ZA200300015B - Method of treating peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, and autonomic neuropathies. - Google Patents
Method of treating peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, and autonomic neuropathies. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200300015B ZA200300015B ZA200300015A ZA200300015A ZA200300015B ZA 200300015 B ZA200300015 B ZA 200300015B ZA 200300015 A ZA200300015 A ZA 200300015A ZA 200300015 A ZA200300015 A ZA 200300015A ZA 200300015 B ZA200300015 B ZA 200300015B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- cgmp
- inhibitor
- disease
- neuropathies
- derivative
- Prior art date
Links
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 title claims description 15
- 208000018262 Peripheral vascular disease Diseases 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 206010061666 Autonomic neuropathy Diseases 0.000 title claims description 7
- 208000027232 peripheral nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 title claims description 6
- BNRNXUUZRGQAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sildenafil Chemical compound CCCC1=NN(C)C(C(N2)=O)=C1N=C2C(C(=CC=1)OCC)=CC=1S(=O)(=O)N1CCN(C)CC1 BNRNXUUZRGQAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 29
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 29
- ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UUOKFMHZSA-N 3',5'-cyclic GMP Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=C(NC2=O)N)=C2N=C1 ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229960003310 sildenafil Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 208000008960 Diabetic foot Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000003790 Foot Ulcer Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000002829 CREST Syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010012689 Diabetic retinopathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000012322 Raynaud phenomenon Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229940123333 Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002590 phosphodiesterase V inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 28
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 208000010228 Erectile Dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 201000001881 impotence Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 102000004861 Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108090001050 Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 description 9
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 8
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 206010056340 Diabetic ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010040943 Skin Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000028867 ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010017533 Fungal infection Diseases 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000002266 amputation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004904 fingernail bed Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000032131 Diabetic Neuropathies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007830 nerve conduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003753 nitric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036269 ulceration Effects 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 2-methoxyethoxy Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003840 Autonomic nervous system imbalance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000034826 Genetic Predisposition to Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000028389 Nerve injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010034620 Peripheral sensory neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001647 Renal Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical group O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002567 autonomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036770 blood supply Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072645 coumadin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclic GMP Natural products O1C2COP(O)(=O)OC2C(O)C1N1C=NC2=C1NC(N)=NC2=O ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008242 dietary patterns Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037336 dry skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003989 endothelium vascular Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009442 healing mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000030214 innervation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007928 intraperitoneal injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000006370 kidney failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011542 limb amputation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008338 local blood flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010025135 lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006371 metabolic abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007102 metabolic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008336 microcirculatory blood flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000003152 motion sickness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002464 muscle smooth vascular Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008764 nerve damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003182 parenteral nutrition solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001428 peripheral nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008288 physiological mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007425 progressive decline Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DOTPSQVYOBAWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-3-one Chemical class N1=CN=C2C(=O)N=NC2=C1 DOTPSQVYOBAWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAJNANMQOPCIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one Chemical compound O=C1N=CN=C2C=NN=C12 WAJNANMQOPCIPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000276 sedentary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005572 sensory peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960002639 sildenafil citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DEIYFTQMQPDXOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sildenafil citrate Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.CCCC1=NN(C)C(C(N2)=O)=C1N=C2C(C(=CC=1)OCC)=CC=1S(=O)(=O)N1CCN(C)CC1 DEIYFTQMQPDXOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000106 sweat gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002636 symptomatic treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001732 thrombotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006211 transdermal dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006496 vascular abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006442 vascular tone Effects 0.000 description 1
- PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N warfarin Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
TY wo ozozns PCT/US01/41202
METHOD OF TREATING PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES,
PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES, AND AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHIES
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/215,065, filed June 30, 2000, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/219,029, : filed July 18, 2000, both entitled “Method of Treating Diabetic Ulcers,” the disclosures of both of which are hereby incorporated herein in their entireties.
This invention relates to the use of cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate type five (cGMP PDES) inhibitors, including the compound sildenafil, for the treatment of disease related to peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, autonomic neuropathies, particularly the diseases which are related to diabetes.
Diseases, which are related to peripheral vascular disease and autonomic neuropathies are widely varied yet consistent in their chronic pathological condition and difficulty in treatment. A large number of these diseases are related to the disease diabetes mellitus. Others, although not known to be related to diabetes are similar in their physiological effects on the peripheral vascular system. Such diseases include
Raynaud’s Phenomenon, including CREST syndrome, autoimmune diseases, such as erythromatosis, rheumatoid diseases, and diabetic retinopathies.
