ZA200509947B - New azetidine compounds - Google Patents

Description

NEW AZETIDINE COMPOUNDS

Field of the Invention s The present invention relates to new compounds of formula I, to pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds and to the use of said compounds in therapy. The present invention further relates to processes for the preparation of compounds of formula

I and to new intermediates used in the preparation thereof.

Background of the invention.

The neurokinins, also known as the tachykinins, comprise a class of peptide neurotransmitters which are found in the peripheral and central nervous systems. The three 1s principal tachykinins are Substance P (SP), Neurokinin A (NKA) and Neurokinin B (NKB). At least three receptor types are known for the three principal tachykinins. Based upon their relative selectivities favouring the agonists SP, NKA and NKB, the receptors are classified as neurokinin 1 (NK), neurokinin 2 (NK) and neurokinin 3 (NKs) receptors, respectively.

There is a need for an orally active and blood brain barrier crossing dual NKi/NK; receptor antagonist for the treatment of e.g. respiratory, cardiovascular, neuro, pain, oncology, inflammatory and/or gastrointestinal disorders. In order to increase the therapeutic index of such therapy it is desirable to obtain such a compound possessing no or minimal toxicity as ,s well as being selective to said NK receptors. Furthermore, it is considered necessary that said medicament has favourable pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties thus providing an improved therapeutic and safety profile such as lower liver enzyme inhibiting properties. so It is well known that severe problems such as toxicity may occur if plasma levels of one medication are altered by the co-administration of another drug. This phenomenon - which is named drug-drug interactions — could happen if there is a change in the metabolism of one drug caused by the co-administration of another substance possessing liver enzyme inhibiting properties. CYP (cytochrome P450) 3A4 is the most important enzyme in the human liver as a majority of oxidised drugs have been biotransformed by this enzyme. s Accordingly, it is undesirable to employ a medication having a significant degree of such liver enzyme inhibiting properties. It has now been found that many NK receptor antagonists known in the art inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme to a certain level and consequently there is a possible risk if high doses of those compounds are being used in therapy. Thus, there is a need for a novel dual NK,/NK; receptor antagonist with improved jo pharmacokinetic properties. The present invention provides compounds with CYP3A4 enzyme inhibiting properties at a low level, as comparatively high ICs values are obtained in a CYP3A4 inhibiting assay. Said method for determining CYP3A4 inhibition is described in Bapiro et al; Drug Metab. Dispos. 29, 30-35 (2001). 's EP 0625509, EP 0630887, WO 95/05377, WO 95/12577, WO 95/15961, WO 96/24582,

WO 00/02859, WO 00/20003, WO 00/20389, WO 00/25766, WO 00/34243, WO 02/51807 and WO 03/037889 disclose piperidinylbutylamide derivatives, which are tachykinin antagonists. 0 “4-Amino-2-(aryl)-butylbenzamides and Their Conformationally Constrained Analogues.

Potent Antagonists of the Human Neurokinin-2 (NK3) Receptor”, Roderick MacKenzie A., et al, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, In Press, available online 15 May 2003, discloses the compound N-{2-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- yl)butyl]-N-methylbenzamide which was found to possess functional NK receptor antagonistic properties.

WO 96/05193, WO 97/27185 and EP 0962457 disclose azetidinylalkyllactam derivatives with tachykinin antagonist activity.

EP 0790248 discloses azetidinylalkylazapiperidones and azetidinylalkyloxapiperidones, which are stated to be tachykinin antagonists.

WO 99/01451 and WO 97/25322 disclose azetidinylalkylpiperidine derivatives claimed to s be tachykinin antagonists.

EP 0791592 discloses azetidinylalkylglutarimides with tachykinin antagonistic properties.

An object of the present invention was to provide novel tachykinin antagonists useful in therapy. A further object was to provide novel compounds having blood brain barrier penetrating properties, improved pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties and/or improved selectivity for the NK;/NKj receptors.

Outline of the invention

The present invention provides a compound of the general formula @

Het

Re

N

N Ar

R4

R2 R3

MD wherein

Het is an optionally substituted 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocyclic ring having at least one nitrogen atom;

R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-Cs alkyl, C5-C4 cycloalkyl, Co-Cs4 alkenyl or C2-Cs alkynyl;

R2 and R3 is each and independently selected from hydrogen, C;-Ca alkyl, Cs-C4 cycloalkyl, C2-Cs alkenyl, C>-Cs alkynyl, Ci-C4 alkoxy, halogen and cyano, provided that R2 and R3 may not both be hydrogen;

R4 is C;-C4 alkyl, C3-Cs cycloalkyl, C2-Cs alkenyl or C2-C4 alkynyl;

Ar is an optionally substituted aromatic ring system selected from pyridinyl; 1- naphthyl; 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl; quinolinyl; 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxiny}; 1,3-benzodioxolyl; 5,6,7 ,8-tetrahydroquinolinyl; 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl; 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-yl; 1-benzo[blthiophen-7-y1; 1-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl; 1-benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl; isoquinolinyl; quinazolinyl; and indan-4-y}; or Ar is substituted phenyl; or an enantiomer thereof or any salt thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the heterocyclic ring Het is connected to the rest of the molecule at one of the nitrogen atoms of the ring. Examples of such heterocyclic rings are optionally substituted 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decano; optionally substituted piperidino; optionally substituted azepano; optionally substituted pyrrolidino; optionally substituted morpholino; optionally substituted oxazepano; optionally substituted thiomorpholino; optionally substituted thiazepano; and optionally substituted piperazino.

In further embodiments of the present invention Het is piperidino optionally substituted with hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, oxo, methylthio, methylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl, cyano, 1,3- dioxolan-2-yl, C1-C4 alkoxy, amino optionally mono or disubstituted with C;-Cs4 alkyl, Cs-

C, cycloalkyl, C>-Cy alkenyl, C,-C4 alkynyl, acylamino optionally N-substituted with C;-

C, alkyl, C5-C4 cycloalkyl, C,-C, alkenyl, C,-C4 alkynyl, (C;-C4 alkylsulfonyl)amino optionally N _substituted by C;-Cs alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C>-Cs alkenyl, C,-C4 alkynyl, one or two fluoro atoms or disubstituted by C;-C4 alkyl and hydroxy; pyrrolidino optionally substituted at its three position by fluoro, hydroxy or oxo; morpholino or

_thiomorpholino optionally substituted at its sulfur atom by one or two oxygen; or piperazino optionally substituted at the A-nitrogen atom by C1-C4 alkyl.

Ar may optionally be substituted at one or more of its carbon atoms by one or more groups s independently selected from cyano, halogen, C;-C; alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C>-C4 alkenyl,

C,-C4 alkynyl, C;-C4 alkoxy, nitro, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl,

C,-Cs alkylsulfinyl, C;-Cs alkylsulfonyl, C;-C, alkylthio, trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy, Ci-

C, alkyl sulfonyl or C,-C, acyl. 0 In one embodiment of the present invention, Ar is phenyl substituted by one or more groups independently selected from cyano, halogen, C;-Cs4 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C2-Cs alkenyl, C-C, alkynyl, C,-C, alkoxy, nitro, trifluoromethoxy, difluororethoxy, Ci-Cs alkylsulfinyl, C1-C alkylsulfonyl, Ci-Cq alkylthio, trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy, C;-C, alkyl sulfonyl or C;-C4 acyl.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, Ar is phenyl substituted in its 3- and 5- position by groups independently selected from halogen, C;-C; alkyl, C;-C, alkoxy, cyano and nitro. Optionally, Ar may additionally also be substituted in its 2- and/or 4-position by a group independently selected from halogen, C;-C alkyl and C;-C, alkoxy.

In one embodiment of the present invention, R1 is hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the present invention, R2 and R3 are both chloro or one is fluoro and the other is hydrogen. In a further embodiment of the invention, R2 and R3 are both ,s chloro and attached in the three and four position of the phenyl ring or R2 is fluoro attached in the four position and R3 is hydrogen.

In one embodiment of the present invention, R4 is methyl. 50 In one embodiment of the present invention, the compound of formula 1 is the S- enantiomer or the racemate. In a further embodiment of the invention, the compound of formula I is the S-enantiomer.

A further aspect of the invention relates to compounds of formula I, wherein

Het is thiomorpholino, morpholino or oxidothiomorpholino;

R1lis H; s R2 is fluoro and R3 is hydrogen, fluoro being preferably in para position;

Aris 3-cyano-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl; and

R4 is as defined above.

In a further aspect of the invention the following compounds are provided: 3,5-Dichloro-N-[(25)-2-(3 4-dichiorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-ylbutyl}-

N-methylbenzamide; 3,5-Dibromo-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl}-N- methylbenzamide;

N-[(2S)-2-(3 .4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-3,5-difluoro-

N-methylbenzamide;

N-[(25)-2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin- 1-yDbutyl]-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 5-Cyano-N- [(28)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-y)butyl}-N- methyl-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxamide; 3-Cyano-N-[(2S)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutyl]-N- methylbenzamide; 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3 A-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl]-N- methyl-5,6,7.8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide;

2-Cyano-N-[(28)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-ybutyl}-N- methylquinoline-4-carboxamide; 3.Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl]-N-methyl- 56,7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide;

N-[2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl]-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 7-Chloro-N-[(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-ybutyl]-N- methyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carboxamide;

N-{(28)-2-(3 4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1 -oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1 -yl]butyl}-2- methoxy-N-methylquinoline-4-carboxamide; 3-Fluoro-N-[(28)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-ylbutyl]-N-methyl-5- : (trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 3-Cyano-N-{2- (4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin- 1-yl)azetidin-1-ylJbutyl}-N- methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide;

N-[4-[3-(1,4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin-1-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenylbutyl]-N- methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;

N-{(28)-2-(3.4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-yDazetidin-1-yljbutyl }-N- methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;

N-{(25)-2-(34-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yDazetidin-1-yllbutyl}-N- methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;

3.Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yDazetidin-1- ylbutyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide;

N-((25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluropiperidip-1-yDazetidin-1-yl butyl }-N-methyl- 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 3. Cyano-N-[(28)-2-(4-fluoropheny1)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-ybutyl]-N-methyl- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide;

N-{(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl butyl} -N-methyl- 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 3.5-Dichloro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl}-N- : methylbenzamide; 3.Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutyl}-N- methyl-1-naphthamide; 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutyl}-N- methyl-1-naphthamide; 3.Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(14-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yDazetidin- 1-yl]butyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3.Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-{3-(4-bydroxypiperidin-1-yDazetidin-1- ylJbutyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3.Cyano-N-[2-{4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-ybutyl]-N-methyl-1- naphthamide;

3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl}-N-methyl-1- naphthamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1- yl]butyl }-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yi]butyl }-

N-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide; 3-Cyano-N-ethyl-N- [(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1 -y)butyl]- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-4-[3-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin-1-y1]-2-(4- fluorophenyl)butyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide; 3-cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyi-1- naphthamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(1,4-oxazepan-4-yl)azetidin-1-yl]butyl }-N- methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide; 3-Fluoro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl}-N-methyl- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide; 3,5-Dibromo-N-{(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1- yl]butyl}-N-methylbenzamide; 3-Bromo-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl}-5-iodo-N- 3 methylbenzamide;

3.Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutyl}-N- methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide; 6-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl]-N- methylindane-4-carboxamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yDazetidin-1- yllbutyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3-Cyano-N-{2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl butyl} -N- methyl-1-naphthamide; 3,5-Dichloro-N-{(28)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yDazetidin-1- 1s yl]butyl}-N-methylbenzamide;

N-[(2S)-2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-oxidothiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutyl]-N- methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(28)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1- ylJbutyl}-N-methyl-5,6,78-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide; 3.Cyano-N-{2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl butyl}-N- methyl-1-naphthamide; 3-cyano-N-{2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1-ylbutyl}-N- methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide;

N-{2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1-ylJbutyl}-N-methyl- 50 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide;

3.Cyano-N-((25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-{3-(4-oxopiperidin-1-yDazetidin-1-yllbutyl}- 'N-methyl-1-naphthamide;

N-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)4-[3-(4-oxopiperidin-1-yDazetidin-1-ylJbutyl}-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-ylazetidin-1- yl]butyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3-Cyano-N-{2-(4-fluoropheny})-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-yDazetidin-1-ylTbutyl}-N- methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide; 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yDazetidin-1- yl]butyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide;

N-[(28)4-[3-(4-Acetylpiperazin-1-yazetidin-1-y1]-2-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)butyl]-3-cyano-

N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3.Cyano-N-[(28)4-{3-(4-cyanopiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-y1}-2-(3.4-dichloropheny butyl}

N-methyl-1-naphthamide; or an enantiomer thereof or any salt thereof. 2s The present invention relates to the use of compounds of formula I as defined above as well as to salts thereof. Salts for use in pharmaceutical compositions will be pharmaceutically acceptable salts, but other salts may be useful in the production of the compounds of formula L 50 The compounds of the present invention are capable of forming salts with various inorganic and organic acids and such salts are also within the scope of this invention.

Examples of such acid addition salts include acetate, adipate, ascorbate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, bisulfate, butyrate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, citrate, cyclohexyl sulfamate, ethanesulfonate, fumarate, glutamate, glycolate, hemisulfate, 2- hydroxyethylsulfonate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, s hydroxymaleate, lactate, malate, maleate, methanesulfonate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, nitrate, oxalate, palmoate, persulfate, phenylacetate, phosphate, picrate, pivalate, propionate, quinate, salicylate, stearate, succinate, sulfamate, sulfanilate, sulfate, tartrate, tosylate (p-toluenesulfonate), and undecanoate. Non-toxic physiologically acceptable salts are preferred, although other salts are also useful, such as in isolating or purifying the product.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be prepared from the corresponding acid in conventional manner. Non-pharmaceutically-acceptable salts may be useful as intermediates and as such are another aspect of the present invention.

Acid addition salts may also be in the form of polymeric salts such as polymeric sulfonates.

The salts may be formed by conventional means, such as by reacting the free base form of the product with one or more equivalents of the appropriate acid in a solvent or medium in which the salt is insoluble, or in a solvent such as water, which is removed in vacuo or by freeze drying or by exchanging the anions of an existing salt for another anion on a suitable jon-exchange resin. »5 Compounds of formula I have one or more chiral centres, and it is to be understood that the invention encompasses all optical isomers, enantiomers and diastereomers. The compounds according to formula (I) can be in the form of the single stereoisomers, i.e. the single enantiomer (the R-enantiomer or the S-enantiomer) and/or diastereomer. The compounds according to formula (I) can also be in the form of a racemic mixture, i.e. an equimolar mixture of enantiomers.

It is to be understood that the present invention also relates to any and all tautomeric forms of the compounds of formula I.

Some compounds can exist as a mixture of conformational isomers. The compounds of this s invention comprise both mixtures of, and individual, conformational isomers.

Listed below are definitions of various terms used in the specification and claims to describe the present invention.

For the avoidance of doubt it is to be understood that where in this specification a group is qualified by ‘hereinbefore defined’ or ‘defined hereinbefore’ the said group encompasses the first occurring and broadest definition as well as each and all of the preferred definitions of that group.

Unless stated otherwise, the term “alkyl” includes straight as well as branched chain C14 alkyl groups, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl or t- butyl. One or more of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group may be substituted for a fluorine atom, such as in difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl.

As used herein, Cs-Cs4 cycloalkyl is a cyclic alkyl such as cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl. The cycloalkyl may also be unsaturated. One or more of the hydrogen atoms of the cycloalkyl group may be substituted for a fluorine atom. 2s As used herein, C2-C4 alkenyl is a straight or branched alkenyl group, for example vinyl.

One or more of the hydrogen atoms of the alkenyl group may be substituted for a fluorine atom.

As used herein, C,-C4 alkynyl is a straight or branched alkynyl group, for example ethynyl.

One or more of the hydrogen atoms of the alkynyl group may be substituted for a fluorine atom. s As used herein, C;-C4 hydroxyalkyl is a hydroxyalkyl group comprising 1-4 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group. One or more of the hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyalkyl group may be substituted for a fluorine atom.

The term “alkoxy” as used herein, unless stated otherwise includes C;-C4 alkoxy groups, for example methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy or t- butoxy. One or more of the hydrogen atoms of the alkoxy group may be substituted for a fluorine atom.

The term “alkylthio” as used herein, unless stated otherwise includes C;-C4 alkylthio 1s groups, for example methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, j-propylthio, n-butylthio, i- : butylthio, s-butylthio or t-butylthio. One or more of the hydrogen atoms of the alkylthio group may be substituted for a fluorine atom.

In this specification, unless stated otherwise, the term "halogen" includes chloro, bromo, fluoro and iodo.

In this specification, unless stated otherwise, the term “alkyl sulfonyl” includes C;-Cq alkyl sulfonyl groups, for example methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, i- propylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, i-butylsulfonyl, s-butylsulfonyl or t-butylsulfonyl.

In this specification, unless stated otherwise, the term “alkylsulfinyl” includes C;-Cs alkyl sulfinyl groups, for example methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, n-propylsulfinyl, i- propylsulfinyl, n-butylsulfinyl, i-butylsulfinyl, s-butylsulfinyl or t-butylsulfinyl.

In this specification, unless stated otherwise, the term “acyl” includes C1-C4 acyl groups, for example formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl and isobutyryl.

As used herein, the term “free base” means the compound in its neutral form, i.e. when the s compound is not present as a salt.

Pharmaceutical formulations

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound of formula I, as a single enantiomer, a racemate or a mixture thereof as a free base or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for use in prevention and/or treatment of respiratory, cardiovascular, neuro, pain, oncology, imflammatory and/or gastrointestinal disorders.

The pharmaceutical compositions of this invention may be administered in standard manner for the disease condition that it is desired to treat, for example by oral, topical, parenteral, buccal, nasal, vaginal or rectal administration or by inhalation or insufflation.

For these purposes the compounds of this invention may be formulated by means known in »0 the art into the form of, for example, tablets, pellets, capsules, aqueous or oily solutions, suspensions, emulsions, creams, ointments, gels, nasal sprays, suppositories, finely divided powders or aerosols or nebulisers for inhalation, and for parenteral use (including intravenous, intramuscular or infusion) sterile aqueous or oily solutions or suspensions or sterile emulsions.

In addition to the compounds of the present invention the pharmaceutical composition of this invention may also contain, or be co-administered (simultaneously or sequentially) with, one or more pharmacological agents of value in treating one or more disease conditions referred to herein.

The pharmaceutical compositions of this invention will normally be administered to humans so that, for example, a daily dose of 0.01 to 25 mg/kg body weight (and preferably of 0.1 to 5 mg/kg body weight) is received. This daily dose may be given in divided doses as necessary, the precise amount of the compound received and the route of administration s depending on the weight, age and sex of the patient being treated and on the particular disease condition being treated according to principles known in the art.

Typically unit dosage forms will contain about 1 mg to 500 mg of a compound of this invention. For example a tablet or capsule for oral administration may conveniently contain up to 250 mg (and typically 5 to 100 mg) of a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In another example, for administration by inhalation, a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be administered in a daily dosage range of 5 to 100 mg, in a single dose or divided into two to four daily doses. In a further example, for administration by intravenous or is intramuscular injection or infusion, a sterile solution or suspension containing up to 10% w/w (and typically 5% w/w) of a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be used.

Medical and pharmaceutical use

The present invention provides a method of treating or preventing a disease condition wherein antagonism of tachykinins acting at the NK; and NK receptors is beneficial which comprises administering to a subject an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof. The present invention also 2s provides the use of a compound of the formula (I) ora pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the preparation of a medicament for use in a disease condition wherein antagonism of tachykinins acting at the NK; and NK; receptors is beneficial.

The compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof may 50 be used in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prevention or treatment of respiratory, cardiovascular, neuro, pain, oncology and/or gastrointestinal disorders.

