network.
3. the Data Identification that each collector, not dormancy communication module need freeze is set
The electronic electric energy meter of Shi Yonging is the metering outfit of more complicated now, can measure and safeguard a series of measurements data (comprising timesharing, ladder electric weight, maximum demand etc.).For these data of correct visit, the communication protocol that electric energy meter is observed is that each data of electric energy meter inside have all defined a data sign.Data Identification is the code name of data in the ammeter, and each item number in the ammeter is according to corresponding data signs all, determines an item number certificate and each Data Identification can be unique.All comprised Data Identification in the order of checking meter that sends to ammeter, it is that ammeter just can identify what will visit by Data Identification for which item number certificate.
Because collector connected a plurality of ammeters, so collector needs to transmit the order of checking meter to each ammeter of its connection successively after receiving the order of checking meter from concentrator, and the data that ammeter is returned are returned concentrator one by one then.Because the communication speed very slow (1200～9600 baud rate) supported of ammeter, this process will cause bigger time-delay, especially when ammeter that collector connected more for a long time, the time-delay that is produced will be difficult to tolerance, real-time is very poor.On the other hand, each collector returns to concentrator one by one and copies and accepts data not only communication efficiency is low, and frequent radio communication can cause wireless network to stop up, and influences the ZigBee stability of network.
Under normal operating position, do not need to copy and accept all data item in the ammeter, generally only copy and accept a few item numbers specific in each ammeter according to just satisfying the charging needs.Consider above-mentioned situation, can in the ZigBee Automatic meter reading system, use the data-frozen technology to improve the real-time of checking meter, improve the communication efficiency of ZigBee network simultaneously.Data-frozen is meant that collector periodically copies and accepts particular data and identify pairing data from each ammeter that connects, and these data are preserved with suitable form together with copying and accepting the time.These data and copy and accept the time and formed frozen data together.Like this, collector is after receiving the order of checking meter, if the Data Identification that is comprised in the order of checking meter is frozen, does not then need to transmit the order of checking meter to ammeter, can directly corresponding with it freezing data be sent to concentrator according to specific form.
In order to make effectively freezing data of each collector, need the Data Identification that each collector need freeze be set by concentrator.After being set up the Data Identification that need freeze, collector will freeze the pairing data of these Data Identifications.According to the data storage capacities that collector possessed, multinomial Data Identification can be set.Generally speaking, in same automatic data logging network, the Data Identification that needs in all collectors to freeze all is identical, so concentrator can adopt the mode of broadcasting to be provided with to need in all collectors the Data Identification that freezes.
For not dormancy communication module,, therefore transmit the order of checking meter and also can not produce bigger time-delay, not freezing data to ammeter owing to only connected an ammeter.But for the data sync that guarantees whole ZigBee automatic data logging network internal be convenient to data management, not dormancy communication module is carried out data-frozen to the ammeter that it connected, and the Data Identification of taking method be provided with identical with concentrator to freeze.
4. the data of water, gas, hotlist are copied and accepted mode
The ZigBee wireless communication module that is connected with water, gas, hotlist is a sleep block, uses powered battery, must be in dormant state for a long time to save power consumption, and the time that is in active state is very of short duration.In this case, these sleep block are difficult to have an opportunity in of short duration wakeup time, by chance receive from the order and in time making of checking meter of concentrator to reply.
In order to address this problem, the ZigBee that is connected with water, gas, the hotlist communication module of checking meter is taked following working method: 1) the ZigBee communication module is in dormant state for a long time, except doze output still timing, do not carry out any operation, to reduce power consumption to greatest extent; 2) the doze output time arrives, and communication module is waken up, and metering mechanism from measuring instrument obtains current continuous data, sends to repeater together wirelessly with the current time, continues dormancy then.
Repeater has lasting power supply supply and does not need dormancy, and therefore sleep block withdraws from dormant state at any time, can at once data be sent to repeater, thereby return dormant state as early as possible, shortens the activity time to greatest extent, saves power consumption.Whenever like this, the data in water, gas, the hotlist just are frozen on the repeater, and repeater receives after the order of checking meter from concentrator, and the data of being freezed can be returned to concentrator.