Diabetes mellitus is a serious and widespread chronic disease. Studies predict that the 1996 global diabetes prevalence of 120 million should more than double to :
© woo2uis ee ee PCT/USO1A1202 250 million by the year 2025, primarily due to increasing age, obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and changing dietary patterns. Many serious and costly complications affect individuals suffering from diabetes mellitus, including heart disease, kidney failure, and blindness. Nevertheless, foot complications by far take the greatest toll. It is believed that 40-70% of all lower extremity amputations are related to diabetes mellitus. Additionally, approximately 85% of all diabetes-related lower extremity amputations are preceded by a foot ulcer.
Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of developing one or more foot ulcers as a result of established long-term complications of the disease, which include impaired nerve function (neuropathy) and/or ischemia.
Local tissue ischemia is a key contributing factor to diabetic foot ulceration. In addition to large vessel disease, patients with diabetes suffer further threat to their skin perfusion in at least two additional ways. First, by involvement of the non-conduit arteries, which are detrimentally affected by the process of atherosclerosis. Second, and perhaps more importantly, by impairment of the microcirculatory control mechanisms (small vessel disease). Normally, when a body part suffers some form of trauma, the body part will, as part of the body’s healing mechanism, experience an increased blood flow. When small vessel disease and ischemia are present, as in the case of many diabetics, this natural increased blood flow response is significantly reduced. This fact, together with the tendency of diabetics to form blood clots (thrombosis) in the microcirculatory system during low levels of blood flow, is believed to be an important factor in ulcer pathogenesis.
Neuropathy is yet another major complication of diabetes mellitus. No well- established treatments exist for either its symptomatic treatment or for prevention of progressive decline in nerve function. Estimates of the prevalence of neuropathy in diabetes vary widely, from a low of 5% to a high of 80%, largely due to the numerous definitions and clinical descriptions of neuropathy. Nevertheless, the additive effects of neuropathy in the suffering diabetic patient are well known and documented = The effect of the neuropathy is complex. The loss of sensory information from
M 5 the foot is related to abnormal and prolonged pressure on the areas of the foot (sensory neuropathy). Motor neuropathy leads to deformity, further increasing pressure loading on the foot. In autonomic neuropathy, loss of innervation of the sweat glands results in dry skin which cracks creating an environment amenable to infection. Autonomic dysfunction contributes further by altering the distribution of micro-circulatory blood flow, directing the blood flow through shunts and away from the nutritive skin capillaries. These factors as a whole, in conjunction with foot trauma, result in skin breakdown and ulcers.
Scientists have not yet determined the mechanism that leads to nerve damage in diabetes, but it is believed to be multifactorial. These factors include genetic predisposition, metabolic and vascular abnormalities, and lack of perturbation of growth factors. The response of the peripheral nervous system to the metabolic effects of diabetes does not appear to differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes, which suggests a likelihood of similar clinical response to therapies in the two primary forms of the disease. There seem to be a number of susceptibility factors, as yet unknown, for the development of neuropathy, which operate in the presence of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).
Scientists have found that nerve ischemia is involved in the pathogenesis of nerve conduction. In experimental diabetic neuropathy, practitioners in the field have ¢ theorized that a decrease in nitric oxide (NO) levels may be responsible for the decrease in nerve blood flow. NO is a short-lived radical with a broad spectrum of metabolic functions, including mediation of vascular tone. The effects of NO are tl mediated by cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Various therapeutic interventions, all of which increase levels of NO, have been shown to increase nerve ’ blood flow and nerve conduction in experimental diabetic neuropathy which results in reduced levels of NO.
There are known cGMP PDES inhibitors, such as sildenafil citrate, which are competitive, potent, and sclective inhibitors of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDES), a compound known to be responsible for the breakdown of cGMP. Such inhibitor compounds, therefore, increase intracellular concentrations of nitric-oxide derived cGMP, thereby enhancing the effect of NO, which is responsible for the efficacy of sildenafil in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction.
While the beneficial effects of sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction have been well documented and publicized in recent years, the effectiveness of such a compound in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers was entirely unexpected. Recent publications by Reuters™ (Reuters Health Information, June 18, 2000) of the controlled study of the commercial (sildenafil) product VIAGRA™ (Pfizer) in diabetic men by Dr. Stanley Korenman, of the University of California at Los Angeles indicates an interest in the use of sildenafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes. However, no interest in or notice of the effectiveness of cGMP PDES inhibitors in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers was reported.