Examples of such disorders are asthma, allergic rhinitis, pulmonary diseases, cough, cold, inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, airway reactivity, urticaria, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, edema, angiogenesis, pain, migraine, tension headache, psychoses, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia,

Huntington's disease, bladder hypermotility, urinary incontinence, eating disorder, manic depression, substance dependence, movement disorder, cognitive disorder, obesity, stress disorders, micturition disorders, mania, hypomania and aggression, bipolar disorder, cancer, carcinoma, fibromyalgia, non cardiac chest pain, gastrointestinal hypermotility, gastric asthma, Crohn’s disease, gastric emptying disorders, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), emesis, gastric asthma, gastric motility disorders or gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Pharmacology

Transfection and culturing of cells used in FLIPR and Binding assays

Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) K1 cells (obtained from ATCC) were stably transfected with the human NK; receptor ((NKoR cDNA in pRc/CMV, Invitrogen) or the human NK; 2 receptor (WNKsR in pcDNA 3.1/Hygro (+)/IRES/CD8, Invitrogen vector modified at

AstraZeneca EST-Bio UK, Alderley Park). The cells were transfected with the cationic lipid reagent LIPOFECTAMINE™ (Invitrogen) and selection was performed with

Geneticin (G418, Invitrogen) at 1mg/ml for the ANK;R transfected cells and with

Hygromycin (Invitrogen) at 500p g/ml for the BNK3R transfected cells. Single cell clones »s were collected by aid of Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS), tested for functionality in a FLIPR assay (see below), expanded in culture and cryopreserved for future use. CHO cells stably transfected with human NK, receptors originates from

AstraZeneca R&D, Wilmington USA. Human NK; receptor cDNA (obtained from RNA-

PCR from lung tissue) was subcloned into pReCMYV (Invitrogen). Transfection was performed by Calcium Phosphate and selection with 1mg/ml G418.

The CHO cells stably transfected with hNK;R, hNK;R and hNK;R were cultured in a humidified incubator under 5% CO, in Nut Mix F12 (HAM) with Glutamax I, 10% Foetal

Bovine Serum (FBS), 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin (PEST) supplemented with 200 g/ml

Geneticin for the hNK;R and hNKoR expressing cells and 500 g/ml Hygromycin for the hNK;R expressing cells. The cells were grown in T175 flasks and routinely passaged when 70-80% confluent for up to 20-25 passages.

Assessing the Activity of Selected test Compounds to Inhibit Human NK,/NK2/NK;

Receptor Activation (FLIPR assay)

The activity of a compound of the invention to inhibit NK;/N Ko/NK3 receptor activation measured as NK;/NK»/NKj receptor mediated increase in intracellular Cat was assessed by the following procedure:

CHO cells stably transfected with human NK, NK, or NK3 receptors were plated in black is walled/clear bottomed 96-well plates (Costar 3904) at 3.5x10* cells per well and grown for approximately 24h in normal growth media in a 37°C CO,-incubator.

Before the FLIPR assay the cells of each 96-well plate were loaded with the Ca®* sensitive dye Fluo-3 (TEFLABS 01 16) at 44M in a loading media consisting of Nut Mix F12 (HAM) with Glutamax I, 22mM HEPES, 2.5mM Probenicid (Sigma P-8761) and 0.04% 50 Pluronic F-127 (Sigma P-2443) for 1 h kept dark in a 37°C CO,-incubator. The cells were then washed three times in assay buffer (Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) containing 20mM HEPES, 2.5mM Probenicid and 0.1% BSA) using a multi-channel pipette leaving them in 150p1 at the end of the last wash. Serial dilutions of a test compound in assay buffer (final DMSO concentration kept below 1%) were automatically pipetted by FLIPR 2s (Fluorometric Imaging Plate Reader) into each test well and the fluorescence intensity was recorded (excitation 488 nm and emission 530 nm) by the FLIPR CCD camera for a 2 min pre-incubation period. 50ul of the Substance P (NK; specific), NKA (NK; specific), or

Pro-7-NKB (NKj specific) agonist solution (final concentration equivalent to an approximate ECeo concentration) was then added by FLIPR into each well already 50 containing 200u1 assay buffer (containing the test compound or vehicle) and the fluorescence was continuously monitored for another 2 min. The response was measured as the peak relative fluorescence after agonist addition and ICsos were calculated from ten- point concentration-response curves for each compound. The ICsos were then converted to pKs values with the following formula: s Kgp=ICsg/ 14 (BCgo conc. of agonist used in assay / ECso agonist) pKs =-log Kp

Determining the Dissociation Constant (Ki) of compounds for Human NKi/NK2/NK;

Receptors (Binding Assay) 0 Membranes were prepared from CHO cells stably transfected with human NK, NK; or

NK; receptors according to the following method.

Cells were detached with Accutase® solution, harvested in PBS containing 5% FBS by centrifugation, washed twice in PBS and resuspended to a concentration of 1x10° cells/ml in Tris-HCl 50 mM, KCl 300 mM, EDTA-N, 10 mM pH 7.4 (4°C). Cell suspensions were 1s homogenized with an UltraTurrax 30 s 12.000 rpm. The homogenates were centrifuged at 38.000 x g (4°C) and the pellet resuspended in Tris-HCl 50 mM pH 7.4. The homogenization was repeated once and the homogenates were incubated on ice for 45 min.

The homogenates were again centrifuged as described above and resuspended in Tris-HCl 50mM pH 7.4. This centrifugation step was repeated 3 times in total. After the last centrifugation step the pellet was resuspended in Tris-HC1 50mM and homogenized with

Dual Potter, 10 strokes to a homogenous solution, an aliquot was removed for protein determination. Membranes were aliquoted and frozen at -80°C until use.

The radioligand binding assay is performed at room temperature in 96-well microtiter plates (No-binding Surface Plates, Corning 3600) with a final assay volume of 200ul/well ,s in incubation buffer (SOmM Tris buffer (pH 7.4 RT) containing 0.1 % BSA, 40 mg/L

Bacitracin, complete EDT A-free protease inhibitor cocktail tablets 20 pills/L. (Roche) and 3mM MnCl). Competition binding curves were done by adding increasing amounts of the test compound. Test compounds were dissolved and serially diluted in DMSO, final

DMSO concentration 1.5 % in the assay. 50u1 Non labelled ZD 6021 (a non selective NK- antagonist, 10uM final conc) was added for measurement of non-specific binding. For total binding, 50u] of 1.5% DMSO (final conc) in incubation buffer was used.[>H-Sar,Met(02)-

Substance P] (4nM final conc) was used in binding experiments on hNK;r. PH-SR48968] (3nM final conc.) for hNK.r and [’H-SR142801] (3nM final conc) for binding experiments on hNKar. 501 radioligand, 3u1 test compound diluted in DMSO and 47pl incubation s buffer were mixed with 5-10pg cell membranes in 100p1 incubation buffer and incubated for 30 min at room temperature on a microplate shaker.

The membranes were then collected by rapid filtration on Filtermat B(Wallac), presoaked in 0.1% BSA and 0.3% Polyethyleneimine (Sigma P-3143), using a Micro 96 Harvester (Skatron Instruments, Norway). Filters were washed by the harvester with ice-cold wash 50 buffer (50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 at 4°C, containing 3mM MnCl,) and dried at 50°C for 30- 60 min. Meltilex scintillator sheets were melted on to filters using a Microsealer (Wallac,

Finland) and the filters were counted in a f-Liquid Scintillation Counter (1450 Microbeta,

Wallac, Finland).

The K; value for the unlabeled ligand was calculated using the Cheng-Prusoff equation 1s (Biochem. Pharmacol. 22:3099-3108, 1973): where L is the concentration of the radioactive ligand used and Kg is the affinity of the radioactive ligand for the receptor, determined by saturation binding.

Data was fitted to a four-parameter equation using Excel Fit.

K; = ICso/ (1+(L/K4) ) 20

Results

In general, the compounds of the invention, which were tested, demonstrated statistically significant antagonistic activity at the NK receptor within the interval 7-9 for the pKp.

For the NK receptor the interval for the pKp was 7-9. In general, the antagonistic activity at the NK3 receptor was less than 7.5 for the pKp.

In general, the compounds of the invention, which were tested, demonstrated statistically significant CYP3A4 inhibition at a low level. The ICsq values tested according to Bapiro et al; Drug Metab. Dispos. 29, 30-35 (2001) were generally greater than 2 uM.

Thus, the tested compounds according to the invention have been shown to be selective and dual NK;/ NKj receptor antagonists as well as showing low levels of CYP3A4 inhibition.

Biological evalution

Gerbil Foot Tap (NK1 specific test model)

Male Mongolian gerbils (60-80g) are purchased from Charles River, Germany. On arrival, they are housed in groups of ten, with food and water ad libitium in temperature and jo humidity-controlled holding rooms. The animals are allowed at least 7 days to acclimatize to the housing conditions before experiments. Each animal is used only once and killed immediately after the experiment by heart punctuation or a lethal overdose of penthobarbital sodium. is Gerbils are anaesthetized with isoflurane. Potential CNS-permeable NK1 receptor antagonists are administered intraperitoneally, intravenously or subcutaneously. The compounds are given at various time points (typically 30-120 minutes) prior to stimulation with agonist.

The gerbils are lightly anaesthetized using isofluorane and a small incision is made in the skin over bregma. 10 pmol of ASMSP, a selective NK1 receptor agonist, is administered icv in a volume of 5 pl using a Hamilton syringe with a needle 4 mm long. The wound is clamped shut and the animal is placed in a small plastic cage and allowed to wake up. The cage is placed on a piece of plastic tubing filled with water and connected to a computer via a pressure transducer. The number of hind feet taps is recorded.

Fecal pellet output (NK2 specific test model)

The in vivo effect (NK2) of the compounds of formula I can be determined by measuring

NK2 receptor agonist-induced fecal pellet output using gerbil as described in e.g. The

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (2001) 559-564.

Methods of preparation

In another aspect the present invention provides a process for preparing a compound of the formula (I) or salts thereof which process comprises: j0 a) reacting a compound of the formula (III) with a compound of the formula (IV):

Het.

N,

H a 0)

R1 0)

N Ar

H R4

R2 R3 Iv) wherein R1-R4, Het, and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and the conditions are such that reductive alkylation of the compounds of the formula (IIT) forms an N-C bond between the nitrogen atom of the azetidine group of the compounds of formula (III) and the carbon » atom of the aldehyde group of the compounds of formula (IV); or b) reacting a compound of the formula (IT) with a compound of the formula (V):

oO

R1 JU

L

N Ar

R4

R2 R3 0) wherein R1-R4, Het, and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and L is a group such that alkylation of the compounds of the formula (IIT) forms an N-C bond between the nitrogen s atom of the azetidine group of the compounds of formula (IT) and the carbon atom of the compounds of formula (V) that is adjacent to the L group; or c) reacting a compound of the formula (VI) with a compound of the formula (VII):

Het

Re! R1

N N H

R4

R2 R3 VD

BY VID wherein R1-R4, Het and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and L’ is a leaving group; wherein any other functional group is protected, if necessary, and: 1) removing any protecting groups; ii) optionally oxidizing any oxidizeable atoms; iii) optionally forming a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Protecting groups may in general be chosen from any of the groups described in the 0 literature or known to the skilled chemist as appropriate for the protection of the group in question, and may be introduced and removed by conventional methods; see for example

Protecting Groups in Organic Chemistry; Theodora W. Greene. Methods of removal are chosen so as to effect removal of the protecting group with minimum disturbance of groups elsewhere in the molecule.

It will also be appreciated that certain of the various optional substituents in the compounds of the formula (I) may be introduced by standard aromatic substitution reactions or generated by conventional functional group modifications either prior to or immediately following the processes described hereinabove. The reagents and reaction conditions for such procedures are well known in the chemical art.

The compounds of the formulae (III) and (IV) are reacted under conditions of reductive alkylation. The reaction is typically performed at a non-extreme temperature, for example 0 - 100 °C, in a substantially inert solvent for example dichloromethane. Typical reducing 1s agents include borohydrides such as sodium cyanoborohydride.

The compounds of the formulae (II) and (V) are reacted under conditions of alkylation.

Typically in the compounds of the formula (V) L is a leaving group such as halogen or alkylsulfonyloxy. The reaction is typically performed at an elevated temperature, for example 30 - 130 °C, in a substantially inert solvent for example DMF.

The compounds of the formula (IIT) are known or may be prepared in conventional manner. The compounds of the formula (IV) may be prepared, for example, by reacting a compound of the formula (VII) with a compound of the formula (VIII):

R1 0) N H

H R4

R2 R3 (VI)

wherein R1-R4 are as hereinbefore defined under conventional acylation conditions.

The compounds of the formula (V) may be prepared, for example, by reacting a compound of the formula (VII) with a compound of the formula (IX):

L fl H

N”

R4

R2 R3 (IX) wherein R1-R4 and L are as hereinbefore defined under conventional acylation conditions.

The compounds of the formulae (VI) and (VII) may be reacted under conventional acylation conditions wherein

Pi Ar sis an acid or an activated acid derivative. Such activated acid derivatives are well known in the literature. They may be formed in situ from the acid or they may be prepared, isolated and subsequently reacted. Typically L’ is chloro thereby forming the acid chloride.

Typically the acylation reaction is performed in the presence of a non-nucleophilic base, for example N,N-diisopropylethylamine, in a substantially inert solvent such as dichloromethane at a non-extreme temperature.

The compounds of the formula (VIII) and (IX) are known or may be prepared in conventional manner. as Certain compounds of the formulae (II), AV), VM), (VD, (VII), (VII) and (IX) are novel and form part of the present invention.

Thus, another aspect of the invention is the intermediates

[(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutylmethylamine;

[(25)-2-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yDazetidin-1- yl]butylJmethylamine; (2-(4-fluoropheny])-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyljmethylamine;

[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyljmethylamine;

1-{ 1-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(methylamino)butyl lazetidin-3-y1}piperidin-4-ol; [4-[3-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5)dec-8-yl)azetidin-1-y1]-2-(4-

fluorophenyl)butylimethylamine;

{(29)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1- yl]butyl }methylamine;

1-{1-[(38)-3-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(methylamino)butylJazetidin-3-yl }piperidin-4-ol; 1-[(38)-4-[(3-cyano-1-naphthoyl)(methyl)amino]-3-(3 A4-dichlorophenyl)butyl]jazetidin-3- yh;

3-cyano-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3_cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3-cyano-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-5 ,6,7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-

1-carboxamide;

3,5-dichloro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methylbenzamide; 3-cyano-N-ethyl-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl}-4-oxobutyl]-5.6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- s carboxamide; 3-cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide; 3,5-dibromo-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl] -N-methylbenzamide; 3-bromo-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-5-iodo-N-methylbenzamide; 3-cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-oxobutyl}-N-methyl-5,6,7.8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide; 6-cyano-N-[(2S)-2~(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methylindane-4-carboxamide; 3-fluoro-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide; or an enantiomer thereof or any salt thereof.

Examples

It should be emphasised that the compounds of the present invention most often show highly complex NMR specira due to the existence of conformational isomers. This is believed to be a result from slow rotation about the amide and/or aryl bond. The following abbreviations are used in the presentation of the NMR data of the compounds: s-singlet; d- doublet; t-triplet; qt-quartet; qn-quintet; m-multiplet; b-broad; cm-complex multiplet, which may include broad peaks.

The following examples will describe, but not limit, the invention.

The following abbreviations are used in the experimental: DCC (1,3- s dicyclohexylcarbodiimide), DIPEA (N,N-diisopropylethylamine), DMF (N,N- dimethylformamide), TBTU (N,N,N',N ".tetramethyl-O-(benzotriazol-1-yluronium tetrafluoroborate), NMO (4-methylmorpholine N-oxide) and THF (tetrahydrofuran).

Examplel 3,5-Dichloro-N-[(28)-2-( 3.4-dichlorophenyl)-4-( 3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl )butyl]-

N-methylbenzamide acetate

Uhh

No N Cl : | - HOAc 8 ~Cl Cl

Cl [(28)-2-(3 4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl methylamine 1s hydrochloride (see Method 1; 89 mg, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (2 mL) and to the resultant solution were added 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (44 mg, 0.23 mmol), TBTU (80 mg, 0.25 mmol) and DIPEA (108 mg, 0.84 mmol) in the given order. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 h, diluted with water and then neutralized by the addition of NaHCOj3. The mixture was extracted twice with ethyl acetate and the combined organic solutions were dried over MgSOs4. The solvent was removed by evaporation to yield 79 mg of crude product. The product was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. There was obtained 43 mg (37%) of the title compound as a white solid. 'H NMR (500 MHz, CD;CN): 1.3-1.8 (cm, 3H), 2.04.6 (cm, 23H), 6.8-7.7 (cm, 5H), 8.0 (d, 1H); LCMS: m/z 560 (M+1) *.

Example 2 3 5-Dibromo-N-[(28)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyll-N- methylbenzamide dihydrochloride

Chg Q poeace 2 - 2 HCI

Pf

F

[(2S)-2-(Fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yh)butyljmethylamine dihydrochloride (see Method 4; 292 mg, 0.68 mmol), 3,5-dibromobenzoic acid (215 mg, 0.77 mmol) and DIPEA (350 mg, 2.71 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (20 mL) and to the resultant solution was added TBTU (250 mg, 0.78 mmol) at 0°C. The mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was diluted jo with ethyl acetate and then washed thrice with an aqueous solution of NaHCOs. The organic solution was combined with another preparation of the title compound (as free base) being prepared by a similar method (68 mg). The combined organic solutions were then dried over MgSO and the solvent was removed by evaporation to yield 344 mg. The product was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a mixture of acetonitrile and is 0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. The collected fractions were freeze-dried and the residue was then dissolved in a mixture of water and acetonitrile. The solution was acidified with hydrochloric acid (2 M) and again freeze-dried. There was obtained 267 mg (55%) of the title compound as a grey solid. 'H NMR (500 MHz, CD;0D): 1.8-2.1 (cm, 2H), 2.74.8 (cm, 21H), 6.9-7.8 (cm, 7H); LCMS: m/z 584 M+)"

Examples 3-18

The following compounds, which are tabulated below, were synthesized in an analogous way to that of Example 1 and Example 2 using the appropriate amine and acid intermediates (see below): N-[(28)-2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4- ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-3,5-difluoro-N-methylbenzamide acetate (Ex. 3), N-[(25)-2-(3.4-

Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin- 1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-3,5-

bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide acetate (Ex 4), 5-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4- (3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-y))butyl}-N-methyl-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxamide acetate (Ex 5), 3-Cyano-N-[(28)-2-(3 ‘4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin- 1-yl)butyl]-N-methylbenzamide acetate (Ex 6), 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3 A-dichlorophenyl)-4-

(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- carboxamide acetate (Ex 7), 2-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin- 4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methylquinoline-4-carboxamide acetate (Ex 8), 3-Cyano-N-[2- (4-fluorophenyl)4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-y)butyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7.8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide diacetate (Ex 9), N-[2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3-

thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide diacetate (Ex 10), 7-Chloro-N-[(25)-2-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4- ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carboxamide acetate (Ex 11), N-{(25)-2-(3 4-Dichlorophenyl)4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1- yl]butyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylquinoline-4-carboxamide (Ex 12), 3-Fluoro-N-[(25)-2-(4-

fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)benzamide (Ex 13), 3-Cyano-N-{2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yljbutyl}-N-methyl-5 ,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- carboxamide acetate (Ex 14), N-[4-[3-(1,4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin-1-y1}-2- (4-fluorophenyl)butyl}-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (Ex 15), N-{(25)-2-

(3 ,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl butyl }-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (Ex 16), N-{(25)-2-(3 ,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl}butyl }-N-methyl-3 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide diacetate (Ex 17).