5. all freezing data in the network are copied and accepted in the concentrator unification
The order of checking meter that the upper layer data management software is sent is forwarded to each node in the network by concentrator.Concentrator is after the upper layer data management software receives the order of checking meter, just centralized automatic meter-reading order of all node broadcasts in ZigBee automatic data logging network, require all nodes that possess the freezing data ability according to certain form, the data of returning separately to be freezed.Concentrator is put all freezing data of returning in order, and passes these freezing data unifications back the upper layer data management software.
Concentrator can not receive under the situation of the order of checking meter from the upper layer data management software yet, initiatively order of checking meter of all node broadcasts in network, and store the freezing data that all nodes return, finish the secondary of data on concentrator and freeze.Like this, concentrator after receiving the order of checking meter from the upper layer data management software, just can be at once with in advance the data freezed of secondary return to the upper layer data management software, thereby shorten the response time.
Each node need carry out the time-delay of one section random-length earlier before returning freezing data to concentrator, purpose is to avoid all nodes to return freezing data at synchronization to concentrator, thereby caused the communication of zigBee automatic data logging network to stop up.Can select the random-length of time-delay according to suitable method, make each node take different time-delay length as far as possible, to avoid taking place communication contention aware to greatest extent.
6. the concentrator point freezing data of copying the minority node
Concentrator is checked meter after order copies and accepts the freezing data of each node in broadcasting, has the minority node for some reason, returns its freezing data in official hour.In this case, concentrator will send point to these minority nodes that does not return freezing data copy order, and copy at point and to have comprised these minority addresss of node in the order.Owing to do not have the routing iinformation of these nodes in the concentrator, in order to reduce network burden, concentrator adopts the mode of broadcasting to send and a little copies order, and promptly all nodes all will receive this point and copy order, comprise that those have correctly returned the node of freezing data.Therefore, each node receive a little copy order after, need to judge whether this address of node appears in the address of a little copying in the order to be comprised, and judges that promptly whether concentrator is in a freezing data of transcript node.Copying order as fruit dot is not at this node, then ignores this point and copies order and do not return any data, to reduce unnecessary repeated communications burden; Copying as fruit dot is at this node, then according to stored in the step 1 lead to the concentrator road by information, return freezing data to concentrator.
If concentrator is copied the certain number of times of certain node (this time numerical value can artificially be provided with) afterwards at point, still do not receive the freezing data of returning from this node, then concentrator thinks that fault has appearred in this node, thereby do not reattempt to its transmission point and copy order, and return a warning message to the upper layer data management software, so that fault can access timely processing.
The mode of taking a little to copy is copied and accepted the freezing data of minority node, has only the node of being copied by point just to return freezing data to concentrator, thereby has alleviated the communications burden of ZigBee automatic data logging network to a great extent.
7. send special or real-time order to indivedual ammeters
In ZigBee automatic data logging network, may comprise polytype ammeter.Although the communication protocol that these ammeters are supported is identical haply, the ammeter of some type may possess special function (for example ripple electric weight function etc. is assisted in metering), needs special order just can read these special datas.On the other hand, the ZigBee Automatic meter reading system needs to send real-time command (for example sending long-range drawing lock order etc.) to some ammeters sometimes, and require ammeter real-time make response, finish corresponding control or debug function.In this case, only copy and accept freezing data and obviously can not satisfy ZigBee Automatic meter reading system application requirements.