Summary of the Invention. ’ Surprisingly, the inventor discovered that in treating male diabetic patients for ’ erectile dysfunction, those that also suffered from chronic, unhealed foot ulcers achieved unexpected, rapid and complete healing of their foot ulcers. Repeated
© Wo 0202118 PCT/US01/41202 administration of the inhibiting compound to additional diabetic patients, some of whom had suffered with unhealed foot ulcers for as long as one year, achieved the same surprising results. Similar surprising results have been observed in the ’ treatment of other disease conditions which are related to peripheral vascular disease « 5 Clearly, the use of such inhibitor compounds represents a dramatically effective treatment of patients suffering from diabetic foot ulcers. It is known that NO is released from vascular endothelium and modulates local blood flow by relaxing vascular smooth muscle. This system is disrupted in diabetes and the increased intracellular concentrations of mtric-oxide derived cGMP, seen for example with 10 sildenafil, therefore are believed to reverse the microvascular pathology of patients with diabetic foot ulceration leading to improved healing rates. While the present invention is not limited by this theory of physiological mechanism of the invention, the inventor believes that it is such a mechanism that the inventor’s administration of sildenafil can enhance the blood supply to the ulcerated limb and thus enhance the rate 15 of healing in diabetic foot ulcers.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method of treating a patient with diabetic ulcers, which includes treating the patient with an effective amount of a cGMP PDES5 inhibitor, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a prophylactic to those 20 patients which are predisposed to diabetic ulcers and thus save many diabetics from suffering the deleterious effects and possibility of limb amputations which commonly result from diabetic foot ulcers. ’ Additionally, the cGMP PDES5 inhibitor, or a pharmaceutical composition ? thereof, also may be used in combination with other therapeutic agents or treatments
© WO 02/02118 PCT/US01/41202 that are now or may later be useful in the treatment of the above-mentioned disease states.
The present invention also provides for the use of a cGMP PDES inhibitor for ’ the manufacture of a composition for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. v 5 It 1s also within the concept of this invention to treat peripheral vascular diseases such as Raynaud’s Phenomenon, including CREST syndrome, autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosis, rheumatoid diseases and diabetic retinopathies.
The present invention would also be beneficial in peripheral and autonomic neuropathies or any other disease entity. that results from small vessel disease and directly large vessel disease.
Another object of this invention is the treatment of onychiomycosis (fungal) infection of the nailbed).
A number of potent and selective cGMP PDES5 inhibitors are now known and their activity can be determined readily by in-vitro screening against cGMP PDE enzymes from a number of sources, in accordance with published procedures. Thus, for example, a number of pyrazolopyrimidinone compounds are described as cGMP
PDES inhibitors in EPO 0463756, EPO 0526004, WO 93/12095, WO 94/05661, WO 94/00453, WO 95/19978 and WO 98/49166, the complete disclosures of which are fully incorporated herein by reference.
Some cGMP-PDES5 inhibitors which can be used in the present invention include, for example, 5-(2-ethoxy-5-morpholinoacetylphenyl)-1-methyl-3-n-propyl-1- } 6-dihydro-7H-20 pyrazolo[4, 3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 5-(5-morpholinoacetyl-2-n- " propoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-n-propyl-1-,6-dihydro-7H pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin- 7-one; 5-[2-ethoxy-5-(4-methyl-1-piperazin-1-yl-sulphonyl)-phenyl]-1,6-
© WO 02/02118 PCT/US01/41202 dihydro-1-methyl-3 propylpyrazolo[4, 3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 5-[2-allyloxy-5- (4-methyl-1-piperazinlysulphonyl)-phenyl]-1-methyl-3-n-propyl-1,6 dihydro-
TH-pyrazolo{4, 3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 5-(2-ethoxy-5-[4-(2-propyl)-1- piperazinyl-sulphonyl]phenyl}-1-methyl-3-n-propyl-1, 6-dihydro-7H- pyrazolo[4, 3-d)pyrimidin-7-one; 5-(2-ethoxy-5[4-(2-hydroxyethyl-1-piperazinyl- sulphonyljpheny!)-1-methyl-3-n propyl-1, 6-dihydro-7H-pyrazolo [4, 3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 5-(5-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinylsulphonyl]- 2-n-propoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-n propyl-1-, 6-dihydro-7H-pyrazolo{[4, 3-d]pyrimidin-7-one; 5-[2-ethoxy-5-(4-methyl-1-piperazinylcarbonyl)- phenyl]-1-methyl-3-n-propyl-1, 6 dihydro-7H-pyrazolo[4, 3-dJpyrimidin-7-one; 5-[2-ethoxy-5-(1-methyl-2-imidazolyl)phenyl]-1-methyl-3-n-propyl-1, 6-dihydro-7H pyrzolo[4, 3-d]pyrimidin-7-one, 3-ethyl-5-[5-[4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulphonyl]-2- (2-methoxyethoxy)pyrid-3-yl}-2-(2pyridylmethyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo- [4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one, and 3-ethyl-5-[5-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-ylsulphonyl)- 2-n-propoxyphenyl}-2-(pyridin-2yl)methyl-2,6-dihydro-7H-pyrimidin-7-one.