2s The amine and acid intermediates used in the examples below are often commercially available and if not the syntheses thereof are described in the following referred Methods (Meth) or in the following cited documents: Ex 3 (see Meth 1), Ex 4 (see Meth 1), Ex 5 (see Meth 1 and Meth 9), Ex 6 (see Meth 1), Ex 7 (see Meth 1 and WO 00/34243), Ex 8 (see Meth 1 and J Prakt Chem; 1902; 264), Ex 9 (see Meth 3 and WO 00/34243), Ex 10

10 (see Meth 3), Ex 11 (see Meth 1 and Meth 10), Ex 12 (see Meth 2 and J Med Chem; 1992; 4893), Ex 13 (see Meth 4), Ex 14 (Meth 5 and WO 00/34243), Ex 15 (see Meth 6), Ex 16 (see Meth 7) and Ex 17 (see Meth 8).

1 SO co bh (300 Miz, 528 | 715% 1 CD:OD): 1.620 | M+1)*

Thy F | (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s, or 3H), 2.4-4.0 (cm, + HOAs g\ oF 20H), 6.47.6

Cl (cm, 6H) ~ (300 MHz, 628 | 52% @ CD,OD): 1.5-2.4 | M+1)* lsreace (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s, 3H), 2.44.0 (cm, « HOAC <u CF, 20H), 6.9-7.7 ci (cm, 5H), 8.0 (s, 1H) (300 MHz, 573 | 56% [SN 0 \ CD;OD): 14-22 | (M+1)”*

NaN (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s, gel 3H), 2.44.0 (cm,

HOAs <u IN 20H), 6.77.8

Cl (cm, 4H), 7.5 (d, 1H), 7.8 (d, 1H), 8.3 (s, 1H) ~~ (300 MHz, 517 | 719% 1G CD:OD): 1.42.4 | M+1)* \aseae (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s,

SL 3H), 2.4-3.8 (cm, . HOAC CL I 20H), 6.97.6 (cm, 6H), 7.8 (d, 1H)

~ (400 MHz, 571 36% @ CDCh): 1.444 | M+)?

Napa tt (cm, 34H), 6.7- 74 (cm, 4H), 7.4 - HOAC <u EN (d, 1H) cl ~~ (400 MHz, 568 30% 1 CDCl): 14-20 | M+)?

Thy EN (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s, 0 _N | 3H), 22-44 (em, . HOAC y 1 20H), 6.4-7.9 a (cm, TH), 8.2 (4, 1H) ~~ (400 MHz, 521 19%

Tk 0 CDCL): 14-20 | (M+)?

Rh? A (cm, 6H), 2.0 (s, ® 6H), 2.24.0 (cm, » 2HOAc re) EN 25H), 6.74-7.4

F (cm, 6H) ~ (400 MHz, 578 17%

TA 0 CDCl): 1.420 | (M+)?

RY acs (cm, 2H), 2.0 (s, 6H), 2.2-3.8 (cm, . 2 HOAC re) Le, 21H), 6.8-7.6

L (cm, 6H), 7.8 (s, 1H)

~~ (400 MHz, 584 11% @ ™N CDsOD): 1.420 | M+)?

Thy O | (cm, 2H), 2.0, il | av 3H), 2.4-4.4 (cm, al (cm, SH)

Oss ™ 589 5%

LUN o) M+)?

AC

0 Ld

Cl (500 MHz, 512 56%

CDCl): 1.4-1.8 | (M+1)” hasan (cm, 2H), 2.2-2.6 i | (cm, 8H), 2.7-3.2

J L (cm, 5H), 3.4-3.5

F (cm, 3H), 3.6-3.8) (cm, 5H), 6.8-7.4 (cm, 7TH) 14 | HO (400 MHz, 519 17% )\@ CD;OD): 14-42 | M+1)?

Th A (cm, 35H), 6.7- i) 7.5 (cm, 6H) » HOAC &n

E

C 'e (400 MHz, 618 | 40%

OLN CDCl): 14-16 | (VM+D* \ avs (b, 1H), 1.8 (s, 5H), 2.2-4.0 (cm, re) CF, 21H), 6.8-7.5

F (cm, 6H), 7.8 (s, 1H)

F (500 MHz, 628 | 30% @ CDCl): 1438 | (M+)?

Thay CFs | (cm, 22H), 3.6- a. 3.8 (m, 1H), 4.6- <u CF, 48 (4, 1H), 6.7- c 7.6 (cm, 5H), 7.9 (s, 1H)

Ho (500 MHz, 626 | 13%

Th CD,OD): 1.54.0 | M+1)*

AN CFs| (cm, 25H), 6.9- . 2 HOAC g\ | or 7.7 (cm, 5H), 8.1 cl CF, (s, 1H)

Cl

Example 18 3-Cyano-N- -2-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(3-hydrox olidin-1-yDazetidin-1- yllbutyl}-N-methyl- ]-naphthamide acetate oly 0 4

No N : | » HOAc

Le

Ci s 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide (see WO 00/02859; 38 mg, 0.089 mmol) was dissolved in CHzClz (3 mL) and to the resultant solution was added 1-azetidin-3-ylpyrrolidin-3-ol dihydrochloride (see Method 12; 20 mg, 0.093 mmol) dissolved in a few drops of methanol. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (25 mg, 0.118 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature over night. The mixture was diluted with CH2Cla, washed with brine and then dried over MgSO. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue chromatographed on a reversed phase column using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. There was obtained 19 mg (35%) of the title compound as a white solid. '"H NMR (400 MHz,

CD,0D): 0.8-4.9 (cm, 25H), 6.4-7.9 (cm, 7H), 7.9-8.1 (m, 1H), 8.4 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 1s 551 M+)".

Example 19

N-{(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[ 3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-ylazetidin- 1-ylbutyl}-N-methyl- 3.5-bis(trifluoromethyl )benzamide

F jo i i: $ CF,

F

N-[(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyDbepzagtide (see

Method 20; 189 mg, 0.43 mmol), 1-azetidin-3-yl-4-fluoropiperidine dihydrochloride (see

WO 97/27185; 139 mg, 0.56 mmol) and triethylamine (154 mg, 1.52 mmol) were dissolved in methanol (10 mL). A methanol solution (5 mL) of sodium cyanoborohydride 5s (191 mg, 3.04 mmol) and zinc chloride (178 mg, 1.30 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic solution was washed with aqueous NaHCO; (1 M) and then brine. The solution was dried over Na;SO4 and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The product was chromatographed on silica gel jo using a gradient of methanol and CHCl, (0% MeOH-20% MeOH). There was obtained 120 mg (48%) of the title compound as a gum. IH NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 1.4-1.9 (cm, 6H), 2.1-2.4 (cm, 6H), 2.6-3.5 (cm, 10H), 3.6-3.8 (m, 1H), 4.6-4.8 (bd, 1H), 6.8-7.5 (m, 6H), 7.8 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 578 M+). 15 Example 20 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2- 4-fluorophenyl)-4-( 3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1 -yl)butyl]-N-methyl-

S 6.7.8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide

SN 5

NN i

J =

F

3-Cyano-N- [(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl}-N-methyl-5 ,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 0 1-carboxamide (see Method 19; 2.38 g, 6.3 mmol) and 4-azetidin-3-ylmorpholine dihydrochloride (see WO 00/63168; 1.49 g, 6.9 mmol) were mixed together with CH,Cl, (120 mL) and DIPEA (1.63 g, 12.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred until all the chemicals were dissolved. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.87 g, 8.8 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was removed and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and saturated NaHCO; (aq). The phases were separated and the aqueous solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic solutions were dried over MgSO4 and the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was diluted with a small amount of acetonitrile and the solution was kept in a freezer overnight. The crystals were collected by filtration and more material was then obtained from the mother liquor by an additional crystallisation from acetonitrile. There s was obtained 1.43 g (45 %) in total of the title compound as an off-white solid. "H NMR (500 MHz, CD;0D): 1.4-4.2 (cm, 31H), 7.0-7.6 (cm, 6H); LCMS: m/z 505 M+)

The material was shown to be 99.6 % optically pure (enantiomeric excess) by analytical chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD, 250 x 4.6 mm) using a mixture of heptane, isopropyl alcohol, triethylamine and formic acid (70/30/0.1/0.05) as mobile phase.

Example 21

N-{(285)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-( 4-hydroxypiperidin-1-ylazetidin-1 -yl]butyl }-N-methyl- 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide

HO

Q

Terry”

J CF,

F

N-[(2S)-2~(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl] -N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (see

Method 20; 0.40 g, 0.91 mmol) was dissolved in CH,Cl, (10 mL) and to the resultant solution were added 1-azetidin-3-ylpiperidin-4-ol diacetate (see Method 15 with the exception that the diacetate was used rather than the corresponding dihydrochlorid; 0.28 g, 1.0 mmol) and DIPEA (0.76 g, 5.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred for a few minutes at RT and then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.43 g, 2.0 mmol) was added. The solution was stirred at RT overnight and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and saturated NaHCO; (aq). The phases were separated and the aqueous solution was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic ,s solutions were washed with water, dried over Na,SO, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was purified by flash chromatography using a mixture of methanol and CH,Cl, as eluent. The product was dissolved in a mixture of water and acetonitrile and the solution was then freeze-dried. There was obtained 0.32 g (60 %) of the title compound as a white solid. "H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4-3.8 (cm, 24H), 6.8- 7.5 (cm, 6H), 7.9 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 576 M+1)™.

Example 22 3,5-Dichloro-N-[(28)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl )butyl]-N- methylbenzamide @! jas anes

ER

F

3,5-Dichloro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl}-N-methylbenzamide (see Method 21; 146 mg, 0.40 mmol) was dissolved in CH;Cl; (8 mL) and to the resultant solution were added 4-azetidin-3-ylmorpholine dihydrochloride (see WO 00/63168; 62 mg, 0.44 mmol) and DIPEA (179 mg, 1.39 mmol) together with 5 drops of acetic acid. The mixture was stirred for 25 minutes and then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (118 mg, 0.55 mmol) was 1s added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and saturated NaHCO; aq. The phases were separated and the aqueous solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic solutions were dried over MgSO, and the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel using a mixture of methanol 2» and CH,C), as eluent (gradient O to 20 % methanol). There was obtained 124 mg (63 %) of the title compound as an oil. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 1.4-1.8 (cm, 2H), 2.2-3.8 (cm, 21H), 6.7 (s, 1H), 6.8-7.2 (m, 5H), 7.3 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 494 (M+1) *

The material was shown to be 95 % optically pure (enantiomeric excess) by analytical »s chiral HPLC (Chirobiotic V, 250 x 4.6 mm) using a mixture of methanol, triethylamine and acetic acid (100/0.1/0.05) as mobile phase.

Examples 23-39

The following compounds, which are tabulated below, were synthesized in an analogous way to that of Example 18, Example 19, Example 20, Example 21 and Example 22 using s the appropriate amine and aldehyde intermediates (see below): 3-Cyano-N-[(2S5)-2-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide acetate (Ex 23), 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- yD)butyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide acetate (Ex 24), 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro [4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin-1-yl]butyl }-N-methyl-1- naphthamide diacetate, (Ex 25), 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl]butyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide diacetate (Ex 26), 3-

Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl}-N-methyl-1- naphthamide (Ex 27), 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- yl)butyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide acetate (Ex 28), 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3,4- 1s dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholin4-yl)azetidin-1-ylJbutyl} -N-methyl-1- naphthamide acetate (Ex 29), 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4- hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-ylJbutyl }-N-methyl-5,6,7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- carboxamide (Ex 30), 3-Cyano-N-ethyl-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4- ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide (Ex 31), 3-Cyano-N- [(25)-4-[3-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin-1-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)butyl])-N- methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide (Ex 32), 3-cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4- fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide (Ex 33), 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(1 4-oxazepan-4-yl)azetidin-1-yl}butyl }-N- methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide (Ex 34), 3-Fluoro-N-[(25)-2-(4- fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methy!-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide acetate (Ex 35), 3,5 -Dibromo-N-{(2S5)-2-(4- fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl]butyl }-N-methylbenzamide (Ex 36), 3-Bromo-N- [(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin- 1-yDbutyl]-5-iodo-

N-methylbenzamide dihydrochloride (Ex 37), 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4- (3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- carboxamide dihydrochloride (Ex 38), 6-Cyano-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3- morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl}-N-methylindane-4-carboxamide (Ex 39).

The syntheses of the amine and aldehyde intermediates used in the examples below are described in the following referred Methods (Meth) or in the following cited documents:

Ex 23 (see WO 00/63168 and WO 00/02859), Ex 24 (see WO 96/05193 and WO s 00/02859), Ex 25 (see Meth 13 and WO 00/02859), Ex 26 (see Meth 15 and WO 00/02859), Ex 27 (see WO 96/05193 and Meth 17), Ex 28 (see WO 96/05193 and Meth 18), Ex 29 (see Meth 14 and WO 00/02859), Ex 30 (see Meth 15 and Meth 19), Ex 31 (see

WO 00/63168 and Meth 22), Ex 32 (see Meth 13 and Meth 19), Ex 33 (see WO 00/63168 and Meth 23), Ex 34 (see WO 96/05193 and Meth 19), Ex 35 (see WO 00/63168 and Meth 28), Ex 36 (see Meth 15 and Meth 24), Ex 37 (see WO 00/63168 and Meth 25), Ex 38 (see

WO 00/63168 and Meth 26) and Ex 39 (see WO 00/63168 and Meth 27). [Comp [HR [rows [vin ~N (500 MHz, 551 35% ! 0 ) CDCl): 1.2-2.2 M+)?

Th, (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s, a! ( 3H), 2.2-5.0 (cm,

HOA 1 a ON 21H), 6.57.0

Cl (cm, 1H), 7.2-8.0 (cm, 7H), 8.2 (d, 1H) sY (400 MHz, 567 51%

LUN 0 ® DMSO-dg): 1.2- | M+)" apa ts 2.2 (cm, 3H), 1.90 (0 (s, 3H), 2.34.5 + HOA 4 o ON (cm, 21H), 6.4-

Ci 7.3 (cm, 2H), 7.4 (dd, 1H), 7.5-7.8 (cm, 4H), 8.0-8.2 (m, 1H), 8.6 (d, 1H)

C (400 MHz, 607 78%

A) o CDsOD): 14-20 | M+)?

Cory (cm, 3H), 1.6-1.8 @® (m, 4H), 1.9 (5, - 2 HOAc a &N 6H), 2.3-4.0 (cm, 1 20H), 6.4-7.2 (m, 2H), 7.4-7.8 (m, 5H), 8.0-8.1 (m, 1H), 8.4 (d, 1H)

HO. (400 MHz, 565 14% @ 0 @® CD;OD): 1.4-2.4 | M+1)”

ARP Sar] (cm, 16H), 2.5- .- ) 2.9 (cm, SH), 3.0- . 2HOAc <u CN 4.1 (cm, 9H), 6.5- cl 7.8 (cm, 7H), 8.0-- 8.1 (m, 1H), 8.4 (d, 1H) 27 “~~ (400 MHz, 517 94%

TA 0 ® CDCL): 1.4-3.5 | (M+1)”" put N (cm, 22H), 3.8- () 4.4 (cm, 1H), 6.4-

CN 8.0 (cm, 8H), 8.2

F (s, 1H) “~~ (400 MHz, 524 52% @ 0 @® CDChL): 1.222 | (M+)?

Oh oe] (cm, 3H), 2.1 (s, @ 3H), 2.44.4 (cm, + HoAe re) EN 20H), 6.6-7.8

CN (cm, 8H), 7.9 (d, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H)

Q (400 MHz, oT) . DMSO-de): 1.2-

Rr Sas] 1.9 (cm, 3H), 1.9

HL @® (s, 3H), 2.0-4.8 - HOAc QL. Ls (cm, 20H), 6.4- a 7.8 (cm, TH), 8.0- 8.2 (m, 1H), 8.6 (d, 1H)

HO (500 MHz, 519 63% \@ CDCh): 1.54.1 | M+)”

Choy (cm, 33H), 6.0- ! 7.4 (cm, 6H)

J CN

E

@ (500 MHz, 519 38% “NO CDCly): 0.94.1 | M+D?

Non (cm, 33H), 6.0-

AN 7.4 (cm, 6H)

O°,

E

0 (400 MHz, 561 52% 0 N CDCl): 1.44.1 | (M+1)*

PA (cm, 35H), 6.1- i | 7.4 (cm, 6H)

SH: :

“~ (400 MHz, 501 | 61% [SN CDCl): 1244 | (M+D)* ind OC) (cm, 23H), 6.4- 8.0 (cm, 9H), 8.2

J oN (s. 1H)

L

= (500 MHz, 519 | 41% (A CDCh): 1242 | M+1)Y

Dhan (cm, 33H), 6.0 (5)

J | and 6.6-7.4 (cm,

CN 6H)

L

@ (500 MHz, 298 | 35% "1 DMSO-dg): 1.3- | (M+1)* ing gi | hd 4.1 (cm, 34H), 5.6 . HOAc J (d), 6.2 (s) and il y F 6.6-7.4 (cm, 6H)

HO (500 MHz, 598 10%

Th CDCl): 1.5-38 | (M+)?

YN B | (cm, 25H), 6.2- av 7.3 (cm, 6H), 7.6

J Br (s, 1H)

L

~ (500 MHz, 631 34% [SAN CDsOD): 1.82.2 | M+1)”*

Ty (cm, 2H), 2.84.8 . 2 HCI (cm, 21), 6.9-7.5

J Br (cm, 6H), 8.0 (4,

F -

“~~ (300 MHz, D;0): | 519 59% [SN 1.4-4.4 (cm, M+)?

N 34H), 5.8 (5) and . 2 HC Ly 6.8-7.5 (cm, SH)

F

~N (400 MHz, 491 75% [SN CDCl): 12-40 | M+1)* dd (cm, 29H), 6.8- 7.2 (cm, 3H), 7.2-

CN 7.3 (m, 2H), 7.5 ' «d, 15)

Example 40 3-Cyano-N-{(28).2-(3 4 dichloropheny])-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-L: yllbutyl}-N-methyl-1 -naphthamide diacetate

Os

He

NNN

: | () - 2HOAc

SN CN

Cl 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutyI-N- methyl-1-naphthamide acetate (sec Example 24; 127 mg, 0.20 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid (10 mL) and to the resultant solution was added hydrogen peroxide (0.04 mL of 30% aqueous solution, 0.35 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 days then diluted with water. The solvent was removed by lyophilising the mixture to give aresidue, which was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate ag. There was obtained 52 mg (35%) of the title compound as a white solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-ds): 1.2-2.2 (m, 3H), 1.9 (s, 3H), 2.3-3.6 (m, 20H), 4.4 (c m, 1H), 6.4-7.6 (m, 2H), 7.4 (dd, 1H), 7.6-8.2 (5H), 8.6 (d, 1H);

LCMS: m/z 583 (M+1)™.

Example 41 3-Cyano-N-{2-( 4-cyanophenyl)-4-[3-( 1-oxidothiomorpholi n-4-yl)azetidin-1-yllbutyl}-N- methyl-1-naphthamide acetate

Os

Toh o @® - HOAc re) CN

CN

3.Cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl-N-methyl-1- naphthamide acetate (see Example 28; 60 mg, 0.10 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of acetonitrile (3 mL) and CHCl, (1 mL) and to the resultant solution was added a catalytic amount of FeCl, with cooling. The mixture was stirred for 5 min and then periodic acid (26 mg, 0.11 mmol) was added whereupon stirring was continued overnight at 0°C. Another catalytic amount of FeCls as well as an additional portion of periodic acid (26 mg, 0.11 s mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 2 h and then quenched by addition of Na,S,03. The mixture was extracted thrice with CH2Cl and the organics washed twice with water and then dried over Na,SO;. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the product was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a i mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. There was obtained 25 mg (41%) of the title compound as a pale yellow solid. HH NMR: (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4-2.0 (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s, 3H), 2.1-4.3 (cm, 20H), 6.4-8.0 (cm, 9H), 8.2 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 540 (M+1)".