For the communication protocol of compatible all types ammeter, satisfy the requirement of real-time simultaneously, concentrator can be transmitted special or real-time order to indivedual ammeters.The essence of transmitting operation is with the nested ammeter communication protocol of ZigBee communication protocol, that is: concentrator is the special or real-time command at ammeter that receives from the upper layer data management software, do not make any modification,, directly send to other nodes as the data payload of ZigBee communication data packet.Receive the node of this forward command, data payload in the ZigBee the communication data packet special or real-time command of ammeter (promptly at) is left intact, directly be forwarded in the coupled ammeter, ammeter can or be made correct response according to received order return data.Equally, for the data that ammeter returned, each node also is left intact, and these return datas are used as data payload in the zigBee communication data packet, directly is transmitted to concentrator, and returns to the upper layer data management software by concentrator.
Adopt such order pass-through mode, can guarantee dirigibility, extensibility and the compatibility of ZigBee Automatic meter reading system to greatest extent, the function that sends special or real-time order to ammeter also is provided simultaneously.Certainly, also there is following shortcoming in this order pass-through mode: 1) communication efficiency is lower; 2) order of transmitting is not made a decision, if therefore the order of being transmitted is wrong, then not only wasted the communication resource, and ammeter can not made correct response yet, that is to say, the upper layer data management software must provide complete, correct ammeter order, after transmitting, just can obtain desired result.Consider that in Automatic meter reading system the situation that need to send this special or real-time order is less,, can't cause big influence the communication of ZigBee automatic data logging network although therefore there is certain problem in this order pass-through mode.
8. handheld device is copied and accepted freezing data
As a kind of auxiliary means of copying and accepting, handheld device is the readable freezing data also, and possesses human-computer interaction interfaces such as keyboard and display screen, can import the execution result of check meter order and display command.Different with disposable all freezing data of copying and accepting in the whole network of concentrator, the freezing data of each node in handheld device is is generally only copied and accepted among a small circle.This is because handheld device is movably, the freezing data in all nodes that are distributed within the vast geographic range can be copied and accepted several times among a small circle.
Identical with concentrator, handheld device is also by copying and accepting freezing data in these nodes to order of checking meter of other node broadcasts, but the radius of broadcasting is much smaller, thus this order of checking meter only be installed in around the handheld device among a small circle in node receive.The broadcasting radius is meant the number of times that broadcast data frame is transmitted by other nodes.If hop count is not limit, then broadcast data frame will infinitely be transmitted in network, till each node all receives once this broadcast data frame at least in network (broadcasting that concentrator sends is exactly this type).
Node is after receiving the order of checking meter that is sent by handheld device, can't distinguish this order is from handheld device or from concentrator, but still according to the described method of step 5, after certain random delay, return freezing data to handheld device, and store all these data according to certain form by handheld device.In copying and accepting certain zone that finishes after the freezing data of all nodes, handheld device can move to next zone, the freezing data in this zone is copied and accepted in the transmission order of checking meter among a small circle once more, so repeatedly, and all freezing data in copying and accepting the whole network that finishes.Then, handheld device can upload to the freezing data of being stored the upper layer data management software.Handheld device also can provide simple data query function by human-computer interaction interfaces such as keyboard and display screens, and whether data for confirmation are copied and accepted correct, complete.
9. use handheld device to install and debugging automatic data logging network
Handheld device is as a kind of portable set, except possessing the described auxiliary meter-reading function of step 8, the important use that also possesses following two aspects: 1) instruct to install: during each node in the ZigBee Automatic meter reading system is installed, because the ZigBee wireless communication signals can be subjected to stopping of surrounding environment, shielding, disturb etc., signal intensity and communication quality can be affected, utilize handheld device, can detect at ad-hoc location, the affected degree of wireless signal, thereby can select the installation site of each node in view of the above or take adequate measures (for example extended antenna or increase emissive power etc.), guarantee that each node can both communicate by letter reliably; 2) assist in debugging: when some node in the ZigBee Automatic meter reading system breaks down or during problem, utilize handheld device to send specific diagnostic command to the equipment that breaks down, by of the response of these faulty equipments to diagnostic command, just can judge the place of fault and problem very easily, help the rapid solution of problem.