The inventor has determined that the preferred compound, 5-[2-ethoxy-5-(4-methylpiperazin 1-yl sulphonyl)-phenyl]-1, 6-dihydro-1-methyl-3-propylpyrazolo [4,3-d] pyrimidine-7-one (sildenafil), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; including the citrate salt, has been very effective in the treatment of foot ulcers related to diabetes.
In regards to other uses of cycli guanosine 3’, 5’-monophosphate type five (cGMP PDES) inhibitors, including the compound sildenafil, for which we have shown is effective in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, it is also within the concept ) of the present invention to treat other peripheral vascular diseases such as Raynaud’s
Phenomenon, including CREST syndrome, autoimmune diseases such as systemic
© WO 02/02118 PCT/US01/41202 lupus erythematosis, rheumatoid diseases and diabetic retinopathies. The treatment of the present invention would also be beneficial in peripheral and autonomic neuropathies or any other disease entity that results from small vessel disease and directly large vessel disease. The inventor has also discovered that onychiomycosis (fungal infection of the nailbed) particularly of the lower extremity has resolved completely without the use of antifungal medication when treated exclusively with sildenafil. The patient in this case was requesting treatment for erectile dysfunction and again the inventor discovered this unexpected beneficial result. The inventor has observed such results in varied diseases which have the common element of peripheral vascular disease or peripheral neuropathy. The beneficial effect of the method is believed to be due to increase vascular flow of the small vessels which aided the body in healing itself.
Patient #1 is an insulin dependent diabetic who had been suffering from erectile dysfunction and who subsequently had a diabetic foot ulcer. During the . treatment of the erectile dysfunction it was noted that the foot ulcer was healing. This foot ulcer began approximately two years prior and the patient had been through vascular studies, had seen vascular surgeons, podiatrists, and had been in wound care clinics with minimal results at best. He had also been hospitalized for approximately a month on IV antibiotics, etc. and the threat was very real that the patient was going to require a below the knee amputation. The ulcer would appear to be healing at times - only to reoccur to its pretreatment size and depth. Once sildenafil treatment had began for his erectile dysfunction, it was noted that the ulcer was decreasing in the size and * the patient was instructed to begin taking 50 mg of sildenafil once a day. This resulted
© WO 02/02118 PCT/US01/41202 in complete resolution of the diabetic food ulcer in one month and the patient has continued on this same treatment for the past two years without reoccurrence.
Patient #2 was suffering from chronic changes of both lower extremities secondary to peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus. He was being followed * 5 for his diabetes mellitus and stated he was having trouble with erectile dysfunction and once sildenafil treatment was instituted, not only did his erectile dysfunction significantly improve but the chronic changes of both lower extremities secondary to the peripheral vascular disease also significantly improved or resolved completely.
Patient #3 suffers from severe peripheral vascular disease secondary to arteriosclerosic. Conventional treatments such as femoral popliteal bypass surgery, surgical insertion of (Greenfield filter) thrombotic preventive umbrella, administration of heparin and administration of coumadin have all failed to alleviate the condition.
Sildenafil has been prescribed for erectile dysfunction and the patient is being closely followed to monitor improvements in the arteriosclerosic condition.
Patient #4 suffered from erectile dysfunction. He also suffered from onychiomycosis (fungal infection of the nailbed). He was placed on sildenafil treatment taking one 50 mg pill on an as-needed basis. On that treatment schedule his erectile dysfunction improved and surprisingly his fungal infection was cured.