Examples 42-47

The following compounds, which are tabulated below, were synthesized in an analogous way to that of Example 40 and Example 41 using the appropriate thiomorpholine intermediates (see below): 3,5-Dichloro-N-{ (25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1- oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1-yi butyl }-N-methylbenzamide acetate (Ex 42), N- [(2S)-2-(3 4 Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-oxidothiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin- 1-yhbutyl]-N-methyl- 3.5.-bis(triftuoromethylbenzamide acetate (Ex 43), 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3.4- dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-ylJbutyl}-N-methyl-5,6,7,5 tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide acetate (Ex 44), 3-Cyano-N-{2-(4-flucrophenyl)-4- [3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1-yl]butyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide acetate (Ex 45), 3-cyano-N-{ 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(1 -oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1 -yl]butyl}-

N-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide acetate (Bx 46) and N-{2-(4-

Fluorophenyl)4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1-yllbutyl}-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide acetate (Ex 47).

The syntheses of the thiomorpholine intermediates used in the examples below are described in the following referred Examples: Ex 42 (see Ex 1), Ex 43 (see Ex 4), Ex 44 10 (see Ex 7), Ex 45 (see Ex 27), Ex 46 (see Ex 9) and Ex 47 (see Ex 10).

1 Lc J Lc LS

Ose (300 MHz, 576 1%

LUN CD;OD): 1.6 (6, | M+)” jarsars 1H), 1.8 (b, 1H), 2 | 2.0 (s, 3H), 2.2- . HOAC <u ) 3.8 (cm, 21H), al 6.8-7.6 (cm, 6H)

ON (300 MHz, 644 9% 1 CD;OD): 1.52.0 | (M+1)*

Cry CFs | (cm, 2H), 2.0 (s, : | 3H), 2.2-4.0 (cm, - HOAc

CL. CF, 18H), 6.8-7.8 cl (cm, 5H), 8.1 (s, 1H)

Oss ™ (400 MHz, 587 37% 1 CDCl): 1.444 | M+)?

Cho (cm, 35H), 6.7- . 7.2 (cm, 2H), 7.3 $HoRe CL. oN |G 1H), TAG, cl 1H), 7.5 (d, 1H)

Ox ~ (400 MHz, 533 42%

TA 0 $ CDCL): 14-20 | M+)"

Th N ! (cm, 3H), 2.0 (s, ( 3H), 2.1-4.3 (cm, + HOA CN 20H), 6.4-8.0

F (cm, 9H), 8.2 (s, 1H)

Os “~~ (400 MHz, 537 38%

TA CDCly): 1.42.0 M+)? pet N (cm, 6H), 2.0 (s, & 3H), 2.1-4.0 (cm,

Hoke oN 25H), 6.9-7.4

F (cm, 6H)

Os = (400 MHz, 594 47% 1 CDCl): 1.4-2.0 M+)? hs! N CF3 | (cm, 3H), 2.0 (5, 3H), 2.1-4.4 (cm, + Hoke CF, |21H),67-14

F (cm, 5H), 7.5 (s, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H)

Example 48 3-Cyano-N-{(28 )-2-(3.4-dichiorophenyl)-4-| 3-(4-oxopiperidin-1-yazetidin-1-yl lbutyl}-

N-methyl- 1-naphthamide diacetate 0)

Ug

Ne ~N"N i ® . 2 HOAc <u CN

Cl 3-cyano-N-{ (25)-2-(3 [4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1 4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin- 1-yl1butyl }-N-methyl-1-naphthamide diacetate (see Example 25; 35 mg, 0.058 mmol) was dissolved in a few drops of acetone-water (1:1) and to the resultant solution was added pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate (43 mg, 0.17 mmol). The mixture was subjected to microwave single node heating for 10 min and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was dissolved in CHzCl, and the solution was washed with

NaHCO; aq. then dried over MgSO4. Removal of solvent by evaporation yielded an oil, which was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a mixture of acetonitrile and

0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. There was obtained 35 mg (89%) of the title compound as a white solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD;0D): 1.4-2.2 (cm, 3H), 1.9 (s, 6H), 2.3-4.0 (cm, 20H), 6.4-7.8 (cm, 7H), 8.0-8.2 (cm, 1H), 8.6 (d, 1H); LCMS: m/z 563 M+). s Example 49

The following compound, which is tabulated below, was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Example 48 using the appropriate ketal derivative (see Ex 15): N-{2-(4- fluorophenyl)4-[3-(4-oxopiperidin- 1-yDazetidin-1-yl butyl} -N-methyl-3 J5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide. 1 .. S Lcl R

OO (400 MHz, 574 71% ~ CDCl): 1.5-3.9 m+)?

N N CFs | (cm, 23H), 6.8- 7.6 (cm, 6H), 7.9

CF, (s, 1H)

F

Example 50 3-Cyano-N-{(28)-2 3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-T3-( 4-fluoropiperidin-1-yl )azetidin-1- yllbutyl}-N -methyl-1-naphthamide

F

NNN ou g ~cl CN

Cl

Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (7 mg, 0.044 mmol) was dissolved in dry CH2Clp and cooled with stirring under argon to -65°C. 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3- (4-oxopiperidin-1-yDazetidin-1-ylJbutyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide (Example 26; 40 mg, 0.071 mmol), which was dissolved in dry CH2Clz (0.5 mL), was then added. The external cooling was removed and the solution was stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was quenched by dropping it to a saturated solution of NaHCOs aq. (6 mL). The organic solution was washed with water and then dried over MgSO. The solvent was removed by evaporation and there was obtained 5 mg (12%) of the title compound 2s an oil. TH NMR s (500 MHz, CD;0D): 1.8-2.6 (cm, TH), 2.6-3.3 (cm, TH), 3.4-4.4 (cm, 9H), 5.0-5.3 (cm, 1H), 7.0-8.4 (cm, TH), 8.4-8.6 (m, 1H), 8.9-9.0 (d, 1H); LCMS: m/z 567 (M+1)™.

Example 51

The following compound, which is tabulated below, was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Example 50 using the appropriate alcohol derivative (see Ex 14): 3-Cyano-N-{2- (4 fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin- 1-yDazetidin-1-ylToutyl}-N-methyl-5,6.7.8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide. a iS Ll AL

F (400 MHz, 521 6%

Vg CD;0D): 1.54.2 M+)

N N (cm, 34H), 4.5- HOAG 4 4.8 (m, 1H), 5.8

CN (s), 6.8 (s) and

F 7.0-1.5 (cm, 6H) 1s Example 52 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-( 4-methylpiperazin-1-ylazetidin- 1- ylibutyl \-N-methyl-1-naphthamide

SN

LUN ® Cd aa i: | ( - HOAc

QL

Cl

1-[(35)-4-[(3-Cyano-1-naphthoyl)(methyl)amino}-3-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)butyl] azetidin-3- yl methanesulfonate (Method 16; 87 mg, 0.16 mmol) and 1-methylpiperazine (1mL, 9.0 mmol) were dissolved in CHCl; (1.5 mL) and the resultant mixture was subjected to microwave single node heating for 5 minutes. The solvent was removed by evaporation s and the product was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. There was obtained 5 mg (5%) of the title compound as a white solid. IH NMR: (500 MHz, CD;0D): 1.2-4.0 (cm, 29H), 6.5-8.0 (cm, 8H), 8.4 (d, 1H); LCMS: m/z 564 (M+1)".

Examples 53-54

The following compounds, which are tabulated below, were synthesized in an analogous way to that of Example 52 using the appropriate amine and mesylate intermediates (see below): N-[(25)4-[3-(4-Acetylpiperazin-1-yDazetidin-1-y1]-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)butyl]- 3.cyano-N-methyl-1-naphthamide acetate (Ex 53), 3-Cyano-N-{(25)-4-[3-(4- cyanopiperidin-1-ylazetidin-1-yl]-2-(3,4-dichlorophenylbutyl]-N-methy}- 1-naphthamide acetate (Ex 54).

The syntheses of the amine and methanesulfonate intermediates used in the examples below are described in the following referred Methods (Meth) or in the following cited »0 documents: Ex 53 (see WO 96/05193 and Meth 16) and Ex 54 (see Synth Commun; 1990; 1757-1767 and Meth 16).

Ce I KL Ll hi

A (500 MHz, 592 3% 02 NY CD:OD): 1.238 | M+1)*

SN (cm, 29H), 6.4- c ® 7.8 (cm, TH), 7.9 . HOAG | r |s0m 1,83

L cl 8.4 (d, 1H)

NC 574 3% @ 0 C M+)? - HOAc AL cl CN

Cl

Preparation of starting materials

The starting materials for the examples above are either commercially available or are readily prepared by standard methods from known materials. For example, the following s reactions are an illustration, but not a limitation, of some of the starting materials.

Method 1 [(285)-2-(3.4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-( 3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl Jmethylamine dihydrochloride & ha NH i - 2 HCI

SN cl (a) 4-[1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl] thiomorpholine

A mixture of 1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl methanesulfonate (see J. Org. Chem.; 56; 1991; 6729; 10 g, 31.5 mmol), thiomorpholine (3.9 g, 38 mmol) and DIPEA (4.9 g, 38 mmol) was refluxed overnight. The volatiles were removed by evaporation and the residue was partitioned between CH,Cl, and NaHCO; aq. The organic layer was washed twice with NaHCO3 ag. and then extracted with an aqueous solution of citric acid (3x70 mL. of 1M). The aqueous layer was cooled and then pH adjusted with aqueous NaHCO; and then 2M NaOH aq. The mixture was extracted with a mixture of CH,Cl,-EtOAc-ethanol and the organic solution was dried over MgSO, and then removed by evaporation. There was obtained 9.3 g (91%) of 4-[1-(diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yllthiomorpholine as a pale yellow solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 2.5 (m, 4H), 2.7 (m, 4H), 2.8 (t, 2H), 3.0 (qn, 1H), 3.4 (m, 2H), 4.4 (s, 1H), 7.1-7.4 (m, 10H); LCMS: m/z 325 M+1)™". (b) 4-Azetidin-3-ylthiomorpholine dihydrochloride 4-[1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yljthiomorpholine (1.0g,31 mmol) was dissolved in

CH,Cl, under nitrogen and stirred at 0°C during the addition of 1-chloroethyl chloroformate (1.3 g, 9.2 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 90 min and then methanol (1 mL) was added. The solution was refluxed for 20 min and the solvent was removed by evaporation. To the residue was added acetone (10 mL) followed by isopropanol (10 mL) and the mixture was then refluxed for 30 min and thea placed at room temperature overnight. The mixture was cooled and the precipitate was collected by filtration. There was obtained 250 mg (51%) of 4-azetidin-3-ylthiomorpholine dihydrochloride as a pale brown solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-dg): 2.4-3.8 (cm, 8H), 4.0 (b, 2H), 4.3 (m, 1H), 4.5 (b, 2H) 9.2 (b, 1H), 10.4 (b, 1H). (c) tert-Butyl [( 25)-2-( 3,4-dichlorophenyl )-4-( 3.thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1 - yl)butyl Imethylcarbamate tert-Butyl [(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-oxobutylJmethylcarbamate (see WO 95/05377; 610 mg, 1.8 mmol) was dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane (20 mL) and to the resultant ,0 solution was added 4-azetidin-3-ylthiomorpholine hydrochloride (430 mg, 1.9 mmol) followed by the addition of sodium triacetoxyborohydride (480 mg, 2.2 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 h and then triethylamine (0.73 mL, 5.2 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h and then partitioned between

CHC), and NaHCO; aq. The organic layer was washed with water and the combined 5 organic solutions were dried over MgSO. The solvent was removed by evaporation to yield an oil, which was chromatographed on 2 reversed phase column using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. The appropriate fractions were extracted with ether. The organic solution was dried over MgSO, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. There was obtained 266 mg (31%) of tert-butyl [(28)-2-(3.4-dichlorophenyl)- 4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutylJmethylcarbamate as an oil. 'H NMR (400

MHz, CDCl): 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.5-3.5 (c m, 23H), 7.0 (dd, 1H), 73 (d, 1H), 7.4 (4, 1H);

LCMS: m/z 488 (M+1) *,

(d) [(2S)-2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-( 3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1 -yl)butyl]methylamine dihydrochloride tert-Butyl [(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4~(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- 5s yl)butyljmethylcarbamate (260 mg, 0.53 mmol) was dissolved in ether (15 mL) and stirred during the dropwise addition of HCl (15 mL of 4M dioxane solution). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and then the solvent was removed by evaporation.

There was obtained 270 mg (100%) of [(25)-2-(3,A-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4- ylazetidin-1-yl)butyljmethylamine dihydrochloride as a white solid. 'H NMR (300 MHz,

CD,0D): 1.9-2.2 (b, 2H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 3.0-4.8 (cm, 19H), 7.4 (d, 1H), 7.6 (m, 2H); LCMS: m/z 388 (M+1)*.

Method 2 {(28)-2-(3 4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-( 1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-yDazetidin-1- is yllbutyl}methylamine diacetate

Ox ~~

A

Dh « 2HOAc 3 , @] [(25)-2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutylmethylamine hydrochloride (see Method 1; 270 mg, 0.54 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid and to the resultant solution was added hydrogen peroxide (0.05 mL of 35% aqueous solution, 0.54 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 h and the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was dissolved in ethanol (50 mL) and to the resultant solution was added MP-Carbonate resin (0.86 g of 3.18 mmol/g polymer-bound resin). The mixture was stirred for 30 min and then filtered whereupon the solvent was removed by evaporation. The product was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a mixture sof acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate ag. There was obtained 140 mg (49%) of {(28)-2-33 4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(1-oxidothiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- yllbutyl }methylamine diacetate. '"H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.6-1.8 (m, 2H), 1.9 (s, 6H),

2.3-2.4 (m, 1H), 2.4-2.5 (m, TH), 2.7-3.0 (m, 10H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 3.6 (m, 2H), 7.0 (dd, 1H), 7.2 (d, 1H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 8.2 (5, 2H); LCMS: m/z 404 M+1)™.

Method 3 -(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yhbutyllmethylamine hydrochloride @ pw? " « HCI re)

F

(a) tert-Busyl [ 2-(4-fluorophenyl )pent-4-en-1-yl Imethylcarbamate [2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylamine (see Method 17b; 11.2 g, 190 mmol) was dissolved in THF (350 mL) and to the solution was added triethylamine (8.7 mi, 100 mmol). The mixture was cooled by an external ice-bath and di-tert-butyldicarbonate (15 g, 218 mmol) was added. The jce-bath was removed and the reaction mixture was allowed to reach room temperature and then stirred overnight. Ether was added and the mixture was washed with water. The organic layer was dried (MgSOs) and the solvent removed by 1s evaporation. There was obtained 16.5g (29%) of tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1- yllmethylcarbamate as a yellow solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4 (5, 9H), 2.2-2.4 (m, 2H), 2.5-2.7 (cm, 3H), 2.8-3.8 (cm, 3H), 4.8-5.0 (cm, 2H), 5.5-5.7 (m, 1H), 6.9 (t, 2H), 7.1 (b, 2H). (@®) 1 [(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino]-1,2,3-rideoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pentitol tert-Butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylcarbamate (17.0 g, 57.9 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of acetone, t-butanol and water (190 mL, 2:1:1). 0s04 (3m, 2.5% t- butanol solution) was added at room temperature and after stirring for 10 minutes, NMO (27.1 g, 231 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred overnight and then the reaction ,s mixture was quenched by adding an aqueous solution of 20% sodium bisulfite. The mixture was stirred for 15 min and then diluted with water. The solution was extracted with CH;C}, and the organic extract was washed with brine, dried and concentrated on a rotavapor. There was obtained 19.4 g (100%) of crude 1-[(tert- butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino}-1,2,3-trideoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pentitol as an oil. 'H

NMR (400 MHz, CDCls): 1.3 (s, 9H), 1.4-1.8 (cm, 2H), 2.0-3.6 (cm, 11H), 6.9 (t, 2H), 7.1 s (b,2H). (c) tert-Butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutylJmethylcarbamate 1-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino}-1,2,3-trideoxy-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pentitol (194g, 59.2 mmo) was dissolved in a mixture of THF and water (3:1) and to the solution was added NalOy (17.7 g, 82.9 mmol). After stirring for 6 h the reaction mixture was diluted with water and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extract was washed with brine, dried and concentrated on a rotavapor. There was obtained tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]methylcarbamate as a yellow oil. °C NMR (100 MHz,

CDCls): 28.4 (5), 35.1 (d), 38 (m), 47.3 (d), 54.6 (d), 79.8 (s), 115.7 (d), 129.4 (d), 137.2 (s), 155.8 (m), 160.7 (s), 163.2 (s), 200.6 (d). (d) tert-Butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-( 3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- yl)butylJmethylcarbamate tert-Butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]methylcarbamate (0.50 g, 1.7 mmol) and 4- azetidin-3-ylthiomorpholine dihydrochloride (0.45 g, 2.0 mmol) were dissolved in methanol (30 mL). A methanolic solution (15 mL) of sodium cyano borohydride (0.71 g, 11.2 mmol) and zinc chloride (0.77 g, 5.6 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred for 1 h at room temperature. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue was partitioned between a saturated solution of NaHCOg aq and ethyl acetate. The organic 2s solution was separated and the solvent was evaporated. The product was purified by reversed phase chromatography using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1 M ammonium acetate aq. There was obtained 350 mg (41%) of tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3- thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butylJmethylcarbamate as a pale yellow oil. 'H NMR (500

MHz, CDCl): 1.3 (s, 9H), 1.6-1.7 (m, 2H), 2.0 (s, 1H), 2.3-2.7 (m, 12H), 2.8-3.6 (m, 6H), 0 3.6-3.7 (m, 2H), 6.9-7.1 (m, 4H), 10.2-10.4 (b,1H); LCMS: m/z 438 M+1)".

(€) 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3 -thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl] methylamine hydrochloride tert-Butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- yl)butyllmethylcarbamate (0.27 g, 0.62 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of HCl and s dioxane (4M HCI in dioxane). The solution was stirred overnight at room temperature and then the volatiles were removed by evaporation. There was obtained 0.26 g (100%) of 2- (4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDhbutyljmethylamine hydrochloride as a solid. "H NMR (400 MHz, CD;0D): 1.8-2.1 (2H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 2.9-4.6 (m, 18H), 7.2 (t, 2H), 7.4 (m, 2H); LCMS: m/z 338 (M+1)*.

Method 4 [(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl )butyllmethylamine dihydrochloride @

Oh i + 2 HCI J

F

1s (a) tert-Butyl [(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)peni-4-en-1 -yl]methylcarbamate [(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylamine (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett; 2001; 265 - 270; 1.19 g, 6.16 mmol) was dissolved in THE (50 mL) and to the solution was added triethylamine (0.69 g, 6.7 mmol). The mixture was cooled by an external ice-bath and then di-tert-butyldicarbonate (1.6 g, 7.4 mmol) was added. The ice-bath was removed and the reaction mixture was allowed to reach room temperature and then stirred for 5 h.

Ether was added and the mixture was washed twice with water. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed by evaporation. There was obtained 2 g (100%) of tert-butyl [(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-ylmethylcarbamate as a solid. '"H NMR 2s (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4 (s, 9H), 2.3-2.4 (m, 2H), 2.8-3.6 (cm, 6H), 4.9-5.0 (cm, 2H), 5.6- 5.7 (m, 1H), 7.0 (m, 2H), 7.1 (b, 2H).