Claims (25)
1. Automatic meter reading system, comprise at least one measuring instrument (1), at least one data acquisition unit (2) and a concentrator (4), it is characterized in that: described data acquisition unit (2) connects and manages at least one described measuring instrument (1), described data acquisition unit (2) has ZigBee wireless communication module (8), its continuous data by the described measuring instrument (1) that described ZigBee wireless communication module (8) will collect sends described concentrator (4) to, described concentrator (4) has ZigBee wireless communication module (8) and telecommunication unit (9), described concentrator (4) receives described continuous data by its ZigBee wireless communication module (8), and described continuous data is sent to the upper layer data management software by telecommunication unit (9), wherein said ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is the communication unit that meets the ZigBee wireless communication standard, and the data acquisition unit (2) and the concentrator (4) that have comprised ZigBee wireless communication module (8) constitute ZigBee automatic data logging network with described measuring instrument (1).
2. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described measuring instrument (1) can be ammeter, water meter, gas meter or hotlist.
3. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is divided into sleep block and non-sleep block, described sleep block is meant and is to use powered battery, prolongs battery working time thereby must reduce power consumption by long-time dormancy; Described not sleep block is meant by stable power power supply, sustainable work and do not need dormancy.
4. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: when described measuring instrument (1) when being ammeter, coupled described ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is a sleep block not, it finishes following function: protocol conversion function, the communication protocol that ZigBee communication protocol is changeed and ammeter is supported is changed mutually, thereby realized ammeter and extraneous message exchange; Ammeter data freezes and data management function, regularly sends the order of checking meter to ammeter, obtains the continuous data in the ammeter, and these data are managed.
5. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: when described measuring instrument (1) is water meter, gas meter or hotlist, coupled described ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is a sleep block, it finishes following function: obtain the continuous data function, can obtain the continuous data to above-mentioned physical quantity from the water the described measuring instrument (1), gas or hot metering mechanism; Sleep mode, dormancy for a long time only wakes the of short duration time up and finishes radio communication; The data sending function can be in the blink that is waken up, and the continuous data that will obtain from the water the measuring instrument (1), gas or hot metering mechanism sends to repeater (3) wirelessly and freezed.
6. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described collector (2) with ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is the complete function node FFD that possesses routing function.
7. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described collector (2) can connect and manages ammeter in a plurality of described measuring instruments (1) by the RS485 bus, for the ammeter in a plurality of measuring instruments (1) that connected is set up wireless data communication channel.
8. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described collector (2) possesses following function: the ammeter data in the measuring instrument (1) freezes and data management function, by the RS485 bus, the communication protocol of supporting according to ammeter, ammeter in measuring instrument (1) sends the order of checking meter, obtain continuous data wherein, and these data are carried out suitable processing, store and manage these data; Protocol conversion function can be changed the communication protocol that the ammeter in ZigBee communication protocol and the measuring instrument (1) is supported mutually, thereby realizes ammeter and extraneous message exchange in the measuring instrument (1).
9. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the data acquisition unit that possesses ZigBee wireless communication module (8) that ammeter described and in the measuring instrument (1) is connected is the complete function node that possesses routing capabilities.
10. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described concentrator (4) with ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is to possess the complete function node of setting up network function, i.e. telegon.
11. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that: described concentrator (4) can described ZigBee automatic data logging network of initialization, and as the gateway of described ZigBee automatic data logging network, with extraneous swap data.
12. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that: described concentrator (4) possesses following function: the network data freezing function, can obtain the data of all measuring instruments in the whole ZigBee automatic data logging network, and possess enough storage resources and computational resource, can store data with the described measuring instrument of management maintenance; Gateway function, described concentrator provides two-way interface for external world's visit ZigBee automatic data logging network internal, the data transfer that it can be freezed by this interface arrives outside the ZigBee automatic data logging network, also can outside ZigBee automatic data logging network, receive order, carry out specific operation and return corresponding results.
13. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described dormancy is meant that equipment enters the duty of super low-power consumption to extend the life of a cell, under this duty, equipment is not carried out any operation and data processing, does not respond any incident except wake events.
14. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Automatic meter reading system also comprises at least one repeater (3), described repeater (3) is installed in certain location, the ZigBee wireless communication module (8) that comprises by its inside is realized the relaying and the forwarding of wireless signal, and can freeze and manage the continuous data in water meter in the described measuring instrument that described sleep block sends, gas meter, the hotlist.
15. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that: the described repeater (3) with ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is the complete function node FFD that possesses routing function.
16. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Automatic meter reading system also comprises the computing machine (5) that links to each other by telecommunication unit (9) with described concentrator (4), and the database that is used to preserve described continuous data (6) that links to each other with described computing machine (5).
17. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: described computing machine (5) has the upper layer data management software, is used to the user that the access interface of described continuous data is provided.
18. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: this Automatic meter reading system also comprises handheld device (7), it possesses ZigBee wireless communication module (8), obtains described measuring instrument (1) continuous data in certain physical extent by wireless mode.
19. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that: described handheld device (7) possesses: locomotive function, can add or leave described ZigBee automatic data logging network at any time, and not limited by physical location; Data are copied and accepted function: can visit other data acquisition units (2) in certain physical extent or repeater (3) or concentrator (4) or the freezing data in the sleep block not, show, store and manage described freezing data, and provide suitable interface that these data upload are arrived the upper layer data management software; Network test function: the wireless signal strength of described handheld device (7) geographic location or the information of the interior ZigBee communication facilities quantity of its communication radius can be provided.
20. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that: the described handheld device (7) with ZigBee wireless communication module (8) is the complete function node FFD that possesses routing function.
21. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that: described wake events is meant the incident that device responds is specific, return to the process of normal operating condition from dormant state, after being waken up, the state that equipment comes back to before the dormancy continues operation, can normally receive, transmission or deal with data, and the data of device interior can't lose because of dormancy or change.
22. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that: described data-frozen is meant data acquisition unit, repeater or the concentrator that possesses not dormancy communication module, periodically obtain continuous data, and these data were preserved as freezing data together with the time that data obtain from described measuring instrument (1).
23. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that: described upper layer data management software is meant the application software based on the PC computer platform, for the user provides the interface of the data access in the automatic data logging network, can visit continuous data in all measurement instruments in the ZigBee automatic data logging network by concentrator, and data are saved in the database (6), the service of data query, analysis or report generation is provided for the user.
24. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: described telecommunication unit (9) is meant the equipment or the means that can realize remote data communication, comprises GPRS, CDMA, PSTN.
25. Automatic meter reading system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described continuous data is meant the series of values that can describe the measurand feature and the unit corresponding with these data.
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Effective date of registration: 20091218 Address after: No. 18 West Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Xihu District Patentee after: Zhejiang Huatong Information Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: No. 18 West Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Xihu District Patentee before: Holley Metering Ltd. |
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Assignee: Holley Metering Ltd. Assignor: Zhejiang Huatong Information Technology Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2011330000321 Denomination of invention: Automatic meter reading system based on ZigBee technology Granted publication date: 20090603 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20080402 Record date: 20110422 |
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Owner name: HUALI INSTRUMENT GROUP CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHEJIANG HORNETONE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LTD. Effective date: 20110815 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 310012 HANGZHOU, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE TO: 310023 HANGZHOU, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE |
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Effective date of registration: 20110815 Address after: HOLLEY Technology Park No. 181 310023 Hangzhou city Zhejiang District of Yuhang province Wuchang Avenue Patentee after: Holley Metering Ltd. Address before: 310012 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Xihu District Province West Road No. 18 Patentee before: Zhejiang Huatong Information Technology Co., Ltd. |
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Address after: HOLLEY Technology Park No. 181 310023 Hangzhou city Zhejiang District of Yuhang province Wuchang Avenue Patentee after: HOLLEY METERING LIMITED Address before: HOLLEY Technology Park No. 181 310023 Hangzhou city Zhejiang District of Yuhang province Wuchang Avenue Patentee before: Holley Metering Ltd. |
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