The cGMP PDES inhibitor is preferably administered as a pharmaceutical composition. Thus, the compound can be administered in any conventional oral, parenteral, rectal, or transdermal dosage form, usually with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. These methods of administration are well known in the prior art and are disclosed in U.S. Patent nos. 5,520,534; 5,346,901; 5,719,283; ’ 5,272,147; 5,426,107; 5,482,941; 5,591,742; 5,734,053; 6,025,494; 5,859,006, the complete disclosures of which are fully incorporated herein by reference.
Oral administration of a pharmaceutical composition may be in the form of a solution, suspension, tablet, pill, capsule, powder or the like. Tablets containing various excipients such as sodium citrate, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate are used in conjunction with various disintegrants, such as potato or tapioca starch, and " 5 certain complex silicates, together with binding agents such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelatin, and acacia. Additionally, lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, and talc are often used for tabletting purposes. Solid compositions of a similar type are also employed as fillers in soft and hard-filled gelatin capsules; preferred materials in this connection also include lactose or milk sugar, as well as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols. When aqueous suspensions and/or elixirs are desired for oral administration, the compounds can be combined with various sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents, emulsifying agents and/or suspending agents, as well as such diluents as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin and various similar combinations thereof. It is also within the concept of the present invention to administer the effective compound in admixture with a foodstuff or drink.
For purposes of parenteral administration, solutions in oil or in aqueous propylene glycol can be employed, as well as sterile aqueous solutions of the corresponding water-soluble salts. Such aqueous solutions may be suitably buffered, if necessary, and the liquid diluent first rendered isotonic with sufficient saline or glucose. These aqueous solutions are especially suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection purposes. In this connection, } the sterile aqueous media employed are all readily obtainable by standard techniques, ) which are well-known to those skilled in the art.
© WO 02/02118 PCT/US01/41202
For purposes of transdermal (e.g., topical) administration, dilute sterile, aqueous or partially aqueous solutions (usually in about 0.1 % to 5% concentration), otherwise similar to the above parenteral solutions, are prepared. Transdermal s administration of compounds for therapeutic purposes is increasingly becoming a \ ’ 5 common practice, as in the case of nicotine patches or motion sickness preventatives.
More recently, the transdermal application of relatively large molecules, such as those contained in compositions of antigens and adjuvants has been shown to be effective as described in U.S. Patent 5,910,306 and U.S. Patent 5,980,898, the complete disclosures of which are fully incorporated herein by reference. Transdermal application can be accomplished by direct application to the skin, in admixture with a carrier, such as for example a salve or cream, or as covered by or applied to a patch, which is placed on the skin of the patient.
Methods of preparing various pharmaceutical compositions with a certain amount of active ingredient are well known to those skilled in the art, or may be determined by reference to literature precedents, which are available to those skilled in the art.
The exact dosages of cGMP PDES5 inhibitor administered will differ depending upon the specific compound prescribed, on the subject being treated, on the severity of the condition, on the manner of administration, and on the judgment of the prescribing physician. Thus, because of patient-to-patient variability, dosages are a guideline only and the physician may adjust doses of the compounds to achieve the level of effective treatment that the physician considers appropriate for the patient. In considering the degree of treatment desired, the physician must balance a variety of factors such as the age of the patient and the presence of other diseases or conditions (e.g. cardiovascular disease). In general, the cGMP PDES inhibitor will be administered in a range of from
© WO 02/02118 PCT/US01/41202 0.5 to 400 mg per day, as disclosed in disclosed in US. Patent nos. 5,520,534; } 5,346,901; 5,719,283; 5,272,147; 5,426,107; 5,482,941; 5,591,742; 5,734,053; 6,025,494; 5,859,006, the complete disclosures of which are fully incorporated herein by reference. More particularly, the preferred treatment dosage is 25 to 100 mg per * 5 day, as disclosed in WO 98/49166, the complete disclosure of which is fully incorporated herein by reference. Safe and effective dosages prescribed for individuals would be well known to a practitioner, based upon the disclosures in the foregoing patents and the practitioner’s personal knowledge of the particular patient’s state of health.
In the case of the preferred compound, sildenafil, an effective dose is 5 to 125 mg per day, more preferably 10-110 mg per day and most preferably 25-100 mg per day, which can be administered as a tablet or capsule up to three times a day.