(b) tert-Butyl [ (25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutylJmethylcarbamate tert-Butyl [(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylcarbamate (1.8 g, 6.1 mmol) was s dissolved in a mixture of acetone (32 mL), terz-butanol (16 mL) and water (8 mL). The solution was stirred at room temperature during addition of OsO4 (0.64 mL of 2.5% in tert- butanol, 0.06 mmol) and 4-methylmorpholine N-oxide (3.2 g, 27 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h.

A saturated aqueous solution of sodium bisulfite (60 mL) was added and the mixture stirred for 20 min and then diluted with water (100 mL).

1 The solution was extracted twice with CH,Cl and the combined organic solutions were washed with brine.

The solvent removed by evaporation and the residue (2.4 g) was dissolved in a mixture of THF (28 mL) and water (12 mL) whereupon sodium periodate (1.44 g, 6.7 mmol) was added.

The solution was stirred at room temperature for 4.5 h and then diluted with water and brine.

The mixture was extracted twice with CHCl, and the

15s combined organic solutions were dried over MgSO.

The solvent was removed by evaporation and there was obtained 1.58 g (87%) of tert-butyl [(2S)-2-(4~fluorophenyl)-4- oxobutyljmethylcarbamate. '"H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl): 1.4 (s, 9H), 2.6-2.8 (m, 5H), 3.2- 3.6 (cm, 3H), 7.0 (m, 2H), 7.1 (b, 2H), 9.7 (s, 1H).

(c) tert-Butyl [i (285)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1- yl )busyl Imethylcarbamate tert-Butyl [(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutylJmethylcarbamate (1.57 g, 5.3 mmol) and 4- azetidin-3-ylmorpholine (0.83 g, 5.8 mmol) were dissolved in CH,Cl, (60 mL) together 2s with DIPEA (1.4 g, 10.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 20 min and then sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.6 g, 7.4 mmol) was added.

The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 h and then the solvent was removed by evaporation.

The residue was partitioned between an aqueous solution of NaHCO3 and ethyl acetate.

The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic solution was dried over MgSO, and then 3 removed by evaporation.

The product was chromatographed on a silica gel using a mixture of methanol and CH;Cl; (5%-20% methanol) and there was obtained 440 mg (20%) tert- butyl [(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyljmethylcarbamate as an oil. "H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.3 (s, 9H), 1.4-1.6 (m, 2H), 2.1-2.3 (b, 5H), 2.5- 3.8 (cm, 16H), 6.9 (t, 2H), 7.0-7.1 (b, 2H); LCMS: m/z 422 M+1)*. (d) [(2S)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-( 3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl )butyl]methylamine s dihydrochloride tert-Butyl[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yDbutyl}- methylcarbamate (0.44 g, 1.04 mmol) was dissolved in a HCl-saturated solution of ethyl acetate. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. There was obtained 450 mg of [(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3- morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyllmethylamine dihydrochloride as a foam. 'H NMR (500

MHz, CD;0D): 2.0 (m, 1H), 2.2 (m, 1H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 3.0-5.0 (cm, 18H), 7.2 (t, 2H), 7.5 (t, 2H); LCMS: m/z 322 M+1)*.

Method 5 1-{1-[3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-( methylamino)butyllazetidin-3-yl } piperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride

HO

Th

N NH

« 2 HCI

F

(a) tert-Butyl {2-(4-fluoropheny! )4-{3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl )azetidin-1- ylJbutyl}methylcarbamate

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3d but using 1- azetidin-3-ylpiperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride (see Meth 15) rather than 4-azetidin-3- yithiomorpholine dihydrochloride (yield, 69%). 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.4-3.8 (cm, 25H), 7.0 (t, 2H), 7.0-7.2 (b, 2H), LCMS: m/z 436 (M+1) *,

() 1-{1-[3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(methylamino )butyl]azetidin-3-yl Jpiperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3e but using 1 tert- butyl {2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4- [3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1 -yl)azetidin-1-yl]buty] }- methylcarbamate rather than tert-butyl [2-(4-fluoropheny})-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4- ylazetidin-1-yl)butylJmethylcarbamate (yield, 98%). 11 NMR (400 MHz, CD;0D): 1.8-2.2 (b, 6H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 3.0-4.8 (m, 15H), 7.0-7.2 (m, 2H), 7.3-7.4 (m, 2H). LCMS: m/z 336

M+.

Method 6 [4-[3-(1.4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5 |dec-8-ylazetidin-1-y1]-2-(4- fluorophenyl)butyllmethylamine triflate oO ~~

N NH

F

(a) tert-Butyl [4-[3-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5 Jdec-8-yl)azetidin-1-yl]-2-(4- 1s fluorophenyl)butyl]methylcarbamate

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3d but using 8- azetidin-3-yl-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5)decane hydrochloride (see Meth 13) rather than 4- azetidin-3-yithiomorpholine dihydrochloride (yield, 70%). 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.4-3.6 (cm, 25H), 3.9-4.0 (m, 2H), 6.9-7.0 (t, 2H), 7.1-7.2 (b, 2H), LCMS: 0 mz478 M+)". ®) [4-[3-(1,4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin-1-yl] -2-(4- fluorophenyl)butyl]methylamine triflate

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3e but using tert- butyl {2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1-

yi]butyl }methylcarbamate and trifluoroacetic acid rather than tert-butyl [2-(4- fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin- 1-yl)butyljmethylcarbamate and HCl (vield, 100%). LCMS: m/z 378 M+).

Method 7 {(28)-2-(3 4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-yhazetidin-1- ylTbutyl }methylamine dihydrochloride

F

&

Pe « 2 HCI §

Ci

Cl (a) tert-Butyl {(25)-2-( 3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-( 4-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1- yl]butyl}methylcarbamate

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3d but using 1- azetidin-3-yl-4-fluoropiperidine dihydrochloride (see WO 97/27185) and tert-butyl {(25)- 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-oxobutyljmethylcarbamate (see WO 95/05377) rather than 4- azetidin-3-ylthiomorpholine dihydrochloride and tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4- oxobutyl)methylcarbamate (yield, 13%). IH NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 1.3 (s, 9H), 1.5-3.6 (cm, 23H), 4.6-4.8 (bd, 1H), 6.9-7.1 (dd, 1H), 7.2 (m, 1H), 7.4 (d, 1H), LCMS: m/z 489

M+1) (b) {(2S)-2-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-( 4-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1- ylJbutyljmethylamine dihydrochloride

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3e but using tert- butyl ((285)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1- yl]butyl }methylcarbamate rather than tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4- ylazetidin-1-yl)butylJmethylcarbamate (yield, 100%). 'H NMR (500 MHz, CD;0D): 1.9- 2s 2.4 (m, 6H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 3.1-5.1 (cm, 15H), 74 (d, 1H), 7.7 (m, 2H), LCMS: m/z 389

M+1)".

Method 8 1-{ 1-[(35)-3-(3 4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-(methylamino)bu 1]azetidin-3-y]} piperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride

HO

The

Cl

Cl (a) tert-Butyl {(2S)-2-( 3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-( 4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl )azetidin-1- yl]butyl}methylcarbamate

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3d but using 1- azetidin-3-ylpiperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride (see Meth 15) and tert-butyl [(25)-2-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4-oxobutylJmethylcarbamate (see WO 95/05377) rather than 4-azetidin-3- ylthiomorpholine dihydrochloride and tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4- oxobutyllmethylcarbamate (yield, 35%). 'H NMR (500 MHz, CDCls): 1.3 (m, 2H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.5-3.8 (cm, 23H), 7.0 (dd, 1H), 7.2-7.4 (m, 2H), LCMS: m/z 487 (M+1) * (by 1-{1-[(3S)-3( 3,4-Dichloropheny! )-4-(methylamino)butyl] azetidin-3-yl )piperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 3e but using tert- butyl {(25)-2-(3 ,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin- 1-yl)azetidin-1- yljbutyl}methylcarbamate rather than tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-thiomorpholin-4- ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]methylcarbamate (yield, 100%). 'H NMR (500 MHz, CD;0D): 1.8- 2.2 (m, 6H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 3.2-4.8 (cm, 17H), 7.4 (dd, 1H), 7.6-7.7 (m, 2H), LCMS: m/z 387

M+) *.

Method 9 5-Cyano-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxylic acid

HO 1 ; ’ CN (a) Ethyl 5-cyano-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxylate

N-[2-cyano-3-(dimethylamino)prop-2-en-1-ylidene]-N-methylmethanaminium perchlorate (see Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun.; 32: 5; 1967; 1704; 5.84 g, 23.2 mmol) and ethyl 2- thienylacetate (3.95 g, 23.2 mmol) were mixed with quinoline (117 mL) at 0°C. Sodium ethoxide (1.97 g, 27.9 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 min and then at room temperature for 15 min. The reaction mixture was heated to 75°C under nitrogen for 5 h and then cooled to 0°C. Hydrochloric acid (200 mL of 2 M aqueous solution) was added and the mixture extracted thrice with chloroform. The organic solution was washed with brine and then dried over Na;SO,. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue flash chromatographed on silica gel (hexane-ethyl acetate, 8:1). There was obtained 2.3 g (43%) of ethyl 5-cyano-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxylate as a pale yellow solid. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDCh): 1.5 (t, 3H), 4.5 (qt, 2H), 7.5 (d, 1H), 7.7 (d, 1H), 8.3 (m, 2H). () 5-Cyano-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxylic acid

Ethyl 5-cyano-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxylate (5.6 g, 24.3 mmol) was dissolved THF (96 mL) and to the resultant solution was added an aqueous solution of NaOH (1.07 g of

NaOH in 14 mL of water, 26.7 mmol) at 0°C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then most of the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was dissolved in an aqueous solution of NaOH (0.1 M). The solution was washed thrice with chloroform, acidified with 2M HCI and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic 2s solution was separated and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was flash chromatographed on silica gel (CH,Cl,-MeOH-NH,OH, 8:2:0.5). There was obtained 4.3 g (85%) of 5-cyano-1-benzothiophene-7-carboxylic acid as a tan solid. 'H NMR (500 MHz,

DMSO-dg): 7.7 (d, 1H), 8.1 (d, 2H), 8.3 (d, 1H), 8.7 (s, 1H, 14 (b, 1H); LCMS: m/z 202

M-1)".

Method 10 7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1.4-benzodioxine-5-carboxylic acid

Te av ©

Cl 5s (a) 5-Chloro-2, 3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde 5-Chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (see J. Org. Chem. 56; 1991; 5451; 20.0 g, 107 mmol) was suspended in hydrobromic acid (100 mL of 47 % in water). The mixture was refluxed for 6 h and then cooled to room temperature before dilution with water (300 mL). The formed precipitate was collected by filtration and then washed with water. After air drying, the solid material was purified by soaking with CH,Clz (4 x 150 mL). There was obtained 6.0 g (32 %) of 5-chloro-2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde as a solid. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 5.7 (s, 1H), 7.1 (d, 1H), 7.2 (d, 1H), 9.8 (s, 1H), 11.0 (s, 1H). (b) 7-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carbaldehyde is 5-Chloro-2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (6.0 g, 34.7 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (100 mL) and to the solution were added 1,2-dibromoethane (8.0 g, 42.5 mmol) and potassium carbonate (10.0 g, 70 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 100°C for one hour, cooled to room temperature and then diluted with water (200 mL). After extraction twice with ethyl acetate (200 mL) the combined organic solutions were washed with brine and then dried x over Na, SOs. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the solid residue treated with methanol. After filtration and drying there was obtained 6.5 g (94 %) of 7-chloro-2,3- dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carbaldehyde. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl;): 4.3-4.4 (m, 4H), 7.1 (d, 1H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 10.3 (s, 1H). 2s (c) 7.Chloro-2, 3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carboxylic acid 1-Chloro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carbaldehyde (6.25 g, 31.4 mmol) was dissolved in acetone (150 mL) and the solution was then cooled to 5°C. A solution of CrOs in sulfuric acid (4 M in 4 M HoSOq, 12.5 mL, 50 mmol) was added dropwise over 2 min and the mixture was refluxed for 30 min. Water (150 mL) was added and then most of the acetone was removed by evaporation. The mixture was extracted with ether (150 mL) and the organic solution was then extracted with a solution of NaOH (0.5 M, 150 mL). The s aqueous solution was acidified with 2 M hydrochloric acid and then extracted with ether (150 mL). The organic solution was washed with brine and dried over Na,SO;. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue treated with CHzClp. After filtration and drying there was obtained 5.2 g (77 %) of 7chloro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5- carboxylic acid. IH NMR (400 MHz, acetone-dg): 4.3-4.4 (m, 4H), 7.1 (d, 1H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 11-12 (b, 1H). :

Method 11 3.Cvyano-1-naphthoyl chloride cl ®

CN

1s 3-Cyano-1-naphthoic acid (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001, 2769; 1.1 8,5.6 mmol) was slurried in CHzClz (10 mL) and then oxalyl chloride was added with stirring. A drop of DMF was added and the mixture stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen.

The solvent was removed by evaporation and there was obtained 1.2 g (100%) of 3-cyano- 1-naphthoyl chloride as a pale yellow solid. 14 NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 7.7-7.8 (m, 1H), sn 7.87.9 (m, 1H), 8.0-8.1 (m, 1H), 8.5 (s, 1H), 8.7 (s, 1H), 8.8 (d, 1H).

Method 12 1-Azetidin-3-ylpyrrolidin-3-ol dihydrochloride

LI

N

- 2HCI H ss (a) 1-[1( Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl pyrrolidin-3-ol

1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl methanesulfonate (see J. Org. Chem.; 56; 1991; 6729; 310 mg, 0.98 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (3.5 mL). Pyrrolidin-3-ol (104 mg, 1.2 mmol) and triethylamine (124 mg, 1.2 mmol) were added and the mixture was subjected to microwave single node heating for 10 minutes. The solvent was removed by evaporation s and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate. The solution was washed with water, dried over MgSO, and then the solvent was evaporated. There was obtained 280 mg (93%) of 1- [1-(diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl}pyrrolidin-3-ol as an oil. '"H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl5): 1.6-1.8 (m, 1H), 2.1-2.3 (m, 2H), 2.4-2.6 (m, 2H), 2.6-2.8 (m, 1H), 2.9-3.0 (m, 2H), 3.1-3.2 (m, 1H), 3.3-3.4 (m, 2H), 4.3 (m, 1H), 4.4 (s, 1H), 7.1-7.5 (m, 10H); LCMS: m/z 309 nw M+ (b) 1-Azetidin-3-ylpyrrolidin-3-ol 1-[1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yljpyrrolidin-3-ol (310 mg, 0.98 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (20 mL). A mixture of palladium hydroxide on carbon and palladium on activated is carbon was added and to the resultant mixture was then added concentrated HCI (0.1 mL) dropwise. The mixture was stirred under hydrogen (5 atm) at room temperature overnight and then the catalyst was filtered off by means of Celite®. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue triturated with CH,Cl,. There was obtained 154 mg (79%) of 1-azetidin-3-ylpyrrolidin-3-ol dihydrochloride as a solid. 13C NMR (75 MHz, D;0): 48.8 (8), 65.1(s), 67.7 (s), 70.9 (s), 76.2 (s), 85.7 (5); LCMS: m/z 143 (M+1) *

Method 13 8-Azetidin-3-yl-1.4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5)decane hydrochloride 7] a@ ae « HCl Noy (a) 8-[1-(Diphenylmethyl Jazetidin-3-yl]-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5] decane

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to Method 12a but using 1,4-dioxa-8- azaspiro[4.5]decane as starting material rather than pyrrolidin-3-ol (yield, 72%). TH NMR

(400 MHz, CDCl3): 1.6-1.8 (m, 4H), 2.3-2.3 (m, 4H),29 (4, 2H), 3.0 (qn, 1H), 3.4 (, 2H), 3.9 (s, 4H), 4.4 (s, 1H), 7.1-1.5 (m, 10H); LCMS: m/z 365 M+) (b) 8-Azetidin-3-yl-1 4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5 Jdecane hydrochloride §.{1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yI}-1 4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5)decane (0.5 g, 1.4 mmol) was dissolved in dry CHzClz under nitrogen and to the resultant solution was added 1- chloroethyl chloroformate (0.45 mL, 4.1 mmol) at 0°C. The mixture was stirred for 1.5h and then methanol was added. The solution was heated to reflux for 20 min and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was triturated with acetone and the precipitate was then recrystallised from isopropyl alcohol. There was obtained 235 mg (73%) of 8-azetidin-3-yl-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane hydrochloride as a solid. LCMS: m/z 199 (M+1)™".

Method 14

Thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide dihydrochloride ? 2

N

Th - 2 HCI H (a) 4-[1 (Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl]thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 12a but using thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (see J. Chem. Soc. 1949, 3433) rather than pyrrolidin-3-ol (yield, 19%). 11 NMR (400 MHz, CDCly): 2.7-2.8 (m, 4H), 2.8-2.9 (m, 2H), 3.0-3.1 (m, 4H), 3.2 (qn, 1H), 3.4 (m, 2H), 4.4 (s, 1H), 7.1-7.4 (m, 10H); LCMS: m/z 357 (M+1) *, (b) Thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide dihydrochloride

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 12b but using 4-[1- (diphenylmethyDazetidin-3-yljthiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide rather than 1-[1- (diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yllpyrrolidin-3-ol (yield, 89%). 'H NMR (400 MHz, D;0): 3.2-3.4 (b, 4H), 3.4-3.5 (m, 4H), 4.2 (m, 1H), 4.24.4 (4H).

Method 15 1-Azetidin-3-ylpiperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride

HO

©

Th » 2HCI H (@) 1-[1-(Diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl Ipiperidin-4-ol s The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 12a but using piperidin-4-ol rather than pyrrolidin-3-o} (yield, 73%). 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl,): 1.5 1.6 (m, 2H), 1.8 (m, 2H), 2.0 (m, 2H), 2.6 (m, 2H), 2.8-3.0 (m, 3H), 3.4 (m, 2H), 3.6-3.7 (m, 1H), 4.4 (s, 1H), 7.1-7.5 (m, 10H); LCMS: m/z 323 (M+1) *, (b) 1-Azetidin-3-ylpiperidin-4-ol dihydrochloride

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 12b but using 1-[1- (diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3-yl]piperidin-4-ol rather than 1-[1-(diphenylmethyl)azetidin-3- yllpyrrolidin-3-ol (yield, 89%). 'H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d¢): 1.6-5.0 (cm, 13H), 9.0- 9.4 (b, 1H), 9.8-10.2 (b, 1H), 12.0-12.8 (b, 1H).

Method 16 1-[(38)-4-[(3-Cyano-1-naphthoyl)(methyl)amino}-3-( 3,4-dichlorophenyl)butyl]azetidin-3- yl methanesulfonate %g° 2 CO) re Ne) Sars

CL. CN

Cl (a) 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-1- naphthamide 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide (see WO 00/02859; 1.0 g, 2.3 mmol) was dissolved in CH>Cl2 (10 mL) and to the resultant solution were added azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride (0.24 g, 2.2 mmol) and triethylamine (0.30 mL, 2.2 mmol). After stirring for 40 min, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.65 g, 3.1 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue was partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution and ethyl acetate. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue was dissolved in hydrochloric acid (1M). The solution was washed with CHxCly, alkalised with © 5 aqueous NaOH (2M) and then extracted with CH,Cl;. The solvent was removed by evaporation and there was obtained 0.85 g (80%) of 3-cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methy}-1-naphthamide as a white solid. "H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de): 0.8-4.4 (cm, 16H), 6.4-8.2 (cm, 8H), 8.6 (d, 1H);

LCMS: m/z 482 M+1)*. (®) 1-[(35)4-[(3-Cyano-1 -naphthoylj(methyl)amino ]-3-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)butyl]azetidin-3-yl methanesulfonate 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(3 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yDbutyl}-N-methyl-1- naphthamide (0.20 g, 0.41 mmol) was dissolved in CH,Cl and to the resultant solution 1s was added triethylamine (0.17 mL, 0.41 mmol). The mixture was cooled to 0°C before careful addition of methanesulfonyl chloride (0.03 mL, 0.41 mmol). The mixture was stirred with cooling for 30 min and then at room temperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture : was diluted with CH,C), and then washed with hydrochloric acid (1M), saturated NaHCO; and then with brine. The organic solution was dried over MgSO4 and the solvent removed ~~ . by evaporation. There was obtained 0.21 g (92%) of 1-[(35)-4-[(3-cyano-1- naphthoyl)(methyl)amino]-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)butyl]azetidin-3-yl methanesulfonate as a solid. LCMS: m/z 560 (M+1)*.

Method 17 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoropheny!)-4-oxobutyll-N-methyl-1-naphthamide

OQ ony

SEAS be) CN

F

(a) 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-N-methylpent-4-enamide

2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-enoic acid (Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 1893; 4.20 g, 21.6 mmol) was dissolved in CHC}, (75 mL) and to the resultant solution was added TBTU (7.29 g, 22.7 mmol). The mixture was stirred at RT for 15 min and then methylamine (11.9 mL of 2M THE solution, 23.8 mmol) and DIPEA (11.2 g, 86.5 mmol) were added. The s reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h, subsequently diluted with CHCl, (50 mL) and then washed several times with water. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue flash chromatographed on silica gel (heptane-ethyl acetate, 1:1). There was obtained 3.5 g (78%) of 2-(4-fiuorophenyl)-N-methylpent-4-enamide as an oil, which shortly after crystallized. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 2.5 (qn, 1H), 2.7 (d, 3H), 0 2.9 (gn, 1H), 3.4 (1, 1H), 49-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.0-6.2 (b, 1H), 7.0 (m, 2H), 7.3 (m, 2H). (b) [2-(4-F luorophenyl )pent-4-en-1-yl Imethylamine

Lithium aluminium hydride (0.11 g, 2.9 mmol) was slurried in ether (15 mL) under 1s nitrogen with stirring. A solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methylpent-4-enamide (0.20 gin mL of ether, 0.97 mmol) was added carefully and the mixture was then stirred at room temperature overnight. Water (0.11 mL) was added dropwise followed by a solution of

NaOH (0.11 mL of a 15% aqueous solution) and then water (0.33 mL) again. The mixture was stirred for 10 min and then filtered. The filter cake was washed with ether and the » combined solutions were washed several times with water. The organic solution was dried over MgSO; and the solvent was removed by evaporation. There was obtained 0.16 g (86%) of [2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yllmethylamine as an oil. 'H NMR (400 MHz,

CDCl): 2.4-2.6 (m, SH), 2.7-2.9 (m, 3H), 4.9-5.0 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.8 (m, 1H), 7.0 (m, 2H), 7.1 (m, 2H); LCMS: m/z 194 (M+1) +. (c) 3-Cyano-N-[2-( 4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1 -yl]-N-methyl-1 -naphthamide [2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylamine (1.0 g, 5.2 mmol) was dissolved in

CH,Cl, and stirred at 0°C during addition of DIPEA (1.5 g, 11.4 mmol) and 3-cyano-1- naphthoyl chloride (Method 13; 1.1 g, 5.17 nmol). The mixture was stirred with cooling so for a short while and then stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The mixture was washed twice with water, once with an aqueous solution of KHSO4, and then with brine. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue flash chromatographed on silica gel

(methanol- CH,Cl,, 5:95). There was obtained 1.55 g (80%) of 3-cyano-N-[2-(4- fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-y1}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide as an oil. 1 NMR (400 MHz,

CDCl): 2.1-4.9 (cm, 8H), 5.0-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.4-8.0 (cm, 9H), 8.2 (s, 1H). s (dD 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide (1.5g,4.03 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of acetone (30 mL), tert-butanol (15 mL) and water (7.5 mL) and stirred at room temperature during addition of OsO4 (0.40 mL of 2.5% in tert- butanol, 0.04 mmol). 4-Methylmorpholine N-oxide (2.08 g, 17.8 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. A saturated aqueous solution of sodium bisulfite (15 mL) was added and the mixture stirred for 5 min and then concentrated. The residue was diluted with water (100 mL) and then extracted thrice with

CH,Cl,. The combined organic solutions were washed with brine and the solvent removed by evaporation. The residue was dissolved in a mixture of THF (21 mL) and water (7 mL) 1s whereupon sodium periodate (0.95 g, 4.43 mmol) was added. The solution was stirred at room temperature overnight and then diluted with water (150 mL) and brine (75 mL). The mixture was extracted thrice with ethyl acetate and the combined organic solutions were washed with water and then with brine. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue flash chromatographed on silica gel (ethyl acetate- heptane, 7:3). There was obtained 1.43 g (95%) of 3-cyano-N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyi-1- naphthamide as a colourless oil. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCls): 2.4-4.4 (cm, 8H), 6.8-8.0 (cm, 9H), 8.2 (s, 1H), 9.8 (s, 1H).

Method 18 2s 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-oxobutyl J-N-methyl-1-naphthamide 0 —

H i) CN

CN

(a) {2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4-[ (triisopropylsilylJoxy]butyljmethylamine

3-(4-Bromophenyl)-4-(methylamino)butan-1-ol (see Chem. Pharm. Bull. 46, 1998, 242; 1.77 g, 6.86 mmol) was dissolved in CHClz (100 mL) at 0°C under argon. Imidazole (1.22 g, 17.9 mmol) was added, the mixture stirred for 10 min and then triisopropylchlorosilan (3.16g, 16.4 mmol) was added with cooling. The mixture was stirred at room temperature s for 48 h and then washed twice with water (100 mL) and brine. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue flash chromatographed on silica gel (CHCl — Methanol -

NH,OH, 15:1:0.1). There was obtained 2.17 g (75%) of {2-(4-bromophenyl)-4- [(triisopropylsilyl)oxylbutyl }methylamine as an oil. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 09-1.1 (m, 21H), 1.6-1.9 (m, 2H), 2.4 (s, 3H), 2.7-2.8 (m, 2H), 3.0-3.1 (m, 1H), 3.4-3.6 (m, 2H), 0 7.1, 2H), 7.4 (4, 2H). (b) tert-Butyl (2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-[(trisopropylsilyloxy]butylmethylcarbamate (2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4-[(trisopropylsilyDoxylbutyl methylamine (0.95 g, 2.3 mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.34 g, 2.8 mmol) were dissolved in dry CHCl; (10 mL) under 1s nitrogen. Boc-anhydride (1.1, 5.1 mmol) was added at 0°C and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 h and then washed twice with brine. The solution was dried over

Na,SO, and the solvent was removed by evaporation. The residue was flash chromatographed on silica gel (hexane-ether, 40:1 to 8:1). There was obtained 1.66 g (73%) of tert-Butyl (2(4-bromophenyl)-4-[(triisopropylsilyl)oxylbutyl Jmethylcarbamate as an oil. "HNMR (300 MHz, CDCly): 0.9-1.1 (m, 21H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.7-1.9 (m, 2H), 2.7 (m, 3H), 3.2-3.6 (m, 5H), 7 0-7.1 (m, 2H), 7.3-7.4 (m, 2H). (c) tert-Butyl {2-(4-cyanophenyl )-4-[( triisopropylsilyl)oxy]butyljmethylcarbamate tert-Butyl (2-(4-bromophenyl)-4-[(triisopropylsilyoxylbutyl jmethylcarbamate (1.16 g, 2.25 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.62 g, 0.68 mmol) and tri-o- tolylphosphine (1.03 g, 3.38 mmol) were mixed together with acetonitrile (3 mL) and DMF (3 mL) under argon. Zinc cyanide (0.16 g, 1.35 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 81°C for 24h and then concentrated. Ethyl acetate was added to the residue and the slurry was filtered through a micro filter. The solvent was removed by evaporation and w the residue purified by flash chromatography (hexane-ether, 10:1). There was obtained 0.43 g, (41%) of tert-butyl (2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-[(triisopropylsilyDoxylbutyl}- methylcarbamate as a solid. If NMR (300 MHz, CDCly): 0.9-1.1 (m, 21H), 1.4 (5, 9H),

1.7-1.9 (m, 2H), 2.7 (m, 3H), 3.2-3.6 (m, 5H), 7.3-7.4 (m, 2H), 7.5-7.6 (m, 2H); MS: m/z 361 (M+1)". d) 4-(3-Hydroxy-1-[(methylamino)methyl]propyl}benzonitrile tert-Butyl {2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-[(triisopropylsilyl)oxy]butyl }methylcarbamate (0.37 g) was dissolved in THF (8 mL) at 0°C. Hydrochloric acid (8 ml of 6M solution) was added and the mixture stirred overnight at room temperature. The volatiles were removed by evaporation and then removed azeotropically after the addition of methanol (5x50 mL).

The residue was dissolved in water and the solution alkalised to pH 8-9 by the addition of

Na,COjs (s) and then extracted thrice with ethyl acetate (100 mL). The organic solution was dried over Na,SO, and then the solvent was evaporated. The product was purified by flash chromatography (CH,Cl,-MeOH-NH,4OH, 9:1:0.1). There was obtained 0.10 g, 60%) of 4- {3-Hydroxy-1-[(methylamino)methyljpropyl }benzonitrile as a solid. '"H NMR (300 MHz,

CDCly): 1.9-2.0 (m, 2H), 2.5 (s, 3H), 2.8-2.9 (m, 3H), 3.4-3.7 (m, 3H), 3.7 (m, 1H), 7.3 (4, 1s 2H), 7.6 (d, 2H); LCMS: m/z 205 M+1)*. (¢) 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-hydroxybutyl] -N-methyl-1-naphthamide 4-{3-Hydroxy-1-[(methylamino)methyl]propyl } benzonitrile (0.55 g, 2.69 mmol) and

DIPEA (0.77 g, 5.9 mmol) were dissolved in CHzClz (5 mL). 3-Cyano-1-naphthoyl 2 chloride (sse Method 11; 0.58 g, 2.69 mmol) was added in portions with stirring and cooling (external ice-bath). The mixture was stirred for 2 h with cooling and then diluted with CH,Cl, (10 mL). The solution was washed twice with water, twice with a saturated aqueous KHSO, solution and then with brine. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue flash chromatographed on silica gel (CH;Cl,-MeOH, 9:1). There was 2s obtained 0.70 g (67%) of 3-cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-hydroxybutyl)-N-methyl-1- naphthamide as a white solid. "H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4-2.5 (cm, 2H), 2.6 (s, 3H), 3.1-4.6 (cm, 6H), 6.4-7.8 (cm, 8H), 7.9 (d, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 384 (M+1)". ® 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1-naphthamide 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4-hydroxybutyl]-N-methyl- 1-naphthamide (0.70g,1.8 mmol) was dissolved in CH;Clz (15 mL) and to the resultant solution was added Dess

Martin Periodinane (0.85 g, 2.0 mmol) in portions. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then sodium thiosulfate (1.9 g, 12 mmol), dissolved in saturated

NaHCO; solution (30 mL), was added. The mixture was stirred vigorously for 2h and then the organic solution was washed with brine and dried over Na;SO4. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate- s heptane, 4:1). There was obtained 0.50 g, (43%) of 3-cyano-N-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-4- oxobutyl}-N-methyl-1-naphthamide as a white solid. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl,): 2.7 (s, 3H), 2.9-4.4 (cm, 5H), 6.4-7.8 (cm, 8H), 7.9 (d, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H), 9.8 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 382 M+)".

Method 19 3-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl ]-N-methyl-5.6.7.8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide 0 oO.

Y N

YO

GR

F

(a) 3-Cyano-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl )pent-4-en-1-yl]-N-methyl-5,6,7,8- 1s tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide [(2S)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylamine (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett; 2001; 265 - 270; 300 mg, 1.55 mmol) was dissolved in CHCl, (30 mL) and to the resultant solution were added DIPEA (440 mg, 3.40 mmol) together with 3-cyano-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carbonyl chloride (see WO 00/34243; 341 mg, 1.55 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature, diluted with CH,Cl, (20 mL) and then washed with water, aqueous KHSO, solution and finally with brine. The solution was dried over Na,SO, and then the solvent was evaporated. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel using a mixture of heptane and ethyl acetate as eluent (7:3) and there was 2s obtained 460 mg (78 %) of 3-cyano-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-y1]-N-methyl- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide as an oil. '"H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 0.8-

4.2 (cm, 16H), 4.8-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.7-7.4 (cm, 6H); LCMS: m/z 377 (M+1) + (b) 3-Cyano-N-[(2S )-2-( 4-fluorophenyl )-4-o0xobutyl]-N-methyl-5, 6,7,8- s tetrahydronaphthalene-1 carboxamide 3.Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenypent-4-en-1-yi]-N-methy)-3 ,6,7.8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide (460 mg, 1.22 mmol) was dissolved ina mixture of acetone (8 mL), t-butyl alcohol (4 mL) and water (2 mL) under nitrogen. 0s04 (2.5% in t- to butyl alcohol, 0.165 mL, 0.01 mmol) was added together with 4-methylmorpholine-4- oxide (630 mg, 5.4 mmol). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 5 h and then an aqueous solution of NaHSO; (39 %, 12 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 15 min, diluted with water (50 mL) and then extracted three times with CH,Cl,. The organic solution was dried over Na;SO4 and then the solvent was evaporated. The residue (570 mg) is was dissolved in a mixture of THF (7 mL) and water (3 mL) and to the resultant solution was added sodium periodate (287 mg, 1.34 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, diluted with water (50 mL) and brine (30 mL) and then extracted twice with CH,Cl,. The organic solution was dried over Na,SO4 and then the solvent was evaporated. There was obtained 415 mg (89 %) of 3-cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4- oxobutyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide as an oil. 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4-4.2 (cm, 16H), 6.6-7.4 (cm, 6H), 9.7 (s, 1H);

LCMS: m/z 379 M+

Method 20

Ni (25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl }-N-methyl-3.5-Dis( trifluoromethyl )benzamide o CF,

Y N

C J CF,

F

(a) N-[(2S)-2-(4-F luorophenyl)pent-4-en-1 -yl]-N-methyl-3,5- bis( trifluoromethyl )benzamide

[(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-ylJmethylamine (Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett; 2001; 265 - 270; 300 mg, 1.55 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (3 mL) and to the resultant solution were added 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (440 mg, 1.71 mmol), TBTU (548 mg, s 1.71 mmol) and DIPEA (803 mg, 6.21 mmol) in the given order. The mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature, diluted with an aqueous solution of NaHCO; (saturated, 25 mL) and then extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic solutions were washed three times with water and then dried over Na;SOq4. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue was chromatographed on silica gel using a mixture of heptane and ethyl acetate as eluent (4:1). There was obtained 576 mg (85 %) of N-[(25)-2- (4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yI}-N-methyl-3 ,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide as an oil. 'H

NMR (400 MHz, CDCls): 2.2-2.4 (cm, 2H), 2.7 (s, 2H), 2.9-3.9 (cm, 4H), 4.9-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.4-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.8-7.1 (cm, 3H), 7.2-7.5 (3H), 7.9 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 434 (M+1) * 1s (b) N-[(2S)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl )benzamide

N-[(2S)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yl}-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (570 mg, 1.32 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of acetone (10 mL), t-butyl alcohol (5 mL) and water (2.5 mL). OsO4 (2.5% in t-butyl alcohol, 0.190 mL, 0.013 mmol) was added together with 4-methylmorpholine-4-oxide (680 mg, 5.8 mmol). The solution was stirred at room temperature overnight and then saturated aqueous solution of NaHSOs (10 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 15 min, diluted with water (50 mL) and then extracted three times with CH,Cl,. The organic solution was washed with brine and then the solvent was evaporated. The residue (643 mg) was dissolved in a mixture of THF (7 2s mL) and water (3 mL) and to the resultant solution was added sodium periodate (309 mg, 1.45 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, diluted with water (75 mL) and brine (40 mL) and then extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic solutions were washed three times with water, dried over Na,SO, and then the solvent was evaporated. The product was purified by chromatography on silica gel using a mixture of heptane and ethyl acetate as eluent (1:1). There was obtained 398 mg (69 %) of ) N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide as an oil. '"H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 2.6-3.9 (cm, 8H), 6.8-7.6 (cm, 6H), 7.9 (s, 1H), 9.8 Gs, 1H); LCMS: m/z 436 (M+D)™.

Method 21 s 3,5-Dichloro-N- _2-(4-flugrophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]- _methylbenzamide

TY Ci

SH:

F

(a) 3,5 -Dichloro-N-[(2S)-2-( 4-fluoropheny! )pent-4-en-1 -yl]-N-methylbenzamide [(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylamine (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett; 2001; 265-270; 150 mg, 0.78 mmol) was dissolved in CH,Cl, (5 mL) and to the resultant solution were added DIPEA (221 mg, 1.71 mmol) and 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride (178 mg, 0.85 mmol) in the given order. The mixture was stirred for 4 h at room temperature, diluted with CH,Cl, (20 mL), and then washed with water (10 mL), aqueous KHSO, (1M, 10 mL) and brine (10 mL). The organic solution was dried over N2;SOa. The solvent was is removed by evaporation and there was obtained 214 mg (75 %) of 3,5-dichloro-N-{(25)-2- (4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yl]-N-methylbenzamide as an oil. '"H NMR (500 MHz,

CDCl): 2.2-2.4 (cm, 2H), 2.6 (s, 2H), 2.9-3.9 (cm, 4H), 4.9-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.5-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.7 (s, 1H), 6.9-7.4 (cm, 6H); LCMS: m/z 367 (M+1)™. 0 (b) 3,5-Dichloro-N-[(2S J-2-(4-flucrophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methylbenzamide 3. 5-Dichloro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-ylI-N-metbylbenzamie (210 mg, 0.57 mmol) was dissolved in a mixture of acetone (4 mL), t-butyl alcohol (2 mL) and water (1 mL). OsOq4 (2.5% in t-butyl alcohol, 0.080 mL, 0.006 mmol) was added 2s together with 4-methylmorpholine-4-oxide (296 mg, 2.52 mmol). The solution was stirred under nitrogen at room temperature overnight and then an aqueous solution of NaHSOs (39 %, 6 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred for 30 min, diluted with water (25 mL) and then extracted twice with CH,Cl,. The organic solution was dried over Na;SO4 and then the solvent was evaporated. The residue (256 mg) was dissolved in a mixture of THF (3 mL) and water (1 mL) and to the resultant solution was added sodium periodate (135 mg, 0.63 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, diluted with water (25 mL) and then extracted twice CH;Cla. The combined organic solutions were dried over s Na,SO, and then the solvent was evaporated. There was obtained 146 mg (69 %) of 3,5- dichloro-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methylbenzamide as an oil. "H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 2.6-3.9 (cm, 8H), 6.47.4 (cm, TH), 9.8 (s, 1H); LCMS: m/z 369

M+1)*, 10 Method 22 3.Cyano-N-ethyl-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl }-4-oxobutyl]-5.6,7.8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- carboxamide rt

J CN

F

(a) (2S)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-enoyl chloride (25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)pent-4-enoic acid (see Tetrahedron Letters; 2002; 6617-6620; 1.2 g, 6.0 mmol) was dissolved in CHCl, (15 mL) and to the resultant solution was added oxalyl chloride (1.1 g, 9.0 mmol) followed by one drop of DMF. The mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The solvent was removed by evaporation and there was obtained 1.2 g (98%) of (25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-enoyl chloride as an oil. "H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 2.6 (q, 1H), 2.9 (q, 1H), 4.1 (t, 1H), 5.0-5.2 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.8 (m, 1H), 7.1 (t, 2H), 7.3 (m, 2H). (b) (2S)-N-Ethyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-enamide 2s A stream of ethylamine was introduced to ice-cooled CH,Cl, (5 mL) until 350 mg gas had been consumed. A solution of (25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-enoyl chloride (0.24 gin 5 mL of CH,Cl,, 1.1 mmol) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and then diluted with CH;Cl, (10 mL). The solution was washed with aqueous solutions of KHSO4 (8 mL, 1M), NaOH (8 mL, 1M) and then brine. The organic solution was dried over Na;SO, and then the solvent was evaporated. There was obtained 0.15 g (59%) of (25)-N-ethyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-enamide. 'H NMR (500 MHz,