However, the precise dosage will be as determined by the prescribing physician and will depend on the age and weight of the patient and severity of the symptoms, as described above.
The administration of an effective dosage of the compound of the present invention can also provide a prophylactic to assist in the prevention of foot ulcers in a : patient suffering from the disease diabetes. The skilled practitioner can prescribe an effective dosage of the compound using the dosages disclosed above and tailored to the specific needs of the patient being treated.
Claims (9)
1. Use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a cGMP PDES5 inhibitor or a derivative or salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease of a type selected from peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, and autonomic neuropathies.
2. Use according to claim 1 wherein said disease is selected from the group consisting of Raynaud’s Phenomenon, CREST syndrome, erythromatosis, rheumatoid diseases and diabetic retinopathies.
3. Use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a cGMP PDES3 inhibitor or a derivative or salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for treating onychiomycosis.
4. Use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a cGMP PDES3 inhibitor or a derivative or salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a patient suffering from diabetic foot ulcers.
S. Use of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a cGMP PDES5 inhibitor or a derivative or salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for preventing the formation of foot ulcers in a patient suffering from the disease diabetes 13 AMENDED SHEET
6. A method of manufacturing a diabetic foot ulcer therapeutic comprising providing an effective ingredient selected from the group consisting of a cGMP PDE5S inhibitor, a derivative thereof, and a salt thereof and combining said effective ingredient with a suitable carrier for administration to a patient.
7. Use according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the cGMP PDE 5 inhibitor is sildenafil.
8. A method according to claim 6, substantially as herein described and exemplified.
9. Use according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4 or 5, substantially as herein described and exemplified. AVENUED SHEET
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US21506500P | 2000-06-30 | 2000-06-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ZA200300015B true ZA200300015B (en) | 2004-02-04 |
Family
ID=32592711
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ZA200300015A ZA200300015B (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2003-01-02 | Method of treating peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, and autonomic neuropathies. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
ZA (1) | ZA200300015B (en) |
-
2003
- 2003-01-02 ZA ZA200300015A patent/ZA200300015B/en unknown
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4868179A (en) | Method of reducing mortality associated with congestive heart failure using hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate | |
Devine et al. | Minoxidil for severe hypertension after failure of other hypotensive drugs. | |
DK9200258U4 (en) | Pharmaceutical preparation containing enalapril for use in hypertension | |
KR20010089635A (en) | Use of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzym a reductase inhibitors for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy | |
RU2201272C2 (en) | Application of inhibitors of gastro- intestinal lipase | |
JP2011518785A (en) | Use of dronedarone to prepare drugs for the prevention of cardiovascular hospitalization or death | |
US20010031790A1 (en) | Treatment for complications of type 2 diabetes | |
JPH0667841B2 (en) | Depressive agent for depression | |
Mackay et al. | Minoxidil in the management of intractable hypertension | |
KR20240032789A (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating obesity comprising cyclo-hispro | |
US6818647B2 (en) | Method and composition for restoring diuretic and renal function | |
CZ344498A3 (en) | Pharmaceutical composition and method of treating large blood losses and for inhibiting or treating haemorrhagic shock | |
NZ521710A (en) | Prophylactic and therapeutic use of oltipraz as an antifibrotic and anticirrhotic agent in the liver and pharmaceutical composition containing oltipraz | |
EP1303279A1 (en) | Method of treating peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, and autonomic neuropathies | |
US20040176387A1 (en) | Method of treating peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, and autonomic neuropathies | |
US20050038017A1 (en) | Method and composition for restoring diuretic and renal function | |
ZA200300015B (en) | Method of treating peripheral vascular diseases, peripheral neuropathies, and autonomic neuropathies. | |
Maclean et al. | Modern diuretic treatment. | |
EP0994711B1 (en) | Adenosine a1 receptor antagonist containing composition and method for restoring diuretic and renal function | |
CN106902115A (en) | Application of the Eliquis in diabetes medicine is treated | |
Frewin et al. | The use of a new mode of therapy in the management of orthostatic hypotension | |
Batta | Correlation of Vitamin C and Gout | |
Zimmermann et al. | Case Series Type II Diabetes Patients under Sildenafil Citrate: Case Series Showing Benefits and a Side Effect | |
Gün et al. | Use of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy and Insulin in a Case of Tarka Intoxication | |
Mookerjee et al. | Hypertension in the elderly |