CDCl): 1.1 (t, 3H), 2.5 (m, 1H), 2.8-3.0 (m, 2H), 3.2-3.4 (m, 3H), 5.0-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.8 s (m, 1H),7.0 (t, 2H), 7.3 (m, 2H). (c) (2S )-N-Ethyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1 -amine

LiAlH, (36 mg, 0.95 mmol) was added to ether (5 mL) at 0°C under nitrogen. (285)-N-

Ethyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-enamide (140 mg, 0.63 mmo}), dissolved in ether (2 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Water (0.04 mL) was added followed by an aqueous solution of NaOH (0.16 mL, 1M) and the mixture stirred for 30 min. Celite®, MgSO, and CHCl, was added and the solid material removed by filtration. The solvent was removed by evaporation and there was obtained 0.13 g (100%) of (28)-N-ethyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-amine. 'H NMR (500 MHz, 1s CDCls): 1.0 (m, 3H), 2.2-2.9 (m, 5H), 3.2-3.4 (m, 2H), 4.9-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.7 (m, 1H), 7.0-7.4 (m, 4H). LCMS: m/z 208 (M+1) *, (d) 3-Cyano-N-ethyl-N-[(2S )-2-(4-fluorophenyl)peni-4-en-1-ylJ-5, 6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide (25)-N-Ethyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-amine (0.13 g, 0.63 mmol) was dissolved in

CH,Cl, and to the solution were added DIPEA (0.18 g, 1.4 mmol) and then 3-cyano- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carbonyl chloride (see WO 00/34243; 0.15 g, 0.66 mmol) dissolved in CH,Cl; (2 mL). The mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then diluted with CH,Cl,. The solution was washed with water, aqueous KHSO,4 (10 mL, 1M) sand brine. The solvent was removed by evaporation after the solution had been dried. The product was purified by chromatagraphy on silica gel using a gradient of methanol-

CHCl, (0% methanol-5% methanol). There was obtained 0.13 g (53%) of 3-cyano-N- ethyl-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-y1}-5 ,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- carboxamide as an oil. 3 "HNMR (500 MHz, CDCl): 0.8-1.3 (m, 3H), 1.54.2 (cm, 15H), 5.0 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.9-7.4 (m, 6H), LCMS: m/z 391 M+1)*,

e)3 -Cyano-N-ethyl-N-[ (2S)-2-( 4-fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl]-3, 6,7.8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1 -carboxamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 21b but using 3- cyano-N-ethyl-N- ((25)-2-(é-fluorophenyhpent-4-en-1-y11-5.6.7 §-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- s carboxamide rather than + 5.dichloro-N-{(28)-2-(d-fluorophenyDpent-4-en-1-YII-” methylbenzamide (yield, 70%). IH NMR (500 MHz, CDCl): 0.94.2 (cm, 18H), 5.9 (ss <1H), 6.9-7.5 (cm, 6H), 8.0 (s, <1H), 9.7 (m, 1H). LCMS: m/z 393 (M+1)”.

Method 23 + Coo .[(252-(-uoropheny]-4-oxobutyl Nemeth: 1-naphibasmic lo) ® 0)

Y N

SH

F

(a) 3-Cyano-N-[(2S )-2-(4-fluorophenyl )pent-4-en-1-yl 1-N-methyl-1-naphthamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 20a but using 3- cyano-1-naphthoic acid (see Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001, 2769) rather than 3,5- bis(triftuoromethyl)benzoic acid (yield, 87%). 1 NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 1.4-4.9 (cm, 8H), 5.0-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.7-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.4 (5, <1H), 6.8-8.0 (cm, 9H), 8.2 (s, 1H). (b) 3-Cyano-N-[(2S )-2-( 4-fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-1 -naphthamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 20D but using 3- «yao (25) 2-4 orophenyDpent-4-cn1-yl}-N-metyl-L-naphtarice rather than N-{(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyDpent-4-en-1-yI}-N-methyl-3 5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (yield, 78%). 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCls): 2.4-2.6 (m, 1H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 2.8-4.4 (cm, 4H), 6.2 (s, <1H), 6.8-7.8 (cm, 9H), 8.2 (s, 1H), 9.8 (s, 1H).

Method 24 3,5-Dibromo-N-[(25)-2-( 4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl ]-N-methylbenzamide 0) Br

Y N

J Br

F

(a) 3,5-Dibromo-N-[(2S )-2-( 4-fluorophenyl )pent-4-en-1-yl] -N-methylbenzamide s The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 20a but using 3.5- dibromobenzoic acid rather than 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (yield, 100%). H

NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 2.2-3.2 (cm, 6H), 3.4 (m, 1H), 3.6-3.8 (m, 1H), 5.0 (m, 2H), 5.5- 5.8 (m, 1H), 6.8-8.4 (cm, 7H). 0 (b) 3,5-Dibromo-N-[(2S. )-2-(4-fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl] -N-methylbenzamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 20b but using 3,5- dibromo-N-[(28)-2-(4-fluorophenylypent-4-en-1-yl]-N-methylbenzamide rather than N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yl}-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (yield, 96%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl): 2.6-3.9 (cm, is 8H), 6.8-8.2 (cm, TH), 9.8 (s, 1H).

Method 25 3-Bromo-N-[(25)-2-( 4-fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl |-5-iodo-N-methylbenzamide

H :

J Br

F

(@) 3,5-Dibromo-N-[(2S )-2-(4-fluorophenyl )pent-4-en-1 -yl]-N-methylbenzamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 21a but using 3- bromo-5-iodobenzoyl chloride (which was prepared in a similar way as in Method 11) rather than 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride (yield, 84%). 'H NMR (500 MHz, CDCls): 2.2- 3.8 (cm, 8H), 5.0 (m, 2H), 5.5-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.8-7.4 (cm, 6H), 7.8 (s, 1H), 8.0 (s, <1H).

(b) 3-Bromo-N-[(2S )-2-(4-fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl 1-5-iodo-N-methylbenzamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 21b but using 3- bromo-N- ((25)-2-(4-fluorophenyDpent-4-cn-1-yl]-5-iodo-N-methylbenzamide s rather than 3,5 -dichloro-N- {(28)-2-(4-fluorophenylpent-4-en-1-yII-N methylbenzamide (yield, 100%). "H NMR (500 MHz, CDCls): 2.6-3.2 (cm, 4H), 3.4-3.9 (cm, 2H), 4.0-4.2 (cm, 2H), 6.8-8.2 (cm, TH), 9.8 (s, 1H).

Method 26 3-Cyano-N-| -(4-fluoro-2-methylpheny))-4-oxobutyll-N-methyl-3.6.7.8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide 0) " VT :

CN

F

(a) 4-F. luoro-2-methylbenzoic acid

A mixture of 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzonitrile (19.8 g, 150 mmol), KOH (24.3 g, 380 mmol) is and water (300 mL) was heated to reflux for two days. The mixture was then acidified with concentrated HCI while cooling. The product was collected by filtration and the filter cake was washed with water. The solid material was dried standing in the hood for several days.

There was obtained 20.8 g (92%) of 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzoic acid as a solid material. 'H

NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-de): 2.5 (s, 3H), 7.0-7.2 (m, 2H), 7.9 (t, 1H), 12.8 (b, 1H). (b) Methyl 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzoate

A mixture of 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzoic acid (19.8 g, 128 mmol) and HCl-saturated methanol solution (500 mL) was heated to reflux for 2 h. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the residue partitioned between an aqueous solution of NaHCO; and 2s CHCl, The organic solution was dried over Na;SO4 and then the solvent was evaporated.

There was obtained 15.3 g (71%) of methyl 4-fluoro-2-methylbenzoate as a pale rose oil. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDCls): 2.6 (s, 3H), 3.9 (s, 3H), 6.9-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.9 (t, 1H).

©) 4-Fluoro-2-methylphenyl)methanol 4-Fluoro-2-methylbenzoate (15.3 g, 91 mmol) was dissolved in THF under a stream of nitrogen. The mixture was cooled to 0°C while adding LiAlH, (4.4 g, 110 mmol) in small s portions and then strirred at room temperature for 1 h. Water (4.4 mL), aqueous 15%

NaOH (4.4 mL) and then more water (13.2 mL) were added dropwise in the given order while cooling to 0°C. The mixture was stirred for 2 h and then the solid material was filtered off. The solvent was removed by evaporation and there was obtained 11.5 g (90%) of (4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)methanol as an oil. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 2.4 (s, 3H), 4.6 (s, 2H), 6.8-6.9 (m, 2H), 7.3 (t, 1H). (d) 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-fluoro-2-methylbenzene (4-Fluoro-2-methylphenyl)methanol (11.5 g, 82 mmol) was dissolved in CHCl; (100 mL).

The mixture was cooled to 0°C before adding SOC), (10.7 g, 90 mmol), then strirred for 30 is min at 0°C and then at room temperature for 1.5 h. The solvent and excess of SOCI, were removed by evaporation followed by the addition of CH;Clz. The solvent and remaining traces of SOCI, were evaporated once more. There was obtained 13.0 g (100%) of 1- (chloromethyl)-4-fluoro-2-methylbenzene as an oil. "TH NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): 2.4 (s, 3H), 4.6 (s, 2H), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.3 (m, 1H). (e) (4-Fluoro-2-methylphenyl)acetonitrile 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-fluoro-2-methylbenzene (12.8 g, 81 mmol) was dissolved in CHCl, (50 mL) and to the resultant solution was added a mixture of tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulphate (1.4 g, 4.0 mmol), NaOH (0.32 g, 8.1 mmol) and water (50 mL) 2s followed by an aqueous solution of potassium cyanide (5.0 g, 77 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes and then the pH of the aqueous layer was monitored and adjusted to the alkaline side by the dropwise addition of aqueous sodium hydroxide (5M). The mixture was refluxed for one hour, stirred at room temperature overnight and then diluted with

CH,Cl, (50 mL). The organic layer was washed thrice with water and then dried over Na,SOa. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the product was purified by chromatography on silica gel using CHzCl,. There was obtained 11.1 g (92%) of (4-

fluoro-2-methylphenyl)acetonitrile as an oil. "TH NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 2.3 (s, 3H), 3.6 (s, 2H), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.3 (m, 1H). (f) 2-(4-Fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-( tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)butanenitrile s (4-Fluoro-2-methylphenyl)acetonitrile (6.0 g, 40 mmol), dissolved in THF (25 mL), was added to a suspension of NaH (2.1 g, 60% in mineral oil, 52 mmol) in THF (25 mL) under a stream of nitrogen. The mixture was then heated to reflux, which initiated the reaction.

The reaction proceeded without external heating for 1 h whereupon the visual generation of gas ceased. The mixture was cooled and then 2-(2-bromoethoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran (10.9 g, 52 mmol), dissolved in THF (25 mL), was added. The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 min and then at room temperature overnight. The mixture was poured over an aqueous solution of NH4C], which was extracted twice with ether. The combined organic solutions were dried over Na,SO, and then the solvent was evaporated. The product was purified by chromatography on silica gel using CH, Cl, and there was obtained 8.1 g (72%) 1s of 2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)butanenitrile as an oil. 'H

NMR (300 MHz, CDCls): 1.4-2.2 (mn, 8H), 2.4 (s, 3H), 3.4-3.6 (m, 2H), 3.8-4.0 (m, 2H), 4.2 (m, 1H), 4.6 (m, 1H), 6.8-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.4 (m, 1H). (8) [2-(4-Fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-( tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)butyl]amine 2-(4-Fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-(tetrahydro-2 H-pyran-2-yloxy)butanenitrile 45g, 16 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (40 mL) and concentrated NH4OH aq (20 mL). Raney® nickel suspended in water (one teaspoonful) was added and the mixture was alternately evacuated and flushed with H. The mixture was then stirred under Hy at room temperature until the consumption of gas ceased. The catalyst was removed with a magnet and the ,»s mixture was then filtrated and the solvent was evaporated. There was obtained 4.1 g (90%) of [2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)butylJamine as a pale blue oil. '"H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl;): 1.4-2.0 (m, 8H), 2.4 (d, 3H), 3.2-3.8 (m, 6H), 4.4- 4.6 (d, 1H), 6.9 (d, 2H), 7.1-7.2 (b, 1H). (h) 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methyiphenyl)-4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)butyl]- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1 -carboxamide

26 Fluoro- methylphenyl)--(ttzaydro-2H-pyren-2-Yloxy lout Hlme (040g, 14 mmol), 3-cyano-5,6,7 3-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (see WO 00/34243; 0.32 g, 1.6 mmol) and DCC (0.35 g, 1.7mmol) were mixed with CHCl: (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then filtrated and the solvent was s evaporated. The product was purified by chromatography on silica gel using methanol and

CHC); (0%-2% methanol). There was obtained 600 mg (91%) of 3_cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro- 2 methylphenyl)-4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)buty1}-5.6.7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1- carboxamide as a foam. 11 NMR (500 MHz, CDCl,): 1.0-1.9 (m, 9H), 2.0-2.1 (m, 1H), 2.4 (d, 3H), 2.6-2.8 (m, 4H), 32-3.8 (m, TH), 44-4.5 (d, 1H), 6.0-6.2 (m, 1H), 6.9 (m, 2H), wo 7.1-7.3 (m, 2H), 7.4 (s, 1H). LCMS: m/z 463 M-1)". (i) 3-Cyano-N-[2-( 4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl )-4-( tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy Jbutyl]-N- methyl-5,6,7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1 carboxamide (2. (4 Fluoro-2-meshylphenyD)-4-(etrabydro-2H-pyran2-yloxy)butyllamine 0.60g,1.3 s mmol), Ag20 (1.5 8, 6.5 mmol) and iodomethane (1.8 g, 12.9 mmol) were mixed with

DMF (10 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 days, then filtrated and diluted with CH2Cl2 (150 mL). The solution was washed thrice with an aqueous solution of

KCN (10 mL 5%) and then thrice with water. The solvent was removed and the residue dissolved in a 1:1 mixture of ethyl acetate and ether. The solution was washed thrice with 0 water, dried over MgSOs and then the solvent was evaporated. There was obtained 460 mg (74%) of + eyano.N-[2-(b-fluoro-2 methylphenyl)4-(ttrahydro-2H-pyran- 2 yloxy butyl;

N-methyl-5,6.7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1-carboxamide as an oil. '"H NMR (300 MHz,

CDCly): 1.0-4.5 (cm, 30H), 6.4-7.4 (cm, SH). (3) 3.Cyano-N-[2-( 4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl )-4-hydroxybutyl] -N-methyl-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1 carboxamide 3-Cyano-N- 2. (4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-(etrabydro-2H-pyran 2 yloxy pu methyl-5,6,7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide (460 mg, 0.96 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (10 mL) together with 4-toluenesulfonic acid (37 mg, 0.2 mmol) and the solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. An aqueous solution of NaHCOs together with CH,Cl, was added and the organic solution was then washed with brine, dried and the solvent removed by evaporation. There was obtained 350 mg (92%) of 3-

cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-hydroxybutyl] -N-methyl-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide as an oil. 'H NMR (300 Miz, CDCl): 1.0-2.3 (cm, 6H), 2.4 (s, 3H), 2.6 (s, 3H), 2.74.5 (cm, 10H), 6.4-7.4 (cm, SH). s (kK) 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl )-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide 3-Cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-hydroxybutyl]-N-methyl-5 ,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide (350 mg, 0.89 mmol) was dissolved in CH,Cl; (15 mL) together with Dess-Martin periodinane (410 mg, 098 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. Sodium thiosulfate (0.84 g, 5.2 mmol), dissolved in a saturated solution of NaHCOs aq, was added and the mixture was then stirred vigorously for 1 h. The organic layer was washed with NaHCO; aq and then brine. The solution was dried over Na,SO, and the solvent was removed by evaporation. There was obtained 310 mg (89%) of 3-cyano-N-[2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methyl-5,6,7.8- 1s tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide as an oil. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): 1.04.5 (cm, 19H), 6.6-7.4 (cm, SH), 9.8 (s, 1H). LCMS: m/z 391 (M-1)".

Method 27 6-Cyano-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl ]-N-methylindane-4-carboxamide

RPaa vl i: <-

F

(a) I-(7-Bromo-2,3-dihydro-1 H-inden-5-yl)ethanone 5-Acetylindane (6.3 g, 39 mmol) was dissolved in CH,Cl; (150 mL) whereupon aluminium chloride (13.0 g, 97 mmol) was added during one minute and a vigorous generation of HCl gas was observed, which was conducted away by means of a tube. The mixture was stirred 2s at room temperature for 5 min and then bromine (9.0 g, 56 mmol), dissolved in CHCl; (50 mL) was added during 2 min. Additional stirring at room temperature for 2 h was followed by pouring the reaction mixture over ice (200 g). The flask was washed with additional

CH,Cl, (100 mL). The organic solution was washed twice with brine, dried and then the solvent was evaporated. There was obtained 8.8 g (93%) of 1-(7-bromo-2,3-dihydro- 1H- inden-5-yl)ethanone as a solid material. If NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 2.122 (@, 2H), 2.6 (s, 3H), 2.9 (1, 2H), 3.1 (t, 2H), 7.7 (s, 1H), 7.9 (s, 1H). 5s (b) 7.Bromoindane-5-carboxylic acid 1-(7-bromo-2,3-dihydro- 1 H-inden-5-yhethanone (8.6 g, 36 mmol) was dissolved in dimethoxyethane (100 mL) and to the solution were added NaClO aq (200 mL 1M, 200 mmol) and NaOH aq (20 mL 10 M, 200 mmol). The mixture was heated to 50°C for 1 h and then diluted with water (200 mL). Sodium pyrosulfite (5.7 g, 30 mmol) was added.

The mixture was washed with ether, acidified with concentrated HCI and then extracted twice with ether (150 mL). The organic solution was washed with brine, dried and then the solvent was evaporated. The solid residue was treated with cold CHxCl> (- 40°C), then filtered off and dried. There was obtained 7.1 g (82%) of 7-bromoindane-5-carboxylic acid as a solid material. "H NMR (300 MHz, CD,0D): 2.02.2 (g, 2H), 2.9 (t, 2H), 3.1 (t, 2H), is 7.8 (s, 1H), 7.9 (s, 1H). (c) 7.Bromoindane-5-carboxamide 7-Bromoindane-5-carboxylic acid (2.9 g, 12 mmol) and oxalylchloride (2.0 g, 16 mmol) were mixed with CHCl, (50 mL) whereupon DMF (100 mg) was added. After 1 h at room temperature the mixture was poured into a mixture of concentrated NH,OH aq (20 mL) and ethanol (100 mL). The volatiles were removed by evaporation and the residue partitioned between ethyl acetate (100 mL) and water (50 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine and then dried over Na,SO.. The solvent was removed by evaporation and the solid residue was treated with cold CHCl, then filtered off and dried. There was »s obtained 2.0 g (68%) of 7 -bromoindane-5-carboxamide as a solid material. 'H NMR (300

MHz, CD;CO CD»): 2.0-2.2 (m, 2H), 2.8-2.9 (d, 2H), 2.9-3.0 (¢, 1H), 3.0-3.1 (t, 1H), 6.5 (b, 1H), 7.4 (b, 1H), 7.7 (s, 1H), 7.9 (s, 1H). (d@ 7.Bromoindane-5-carbonitrile 7.Bromoindane-5-carboxamide (1.94 g, 8.1 mmol) was suspended in CHCl, (50 mL) whereupon POC; (1 .5 g, 9.8 mmol) was added. Triethylamine (3.5 g, 34.6 mmol), dissolved in CH>Clz (10 mL) was added during one minute and an exotermic reaction was observed. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min and then poured over ice (50 g). The remaining material in the flask was washed out using CHxCl, (50 mL) and water (25 mL). The organic layer was washed twice with brine, dried over Na,;SO4 and then the solvent was evaporated. The solid residue was treated with cold methanol and then s filtrated off. The material was washed with cold methanol and then dried. There was obtained 1.2 g (66%) of 7-bromoindane-5-carbonitrile as a solid material. "H NMR (300

MHz, CDCl): 2.1-2.2 (q, 2H), 2.9-3.1 (m, 4H), 7.4 (s, 1H), 7.6 (s, 1H). (e) 6-Cyanoindane-4-carboxylic acid 10 In a flask designed for high pressure (max. 12 bar) 7-bromoindane-5-carbonitrile (1.18 g, 5.3 mmol) was mixed with DMEF (50 mL), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(iD chloride (0.1 g, 0.14 mmol), triphenylphosphine (0.1 g, 0.38 mmol), triethylamine (1.0 g, 9.9 mmol) and water (5 mL). While stirring the flask was alternately evacuated and then loaded with carbon monoxide. The procedure was repeated 4 times and then carbon monoxide was is introduced until a pressure of 6 bar was obtained. The reaction mixture was heated to 90°C for 60 h and then cooled to room temperature. The content was transferred to a beaker by means of ether (100 mL) and water (200 mL). The organic layer was separated off and precipitated Pd was removed by decantation. The aqueous layer was acidified with conc.

HCI and then extracted thrice with ether (50 mL). The combined organic solutions were , washed with brine, dried over Na;SO4 and the solvent was evaporated. The solid residue was treated with cold CHzCly, then filtrated off and then dried. There was obtained 06g (60%) of 6-cyanoindane-4-carboxylic acid as a solid material. 'H NMR (300 MHz,

CDCl): 2.12.2 (q, 2H), 3.0 (t, 2H), 3.4 (1, 2H), 7.7 (s, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H). ss (f) 6-Cyano-N-[(2S )-2-(4-fluorophenyl )pent-4-en-1-yl] -N-methylindane-4-carboxamide 6-Cyanoindane-4-carboxylic acid (150 mg, 0.8 mmol) and oxalyl chloride (130 mg, 1.0 mmol) were mixed with CH,Cl, (20 mL) whereupon DMF (100 mg) was added. After 1 h at room temperature [(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yljmethylamine (Bioorg. Med.

Chem. Lett; 2001; 265 - 270; 200 mg, 1.0 mmol) and triethylamine (200 mg, 2.0 mmol) were added to the mixture in the given order. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min and then the solvent was evaporated. The product was purified by chromatography on silica gel using hexane and ethyl acetate (1:1). There was obtained 180 mg (62%) of 6 cyano N25) 2-4 foropheny pent 1-yll N-methy lindane carboxamide as an oil. "H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl): 2.0-2.1 (m, 2H), 2.2 ¢, 1H), 2.4 (m, 2H), 2.6 (s, 4H), 2.8-3.4 (m, 4H), 3.7 (dd, 1H), 3.8-3.9 (dd, 1H), 4.9-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.4-5.8 (m, 1H), 6.8-7.1 (m, 4H), 7.2 (m, 1H), 7.5, 1H). (® 6-Cyano-N-[ 125)-2-(4 luorophenyly-4-oxobutyl]-N-methylindane-4- carboxamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 21b but using 6- pono (25) 2-4 fuorophenyDpent-b e-1-yl-Nmethylindane fr oatboram rather than + 5 ichloro-N-((25)-2-(4-fluoropheny pent 4-en-1-y1l-N-methylbenzamice (yield, 0 89%). "HNMR (300 MHz, CDCls): 0.94.2 (cm, 14H), 5.9 (s, <1H), 6.6-8.2 (cm, 6H), 8.0 (s, <1H), 9.8 Gs, 1H). :

Method 28 3-Fluoro-N-[(28)-2- 4-fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl ]-N-methyl-5.6.7 S-tetrahydronaphthalene- 1s 1-carboxamide

Sa Cl i a

F

(a) Methyl 3-amino-5,6, 7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate

Methyl 3.pitro-5,6.7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate (see Zh Obshch Khim; 1948, 877-884; 1.4 g, 3 mmol), which was contaminated with its regioisomer methyl 4-nitro- 5,67 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate (1:1), was dissolved in methanol (50 mL).

The solution was flushed with nitrogen whereupon PA/C (5%) catalyst (0.19 g) was added.

The mixture was stirred under H; at room temperature until the consumption of gas ceased.

The catalyst was removed by filtration and then the solvent was evaporated. The product was separated from its 4-amino regioisomer and by-products by chromatography on silica 2s gel using CH,Cl, and triethylamine (98:2). There was obtained 0.24 g (39%) of methyl 3- amino-5,6,7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate as an oil. 'H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl,): 1.7-1.8 (m, 4H), 2.7 (m, 2H), 2.9 (m, 2H), 3.8 (5, 3H), 6.6 (d, 1H), 7.0 (d, 1H).

(b) Methyl 3-fluoro-5,6, 7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate

Methyl 3-amino-5,6,7 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate 0.34 g,1.7 mmol) was dissolved in aqueous 48% tetrafluoroboric acid (10 mL) and the resultant solution was then s diluted with water (10 mL). Sodium nitrite (0.13 g, 1.9 mmol), dissolved in water (1 mL) was added dropwise while cooling with an external ice-water bath. The formed precipitate was isolated by filtration and then washed with diluted tetrafluoroboric acid. The solid material was dried in an exsiccator over P,0s and there was obtained 0.27 g of a pale brown powder. A portion of this diazonium salt intermediate (93 mg) was heated to 130°C until a gas was generated. After farther heating to 130°C for 5 min and cooling to room temperature, the residue was partitioned between ether and saturated NaHCOs solution.

The aqueous layer was extracted with ether and the combined organic solutions were dried over Na,SO,. The solvent was evaporated and there was obtained 27 mg (23%) of methyl 3fluoro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate as an oil. 'H NMR (500 MHz, is CDCl): 1.8 (m, 4H), 2.8 (m, 2H), 3.0 (m, 2H), 3.8 (s, 3H), 6.9 (m, 1H), 7.4 (m, 1H). (¢) 3-Fluoro-5,6, 7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1 carboxylic acid

A mixture of methyl 3-fluoro-5 67,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylate (37 mg, 0.18 mmol), LiOH (27 mg, 1.1 mmol), water (2 mL) and THF (1 mL) was stirred at room 2 temperature overnight and then partitioned between ether and water. The aqueous layer was extracted thrice with ether and then repeatedly with ethyl acetate. The combined organic solutions were dried over MgSO, and the solvent was removed by evaporation.

There was obtained 15 mg (43%) of 3-fluoro-5.6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid as a white solid. "H NMR (500 MHz, CDsCO CD): 1.8 (m, 4H), 2.8 (m, 2H), 3.1 (m, 5s 2H), 7.0 (m, 1H), 7.6 (m, IH). (d) 3-Fluoro-N-[(2S )-2-(4-fluorophenyl )pent-4-en-1-yl] -N-methyl-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1 -carboxamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 20a but using 3- fiuoro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid rather than 3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (yield, 77%). 'H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl): 1.4-4.2 (cm, 16H), 4.8-5.0 (m, 2H), 5.6-5.7 (m, 1H), 6.2-8.2 (cm, 6H).

(€) 3-Fluoro-N-[(2S)-2~( 4-fluorophenyl )-4-oxobutyl] -N-methyl-5,6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carboxamide

The compound was synthesized in an analogous way to that of Method 20b but using 3- fluoro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenylpent-4-en-1-yll-N-methy)-5,6,7,8-tetrabydronaphthalenc- 1-carboxamide rather than N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-en-1-yl}-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (yield, 68%). '"H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl): 1.6-4.2 (cm, 16H), 6.2-7.8 (cm, 6H), 9.8 (s, 1H).

Claims (36)

92 PCT/SE2004/000901 o : Claims ‘

1. A compound of the general formula (I) Het 0 PS wr : R4 R2 R3 M wherein . Het is piperidino substituted with hydroxy, bydroxyalkyl, oxo, methylthio, methylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl, cyano, 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl, C{-C4 alkoxy, amino optionally mono or disubstituted with C;-Cs alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C;-Cy4 alkenyl, C,-Cy4 alkynyl, acylamino optionally N-substituted with C;-Cy alkyl, C3-Ca cycloalkyl, C,-C4 alkenyl, C2-Csalkynyl, (C,-Cy alkylsulfonyl)amino optionally N-substituted by C;-Cs alkyl, C3-Cq cycloalkyl, C,- Cs alkenyl, C;-C4 alkynyl, one or two fluoro atoms or disubstituted by C,-Cq alkyl and hydroxyl; or : : } | Het is morpholino or thiomorpholino optionally substituted at its sulfur atom by one or two oxygen; or Het is piperazino optionally substituted at the 4-nitrogen atom by C;-C4 alkyl, C2-Cs4 alkenyl, C,-Cs4 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, Cy-C, alkyl sulfonyl or C;-C4 acyl; Rlis hydrogen; oo R2 is fluoro attached in the four position; : ’ R3 is hydrogen; R4 is C;-C4 alkyl, C3-Cy4 cycloalkyl, C;-Ca alkenyl or C;-Cy alkynyl; a Aris phenyl substituted in its 3- and S-position by groups independently selected from halogen, C;-Cy alkyl, C,-C4 alkoxy, cyano and nitro; : or an enantiomer thereof or any salt thereof. AMENDED SHEET

93 PCT/SE2004/000901

2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R4 is C-Cs alkyl; oo or an enantiomer thereof or any salt thereof. ) -

3.A compound according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the heterocyclic ring Het is connected to the rest of the molecule at one of the nitrogen atoms of the ring.

4. A compound according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein R4 is methyl. oo

5. A compound according to any one of claims 1-4 wherein the compound is the S- enantiomer. :

6. A compound according to claim 1 selected from 3 5-Dibromo-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpbolin-4-ylazetidin- 1-yDbutyl]-N- methylbenzamide; E N-[2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3 _thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-y)butyl]-N-methyl-3,5- ~ bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; 3-Fluoro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl]-N-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl)benzamide; ~ N-[4-[3-(1 4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin-1 -yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)butyl}-N- methyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; N-{(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-I3-(4-fluoropiperidin-1-yazetidin-1-ylJoutyl}-N-methyl- 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; N- {(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(4-hydroxypiperidin- 1-yl)azetidin-1-yl]butyl}-V-methyl- 3 5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; AMENDED SHEET

94 PCT/SE2004/000901 3 ,5-Dichloro-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluoropheny!)-4-(3 -morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1 -yDbutyl]-N- methylbenzamide; 3,5-Dibromo-N- {(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[3 -(4-hydroxypiperidin-1 -yl)azetidin-1- yl]butyl}-N-methylbenzamide; 3-Bromo-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-y))butyl]-5-iodo-N- methylbenzamide; N-{2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[3-(1 -oxidothiomorpholin-4-yl)azetidin-1 -yl]butyl}-N-methyl- 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; N-{2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[3 -(4-oxopiperidin-1-yl)azetidin-1 -yl]butyl}-N-methyl-3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; or an enantiomer thereof or any salt thereof.

7. A process for preparing a compound according to any one of claims 1-6, which process comprises a) reacting a compound of the formula (III) with a compound of the formula (IV): } Het, I} i Ho am B AMENDED SHEET oo oo 95 PCT/SE2004/000901

O . Rt 0 N Ar wherein R1-R4, Het, and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and the conditions are such that reductive alkylation of the compounds of the formulae (III) forms an N-C bond between the nitrogen atom of the azetidine group of the compounds of formulae (IIT) and the carbon atom of the aldehyde group of the compounds of formulae (IV); or b) reacting a compound of the formula (III) with a compound of the formula (V):

O . R1

L . N Ar : R4 R2 R3 GN ’ : wherein R1-R4, Het, and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and Lisa group such that alkylation of the compounds of the formulae (IIT) forms an N-C bond between the nitrogen atom of the azetidine group of the compounds of formulae (III) and the carbon atom of the compounds of formulae (V) that is adjacent to the L group; or oo © reacting a compound of the formula (VI) with a compound of the formula (VII): oo Het ~~) | RA . N No l R4 R2 R3 VD) ~ AMENDED SHEET

_ | 96 PCT/SE2004/000901 x L Ar (VID wherein R1-R4, Het and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and L’ is a leaving group; wherein any other functional group is protected, if necessary, and: 1) removing any protecting groups; i) optionally oxidizing any oxidizeable atoms; 111) optionally forming a pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

8. A compound selected from [2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3 -thiomorpholin-4-ylazetidin-1 -yl)butyl]methylamine; [(25)-2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-(3 -morpholin-4-ylazetidin-1-yl)butyl methylamine; oo 1-{1-[3 -(4-Fluoropheny!)-4-(methylamino)butyl]azetidin-3 -yl}piperidin-4-ol; [4-[3-(1 ,4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)azetidin- 1-yl]-2-(4- fluorophenyl)butyljmethylamine; : o 3,5 _Dichloro-N-[(2S)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methylbenzamide; 3,5-Dibromo-N-[(25)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-N-methylbenzamide; ol 3-Bromo-N-[(28)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-5-iodo-N-methylbenzamide; : or an enantiomer thereof or any salt thereof.

9. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising as active ingredient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1-6 as a single enantiomer, a racemate or a AMENDED SHEET

97 PCT/SE2004/000901 ® mixture thereof in the form of a free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof optionally in association with diluents, excipients or inert carriers.

10. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1-6, as a single enantiomer, a racemate or a mixture thereof in the form of a free base or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prevention or treatment of respiratory, cardiovascular, neuro, pain, oncology, inflammatory and/or gastrointestinal disorders.

11. The use according to claim 10 in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the prevention or treatment of asthma, allergic rhinitis, pulmonary, cough, cold, inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, airway reactivity, urticaria, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, edema, angiogenesis, pain, migraine, tension headache, psychoses, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, Huntington’s disease, bladder hypermotility, urinary incontinence, eating disorder, manic depression, substance dependence, movement disorder, cognitive disorder, obesity, stress disorders, micturition disorders, mania, hypomania and aggression, bipolar disorder, cancer, carcinoma, gastrointestinal hypermotility, gastric asthma, Crohn’s disease, gastric emptying disorders, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, emesis, gastric motility disorders or gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD).

12. The use according to claim 11 in the manufacture of a medicament use in the prevention oor treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

13. The use according to claim 11 in the manufacture of a medicament use in the prevention or treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

14. The use according to claim 11 in the manufacture of a medicament use in the prevention or treatment of urinary incontinence.

15. A method of preventing respiratory, cardiovascular, neuro, pain, oncology and/or gastrointestinal disorders comprising administering an effective amount of a compound according to any one of claims 1-6 as a single enantiomer, a racemate or a mixture thereof in the form of a free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. AMENDED SHEET

98 PCT/SE2004/000901

16. The method according to claim 15 wherein gastrointestinal hypermotility, gastric asthma, Crohn’s disease, gastric emptying disorders, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, emesis, gastric motility disorders or gastro- esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is prevented.

17. The method according to claim 16 wherein irritable bowel syndrome is prevented.

18. The method according to claim 16 wherein inflammatory bowel disease is prevented.

19. The method according to claim 16 wherein urinary incontinence is prevented.

20. A compound as defined in any one of claims 1-6 for use in therapy.

21. A compound as defined in claim 20 for use in the prevention or treatment of respiratory, cardiovascular, neuro, pain, oncology, inflammatory and/or gastrointestinal disorders.

22. A compound as defined in claim 21 for use in the prevention or treatment of asthma, allergic rhinitis, pulmonary, cough, cold, inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, airway reactivity, urticaria, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, oedema, angiogenesis, pain, migraine, tension headache, psychoses, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, Huntington’s disease, bladder hypermotility, urinary incontinence, eating disorder, manic depression, substance dependence, movement disorder, cognitive disorder, obesity, stress disorders, micturition disorders, mania, hypomania and aggression, bipolar disorder, cancer, carcinoma, fibromyalgia, non cardiac chest pain, gastrointestinal hypermotility, gastric asthma, Crohn’s disease, gastric emptying disorders, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, emesis, gastric motility disorders or gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD).

23. Use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1-6 in the manufacture ofa preparation for treating or preventing a disease, illness, disorder or condition. AMENDED SHEET

99 PCT/SE2004/000901 ® 24. A substance or composition for use in 2 method for the prevention or treatment of respiratory, cardiovascular, neuro, pain, oncology, inflammatory and/or gastrointestinal disorders, said substance or composition comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1-6, as a single enantiomer, a racemate or a mixture thereof in the form of a free base or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

25. A substance or composition for use in a method of treatment or prevention according to claim 24 in the prevention or treatment of asthma, allergic rhinitis, pulmonary, cough, cold, inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, airway reactivity, urticaria, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, edema, angiogenesis, pain, migraine, tension headache, psychoses, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, Huntington's disease, bladder hypermotility, urinary incontinence, eating disorder, manic depression, substance dependence, movement disorder, cognitive disorder, obesity, stress disorders, micturition disorders, mania, hypomania and aggression, bipolar disorder, cancer, carcinoma, gastrointestinal hypermotility, gastric asthma, Crohn’s disease, gastric emptying disorders, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, emesis, gastric motility disorders or gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD).

26. A substance or composition for use in a method of treatment or prevention according to claim 25 in the prevention or treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

27. A substance or composition for use in a method of treatment or prevention according to claim 25 in the prevention or treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

28. A substance or composition for use in a method of treatment or prevention according to claim 25 in the prevention or treatment of urinary incontinence.

29. A substance or composition for use in a method of treatment or prevention of an illness, disease, disorder or condition, said substance or composition comprising a compound as defined in any one of claims ! to 6, and said method comprising administering said substance or composition.

30. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 or 20 to 22, substantially as herein described and illustrated. AMENDED SHEET

100 PCT/SE2004/000901

31. A process according to claim 7, substantially as herein described and illustrated.

32. A formulation according to claim 9, substantially as herein described and illustrated.

33. Use according to any one of claims 10 to 14 or 23, substantially as herein described and illustrated.

34. A method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, substantially as herein described and illustrated.

35. A substance or composition for use in a method of treatment according to any one of claims 24 to 29, substantially as herein described and illustrated.

36. A new compound, a new process for preparing a compound, a new formulation, a new use of a compound as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, a new non-therapeutic method of treatment, or a substance or composition for a new use in a method of treatment, substantially as herein described. AMENDED SHEET

0) o R1 J N Ar H R4 R2 R3 (IV) wherein R1-R4, Het, and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and the conditions are such that reductive alkylation of the compounds of the formulae (III) forms an N-C bond between s the nitrogen atom of the azetidine group of the compounds of formulae (III) and the carbon atom of the aldehyde group of the compounds of formulae av); or b) reactinga compound of the formula (IIT) with a compound of the formula (V): 0 R1 J L N Ar R4 R2 R3 Vv)

wherein R1-R4, Het, and Ar are as hereinbefore defined; and L is a group such that alkylation of the compounds of the formulae (III) forms an N-C bond between the nitrogen atom of the azetidine group of the compounds of formulae (TIT) and the carbon atom of the compounds of formulae (V) that is adjacent to the L group; or

¢) reactinga compound of the formula (VI) with a compound of the formula (VID): Het hg R1 R4 R2 R3 VI)